M Is for Mexico
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents My Travel Brochure.
内容表 我的出行手册.
4 The Land.
4"国土".
5 When to Visit.
5 何时访问。
9 My Country’s History.
9 "我国历史".
10 Mexico City.
10 墨西哥城。
11 Central and Southern Mexico.
11 墨西哥中部和南部。
14 The Gulf Coast and Yucatán Peninsula.
14 海湾海岸和尤卡坦半岛。
17 Northern Mexico.
17 墨西哥北部。
20 Quick Facts About Mexico.
20 关于墨西哥的快报.
23 Glossary.
23 词汇表。
24 My Travel Brochure By Juan Rodriguez Ms.
24 Juan Rodriguez女士的《旅行手册》。
Brown’s Fifth Grade Class Welcome to Mexico!
布朗的五年级班 欢迎来到墨西哥!
I am so glad you have come to visit my beautiful country.
我很高兴你来到我美丽的国家
Mexico has a lot of rich history and culture.
墨西哥历史文化丰富.
The people who live here are very kind, and their hospitality is out of this world!
住此地之人甚为好心,而其款待已出出此地也!
There is so much here to see and do.
这里有很多事情要做
The question is not what you want to do, but whether you will have the time to do it all.
问题不在于你想做什么,而在于你是否会有时间做这一切.
You might want to relax on the shores of Mexico’s many beaches or visit some of our wonderful museums, historic sites, or ancient ruins.
或参观我们的一些优秀博物馆、历史遗迹或古迹。
You could even go for a horseback ride in the mountains, a boat ride through the wetlands, or listen to local mariachi music.
你甚至可以去山上骑马 乘船穿过湿地 或者听当地的马利亚奇音乐
Whatever you want to do or see, Mexico has something for you!
无论你想做什么或看到,墨西哥有东西给你!
The Land Let’s begin our tour by learning a little bit about Mexico’s geography.
国土 我们先了解一下墨西哥的地理环境,
Mexico is located at the southern part of North America.
墨西哥地处北美南部.
The United States is its neighbor to the north.
美国是它的北邻.
Guatemala and Belize are its neighbors to the south.
危地马拉和伯利兹是其南部的邻国.
The country is divided into North and South, just like the Americas.
国家分为南北两部分,同美洲一样.
In southern Mexico, most states have large rural areas with a large farming population.
在墨西哥南部,大多数州都有大片农村地区,农业人口多.
The northern states are wealthier than the southern states and are mostly urban and industrialized.
北方各州比南方各州更富有,多为城市和工业化.
More than half of the country’s population lives in the central part of the country.
全国一半以上的人口生活在中部.
This area is what is called the Valley of Mexico.
这个地区被称为"墨西哥河谷".
Mexico City, Mexico’s capital, is in the valley.
墨西哥首都墨西哥城位于山谷.
In 2010, it was one of the twenty largest cities in the world!
2010年是世界20大城市之一!
About 8,873,017 people lived in the Mexico City area while about 112 million people lived in the entire country of Mexico.
墨西哥城地区约有8,873,017人,而墨西哥全国约有1.12亿人。
The land in Mexico covers 756,066 square miles (1,972,550 sq km).
墨西哥土地面积为756,066平方英里(1,972,550平方千米).
How big is that?
这有多大?
Well, you could fit about five countries the size of Mexico into the United States.
你可以把五个像墨西哥这样的国家 划入美国
I bet you didn’t know that Mexico has states, too.
我打赌你不知道墨西哥也有州。
It has 31 states and a federal district.
它有31个州和一个联邦区.
All of these areas have totally cool places to visit!
所有这些地区都有非常酷的地方可以参观!
Mexico’s blue water and landforms are as diverse as its people and culture.
墨西哥的蓝水和地貌与其人民和文化一样多样.
Mexico’s many unique landform regions include the Mexican plateau, the central plateau, Gulf Coastal Plain, Pacific Coastal Lowlands, southern highlands, Chiapas Highlands, Tabasco Plain, the Yucatán Peninsula, Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental, and the Sonoran Desert.
