Satellites
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Satellites 101.
内容卫星列表 101.
4 Satellite Anatomy.
4 卫星解剖学.
6 Outstanding Orbits.
6 杰出轨道.
8 Satellites Work.
8 卫星工作。
11 First Satellites.
11 第一颗卫星.
18 The International Space Station.
18 国际空间站.
19 Satellite Rescue.
19卫星救援.
21 Satellite Funerals.
21个卫星葬礼.
21 Conclusion.
21 结论。
22 Glossary.
22 词汇表。
23 Index.
23 指数。
24 Satellites 101 A satellite is any object in space that orbits, or revolves around, another object.
24 卫星 101 卫星是空间中任何轨道或围绕另一个物体运行的物体。
There are two kinds—natural and artificial satellites.
有两种——自然卫星和人造卫星。
The Moon is a natural satellite that revolves around Earth.
月球是一颗围绕地球的自然卫星.
All of the planets in our Solar System are natural satellites of the Sun.
我们太阳系中的所有行星都是太阳的天然卫星.
Artificial satellites are made by humans.
人造卫星由人类制造.
The eight planets of our solar system are satellites that orbit the Sun.
我们太阳系的八颗行星是绕太阳运转的卫星.
Artificial satellites are high-tech tools that orbit Earth.
人造卫星是环绕地球运行的高科技工具.
They are like space robots that do many jobs people can’t.
他们就像太空机器人,
Even though we often aren’t aware of them, artificial satellites have played an important part in our lives since Sputnik I was launched in 1957.
人造卫星自1957年发射一号人造卫星以来,
Artificial satellites allow us to do everyday things, such as use our cell phones and select TV programs from hundreds of domestic and international channels.
人造卫星允许我们做日常工作,比如使用我们的手机,从数百个国内和国际频道中选择电视节目.
Satellites help captains navigate ships, and meteorologists predict the path of dangerous storms.
卫星帮助船长航行船只,气象学家预测出危险风暴的路径.
Thousands of satellites now orbit Earth.
数以千计的卫星在地球轨道上运行
Similar to satellites are space probes, which usually explore other planets, moons, or asteroids within our Solar System.
与卫星类似的是空间探测器,它们通常探索太阳系内的其他行星,月球,或小行星.
They can also travel to the far reaches of space, sending back valuable information.
他们也可以前往遥远的空间,把宝贵的信息送回去。
Satellite Anatomy Satellites are built for specific jobs.
卫星解剖学卫星是为特定的工作而建造的。
On the outside, they may look like a barrel or a windmill and have paddles, solar panels, or sails.
在外表,它们可能看起来像一桶或风车,并有桨,太阳能板,或起帆.
Inside, satellites contain mission-specific scientific instruments.
内部,卫星包含特定任务的科学仪器.
The payload includes whatever tools the satellite needs to perform its work, such as sensitive antennas, high-resolution cameras, and communication electronics.
有效载荷包括卫星开展工作所需的任何工具,如敏感天线、高分辨率相机和通信电子。
The bus is the part that carries the payload.
公交车是载荷的部分.
The bus holds all the parts together; provides the electrical power for the computers and communication equipment, and the power to move the satellite forward.
公交车将所有部件集中起来;为计算机和通信设备提供电力,并提供推进卫星前进的动力.
Solar Sensation Satellites use solar energy from the Sun to run their equipment.
太阳感应卫星利用太阳的太阳能运行设备.
The flaps, wings, panels, or the satellite’s shell can be covered with solar cells.
襟翼,翅膀,面板或卫星外壳可以被太阳能电池所覆盖.
These cells convert the Sun’s energy to electricity.
这些电池将太阳的能量转换成电能.
A satellite never pays an electric bill!
卫星从来不付电费!
Computers function as the satellite’s brain.
计算机是卫星的大脑。
The computers receive information, interpret it, and send messages back to Earth.
