Past and Present
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents To Be the Best in the World.
目录 成为世界上最好的。
4 The Ancient Olympic Games.
4 古代奥林匹克运动会.
5 The Olympics Revived.
5,奥运复兴.
10 The Olympics Evolve.
10 奥运会进取.
14 Today’s Olympics.
14 今日奥运会.
19 Glossary.
19 词汇表。
23 To Be the Best in the World Citius, Altius, Fortius.
23 为"世界最佳"(Citius),"阿尔提斯","福特"(Fortius).
These three Latin words, meaning “Faster, Higher, Stronger,” are the motto of the Olympic Games.
这三个拉丁语单词,意为"快,高,强",是奥林匹克运动会的座右铭.
All athletes who excel in any sport strive to outperform their competitors.
所有在任何运动中表现优异的运动员都努力超越其竞争对手.
But in Olympic competitions, winning means even more.
但在奥运会比赛中,取胜的意义更大.
Athletes who win Olympic gold medals are the best in all the world.
获得奥运会金牌的运动员是全球最佳运动员.
Did you ever wonder where the Olympic Games came from?
你有没有想过奥运会是哪里来的?
The Olympics began in ancient Greece and have a long history of promoting peaceful competition.
奥运会从古希腊开始,具有促进和平竞争的悠久历史.
Many cities around the world compete for the honor of holding the Games.
世界各地多地城市竞相获得举办奥运会的荣誉.
Hosting the Summer Olympics or Winter Olympics makes a city part of the Games’ rich tradition.
主办夏季奥运会或冬季奥运会使城市成为该运动会丰富传统的一部分.
María Colón of Cuba throws to win the women’s javelin final.
古巴的玛丽亚·科隆(María Colón)为赢得女子javelin决赛而出道.
She set a world and Olympic record of 68.
她创造了68个世界和奥运纪录.
4 meters on July 25, 1980.
1980年7月25日为4米.
Ancient Olympic Games The ancient Greeks held regional athletic competitions throughout Greece for centuries, and many of the events were intended to honor important Greek deities.
古代奥林匹克运动会 古希腊人在整个希腊进行了数个世纪的地区体育比赛,许多赛事都是为了纪念重要的希腊神.
Each city-state in Greece had its own government and laws as well as its own army.
希腊的每个城邦都有自己的政府和法律以及自己的军队。
City-states clashed with one another frequently—both in war and in athletic contests.
城市各州在战争和田径比赛中经常发生冲突。
Ancient writings say that a central, organized festival of competition began in Olympia, Greece, in 776 bc, although many historians believe it was probably much earlier.
古代的著作说,一个中央,有组织的竞赛节从776 bc起于希腊的奥林匹亚,尽管许多历史学家认为这很可能更早.
The ancient Greeks actually held four different athletic competitions, one every year, each honoring a different god.
古希腊人实际上举办了四次不同的田径比赛,每年一次,每场比赛都要向不同的神致敬.
The Olympics was just one competition of the cycle, which is why the Summer Games and Winter Games are held every four years.
奥运会只是循环赛的一个比赛,因此夏季运动会和冬季运动会每四年举行一次.
The Olympics honored the king of the gods, Zeus, who lived on Mount Olympus.
奥运会向居住在奥林匹斯山上的神王宙斯致敬.
Because Zeus was the most important god of the Greek pantheon, the Olympics quickly became the most important athletic competition.
由于宙斯是希腊泛神教最重要的神,奥运会很快成为了最重要的体育比赛.
The earliest Olympics only included footraces, but the Games quickly expanded to include fourteen separate contests.
最早的奥运会只包括了徒步赛事,但奥运会很快就扩大到包括了14个单独的比赛.
Competitions in running, boxing, discus throwing, javelin throwing, wrestling, and jumping were held in a racetrack called a hippodrome.
跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跳跳跳跳跳跳跳跳 比赛在跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跳跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跳跑跑跑跳跳跳跳跳跳跳跳跳跳跳跳跳跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑跑
The ancient contests were much more freewheeling and violent than today’s events.
比起今天的事件,
Wrestlers could kick, punch, pull hair, and break bones, while charioteers often crashed into each other with painful and bloody results, especially at turns in the racetrack.
摔跤手可以踢出,拳打脚踢,拉出头发并打出骨折,而战车手往往会以痛苦和血腥的结果相撞,特别是在赛道上转弯.