墨西哥许多独特的地貌区域包括墨西哥高原,中部高原,海湾沿海平原,太平洋沿海低地,南部高地,恰帕斯高地,塔巴斯克平原,尤卡坦半岛,西塞拉马德雷和东塞拉马德雷等地,以及索诺兰沙漠.
If you review that list, you’ll notice that very few sound alike.
若您查看该列表,
Since Mexico is a diverse land, it ranks third in the world for the most varied plant and animal species.
由于墨西哥是一片多样的土地,在最多样化的动植物物种中,墨西哥位居世界第三.
Did you know that Mexico is also in the “Ring of Fire”?
你知道墨西哥也处于“火焰之行”中吗?
That means that it is located in an area where volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean are very active.
这意味着它位于太平洋火山非常活跃的地区。
I hope you will take the time to visit Mexico’s Volcán Pico de Orizaba.
希望您能抽出时间访问墨西哥的Volcán Pico de Orizaba。
This is a fascinating dormant volcano and the country’s highest point.
这是一座迷人的休眠火山,
It rises to 18,406 feet (5,610 m).
它上升至18,406英尺(5,610米).
From cities to rural areas, from deserts to rainforests, from wetlands to canyons, Mexico has every kind of environment you’re looking for!
从城市到农村地区、从沙漠到雨林、从湿地到峡谷,
Let’s explore more about my country.
让我们多探讨一下我国。
Asia Australia North America South America PACIFIC OCEAN Ring of Fire Mexico Volcán Pico de Orizaba Do You Know?
澳大利亚 北美 南美洲 (原始内容存档于2018-07-25). PACIFI OCEAN RIN EARL EAR RIN EST Mexico Volcán Pico de Orizaba 你知道吗?.
Volcán Pico de Orizaba has not erupted since 1687.
沃尔坎·皮克·德·奥里扎巴自1687年以来一直没有爆发.
No one climbed it until 1848.
直到1848年才有人爬上它.
The volcano is the third highest in North America.
该火山为北美第三高.
Do you know what the first two highest points are?
你知道头两个最高点是什么吗?
When to Visit One thing to keep in mind is that Mexico’s climate along the coast is hot and humid.
何时访问 墨西哥沿海气候炎热潮湿,
If you don’t like hot and humid weather, you should plan your trip from October through May.
如果你不喜欢炎热而潮湿的天气,
Of course, the temperatures are almost always milder inland and in the mountains.
当然,温度几乎总是比较温和的内陆和山区.
If you love dry weather, try visiting Baja California or the Sonoran or Chihuahuan deserts.
如果你喜欢干燥的天气,尝试访问下加利福尼亚州或索诺兰或奇瓦万沙漠.
It is dry in these places year-round.
这些地方年年干燥。
My Country’s History Before the Spanish defeated the Aztecs in 1521, Mexico was part of what is called Mesoamerica.
我国的历史 在1521年西班牙人击败阿兹特克人之前,墨西哥曾是被称作"中美洲"的一部分.
The Olmecs, Maya, Teotihuacán, Toltec, and the Aztec peoples lived in Mesoamerica for a long time before the Spanish arrived.
奥尔梅克人,玛雅人,特奥蒂瓦坎人,托尔特克人,和阿兹特克人曾在西班牙人到来之前的很长一段时间里生活在中美洲.
This period of history is called the pre-Columbian period.
这一历史时期被称作哥伦布前期.
You can visit some of the buildings they left behind such as temples, pyramids, and even ball courts!
你可以参观一些他们留下的建筑,例如神庙,金字塔,甚至球场!
The Aztecs were the most powerful of the pre- Columbian civilizations.
阿兹特克人是前哥伦比亚文明中最强大的.
After the Spanish arrived and conquered the Aztecs, not only did the people change, but also our land.
西班牙人到来并征服了阿兹特克人后,不仅人民变了,我们的土地也变了.
Spain sent some of its people to live here.
西班牙派了一部分人来此居住.
The Spaniards made the indigenous people become Catholics.
西班牙人使原住民成为天主教徒.
They had to learn Spanish and Latin, and many of the native languages disappeared.
他们不得不学习西班牙语和拉丁语,许多当地语言也消失了.