计算机接收信息,解释信息,并发送信息回地球.
Advanced digital cameras serve as the satellite’s eyes.
先进的数码相机是卫星的眼睛。
Sensors are other important parts that recognize light and color, heat, water, minerals, and gases.
传感器是识别出光和颜色,热,水,矿物,和气体的其他重要部分.
Sensors record changes in what is being observed.
感应器记录了所观察到的变化。
Radios on the satellite send information back to Earth where antennas receive the signals.
卫星上的无线电将信息传送回天线接收信号的地球.
Outstanding Orbits Artificial satellites use gravity to stay in their orbits.
杰出的轨道 人造卫星使用重力 停留在其轨道。
Earth’s gravity pulls everything toward the center of the planet.
地球的引力把一切引向地球中心
To stay in Earth’s orbit, a satellite’s speed must adjust to the tiniest changes in the pull of gravity.
要留在地球轨道上,卫星的速度必须适应重力拉力最微小的变化。
The satellite’s speed works against Earth’s gravity just enough so that it doesn’t go speeding into space or falling back to Earth.
卫星的速度与地心引力相抗衡,
Rockets carry satellites to different types and heights of orbits, based on the jobs they need to do.
火箭根据所需工作,将卫星运送到不同类型和高度的轨道.
Satellites closer to Earth are in low-Earth orbit, which can be 200–500 miles (321–804 km) high.
靠近地球的卫星处于低地轨道上,其高度可达200-500英里(321-804公里).
Gravity is stronger closer to Earth so these satellites must travel at about 17,000 miles per hour (27,358 kph) to keep from falling back to Earth.
重力更接近地球,所以这些卫星必须以每小时约17,000英里(27,358克)的速度行驶,以免坠入地球.
Higher-orbiting satellites can travel more slowly because gravity’s pull isn’t as strong.
因为重力的拉力没有那么强大,
Linking Up!
连接起来!
Downlinking is when a satellite converts the information it collects into a radio signal and sends it back to Earth.
下行链路是指卫星将所收集的信息转换成无线电信号并发回地球时.
These signals travel through space and are received at an Earth Station, or dish.
这些信号穿越太空,在地球站或地盘接收。
Sending signals back up to a satellite is called uplinking.
向卫星发送信号叫做上行链路。
A collection of Earth Stations are arranged to receive satellite signals.
安排一批地面站接收卫星信号.
The first global gravity model based on GOCE satellite data was presented in mid-2010.
2010年年中介绍了第一个以GOCE卫星数据为基础的全球重力模型。
The GOCE satellite has the capability to map the tiny variations in Earth’s gravity pull.
GOCE卫星有能力绘制出地球引力的微小变化图。
Satellites orbit Earth according to the job they do.
卫星按照他们的工作环绕地球运行.
Equatorial Orbit Polar Orbit Low-Earth Orbit Hunks of Junk!
赤道轨道极地轨道 低地轨道 容克克!
A space shuttle traveling in low-Earth orbit smacked into a fleck of paint that dug a pit in a window nearly a quarter-inch (6.
一艘在低地轨道上行驶的航天飞机被打成一团漆,从一扇窗户上挖出一个坑来近四分之一英寸(6英寸)。
35 mm) wide!
35毫米)宽!
Space might seem empty, but what’s really out there is an orbiting garbage dump—leftovers from early space missions such as gloves, lens caps, bolts, rocket motors, and meteoroids, too.
太空可能看起来是空的, 但真正的外表是轨道垃圾堆,
These objects slam into spacecraft at speeds of 170,000 mph (273,588 kph) or more, causing serious damage.
这些物体以170,000 mph (273,588 kph)或更快的速度被撞入航天器,造成严重的损坏.
Satellite missions have helped NASA chart over 370,000 known pieces of space junk.
卫星任务帮助美国航天局绘制了37万多件已知的空间垃圾图。
After six years in space, the satellites came home riddled with pits, cracks, and holes from space debris!