Serious injuries and even deaths were common.
重伤甚至死亡是常见的。
Map of ancient Greece around the time of the first Olympic Games Mediterranean Sea Aegean Sea Black Sea Asia Minor Olympia Sparta Mount Olympus Eretria Rhodes Corinth Argos Thebes Ancient Greece Italy Delphi Crete Athens Ionian Sea Greek areas Other lands Greek city-states Zeus was the god of the sky in Greek mythology.
首届奥林匹克运动会地中海爱琴海 黑海 亚洲 小奥林匹亚·斯巴达·奥林匹亚·斯巴达·斯巴达·奥林匹亚·斯巴达·斯巴达·斯巴达·斯巴达·斯巴达斯 古希腊 意大利 Delphi Crete Athine Ionian Sea 希腊地区 其他土地 希腊城邦宙斯是希腊神话中的天空之神.
Thousands of spectators traveled from all across Greece to see the Games.
上千名观众从希腊各地出行观看奥运会.
Athletes trained for months, or even years, and were showered with glory when they won.
运动员训练了数月甚至数年,在获胜后被以荣耀相浴.
The only official prize was an olive branch from a sacred tree.
唯一的官方奖项是一棵圣树上的橄榄枝.
But Olympic champions were often given money by their hometowns to celebrate their victories.
但奥运会冠军经常被家乡给予钱来庆祝胜利.
Champions were also excused from paying taxes ever again.
冠军也被免除了再次纳税的特权.
The ancient Games provided important opportunities for trade and communication.
古代运动会为贸易和交流提供了重要机会.
People sold food and supplies, and provided lodging to visitors.
人们出售食物和用品,并为来访者提供住宿。
Because great numbers of people came from all over Greece to see the Games, Olympia was a popular place to hold business meetings and to attend family reunions.
由于来自希腊各地的大批人来看奥运会,奥林匹亚是举办商务会和参加家庭团聚会的受欢迎地.
The Olympic grounds had luxuries including a hotel, a swimming pool, a sauna, a marketplace, and a bank, in addition to the stadium, gymnasium, and horse-racing arena.
奥运会场有豪华的场地,包括一个酒店,一个游泳池,一个桑拿,一个市场,以及一个银行,此外还有体育场,体育馆和赛马场.
Many religious, civil, and social functions were part of the early Greek Olympics.
许多宗教、民事和社会职能是早期希腊奥运的一部分。
A temple and an enormous gold-and-ivory statue of Zeus stood on the grounds.
宙斯的一尊神庙和一尊巨大的金和象牙雕像就站到地上.
The ceremonies included a procession, or parade, of all the athletes and officials, followed by a sacrifice of as many as one hundred white oxen and a celebration feast.
仪式包括所有运动员和官员游行或游行,随后有多达100名白牛的牺牲和庆祝宴会.
But most importantly, the Games signaled a time of peace in Greece.
但最重要的是,奥运会标志着希腊的和平时期.
During every Olympics, the city-states observed a strictly enforced truce.
每届奥运会期间,城邦都遵守了严格执行的停战协议.
The Games allowed the city-states to compete with one another on peaceful terms.
运动会允许城邦在和平条件下相互竞争.
No one was allowed to carry a weapon into the city of Olympia during the Games.
在奥运会期间,不允许任何人携带武器入会奥林匹亚市.
While the Games were being held, people could travel freely throughout Greece without fear of war among the city-states.
在运动会举行期间,人们可以自由旅行 希腊不惧战于城邦.
An artist’s image of the ancient Olympic grounds 1 Gymnasium 4 Athletes’ living area 6 Temple of Hera 2 Swimming pool 5 Temple of Zeus 7 Bank and market 3 Boxing and wrestling areas Olympics Trivia The gigantic statue of Zeus inside the temple at Olympia was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
古代奥运场馆的艺术家形象 1 体操 4 运动员生活区 6 赫拉神庙 2 游泳池 5 宙斯神庙 7 银行和市场 3 拳击和摔跤区 奥运会 Trivia 奥林匹亚神庙内巨大的宙斯雕像是古代世界的"七大奇迹"之一.
Most Olympic athletes competed nude or wore only small shorts.
大部分奥运运动员裸体或只穿小短裤.