Today Spanish is the official language of Mexico.
今天西班牙语是墨西哥的官方语言.
Mexico was a colony of Spain until 1810.
墨西哥直到1810年一直是西班牙的殖民地.
Many Mexicans revolted against Spain, and in 1821, Mexico officially won its independence.
许多墨西哥人反抗西班牙,1821年墨西哥正式获得独立.
It is now a republic.
它现在是一个共和国。
Explore More In addition to the Aztecs, the Olmecs, Maya, Teotihuacán, and Toltecs also lived in Mesoamerica.
探索更多 除阿兹特克人外,奥尔梅克人,玛雅人,特奥蒂瓦坎人和托尔特克人也生活在中美洲.
Find out more about these cultures and civilizations by searching the Internet or your local library.
透过搜索互联网或本地图书馆,
Mexico City Now, let’s begin our tour of some of the great cities to visit.
墨西哥城 让我们开始参观一些伟大的城市。
We’ll begin in the heart of Mexico— Mexico City.
我们从墨西哥中心开始,
When the Aztecs ruled, it was called Tenochtitlán.
阿兹特克人统治时被称作特诺克蒂特兰.
Many of the ancient ruins in and around Mexico City were built by the Aztecs.
墨西哥城内外的许多古代废墟由阿兹特克人所建.
The Templo Mayor (Great Temple) was actually the site of the capital of the Aztec Empire.
坦普洛市长 (大圣殿)实际上是阿兹特克帝国首都所在地.
It was built during the 1300s and 1400s.
它建于1300年代和1400年代.
The Spanish tried to bury it, but in 1978 the amazing temple’s ruins were uncovered.
西班牙人试图埋葬它,但在1978年,惊人的神庙废墟被揭开.
It is now a museum.
它现在是一个博物馆。
In Mexico City, there are also many beautiful things to see that were built under Spanish rule.
在墨西哥城,还有许多美丽的东西需要看到,这些东西是在西班牙统治下建造的.
Cathedrals and other examples of Spanish architecture are all over Mexico City.
大教堂等西班牙建筑的例子遍布墨西哥城.
The largest cathedral in Latin America is Catedral Metropolitana.
拉丁美洲最大的大教堂是Cathedral Metropolitana.
Would you believe it took nearly 300 years to build?
你会相信它花了将近300年 建造?
Throughout the city you can see painted or sculpted art by famous Mexican artists.
在整个城市你可以看到墨西哥著名艺术家所绘画或雕塑的艺术.
One of the most well-known is muralist Diego Rivera.
其中最有名的是乡村主义者迭戈·里维拉.
From 1929 to 1935, he painted murals showing Mexican history in the courtyard of the Palacio Nacional, or National Palace.
从1929年到1935年,他把显示墨西哥历史的壁画画绘入了国家宫廷(Palacio Nacional)或国家宫廷的庭院.
The site of the palace has been home to many rulers.
宫殿遗址曾是多位统治者的故地.
Moctezuma, who was an Aztec emperor, lived on the same site before the Spanish conquest.
莫克特祖马是一位阿兹特克皇帝,在西班牙征服前住在同一个地盘上.
After the Spanish conquest, it was home to Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés.
西班牙征服后,它成为了西班牙征服者埃尔南·科尔特斯的故乡.
Today, the offices of Mexico’s president are inside.
今天,墨西哥总统的办公室就在里面。
The palace faces the Plaza de la Constitución (Zócalo).
宫殿正对着孔斯蒂图西翁广场(Zócalo).
This is one of the world’s largest public squares.
这是世界上最大的公共广场之一。
Mexico City’s largest park is another major attraction.
墨西哥城最大的公园是另一个主要的取景地.
This was where the Aztecs used to spend their summer vacations!
阿兹特克人曾经在这里度暑假!
You can spend a part of your vacation at Bosque de Chapultepec, too.
你可以在博斯克德·查普尔特佩克度假
You can visit a zoo or botanical garden, buy a balloon or a snack, and then visit museums or art galleries and not even leave the park!
你可以参观动物园或植物园,购买气球或点心,然后参观博物馆或美术馆,甚至不离开公园!