在太空度过了六年之后 卫星回到了家 里面充满了坑洞 裂缝和空间碎片的洞
Satellites that follow a lopsided elliptical, or oval-shaped, orbit do so to get a closer view of Earth.
沿斜椭圆形或椭圆形轨道运行的卫星这样做是为了更接近地球的视野.
At 540 miles (869 km) up, satellites in polar orbit travel from pole to pole and circle the Earth eighteen times a day!
在540英里(869公里)上方,极地轨道上的卫星从极地行走到极地,并每天环绕地球18次!
Other satellites orbit over the equator 22,300 miles (35,888 km) up.
其他卫星轨道在赤道上方22300英里(35,888公里).
They move at the same speed that the Earth is turning.
它们以地球转动的同样速度移动.
These satellites are in stationary orbits, meaning it takes 24 hours for the satellite to circle our planet.
这些卫星处于静止轨道,这意味着卫星需要24小时环绕我们的行星.
The Earth takes 24 hours to spin on its axis, so these satellites appear to stay over the same spot!
地球需要24小时才能在它的轴上旋转 所以这些卫星似乎停留在同一个位置上!
Satellites Work Scientists design satellites to collect many different types of information.
卫星工作 科学家设计卫星收集许多不同类型的信息.
Scientists design and place them into orbit according to what kind of data they are collecting.
科学家根据其收集的数据类型来设计并将其送入轨道.
Communication satellites, or comsats, allow us to use cell phones and send emails and faxes across the globe.
通信卫星,即宇宙卫星,使我们能够使用手机,在全球各地发送电子邮件和传真。
They allow us to broadcast television and radio programs around the world, and make phone calls while flying in an airplane!
他们允许我们在世界各地播放电视和广播节目,在飞机飞行时打电话!
The first live broadcast across the Atlantic Ocean was made in 1962 by an experimental satellite called Telstar.
第一次横跨大西洋的直播是1962年由名为"Telstar"的实验卫星所制作.
Before then, news had to travel by telegraph, telephone, or cables.
在此之前,新闻必须用电报、电话或电缆进行。
Now, we can communicate with the most remote places by bouncing a signal across multiple satellites.
现在,我们可以与最偏远的地方通信 通过多颗卫星发出信号。
Earth observational satellites collect information on temperature, oceans, wildfires, animals, and even volcanoes!
地球观测卫星收集温度、海洋、野火、动物甚至火山的信息!
Sometimes, these satellites are called environmental satellites.
有时,这些卫星被称为环境卫星.
They record changes in the Earth’s surface and atmosphere, including pollution and destruction of forests caused by human activity.
它们记录了地球表面和大气层的变化,包括由人类活动造成的污染和森林被破坏。
They use powerful cameras to take pictures using light rays, X-rays, and radio waves.
他们使用强大的相机用光线,X光和无线电波来拍照.
Environmentalists, farmers, miners, and fishermen find this information increasingly valuable.
环保人士、农民、矿工和渔民认为这一信息越来越有价值。
Other satellites such as military, or spy, satellites have taken pictures of Earth since 1960.
其他卫星,如军事卫星,或间谍卫星,自1960年起拍摄了地球的照片.
Officially named reconnaissance satellites, or spysats, they spy on other nations.
正式命名为侦察卫星,或间谍卫星,它们监视其他国家.
Spysats relay coded messages, monitor nuclear weapons, observe enemy armies, and can eavesdrop on many forms of electronic communication.
间谍卫星中继密码信息,监视核武器,观察敌军,并可以窃听多种形式的电子通信.
Environmental satellites monitor the impact from deforestation or sediment clogging rivers and harbors.
环境卫星监测森林砍伐或沉积物堵塞河流和港口的影响。
People with satellite TV downlink the satellite signal directly into their homes.
有卫星电视的人将卫星信号直接连入家中.