The Greeks believed that a strong body was meant to be shown off and that loose clothing could trip up an athlete.
希腊人认为,一个强壮的身体是用来炫耀的,而松散的衣物可以绊倒一名运动员.
A strict civil law prohibited adult women from participating in, or even watching, the Games—on pain of death.
严格的民法禁止成年妇女参加甚至观看 " 死亡之痛 " 运动会。
However, the Greeks allowed young girls to attend the Games as spectators.
然而,希腊人允许少女作为观众参加运动会.
In 470 bc, the Greeks created a separate women’s athletic festival to honor the goddess Hera, the wife of Zeus.
在470 bc中,希腊人创立了单独的女子运动节来纪念宙斯之妻赫拉女神.
The ancient Olympic Games were wildly popular for centuries.
古代奥林匹克运动会几个世纪以来,狂野地流行.
The Games continued even after the Roman Empire conquered the Greeks in 146 bc.
即使在146 bc被罗马帝国征服了希腊人之后,运动会仍在继续.
But around ad 393, the Roman emperor Theodosius (thee-uh-DOH-shee-us), a Christian, put an end to all pagan festivals, including the Olympics.
但是在广告393左右,罗马皇帝西奥多修斯(the-uh-DOH-shie-us),一位基督徒,结束了包括奥运会在内的所有异教节日.
Olympia and the Olympic grounds were abandoned.
奥林匹亚和奥运会场地被废弃.
After hundreds of years of neglect, war, earthquakes, and floods, the ancient Olympic grounds were buried and forgotten.
经过数百年的忽视,战争,地震和洪水后,古代奥运会会场被埋葬并被遗忘.
The Olympics Revived Although the site of the Olympics was lost in time, legends about the Games continued to interest many historians.
奥运复兴 虽然奥运会会址被及时丢失,但有关奥运会的传说继续引起许多历史学家的兴趣.
In the 1700s, archaeologists began searching for the Olympic grounds.
1700年代,考古学家开始寻找奥运会场地.
By the 1890s, they had located and excavated most of the major buildings at Olympia.
至1890年代,他们已经找到并出土了奥林匹亚的大部分主要建筑.
A Frenchman named Pierre de Coubertin (duh coo-bair-TAHN) was fascinated by the ancient Olympics.
一个叫皮埃尔·德·库贝尔丁(德語:Duh co-bair-TAHN)的法国人被古代奥运会所迷倒.
He liked the idea of using sports instead of warfare to compete, and he thought that being athletic helped a person to develop good character.
他喜欢用运动而不是用战争来竞争的想法,他觉得运动可以帮助一个人发展出良好的品德.
Coubertin promoted the idea of reviving the Olympics as a worldwide sporting competition.
Coubertin宣传了恢复奥运会作为世界体育比赛的想法。
People loved the idea, so Coubertin formed the International Olympic Committee, or IOC, in 1894.
人们喜欢这个想法,于是Coubertin于1894年组建了国际奥林匹克委员会,即国际奥委会.
Ruins of the stadium entrance built around 200 bc in Olympia, Greece Some of the ancient footraces required runners to carry heavy shields.
在希腊奥林匹亚建造了约200bc的体育场出入口的路由,一些古老的徒步赛事需要跑者携带重盾.
Coubertin had strong beliefs about how the Games should be organized.
Coubertin对如何组织运动会有很强的信念。
He hoped that the modern Olympics would be a time of peace, when nations would put aside politics and warfare, as the Greeks had done for the ancient Games.
他希望现代奥运会将像古代奥运会那样成为和平的时期,各国将政治与战争放在一边.
Coubertin was adamant that all of the athletes should compete out of love for the sport, not out of a desire for prizes.
Coubertin)坚决要求所有运动员应出于对运动的热爱而进行比赛,而不是出于对奖金的渴望.
For that reason, modern champions, like their ancient counterparts, receive only a symbolic prize rather than money or goods.
由于这个原因,现代的冠军和他们的同龄人一样,只获得象征性的奖品,而不是金钱或商品.
The IOC also made a rule that only amateur athletes—those who did not make money from their sports—could compete in the Games.
国际奥委会还制定了一条规则,即只有业余运动员——那些没有通过运动赚钱的运动员——才能参加运动会比赛。
Greece, home of the ancient Olympics, hosted the first modern Olympics in 1896.
