Rachel Carson
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
TABLE OF CONTENTS An Early Warning.
早期警报表。
4 Starting Out.
4开始。
5 The Writer and the Sea.
5"作家与海".
9 A Book That Started a Movement.
9 一本开始运动的书。
12 A Role Model for Today.
12 《今日角色模型》。
18 Glossary.
18 词汇。
AN EARLY WARNING For months, Rachel Carson had been reading the research coming across her desk.
预警：几个月来，蕾切尔·卡森一直在阅读送到她办公桌上的研究资料。
The year was 1945, and she worked as a scientist and editor in chief for the U.
该年是1945年,她为"U"做科学家和主编.
S.
师曰.
Fish & Wildlife Service.
鱼类和野生动物服务局。
It was her job to edit the department’s reports.
她的职责是编辑部门的报告。
Other wildlife biologists were raising concerns about a common pesticide known as DDT.
其他野生动物生物学家正在对一种被称作滴滴涕的常见农药提出关切。
DDT killed mosquitoes and other pests.
滴滴涕杀死了蚊子和其他害虫。
However, researchers reported that wherever it was sprayed, birds and other wildlife were also dying.
然而,研究人员报告说,无论喷洒在哪里,鸟类和其他野生动物也在死亡.
Tests raised concerns about its long-term effects on humans as well, but government officials ignored these reports.
测试也使人们担心其对人类的长期影响,但政府官员忽视了这些报告。
That July, Carson wrote to Reader’s Digest, a popular American magazine.
7月,卡森写信给美国受欢迎的杂志《读者文摘》。
She proposed writing an article about DDT and its negative effects.
她提议撰写一篇文章,介绍滴滴涕及其负面影响。
The publication was not interested, so Carson turned to other work.
该出版物没有兴趣,于是卡森转向了其他作品.
Twelve years later, DDT was being used more than ever, and it again came to Carson’s attention.
十二年后,滴滴涕的使用比以往任何时候都多,它再次被卡森所关注.
By this time, however, she was a best-selling author.
然而,此时她已是畅销作家.
She would use her new fame to help protect the natural world she loved.
她会利用她的新名声来帮助保护她所爱的自然世界.
How?
怎么会?
By telling people the truth.
通过告诉人们真相。
S TARTING OUT Exploring nature was among Rachel Louise Carson’s earliest and happiest memories.
打开 探索自然是瑞秋·路易丝·卡森最早和最快乐的记忆之一。
Born in 1907, she grew up on a large homestead in western Pennsylvania.
生于1907年,她成长于宾夕法尼亚州西部的一个大型住宅区.
Rachel was the youngest of three children.
瑞秋是三个孩子中最小的孩子.
As a young girl, she and her mother, Maria, spent many days wandering their land and watching wildlife.
作为一个年轻女孩,她和她的母亲玛丽亚花了很多天在他们的地上徘徊并观看野生动物.
Rachel also loved to read and was soon writing and illustrating her own picture books about birds and other animals.
瑞秋也喜欢阅读,并很快写作并描绘出她自己的关于鸟类和其他动物的图片书籍.
She even published stories in a popular children’s magazine.
她甚至发表在受欢迎的儿童杂志上的故事.
By the age of ten, she already knew she wanted to be a writer.
到了十岁,她已经知道自己想成为一名作家.
Maria Carson was determined that her bright, hardworking daughter would have a chance to go to college.
玛丽亚·卡森(Maria Carson)决心,她聪明而勤奋的女儿会有机会上大学.
The family was always short on money, though.
不过家里总是缺钱
Robert Carson, Rachel’s father, struggled to keep a job.
雷切尔的父亲罗伯特·卡森(Robert Carson)为保住工作而挣扎.
Maria taught piano, did odd jobs, and sold her china dishes to earn money for Rachel’s education.
玛丽亚教钢琴,做杂活,并卖出她的瓷盘来为瑞秋的教育赚钱.
A young Rachel Carson In 1925, Rachel Carson enrolled at a nearby college.
1925年,一位年轻的瑞秋·卡森,瑞秋·卡森入读了附近的一所学院.
She arrived there planning to study English, but a biology course changed her life, and the professor became a mentor to Carson as well as a lifelong friend.
她来到这里计划学习英语,但是一个生物学课程改变了她的生活,教授也成为了卡森的导师以及终身的朋友.