The advanced technology developed for use in spysats has been expanded for other uses.
为用于间谍卫星而开发的先进技术已扩大到其他用途。
Industries use imaging satellites to find oil or mineral sites.
工业利用成像卫星来寻找石油或矿址.
Law enforcement uses them to find where illegal drugs are grown.
执法部门利用这些药来寻找非法药物的种植地。
Satellites have even traced pollution back to the polluters.
卫星甚至追溯到污染者身上。
Research satellites have helped us map Earth in greater detail than we could ever do before.
研究卫星帮助我们更详细地绘制出地球图。
One satellite program tracks meteors that get too close to Earth.
一个卫星程序追踪到离地球太近的陨石.
It also monitors ongoing tests of ways to divert or destroy threatening meteors before they can collide with Earth.
该系统还监测在威胁性流星与地球相撞之前如何转移或摧毁这些流星的持续试验。
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI or STAR WARS) In 1 983, then-U.
战略防御倡议(SDI或STAR WARS) 1 983年,当时的U.
S.
师曰.
President Ronald Regan announced research into the development of a space- based defense system.
罗纳德·里根总统宣布研究开发以空间为基础的防御系统.
A network of defense satellites would detect enemy missiles in time for the missiles to be destroyed while they were in the air.
一个防御卫星网络将及时探测到敌方导弹,使导弹在空中被摧毁。
The system was never completed.
该系统从未完成。
Image of New York City, taken from a research satellite Satellites in Emergencies Both communication and military spy satellites are important in ma jor emergencies.
纽约市的图像,取自一颗研究卫星 紧急情况中的卫星 通信和军事间谍卫星 在紧急情况中都很重要
Disasters often destroy all means of transportation and other forms of communication, but satellite signals are not affected.
灾害往往会破坏所有运输工具和其他形式的通信,但卫星信号没有受到影响。
Radio and TV stations use mobile satellite dishes as ground stations.
广播电台和电视台使用移动卫星天线作为地面站.
This allows signals to be sent up to a communication satellite, which then beams the signal around the world or bounces it to another satellite.
这样可以将信号发送到一颗通信卫星上,然后将信号波及到世界各地,或者将其反弹到另一颗卫星上.
Satellites can show the extent of a major disaster area.
卫星可以显示一个重大灾区的范围。
Weather satellites save lives.
气象卫星拯救了生命。
They monitor weather systems, wind speeds, rainfall, and much more.
它们监测天气系统,风速,降雨量,以及更多的天气.
Weather satellites warn us about dangerous storms, such as hurricanes or typhoons.
气象卫星警告我们有飓风或台风等危险的风暴.
Earlier warning and more accurate information allow people more time to either prepare for the storm or evacuate the area.
更早的警告和更准确的信息使得人们有更多的时间来为风暴做准备或撤离该地区.
Meteorologists, scientists who study Earth’s atmosphere, weather, and climate, can make better forecasts using satellites.
气象学家,研究地球大气,天气和气候的科学家,可以利用卫星作出更好的预测.
Weather satellites use cameras and tools that measure the temperature in the atmosphere.
气象卫星使用相机和测量大气温度的工具.
They can help ships in the ocean by detecting snow and ice at sea.
它们可以通过在海上探测出雪和冰来帮助船只入海.
Large ships and planes cannot stay on course without navigational satellites to help them find their way.
没有导航卫星,大型船只和飞机无法继续航行,帮助他们找到航道。
Global Positioning System, or GPS, receives radio signals from three satellites that are used to pinpoint an exact location anywhere.
全球定位系统从三颗卫星接收无线电信号,用来确定任何地方的确切位置。
Astronomical satellites have the ultimate view of the universe!
天文卫星拥有宇宙的终极视野!
They look deep into space at the Moon, Sun, planets, stars, and galaxies.
它们在月球、太阳、行星、恒星和星系 都深处观察太空
Scientists use these research satellites to study waves and particles moving through space in the hope of understanding more about our universe.