There are other art museums and centers throughout the city, including the Palacio de Bellas Artes, Museo Dolores Olmedo Patiño, Museo Mural Diego Rivera, Museo Frida Kahlo, and many, many more.
全市还有其他艺术博物馆和中心,包括帕拉西奥·德·贝拉斯·阿尔特斯博物馆,多洛雷斯·奥尔梅多·帕蒂尼奥博物馆,穆拉尔·迭戈·里维拉博物馆,弗里达·卡罗博物馆等,还有许多其他博物馆和中心.
Frida Kahlo was one of the first successful female painters in the world.
Frida Kahlo是世界上第一批成功的女画家之一.
She was married to Diego Rivera.
她嫁给了迭戈·里维拉.
My favorite painting of hers has a monkey in it!
我最喜欢的画里有只猴子!
However, if shopping is what you want to do while in Mexico City, you won’t be disappointed at the Bazar del Sábado (Saturday Market) in the Plaza San Jacinto in the San Ángel neighborhood.
但如果在墨西哥城购物是你想做的事,
You can buy Mexican fruits, vegetables, or even candy, at the Mercado de la Merced.
你可以在Mercado de la Merced买墨西哥水果,蔬菜甚至糖果.
Central and Southern Mexico Just northwest of Mexico City, you can find more great examples of Spanish colonial architecture.
墨西哥中部和南部 就在墨西哥城西北部,你可以找到更多的西班牙殖民建筑的伟大例子.
Sometimes this area is called the Colonial Heartland.
有时这个区域被称为"殖民地心地".
It is also the heart of Mexico’s rich agriculture.
这也是墨西哥富裕农业的核心.
The Spanish built many cities and towns here because of the silver deposits.
西班牙人因为银矿而在这里建立了许多城镇.
If you visit the city of Taxco, southwest of Mexico City, you can find many beautiful silver shops.
若访问墨西哥城西南的Taxco市,可以找到许多美丽的银行.
Farther west there are many beaches.
更西边有很多海滩
One place known for its beaches is Acapulco.
一个以海滩而出名的地方是阿卡普尔克.
Decades ago, Puerto Vallarta became a popular beach resort for Hollywood stars.
几十年前,巴亚尔塔港成为好莱坞明星的受欢迎的海滩度假地.
If you get tired of the beach, you can visit a pre-Columbian site in Colima.
如果你厌倦了海滩,你可以去科利马的一个哥伦布前遗址.
Colima has been rebuilt over and over again because frequent earthquakes continually damage it.
科利马因为频繁的地震不断损坏而多次被重建.
Guadalajara is the country’s second largest city after Mexico City.
瓜达拉哈拉是该国仅次于墨西哥城的第二大城市.
There are many great places to visit in Guadalajara.
瓜达拉哈拉有许多好地方可以参观.
There is the city’s famous Cathedral, which took more than two centuries to build.
这座城市有著名的大教堂,它花了两个多世纪才建成.
You can take a short walk from the Cathedral and see a lot of Spanish colonial architecture.
你可以从大教堂走一小步,看到许多西班牙殖民建筑.
But like many regions in Mexico, you can also just enjoy being outside!
但和墨西哥许多地区一样,你也可以享受外面的生活!
The country’s largest lake, Laguna de Chapala, is a great place to go boating.
国内最大的湖泊拉古纳-德·查帕拉是上船的好地方.
You may want to check out the waterfalls, tropics, and mountains at Huasteca Potosina.
你也许想查查瓦斯特卡波多西纳的瀑布、热带和山区。
I recommend that you take a boat ride to see Tamul waterfall.
我建议你坐船去看塔穆尔瀑布
It drops 344 feet into a canyon!
它掉入了344英尺的峡谷!
Central and southern Mexico have many ancient ruins of pre-Columbian civilizations.
墨西哥中部和南部有许多古代哥伦比亚前文明的废墟.
Teotihuacán is probably one of the greatest examples of all pre-Columbian cities.
特奥蒂瓦坎可能是哥伦比亚前所有城市中最伟大的例子之一.
It has two great ancient temples: the Pyramids of the Sun and the Moon, which people visit more than any other pre-Columbian site.