Carson switched her degree to zoology—the study of animal life—and excelled.
卡森把学位转到动物学——动物生命研究——并取得了卓越的成绩.
She graduated with high honors in June 1929.
1929年6月她以高荣誉毕业.
As a teenage girl, Carson had fallen in love with the sea through books.
作为一个十几岁的女孩,卡森通过书爱上了大海.
The summer after graduation, she visited the ocean for the first time.
毕业后夏天,她首次出访出海.
She was invited to do research at a marine biology lab on the coast of Massachusetts.
她被邀请去马萨诸塞州海岸的一个海洋生物学实验室进行研究.
Carson attended the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, which is dedicated to the study of marine science.
卡森出席了专门研究海洋科学的伍兹霍尔海洋学研究所.
Once there, she studied marine creatures up close and in their natural habitats.
在那里,她研究了近距离和自然栖息地的海洋生物。
For Carson, it was a summer of bliss surrounded by aquatic scientists.
对卡森来说,那是一个充满幸福的夏天 被水生科学家包围着
She later credited her time there as inspiration for her work.
她后来将她在那里的时间记为她的作品的灵感.
Carson had already been accepted at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, for further studies in zoology.
卡森已经在马里兰州巴尔的摩的约翰·霍普金斯大学被录取,从事动物学的进一步研究.
However, money problems continued to weigh on her family.
然而,她的家庭仍然面临金钱问题。
Rachel’s parents moved to Baltimore to live with her.
瑞秋的父母搬到巴尔的摩与她同住.
Working as a lab assistant, she became the family’s main financial support even as she continued her studies.
她担任实验室助理,即使在她继续学习时,她也成为了家庭的主要财政支持.
In 1932, Carson completed her master’s degree.
1932年,卡森完成了她的硕士学位.
She had hoped to go on and get her doctorate—the highest degree possible—but two years later she was forced to quit the program for financial reasons.
她本来希望继续获得尽可能高的博士学位,但两年后,她因经济原因被迫退出该方案。
Carson’s love of writing soon came into play.
卡森对写作的热爱很快上演.
Carson in 1932 Rachel Carson and other female ecologists have often had to struggle for respect and recognition.
1932年的卡森·瑞秋·卡森和其他女性生态学家经常不得不为尊重和认可而奋斗.
Despite this, women have made great contributions to the environmental movement.
尽管如此,妇女仍为环境运动做出了重大贡献。
Here are a few.
这里有一些。
HEROINES of ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Marjory Stoneman Douglas (1890–1998) Douglas was a determined defender of Florida’s wetlands.
环境科学英雄 马乔里·斯通曼·道格拉斯(1890-1998) 道格拉斯是佛罗里达湿地的坚定捍卫者。
Her 1947 book The Everglades: River of Grass helped save that important ecosystem from development.
她1947年的书 埃弗格莱兹人: 草地河有助于使这一重要生态系统免于被开发。
Margaret Thomas Murie (1902–2003) For almost forty years, Murie studied the wilderness and wildlife of Alaska and Wyoming.
玛格丽特·托马斯·穆里(1902-2003) 近40年来,穆里研究了阿拉斯加和怀俄明的荒野和野生动物.
She helped establish the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and campaigned for federal protections of other wilderness areas.
她帮助建立了"北极国家野生动物保护区",并发起了对其他荒野地区的联邦保护运动.
Wangari Maathai (1940–2011) Maathai was a biologist from Kenya who founded the Green Belt Movement.
Wangari Maathai (1940–2011) Maathai是一位来自肯尼亚的生物学家,他创立了"绿带运动".
The program trained Kenyan women to plant trees and restore deforested areas.
该方案培训肯尼亚妇女植树和恢复被砍伐的林地。
For her work in conservation and women’s rights, she was awarded the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize.
由于她在保护工作和妇女权利方面的工作,她被授予了2004年诺贝尔和平奖.
Jane Goodall (1934–) Goodall pioneered the study of wild chimpanzees in Tanzania.
简·古道尔(1934-) 古道尔率先研究了坦桑尼亚的野生黑猩猩.
She remains an international champion for the preservation of wildlife and animal habitats.
她仍然是保护野生动物和动物栖息地的国际卫士.
Greta Thunberg (2003–) The teenaged activist has inspired an international student movement demanding that governments address climate change.