希腊是古代奥运会的主地,曾于1896年主办过第一届现代奥运会.
Thousands of proud Greek citizens crowded into the rebuilt stadium to watch.
数千名骄傲的希腊公民挤入重建后的体育场观看.
Over two hundred athletes from fourteen countries registered for the Games.
来自14个国家的200多名运动员报名参加该届运动会.
However, as in the original Olympics, only men could participate in the 1896 Games.
然而,同最初的奥运会一样,只有男子才能参加1896年奥运会.
Athletes competed in track-and-field events (running, jumping, and throwing), tennis, weightlifting, cycling, wrestling, swimming, and gymnastics.
运动员在田径赛事(跑道,跳道和投掷道),网球,举重,自行车,摔跤,游泳和体操比赛中参赛.
The winner of each event in these new Games received an honorary olive branch, a certificate, and a silver medal.
这些新运动会中每次比赛的得主都获得了荣誉橄榄枝,证书和银牌.
The men’s weightlifting winners receive their medals at the 1936 Games in Berlin, Germany.
男子举重获奖者在1936年德国柏林奥运会获得奖牌.
Athletes run in the men’s marathon during the 2008 Summer Games in Beijing, China.
2008年中国北京夏季运动会期间,运动员跑入男子马拉松.
The next two Olympics, in Paris (1900) and in St.
接下来的两届奥运会分别在巴黎(1900年)和圣德.
Louis (1904), were less successful.
路易(1904年),当时不太成功.
The host cities did not build Olympic grounds or “villages,” so the athletes had poor housing and equipment.
东道城市没有建造奥林匹克场地或“村庄”,因此运动员的住房和设备很差。
Many outdoor events were delayed or canceled because of bad weather.
许多户外活动因天气恶劣被推迟或取消.
The Games were not promoted or advertised well, so people took little notice of them and attendance was low.
本届奥运会并未得到好评或宣传,因此人们很少注意到,出席率也很低.
The Games also had to compete for audiences with the world’s fairs that took place in the Olympic host cities in 1900 and 1904.
本届运动会还不得不与1900年和1904年在奥运会主办城市举行的世界博览会争夺观众.
Organizers learned from their mistakes, however, and the Games slowly grew into the amazingly successful Olympic Games we know today.
然而,组织者从其错误中吸取了教训,奥运会慢慢地发展成为我们今天所认识的惊人成功的奥运会。
The Olympics Evolve In 1906, at Games held in an off-schedule year, Olympic organizers revived the ancient tradition of an opening procession.
1906年奥运会在非预定年份举行的奥运会上,奥运会组织者恢复了开幕式游行的古老传统.
Athletes paraded around the stadium behind the flags of their nations before the competition began.
运动员在比赛开始前在自己国家的旗帜后方体育场周围游行.
From then on, each Olympics included a colorful and elaborate opening ceremony.
从那时起,每届奥运会都包括一个多彩而细致的开幕式.
Coubertin also designed the Olympic flag, first flown in 1920, which is white with five colored rings.
库贝尔廷还设计了奥运会会旗,于1920年首飞,旗帜为白色并有5个有色环.
The interlocking rings on the flag represent the five settled continents of the world working together in peace and harmony.
国旗上相接相接的环代表了世界五大定居大陆和平和谐地共同努力.
At least one color on the flag can be found on the flag of every nation.
国旗上至少有一色可以从每个国家的国旗上找到.
The Olympic flag is lowered at the closing ceremony of the 2008 Summer Games in Beijing, China.
2008年中国北京夏季运动会闭幕式上奥运会会旗被降下.
Chamonix (sham-oh-NEE), France, hosted the first Olympic Winter Games in 1924.
法国查莫尼克斯 (sham-oh-NEE),1924年主办了第一届冬季奥林匹克运动会.
More than 250 athletes from 16 nations competed, including 11 women.
来自16个国家的250多名运动员参赛,其中包括11名女性.
The first Winter Games had sixteen events, including speed skating, cross-country skiing, ski jumping, and ice hockey.
第一届冬季运动会有16个赛事,包括速度花样滑冰,越野滑雪,滑雪跳跃和冰球.
The Winter Olympics grew to become very popular.
冬奥会逐渐变得非常受欢迎.