该寺有两座大古寺:日出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地出地
So what was Teotihuacán?
特奥蒂瓦坎是什么?
It was once a place where about 125,000 people lived in about ad 400.
它曾经是一个大约125,000人住在大约400个广告中的地方.
And it is also the name of the people who lived there.
这也是住在那里的人们的名字。
Kind of confusing, huh?
有点困惑,是吧?
At that time, it was one of the world’s largest cities.
当时是世界上最大的城市之一.
Monte Albán in the state of Oaxaca was a city of the Zapotec people.
瓦哈卡州的蒙特·阿尔班是萨波特克人的一个城市.
You can visit what was their ceremonial site on top of a mountain!
你可以参观他们在山顶上的祭祀地!
At one time, this was also a cultural center for the Olmec and the Teotihuacán.
一度这里也是奥尔梅克人和特奥蒂瓦坎人的文化中心.
The Gulf Coast and Yucatán Peninsula Moving out to the tropical plains and jungle of the Gulf Coast, we find land that was once home to several pre-Columbian cultures, including the Maya, Olmec, and Totonac.
海湾海岸和尤卡坦半岛 我们发现这片土地曾经是 几个哥伦布前文化的家园, 包括玛雅、奥尔梅克和托多纳克。
Olmec artifacts are all over this region, especially in the Parque-Museo de La Venta.
奥尔梅克的文物遍布这一地区,特别是在Parque-Museo de La Venta.
You can visit ancient pyramids at El Tajin.
你可以去El Tajin参观古代金字塔
This was a major religious center for the Totonac who lived here between ad 900 and 1150.
这是托多纳克人的主要宗教中心,他们住在这里的广告在900到1150年间.
Or you can check out Quiahuiztlán, a hilltop city where some 15,000 Totonac people once lived.
或者你可以查查Quiahuiztlán, 一个山顶城市, 大约15,000托多纳克人曾经居住。
The Mayan ruins at Chichén Itzá are the best preserved of anything the Maya left behind.
在Chichén Itzá的玛雅人废墟是玛雅人所留下的一切中保存得最好的.
There are temples, Mexico’s largest ancient ball court, and an observatory.
有寺庙,墨西哥最大的古代球场和天文台.
The Maya were fascinated with looking at the stars, just like me!
玛雅人迷上看星星,就像我一样!
They even had their own writing system.
他们甚至有自己的写作系统。
Uxmal is another Mayan site that you should visit.
Uxmal是另一个玛雅人的地方,你应该参观。
Most of the Spanish cities and towns in the Yucatán were actually built on top of Mayan ruins.
尤卡坦岛的大部分西班牙城市和城镇实际上是在玛雅废墟上建造的.
What other cool things are there to see and do on the Gulf Coast?
海湾沿岸还有啥好东西要看和做?
Just about everything!
所有事情都一样!
There are many museums, cathedrals, and churches.
有许多博物馆,大教堂,以及教堂.
Don’t forget to stop in the city of Veracruz!
别忘了停在韦拉克鲁斯市!
The waterfront promenade and arcades are a lot of fun.
水滨道道场和道场多有乐趣.
Like the Colonial Heartland, this region is also a center for agriculture.
与殖民地中心地一样,这一地区也是一个农业中心.
Sugarcane, cacao (yum!)
甘蔗,可可(yu!
, and coffee are grown here.
咖啡在这里种植。
The Yucatán Peninsula is also well known for its white sand beaches, and has plenty of them considering it’s surrounded by water on three sides, like Baja California.
尤卡坦半岛也以白沙滩而出名,
The world’s second longest barrier reef (after Australia’s) is located near the islands of Cozumel and Isla Mujeres.
世界上第二长的屏障礁(仅次于澳大利亚)位于Cozumel和Isla Mujeres岛附近。
It is a popular place to snorkel and scuba dive.
潜水和潜水很受欢迎
Cancún is probably the most popular spot to get a suntan.
坎昆可能是最受欢迎的地方,
This region is well-known for its breathtaking natural wells called cenotes.
这一地区以其令人喘息的天然井"通心"而出名.
Probably the most visited one is the Cenote de Dzitnup near Valladolid.