格雷塔·通贝里(2003-) 要求政府应对气候变化。
THE WRITER AND THE SEA In 1936, Carson took a part-time position in Washington, D.
海洋作家：1936年，卡森在华盛顿特区找到了一份兼职工作。
C.
C组
, in what would become the U.
在什么会变成U。
S.
师曰.
Fish & Wildlife Service (FWS).
鱼类和野生生物服务。
She was first tasked with writing short radio scripts about marine life.
她最初的任务是撰写关于海洋生物的短篇广播剧本.
A year later, she was named an assistant aquatic biologist.
一年后,她被命名为助理水生生物学家.
The position allowed Carson to combine her scientific knowledge and writing talent.
该职位使卡森能够将自己的科学知识和写作天赋结合起来.
She explained complex environmental science in ways the average reader could not just understand but also enjoy.
她以普通读者不仅理解而且享受的方式解释了复杂的环境科学。
Carson excelled and soon rose to the position of editor in chief of all publications.
卡森表现优异,并很快升为所有出版物的编辑。
On the side, she wrote science articles for magazines and newspapers to bring in extra cash.
在侧面,她为杂志和报纸撰写了科学文章来带来额外的现金.
Her father had died in 1935, but Carson was still supporting her mother and other family members.
她的父亲曾于1935年去世,但卡森仍在支持她的母亲和其他家庭成员.
In 1941, Carson published her first book, Under the Sea Wind.
1941年,卡森出版了她的第一本书"海风下".
With poetic style, it described marine life in the sea and along the seashore.
它以诗作风格,描述了海中和海滨的海洋生物.
Book critics praised it for being beautifully written and scientifically accurate.
书评人称赞其写作精美,科学准确.
However, Americans had turned their attention to fighting World War II (1939–1945), and it did not sell as well as Carson had hoped.
然而,美国人将注意力转向了对抗二战(1939–1945),它并没有像卡森所希望的那样卖出.
Under the Sea Wind Carson did not realize it yet, but she was in an ideal place for her life’s work.
在"海风""卡森"下,她还没有意识到这一点,但她处于她一生工作的理想地步.
Her projects sharpened her writing skills to a fine point.
她的作品使她的写作技巧更加精明.
At the same time, she was studying the latest research by expert scientists.
同时她还研究了专家科学家的最新研究.
When vacations were possible, she and her mother escaped to the seashore.
当假期有可能的时候,她和母亲逃到海边去.
There, Carson would lose herself watching birds, exploring tidal pools, and tramping across mud flats in search of natural wonders.
在那里,卡森会失去自己观察鸟类,探索潮汐池,并践踏过泥地平地来寻找自然奇观.
In 1951, Carson published The Sea Around Us.
1951年,卡森发表 我们周围的海
Like her previous title, it took readers on a voyage across and into the ocean using clear yet graceful language.
与她之前的标题一样,它让读者用清晰而优雅的语言游过并入海.
Experts and nonexperts loved it, and critics praised it in glowing terms.
专家和非专家都很喜欢它,批评家们用发光的术语来称赞它.
This time, her book was a huge success.
这一次,她的书是一个巨大的成功。
The Sea Around Us landed on the New York Times best-seller list, where it stayed for eighty-six weeks.
环绕大海 我们登上纽约时报畅销书榜 在那里停留了86周
Carson won the National Book Award for Nonfiction as well as other important prizes.
卡森获得了国家图书奖"非虚构"等重要奖项.
Carson receives the National Book Award for Nonfiction in 1952.
卡森于1952年获得"非虚构"国家图书奖.
Her earnings allowed her to leave the FWS in 1952 to write full-time.
她的收入让她在1952年离开FWS去全职写作.
She also built a cottage on the rugged coast of Maine.
她还在缅因州崎岖的海岸上建造了一座小屋.
There, the ocean was right outside her door.
那里,大海就在她门外
Carson had many other subjects she wished to write about.
卡森还有许多她想写的主题
One in particular would turn out to be her most important work of all.
特别是她最重要的工作。
Carson in 1952 The Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1966, not far from the cottage where Carson spent her summers.
1952年卡森 1966年建立了瑞秋·卡森国家野生动物保护区,离卡森度过了夏天的小屋不远.