One of the female skaters at the 1924 Winter Games was Norway’s twelve- year-old Sonja Henie (SOHN-yuh HEN-ee), who fell and finished last in her event.
1924年冬季运动会的女子花样滑冰选手之一,是挪威12岁的索尼娅·赫尼(英语:SOHN-yuh HEN-ee),她摔倒并完成她的赛事最后.
But falling and failing at age twelve did not deter Henie.
但十二岁时跌倒和失败并没有吓倒赫尼.
She became one of the greatest competitors of the early Winter Olympics and one of the most famous athletes of all time.
她成为了早期冬奥会最伟大的竞争对手之一,也是有史以来最出名的运动员之一.
Henie won gold medals at the 1928, 1932, and 1936 Winter Games and went on to star in spectacular ice shows and in films.
赫尼在1928年,1932年和1936年冬季运动会中都获得了金牌,并出道于壮观的冰上表演和电影.
The year 1928 was a milestone for female athletes.
1928年是女子运动员的里程碑.
That year in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, women were officially allowed to compete in the Summer Games for the first time.
当年在荷兰阿姆斯特丹,女子首次被正式允许参加夏季运动会.
Officials began using the Olympic torch in 1928.
1928年官员开始使用奥林匹克火炬.
In 1936, the tradition of running the torch relay began.
1936年,"火炬接力"的运行传统开始.
To honor the origin of the Games, the torch is lit in Olympia using magnified sunlight.
为了纪念运动会的起源,奥林匹亚用被放大的阳光点燃了火炬.
Runners carry the torch from Olympia to the new host city, passing the torch from one to the next as it moves through countries and across oceans.
跑者将火炬从奥林匹亚运送到新的东道城市,在穿越各国和海洋时将火炬从一个传递到另一个城市.
At the opening ceremonies, the final runner hands the relay torch to a special guest.
在开幕式上,最终跑者将接力火炬交给了一位特邀嘉宾.
This guest is often a former Olympic champion.
这名嘉宾经常是前奥运会冠军.
He or she uses the relay torch to light the Olympic flame, which burns for the duration of the Games.
他或她使用接力火炬来点燃奥运会的火焰,在运动会期间会燃烧.
American boxing legend Muhammad Ali lights an Olympic torch as part of the relay before the 2002 Olympics.
作为2002年奥运会前接力的一部分,美国拳击传奇穆罕默德·阿里点出一盏奥运会火炬.
Ali won a gold medal in the 1960 Games in Rome, Italy.
阿里在意大利罗马举行的1960年运动会中获得一等金牌.
In the 1960s, the Games were first broadcast on television, and advertisers began placing their logos on Olympic equipment.
20世纪60年代,奥运会首先在电视上播出,广告商开始将自己的标志放入奥运会设备上.
The IOC still raises large sums of money for the Games from companies that pay for the right to use the Olympic logo on their products, such as cereals and candy bars.
国际奥委会仍然为奥运会募集了大笔资金,这些公司在自己的产品上支付使用奥运会标志的权利,如谷物和糖果条等.
The IOC also decides which sports will be allowed in the Olympics.
国际奥委会也决定奥运会允许哪些体育运动.
The total number of athletic events keeps growing as more sports become popular.
随着更多体育运动的流行,体育赛事的总数不断增加。
For example, snowboarding has been included since the 1998 Winter Games in Nagano, Japan.
例如自1998年日本长野冬奥会起就包括了滑雪.
For the 2008 Games, the IOC cut women’s boxing and added open-water swimming and women’s steeplechase.
在2008年运动会中,国际奥委会削减了女子拳击,并增加了露天游泳和女子陡峭的跳板.
IOC officials also schedule the Games.
国际奥委会官员也安排了奥运会。
After the 1992 Games, IOC officials decided to start holding the Summer Games and Winter Games in different years, two years apart.
1992年运动会后,国际奥委会官员决定开始在不同年份举办夏季运动会和冬季运动会,相隔两年.
The 1994 Winter Games in Lillehammer, Norway, were followed in 1996 by Summer Games in Atlanta, Georgia.
1994年挪威利勒哈默尔冬季运动会之后,又于1996年在佐治亚州亚特兰大举办了夏季运动会.
The IOC has made other important changes as well.
国际奥委会也做了其他重要的改变。
It slowly relaxed the rules that kept professional athletes out of the Games.