科学家利用这些研究卫星来研究在太空中移动的波浪和粒子,希望能够更多地了解我们的宇宙.
Infrared satellites are probing the darkest corners of space and relaying images never thought possible—of objects we couldn’t see before.
红外卫星正在探索太空最黑暗的一角,
Working Together Meteorologists use weather satellites in different orbits to help them make the best observations.
协同气象学家利用不同轨道的气象卫星来帮助他们进行最好的观测.
Two satellites circle Earth over the poles.
两颗卫星环绕地球过极地.
Another set of these satellites orbit Earth at the equator.
这些卫星的另一组环绕赤道的地球运行。
Weather satellites predict and track storm systems around the world.
气象卫星预测并追踪到世界各地的风暴系统.
Go GPS!
打开GPS!
GPS was originally developed for military use, but now people across the globe are using this satellite technology to determine where they are.
全球定位系统最初是为军事用途而开发的,但现在全球各地的人正在使用这种卫星技术来确定它们的位置.
Many cars now have small GPS monitors that can tell drivers how to get from one place to the next.
许多汽车现在都有小型的GPS显示器,可以告诉司机如何从一个地方到另一个地方.
But GPS isn’t perfect—it can be disturbed by electrical storms, solar flares, computer failure, or power failures.
但GPS并非完美无缺,
The Hubble Space Telescope is the most famous U.
哈勃太空望远镜是最出名的U.
S.
师曰.
astronomical satellite.
天文卫星.
The “ultimate telescope” was launched into its low-Earth orbit in 1990, and after twenty years of performance beyond any expectation, the last of its series of refurbishing missions gave it a final tune- up.
“第二望远镜”于1990年被发射入低地轨道,经过20年的超预期性能后,其一系列翻新任务中的最后一批使望远镜得到了最后的调取。
It received new cameras, new batteries and gyroscopes, a Cosmic Origins Spectrograph, and a renewed expectation of perhaps another ten years of taking pictures in deep space.
它收到了新的相机,新的电池和陀螺仪,一个宇宙起源光谱图,并再次期望在深空再拍摄十年.
As it continues to orbit Earth at 17,000 miles per hour, the Hubble’s reflecting telescopes, high- powered cameras, sensors, and other tools act as “eyes” to the universe.
当哈勃的反射望远镜、高功率相机、传感器和其他工具继续以每小时一万七千英里的速度运行地球时,
In its first twenty years, these eyes have recorded more than 45 terabytes of data, which is enough information to fill about 5,800 DVDs.
在其最初的20年中,这些眼睛记录了超过45个立方字节的数据,这足以填补了约5800个DVD.
The Hubble helped scientists understand star birth and death, black holes, and the evolution of galaxies.
哈勃号帮助科学家们了解了恒星的生与死,黑洞,以及星系的进化.
First Satellites Famous scientist Isaac Newton first came up with the idea for an artificial satellite in 1687 after realizing that Earth’s gravity held the Moon in its orbit.
第一颗卫星 著名科学家艾萨克·牛顿在意识到地心引力将月球控制在轨道上后,于1687年首次提出人造卫星的想法.
The former Soviet Union took Newton’s advice almost 300 years later when it launched the first object into space, the satellite Sputnik I.
前苏联在将近300年后将第一颗天体即"人造卫星一"发射入太空时采纳了牛顿的建议.
Sputnik I was about the size of a basketball and had four antennas that sent out radio signals.
人造卫星 我差不多是一个篮球的大小,有四个天线发出无线电信号。
It circled Earth in 98 minutes in an elliptical orbit.
它在98分钟后在椭圆轨道上环绕地球.
The launch of Sputnik I surprised Americans and marked the beginning of the space race between the two countries.
Sputnik一号的发射令美国人惊讶并标志着两国太空竞赛的开始.
After six months, Sputnik I slowly fell back to Earth, burning up in the atmosphere.