The refuge stretches along 50 miles (80 km) of coastline near Kennebunkport, Maine.
避难所沿着缅因州肯内本克港附近的50英里(80公里)海岸线延伸.
It protects important wetlands and coastal habitat used by migratory birds and other wildlife.
它保护候鸟和其他野生动物使用的重要湿地和沿海栖息地.
The refuge welcomes about three hundred thousand bird-watchers and other nature lovers each year.
避难所每年接待约30万观鸟人和其他自然爱好者.
R ACH E L’S R EFUGE A BOOK THAT STARTED A MOVEMENT The future of science and technology seemed bright after World War II.
开始移动的书 二战后,科学技术的未来似乎光明.
Scientists had released the power of atoms to create atomic bombs and nuclear energy.
科学家释放出原子制造原子弹和核能的力量.
In medicine, antibiotics were saving countless lives by killing infections.
在医学方面,抗生素通过杀死感染而挽救了无数人的生命.
There seemed to be no challenge that science couldn’t meet.
科学似乎不会遇到任何挑战。
Controlling destructive insects was one of those challenges.
控制破坏性昆虫是这些挑战之一。
Pesticides such as DDT were the main weapon in this battle.
滴滴涕等农药是这场战斗的主要武器。
Trucks would roll down neighborhood streets and spray the chemical over houses and gardens.
卡车会掉到街上 把化学物质喷到房子和花园上
Aircraft dropped it on forests and fields.
飞机把它扔到森林和地上
Government officials said there was nothing to worry about.
政府官员说,没有什么可担心的。
In July 1945, a young beachgoer is sprayed with DDT as a new machine is tested for the first time.
1945年7月,一名年轻的海滩猎人被喷出滴滴涕来作为新机器首次被测试.
By 1957, though, Carson’s doubts about pesticides had been renewed.
不过到1957年,卡森对杀虫剂的疑虑已经再现.
She had read the reports about DDT during her time with the FWS.
在她与战地安全机构合作期间,她阅读了有关滴滴涕的报告。
Now she was hearing reports from biologists and naturalists.
现在她正在听到生物学家和自然学家的报告。
They described dead and dying bird populations in places where DDT was used.
他们描述了使用滴滴涕的地方已死亡和正在死亡的鸟类种群。
Fish were being poisoned.
鱼被下毒了
Helpful insects like butterflies and bees were dying, too.
蝴蝶和蜜蜂等有帮助的昆虫也快死了
Carson began collecting information for a new book.
卡森开始为一本新书收集信息.
Her research revealed the likelihood that the chemicals in pesticides and herbicides could cause serious illness in humans, too, including cancer.
她的研究表明,农药和除草剂中的化学品也可能给人类造成严重疾病,包括癌症。
Still, Carson knew her evidence had to be rock solid.
不过,卡森知道 她的证据必须是坚固的。
She would be questioning whether huge chemical companies were poisoning people as well as wildlife.
她会质疑大型化学公司是否在毒害人类和野生动物。
Her friends warned her that these giant businesses would do everything in their power to destroy her reputation.
她的朋友警告她,这些巨型企业会竭尽所能来破坏她的名声.
As she finished her drafts, she sent every chapter to experts for them to fact-check.
在她写完草稿时,她把每一章都发给专家,请他们核实事实。
Salmon and butterflies were among the many victims of DDT.
沙门和蝴蝶是滴滴涕的许多受害者之一。
Even as she continued this work, Carson faced serious personal challenges.
即使她继续这项工作,卡森也面临着严重的个人挑战.
In 1957, one of her nieces died, leaving Carson to care for her young great-nephew.
1957年她的一个外甥女去世了,让卡森照顾她年轻的大侄子.
A year later, her beloved mother passed away.
一年后,她所爱的母亲去世.
Then in 1960, Carson learned she had cancer.
后来在1960年,卡森得知她得了癌症.
Progress on the book was slowed by surgery, treatments, and periods of intense pain.
该书的进展被外科手术,治疗和剧烈疼痛时期所减缓.
In September 1962, Silent Spring was released.
1962年9月,"静春"发行.
The title described a world where birds and insects no longer sang or buzzed because chemicals had wiped them out.
标题描述了一个世界,鸟类和昆虫不再被歌唱或鸣叫,因为化学物质已经消灭了它们.