它慢慢地放宽了使职业运动员不参加奥运会的规则.
This change was made in part because many countries train their Olympic athletes as if they were professionals.
作出这一改变的部分原因是,许多国家培训其奥林匹克运动员时,好像他们是专业人员一样。
War and politics sometimes disrupt the Games.
战争和政治有时会扰乱运动会.
Three Olympics were canceled because of World Wars I and II.
三届奥运会因一战和二战被取消.
At the 1936 Berlin Games, the ruling Nazis wanted to prove that white Germans were a superior race of people.
在1936年柏林运动会上,执政的纳粹想证明白德意志人是优越的种族.
They spent millions of dollars promoting their racist ideas and their athletes.
他们花费了数百万美元宣传他们的种族主义思想和运动员.
But they were humiliated by the amazing gold-medal performance of runner Jesse Owens, an African American.
但他们却被一名非裔美国人跑道运动员杰西·欧文斯出奇地出演的金庸出演所羞辱.
In 1972, Palestinian terrorists kidnapped nine athletes from Israel’s Olympic team.
1972年,巴勒斯坦恐怖分子从以色列奥林匹克队绑架了9名运动员.
Seventeen people were killed in the kidnapping and in the failed rescue attempt.
绑架和营救未遂中有17人被害.
At the 1996 Games in Atlanta, one person was killed and more than one hundred people were injured when a bomb exploded at a concert.
在1996年亚特兰大运动会中,有一枚炸弹在一场音乐会中爆炸,造成一人死亡,一百多人受伤.
Jesse Owens set several world records and became famous as a college track star before competing in the Olympics.
杰西·欧文斯设定了数个世界纪录,在参加奥运会比赛前以大学田径明星出名.
Today’s Olympics The modern Olympics have changed in many respects since they resumed in 1896.
今天的奥运会 现代奥运会自1896年复会后在很多方面发生了变化.
The Games have grown into a huge spectacle and have become enormously competitive.
运动会已经发展成一个巨大的场景,并变得具有巨大的竞争力。
Training to be in the best physical condition is a full-time job.
身体状况最好的培训是一项全职工作。
Most early gold- medal winners would not even qualify for a modern Olympics.
大多数早期的金牌得主甚至没有资格参加现代奥运会.
Today’s athletes routinely perform at levels that would have astonished those earlier competitors.
今天的运动员的表演水平通常会令先前的竞争者大吃一惊。
Consider, for example, cross- country skiing.
例如考虑越野滑雪.
In 1924, the winner of the men’s 50-kilometer (31 mi) cross-country ski race finished in 3 hours and 45 minutes.
1924年,男子50公里(31米)越野滑雪比赛的冠军以3小时45分完成.
In 2006, the winner of the same event finished in just over 2 hours and 6 minutes.
2006年,同名赛事的冠军仅用2个多小时6分就完成了.
In order to compete at the Olympic level today, athletes must train harder than ever.
为了今天的奥运级比赛,运动员必须比以往更努力地训练.
To be contenders for medals, Olympic athletes must use the latest equipment and find the best trainers and sponsors.
要成为奖牌的争夺者,奥林匹克运动员必须使用最新的设备并找到最好的教练和赞助者.
Athletes often begin their training at an early age as coaches help them develop their natural abilities.
运动员经常从幼年开始训练,因为教练员帮助他们发展出自然能力.
Athletes who want to compete in the Olympics devote a great deal of time to honing their skills.
希望参加奥运比赛的运动员花大量时间磨练自己的技能.
Many countries maintain special Olympic training centers to support athletes while they train.
许多国家都设有专门的奥运会培训中心,在运动员培训期间为其提供支持。
Olympic competition is so strong that some athletes cheat.
奥林匹克竞赛激烈到有些运动员作弊.
They think they need even more of an edge than nature and training can provide.
他们认为他们需要的比自然和训练所能提供的更多优势。
In recent years, some Olympic athletes, often with the help of team trainers or doctors, have secretly used performance-enhancing drugs to win.
近年来,一些奥运会运动员经常在球队教练或医生的帮助下,秘密地使用增强性能的药物取胜.
The use of prohibited substances by these athletes has tarnished the image and reputation of the Olympics.
这些运动员使用被禁物质玷污了奥运会的形象和声誉.
Monique Henderson helped her team win a gold medal in the 4x400 meter relay race in the 2008 Summer Games.