六个月后,斯普特尼克一世慢慢地倒回了地球,在大气层中被燃烧.
Living Cargo To prove that a living thing could survive in space, the Soviet Union sent a dog, named Laika, aboard its second satellite, Sputnik I I in 1957.
活货 为了证明活物能在太空中活下来,苏联于1957年派出了一只名叫"莱卡"的狗上它的第二颗卫星"人造卫星一号".
She became the world’s first space traveler.
她成为世界上第一位太空旅行者.
Sadly, Sputnik I I was not made to return to Earth and Laika died.
可悲的是,"人造卫星一号"我并没有被逼回地球,而莱卡也死了.
The International Space Station Space stations allow astronauts to live and work while orbiting Earth for extended periods of time.
国际空间站 空间站允许宇航员在环绕地球轨道长时间地生活和工作.
In 2000, the first crew boarded the International Space Station, or ISS.
2000年,第一批机组人员登上国际空间站,即国际空间站。
Then, it was the newest and largest thing in space.
然后,这是太空中最新鲜和最大的东西。
Before the ISS, the Russian space station, Mir, was the largest and most famous space station ever built.
在国际空间站之前,俄罗斯空间站"和平号"是有史以来所建造的最大和最出名的空间站.
This 130-ton station stayed in space for 15 years.
这个130吨级的站台在太空停留了15年.
Mir’s final size was about 98 feet long and 45 feet wide and had six components.
和平号的最终尺寸为约98英尺长和45英尺宽并有6个组件.
By 2010, the ISS had grown to be about four times larger than Mir, with a living and work space equal to a 747 jumbo- jet.
到2010年,国际空间站已经发展到大约比和平号大四倍,其生活和工作空间相当于一架747 jumbo-喷气式飞机。
The ISS has almost an acre of solar panels to power it!
国际空间站拥有一英亩的太阳能电池板来为它提供动力!
ISS travels in low-Earth orbit about 250 miles (402 km) up, which allows people and equipment to be ferried back and forth with launch vehicles, such as Russia’s Soyuz rocket or the U.
国际空间站在大约250英里(402公里)上行走的低地轨道上行驶,这使得人们和设备能够被运载着运载火箭,如俄罗斯的联盟号火箭或U型运载火箭前后相接.
S.
师曰.
space shuttle.
航天飞机。
The ISS can make excellent Earth observations because it covers 85 percent of the globe at this orbit.
国际空间站能够进行出色的地球观测,因为它覆盖了地球85%的轨道。
The ISS has the most state-of-the-art laboratory in orbit.
国际空间站拥有轨道上最先进的实验室。
Scientists hope to make many discoveries that will help people all over the world.
科学家们希望做出许多发现 帮助全世界人民
Some of the research will include: testing the effects of long-term low gravity on humans, spaceflight-induced bone loss, and long-term observing of Earth’s environment.
其中一些研究将包括:测试长期低重力对人类的影响、由空间飞行引起的骨骼损失以及对地球环境的长期观测。
Space Partners The International Space Station is a joint effort of 16 countries: the United States, Canada, Japan, Russia, 1 1 countries from ESA, the European Space Agency, and Brazil.
空间伙伴 国际空间站是美国、加拿大、日本、俄罗斯、欧空局、欧洲空间局和巴西等16个国家的共同努力。
Each international partner contributes important elements, such as the highly maneuverable robotic arm built by Canada.
每个国际伙伴都贡献了重要内容,例如加拿大建造的高度可操作的机器人臂.
The Hubble Space Telescope is ad justed in orbit by astronauts in the space shuttle.
哈勃太空望远镜是由航天飞机中的宇航员在轨道上刚刚发布的广告.
Satellite Rescue After the Columbia space shuttle was launched in 1981, satellite rescue missions became easier.
卫星救援 1981年哥伦比亚号航天飞机发射后,卫星救援任务变得更加容易.