In the book, Carson carefully laid out the scientific evidence about the impact of pesticides and herbicides on the environment.
在书中,卡森仔细地阐述了农药和除草剂对环境所产生影响的科学证据.
It also raised questions about ways they might harm human health.
它还提出了关于它们可能伤害人类健康的方式的问题。
Silent Spring stayed on the best-seller list for more than a year.
静春留入畅销榜一年多.
It ignited a national debate about the safety of using chemicals to control nature.
它引发了一场关于使用化学品控制自然的安全性的全国性辩论。
Carson’s third book has been translated into more than thirty languages.
卡森的第三本书被翻译成了30多种语言.
The chickadee is one of many birds discussed in Silent Spring.
花鸟是寂静之春讨论过的许多鸟类之一.
Carson did not call for a total ban on these chemicals.
卡森并没有呼吁全面禁止这些化学品.
However, she did urge the government to test them more carefully and regulate them more closely.
然而,她确实敦促政府更仔细地检验它们,并更仔细地加以管理。
She also urged readers to consider the long- term dangers of poisoning the environment.
她还敦促读者考虑给环境下毒的长期危险。
Again, she displayed her talent for explaining complex science in ways that nonscientists could grasp.
她再次展现出她以非科学家能够掌握的方式解释复杂科学的才华.
As predicted, chemical manufacturers attacked.
如所料,化学制造商发动了攻击。
They criticized Carson’s research and qualifications—some simply because she was a woman.
他们批评了卡森的研究和资历,有些只是因为她是女性。
She was accused of being antibusiness and a nature fanatic.
她被指控为"反商业"和"自然狂热".
They said she would rather see people starve than use chemicals to make sure there was enough to eat.
他们说她宁愿看到人们饿死,也不愿使用化学品来确保有足够的食物.
Carson testifies before a Senate subcommittee in June 1963.
卡森在1963年6月的参议院小组委员会作证.
In the months that followed, Carson calmly explained her position in speeches and interviews.
在随后的几个月里,卡森在演讲和采访中冷静地解释了自己的立场.
Other scientists defended her research and conclusions.
其他科学家为她的研究和结论辩护.
Despite her failing health, Carson testified before members of the U.
尽管她身体不适,卡森还是在U成员面前作证.
S.
师曰.
Senate.
参议院。
President John F.
总统约翰·F.
Kennedy and other political leaders pointed to Silent Spring as proof that the government needed to study environmental policies more carefully.
肯尼迪等政治领导人指出"寂静之春"是政府需要更仔细地研究环境政策的证明.
In the summer of 1963, Carson and her great- nephew returned to the coast of Maine for a much- needed break.
1963年夏天,卡森和她的曾外甥回到缅因州海岸进行非常需要的休息.
Her cottage there was her favorite place in the world.
她的小屋是她最喜欢的地方
It would be her last visit.
这将是她最后一次拜访。
Carson looks down the coast in 1961.
1961年卡森向下望去海岸.
THE TROUBLE W ITH DDT When an animal eats other animals below it in a food chain, it ingests the DDT found in their tissues.
二. 滴滴涕问题 当动物在食物链中食用其下方的其他动物时,会摄取其组织中发现的滴滴涕.
The chemical builds up— biomagnifies—as it moves up the food chain.
这种化学品在食物链上移动时会积聚——生物放大作用。
One example of how DDT moves through an ecosystem is shown here.
以下举例说明了滴滴涕如何穿过生态系统。
The same process occurs on land, but with plants at the bottom of the food chain.
同样的过程在陆地上发生,但植物在食物链下方.
BIOMAGNIFICATION OF DDT In 1939, the Swiss scientist Paul Müller developed what seemed like a miracle pesticide: dichloro-diphenyl- trichloroethane, or DDT for short.
滴滴涕的生物标志化 1939年,瑞士科学家Paul Müller研制出一种似乎奇迹般的农药: 二氯-二苯基-三氯乙烷,或简称为DDT.
It killed insects but seemed to leave birds and other animals unharmed.
它杀死了昆虫 但似乎没有伤害到鸟类和其他动物
It helped stop large outbreaks of insect-spread diseases such as malaria and typhus.
它帮助阻止了诸如疟疾和斑疹伤寒等昆虫传播疾病的大规模爆发。
Müller was awarded the Nobel Prize for his research.