莫妮克·亨德森(Monique Henderson)在2008年夏季运动会的4×400米接力比赛中帮助她的球队赢得了一枚金牌.
Young American gymnasts practice at a training center.
美国青年体操运动员在培训中心练习.
Since the mid-1970s, Olympic officials have routinely tested athletes for drug use.
自1970年代中期起,奥运会官员定期对运动员进行吸毒测试.
Olympic champions who fail a drug test can be stripped of their medals.
奥运会冠军未通过药检的,可以被剥去奖牌.
For example, Marion Jones, the great American track star, had to return the five medals she won in the 2000 Summer Olympics because she admitted to using steroids to run faster.
例如,美国田径巨星马里恩·琼斯(Marion Jones)因承认使用类固醇跑得更快而不得不归还她于2000年夏季奥运会中获得的5枚奖牌.
Controversies have also arisen concerning judges of figure-skating and diving competitions.
有关花样滑冰和潜水比赛的评委也出现了争议。
Some judges may have awarded undeserved points to athletes from their own countries or agreed to trade points with other judges.
一些评委可能已经将不应有的积分授予来自本国运动员,或者同意与其他评委交换积分.
Olympic organizers work hard to keep the Games honest and fair for everyone.
奥林匹克组织者努力维护奥运会的诚实和公平。
The Olympics continue to grow bigger and more popular each time they are held.
本届奥运会每次举办时,规模会继续扩大并更受欢迎.
Each Olympics includes the world’s best athletes, a new host country, and often some amazing surprises.
每届奥运会都包括世界上最好的运动员,一个新的主办国,并经常有一些令人惊奇的惊喜.
Few Olympics pass without world records being broken.
没有打破世界纪录的奥运会通过次数很少.
The modern Olympic Games encompass centuries of history and provide an opportunity for breathtaking individual and team efforts.
现代奥林匹克运动会囊括了几个世纪的历史,并为个人和团队的努力提供了令人振奋的机会。
Like the ancient Olympics, the modern Games continue to represent the ideal of sportsmanship and peaceful competition among nations.
与古代奥运会一样,现代运动会继续代表了各国体育精神与和平竞争的理想.
The flawless performance of Canadian figure-skating pair Jamie Sale and David Pelletier was finally awarded gold after a judging scandal was uncovered.
加拿大花样滑冰的一对Jamie Sale和David Pelletier的无瑕疵表现最终被授予金牌,
Janica Kostelic (YON-it-suh KAW-stel-itch) became a national hero in Croatia when she won three gold medals and one silver medal in the 2002 Winter Games.
雅妮卡·克斯特利克(英语:Yon-it-suh KhaW-stel-itch)在2002年冬季运动会中获得3枚金牌和1枚银牌后,成为克罗地亚的民族英雄.
Glossary adamant (adj.)
词汇固执(adj.)
resistant to pressure (p.
抗压 (p.
11) archaeologists scientists who study the remains (n.)
11) 研究遗迹的考古学家 (n.
of ancient cultures (p.
(中文(简体) ).
10) character (n.)
10) 人物 (n.
the moral strength of a person (p.
一个人的道德力量(p.
10) clashed (v.)
10)冲突(五.
entered into conflict (p.
冲突(p.
5) competitors people or teams that take part (n.)
5) 参赛者或参赛队伍(n.
in contests (p.
参赛者(p.
4) controversies disagreements over an issue (n.)
4) 对某一问题的争议(n.)
(p.
页:1
21) counterparts things that are similar and have (n.)
21) 对口单位类似且有(n.
the same function as each other (p.
函数彼此相同(p.
11) deities (n.)
11) 神 (n.
gods and goddesses (p.
神与女神 (p.
5) deter (v.)
(5) 威慑(五.
to discourage; to keep from moving forward (p.
劝阻; 避免前进(p.
15) elaborate (adj.)
15) 精心(adj.)
having many parts and details (p.
具有许多部分和细节(p.
14) encompass (v.)
第14条(五)项
to include in a larger group (p.
包含在更大的组中(p.
22) excavated (v.)
22)出土(五.
uncovered; dug out (p.
发现;被挖出(p.
10) freewheeling free from formal rules (p.
10) 无正式规则的自由轮(p.
6) (adj.)
6）（形容词）