Technology on board the shuttles improved the chances of success.
航天飞机上的技术提高了成功的机会。
Manned Maneuvering Units, which looked like legless chairs strapped to an astronaut’s back, allowed astronauts to move freely outside the spacecraft without being tied to the shuttle.
载人操纵装置,看起来像系在宇航员后背上的无腿椅子,使宇航员可以在航天器外自由出行,而不必被绑在航天飞机上。
Robotic arms could snag satellites and retrieve them for use in different orbits.
机器人武器可以阻断卫星并将其取回用于不同轨道。
Since the U.
自从U.
S.
师曰.
Shuttle program shut down in 2011, NASA has tested and researched new techniques and equipment to ensure that there are other options for repairing satellites in orbit.
航天飞机方案于2011年关闭,NASA测试并研究了新技术和设备,以确保在轨道上修复卫星还有其他选择.
Satellite Funerals Space is a busy place, especially with space junk and thousands of aging satellites in low- Earth orbit.
卫星葬礼 空间是一个繁忙的地方,特别是空间垃圾和数以千计的低地轨道老化卫星。
Currently there is no international law that says old satellites must be removed from their orbit.
目前没有任何国际法规定必须将旧卫星从轨道上移出。
Objects in orbit above 500 miles (804 km) can stay there for thousands of years!
轨道上500英里(804公里)以上的物体可以在那里停留上千年!
Over time, satellites in some orbits get pulled back into Earth’s atmosphere where they most often burn up before reaching the ground.
随着时间的推移,一些轨道上的卫星被拖回地球大气层,在到达地面之前,它们经常被烧毁。
NASA and other agencies are working with innovative ideas to get rid of aging satellite traffic in space.
美国航天局和其他机构正在用创新的想法来消除卫星在空间的老化交通。
Conclusion Satellites are clearly here to stay.
卫星显然在这里停留。
Continually evolving satellite technology will continue to change our lives even more in the future.
不断演变的卫星技术今后将继续更能改变我们的生活。
One recent development is Internet Routing In Space (IRIS), which allows for more instant transfer of voice, video, and data communication to remote areas.
最近的一项发展是互联网在空间的运行(IRIS),它使得语音、视频和数据通信能够更迅速地转移到偏远地区。
Researchers have recently developed satellite-imaging programs that let farmers track herd animals or monitor water supplies and irrigation levels.
研究人员最近开发出卫星成像方案,让农民跟踪牲畜或监测供水和灌溉水平。
Improving satellite technology adds greatly to scientific knowledge.
改进卫星技术极大地增加了科学知识。
Satellites make it possible for us to communicate information quickly to people all over the world.
卫星使我们能够迅速向全世界人民传播信息。
Satellite images help us to come up with better ways to protect our planet.
卫星图像有助于我们找到更好的方法来保护我们的星球。
Research satellites will continue to probe our galaxy, helping us unravel the mysteries of the universe.
研究卫星将继续探测我们的银河系 帮助我们解开宇宙的奥秘
The space race began with the launch of Russia’s basketball-sized Sputnik I (right) and Sputnik I I (left) in 1 957.
太空竞赛从俄罗斯篮球尺寸的斯普特尼克一号(右)和斯普特尼克一号(左)于一九五七年发射起.
Glossary artificial human-made objects that orbit other satellites (n.)
围绕其他卫星运行的人造物体(n.)
objects in space (p.
空间物体(p.
4) astronomical research satellites to monitor waves satellites (n.)
4)天文研究卫星来监测波子卫星(n.
and particles in deep space (p.
和深空粒子(p.
16) bus (n.)
16) 公交车 (n.
the body of a satellite; contains basic functions and equipment (p.
(一) 卫星体;
6) communication satellites that pick up sound, picture, satellites (n.)
(6)接收声音,图片,卫星的通信卫星 (n.
and telephone signals (p.
和电话信号(p.