穆勒因其研究被授予诺贝尔奖.
DDT was used widely to control insect pests in the 1940s and 1950s.
滴滴涕在1940年代和1950年代被广泛用于控制昆虫.
However, biologists eventually found that its poisons built up in the tissues of animals, a process called biomagnification.
然而,生物学家最终发现其毒物会积聚在动物的组织中,这个过程叫做生物放大.
What seemed harmless at first caused problems over time.
起初看起来无害的事物随着时间推移而引起问题.
For birds, it left their eggs brittle and prone to breaking.
对于鸟类来说,它留下了它们的蛋脆而易被打碎.
Some bird populations fell by more than 80 percent, including bald eagles, the U.
一些鸟类种群下降了80%以上,包括秃鹰,U.
S.
师曰.
national bird.
国鸟.
Silent Spring put a spotlight on DDT and its effects.
寂静之春使人们关注滴滴涕及其影响。
More research was done, and the U.
做了更多的研究,还有U.
S.
师曰.
government banned its use in 1972.
1972年政府禁止了该物质的使用。
Populations of bald eagles and other species rebounded.
秃鹰和其他物种的数量回升。
A ROLE MODEL FOR TODAY “Conservation is a cause that has no end,” Carson said in a 1963 speech.
卡森在1963年的一次演讲中说,今天的“养护是一个没有结束的事业”。
“There is no point at which we will say ‘our work is finished.’
“我们没有理由说`我们的工作已经完成了。 " ; "
” She died the next year, but her vision of protecting the natural world lived on.
“ 次年她去世了,但她保护自然世界的愿景却得以延续.
In fact, it took on a life of its own.
事实上,它花了自己的生命。
It is no exaggeration to say that Silent Spring helped inspire the environmental movement that followed.
说寂静之春有助于激励随后的环境运动,这是毫不夸张的。
More Americans questioned the use of pesticides as well as uncontrolled pollution.
更多的美国人质疑杀虫剂的使用以及不受控制的污染.
Carson’s writing contributed to new laws to protect wilderness and wildlife as well as people.
卡森的著作有助于制定新的法律来保护荒野和野生动物以及人民。
They included the Clean Air Act (1963), the Wilderness Act (1964), the Clean Water Act (1972), and the Endangered Species Act (1972).
其中包括"清洁空气法"(1963年),"荒野法"(1964年),"清洁水法"(1972年)和"濒危物种法"(1972年).
The pesticide DDT caused the number of bald eagles in the continental United States to plummet.
农药滴滴涕导致美国大陆秃鹰数量暴跌.
By 1963, just 417 pairs were found nesting there.
到1963年,在那里只发现了417对巢.
Today, thanks in part to Rachel Carson, that number is nearly 10,000.
今天,部分由于雷切尔·卡森,这个数字是近一万.
Carson’s environmentalism grew out of her love of nature.
卡森的环境主义源于她对自然的热爱.
She was fascinated by the beauty and science of ecosystems.
她对生态系统的美丽和科学很着迷.
Her life’s work was communicating that joy, believing that people would protect what they loved.
相信人们会保护自己所爱的东西。
She thought of humans as belonging to the natural world, not as its enemies.
她认为人类属于自然世界,而不是它的敌人.
Carson and a cat keep company at her home in Maine in 1961.
1961年卡森和一只猫在她位于缅因州的家中陪伴.
Today, wilderness areas and wildlife populations continue to shrink.
今天,荒地和野生生物数量继续减少。
Threats to the environment are greater than ever, including the global danger of climate change.
对环境的威胁比以往任何时候都多,包括气候变化的全球危险。
At the same time, environmental awareness and activism have grown.
与此同时,环境意识和积极性也有所增强。
With her determination, courage, and passion, Rachel Carson remains a hero and role model for the challenges we face.
凭借她的决心,勇气和激情,瑞秋·卡森仍然是我们所面临挑战的英雄和榜样.
GLOSSARY activism (n.)
词汇表：行动主义（名词）
the work of or the belief in bringing about social or political change (p.
实现社会或政治变革的工作或信念(p.
19) aquatic (adj.)
19) 水生 (adj.
of or relating to the plants and animals living in or near water (p.
或与生活在水中或水附近的植物和动物有关(p.
7) conservation (n.)
7) 保护 (n.
(adj.)
(中文(简体) ).