访问次数最多的可能是巴利亚多利德附近的Cenote de Dzitnup.
Can you believe that it was discovered only a half century ago?
你能相信它只是半个世纪前发现的吗?
Northern Mexico Many of Mexico’s deserts, mountains, and canyons are located here.
墨西哥北部有许多沙漠、山脉和峡谷位于此地。
You might have heard of the Grand Canyon in the United States, but did you know that Copper Canyon is even bigger?
你可能听说过美国大峡谷,但你知道铜峡谷甚至更大吗?
It is more than one mile deep and part of the Sierra Madre Occidental range.
它有一多英里的深度,是西部山区的一部分。
You can take a train to get a close-up view of this deep canyon, its waterfalls, and lakes.
你可以搭乘火车去特写地观这深峡谷,它的瀑布和湖泊.
The indigenous people who live there are famous for the drums and violins they make.
住在那里的原住民以所制作的鼓和小提琴而出名.
If you are looking for great beaches and resorts, like Cabo San Lucas, then Baja California is the place for you.
如果你在寻找伟大的海滩和度假胜地, 像卡波圣卢卡斯, 那么下加利福尼亚州就是你的地方。
It is a peninsula, so water is around three of its sides.
这是一个半岛,所以水在它的三边。
In the winter, you can even spot whales swimming along the shore as they migrate south!
在冬天,你甚至可以看到鲸鱼在向南迁徙时沿岸游泳!
You won’t find any Aztec ruins in Baja.
在巴哈,
Why?
为什么?
Because the Aztecs did not live here!
因为阿兹特克人不住在这里!
But you can find some ancient cave paintings.
但你可以找到一些古老的洞穴画作.
Many believe the ancestors of the Cochimi painted the cave pictures.
许多人相信克奇米人的祖先为洞穴画了相.
They show people and animals in black and red.
它们以黑色和红色显示人和动物.
If you’re not interested in ruins or the beach, you may enjoy whale watching in a boat.
如果你对废墟或海滩不感兴趣,
In Guerrero Negro, blue whales are often spotted along the Sea of Cortés.
在格雷罗内格罗,蓝鲸常被发现在科特斯海一带.
If you get seasick, you can visit them and many other sea mammals on land at the nearby Laguna San Ignacio, Bahia de Magdalena.
如果你晕船了,你可以去附近的拉古纳圣伊格纳西奥(Laguna San Ignacio),巴伊亚德马格达莱纳(Bahia de Magdalena)的陆地上参观它们和其他许多海洋哺乳动物.
There are also many old Spanish missions in this region.
在这个地区还有许多老的西班牙使团.
One you can visit is called San Ignacio.
一个你可以访问的是 圣伊格纳西奥。
It is a mission church from the 1700s.
这是1700年代的教会
The Museo de las Misiones is part of Misión Nuestra Señora de Loreto.
米西奥斯博物馆(Museo de las Misiones)是洛雷托河畔米希翁(Misión Nuestra Señora de Loreto)的一部分.
The Spanish built the missions in an effort to convert the indigenous people to Catholicism.
西班牙人建立了这些使团,努力使土著人民皈依天主教。
I think you have to agree with me: Mexico has much to offer you—so come visit!
我认为你必须同意我的看法:墨西哥有很多东西要给你,
Probably the most amazing ancient ruins in this region are the adobe buildings at Paquimé.
这个地区最令人惊奇的古迹可能是帕基梅的地道建筑.
Adobe is a brick made with mud and grass.
阿多贝是用泥和草做成的砖.
Often many bricks were used to create buildings that look like today’s apartment buildings.
许多砖头往往用来建造像今天公寓大楼的建筑物。
Between the 900s and 1300s, more than 3,000 people lived in adobe buildings near the Casas Grandes river.
在900年代到1300年代之间,有3000多人居住在Casas Grandes河附近的地道建筑中.
No one really knows what happened to the people who lived there.
没人知道住在那里的人发生了什么
Cave paintings at Baja California A whale dives, showing its tail in the Sea of Cortés.
下加利福尼亚州的洞穴画 鲸鱼下潜 在科特斯海中露出尾巴