11) environmental satellites that monitor how the Earth is satellites (n.)
11) 监测地球如何成为卫星的环境卫星(n.)
changing (p.
更改(第5页)
12) GPS (n.)
12）GPS（全球定位系统，名词）
Global Positioning System, uses radio signals from satellites to pinpoint locations (p.
全球定位系统,使用从卫星到指定位置的无线电信号(p.
16) gravity (n.)
16)重力(n.
the Earth’s force that pulls everything to its center (p.
地球的力量把一切拉到它的中心(p.
8) low-Earth an orbit close to the Earth, 200–500 miles orbit (n.)
8)低地一轨道接近地球,200–500英里轨道(n.
(321–804 km) high (p.
(321-804公里)高(p.
8) meteorologists scientists that study the Earth’s (n.)
8) 研究地球的气象学家(n.
atmosphere, climate, and weather (p.
大气、气候和天气(p.
15) navigational satellites that help ships and planes satellites (n.)
15) 帮助船舶和飞机卫星的导航卫星(n.
know where they are (p.
了解它们的位置(p.
16) orbits (n.)
16)轨道(n.
the paths of objects around others (p.
对象周围的路径(p.
4) payload (n.)
4)有效载荷(n.)
part of a satellite that carries tools (p.
携带工具的卫星的一部分(p.
6) polar orbit (n.)
6)极地轨道 (n.
orbiting the North and South poles (p.
围绕南北两极(p.
10) reconnaissance satellites that gather information satellites (n.)
10) 收集信息卫星的侦察卫星(n.)
about other countries (p.
关于其他国家的报告(p.
12) weather satellites that monitor weather (p.
12) 监测天气的气象卫星(p.
15) satellites (n.)
15) 卫星(n.)
Index artificial satellites, 4–6, 8, 18 bus, 6 Columbia space shuttle, 21 communication satellites, 11, 14 downlinking, 7 Earth observational satellites, 12 Earth Station, 7 elliptical orbit, 10, 18 environmental satellites, 12 Global Positioning System, 16 gravity, 8, 18, 20 Hubble Space Telescope, 17, 20 International Space Station, 19, 20 low-Earth orbit, 8–10, 17, 20, 21 meteorologists, 15 military, or spy, satellites, 12–14 Mir, 19 Moon, 4, 16, 18 NASA, 9, 21 orbit(s), 4, 5, 8–11, 15, 17–20 orbiting, 8, 19 payload, 6 polar orbit, 10 research, 19, 20, 22 sensors, 7, 17 solar energy, 6 Sputnik I and II, 18 Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI/STAR WARS), 13 uplinking, 7 weather, 15 weather satellite, 15 Explore More On the Internet, use www.
指数人造卫星,4-6、8、18公交、6个哥伦比亚航天飞机、21个通信卫星、11个、14个下行链路、7个地球观测卫星、12个地球站、7个椭圆轨道、10个、18个环境卫星、12个全球定位系统、16个重力、8个、18个、20个哈勃空间望远镜、17个、20个国际空间站、19个低地轨道、8-10、17个、20个气象学家、15个军事或间谍、卫星、12-14个和平号、19个月球、4个、16个、18个美国航天局、9个21个轨道、4个5个、8-11个、15个、17个20个轨道、8个有效载荷、6个极地轨道、10个研究、19个、20个、22个传感器、7个太阳能、6个斯普特尼克一号和二号、18个战略防御倡议(SDI/STAR WARS)、13个上行、7个气象卫星、15个气象卫星、15个探索因特网,使用www.
google.
Google (英语).
com to find out more about the topics presented in this book.
了解本书的主题
Use terms from the text, or try searching for glossary or index words.
使用文本中的术语,或者尝试搜索词汇或索引词.
Some searches to try: satellites, Global Positioning System, or Hubble Space Telescope.
一些搜索尝试:卫星,全球定位系统,或哈勃太空望远镜.