Drones
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Piloting from the Ground.
4个 从地上驾驶。
5 Early Whirlybirds.
(原始内容存档于2017-10-21). 5 Early Whirlybirds.
7 Eye in the Sky.
7"天空之眼"("天空之眼").
8 Help Is on the Way.
8帮助在路上。
9 Watching Wildlife.
9 观察野生动物.
10 Special Delivery.
10 特别递送。
11 Fun and Games.
11 娱乐与游戏.
12 Special Challenges.
12 特殊挑战。
14 Conclusion.
14 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Introduction Look up in the sky!
16 上天介绍!
That thing buzzing by isn’t a bird, plane, or superhero.
也并非超级英雄。
It’s an unmanned aerial vehicle (UA V), otherwise known as a drone.
这是无人驾驶飞行器(UA V),
Once a rare sight, drones are growing in popularity and use.
无人机的流行程度和使用率不断提高。
These flying robots can make maps, save lives, and deliver packages lickety-split.
这些飞行的机器人可以制作地图,拯救生命,并交付包裹lidety-split.
And those are only a few things drones can do.
这些只是无人机能做的几件事。
Aerial drones with cameras are used for many purposes, such as mapping and land surveying.
配备相机的空中无人机被用于许多目的,如测绘和土地测量等.
Piloting from the Ground Drones may seem like a fairly new invention, but they’ve actually been around for a lot longer than some might think.
从地上驾驶无人机可能看起来是个相当新的发明,
The earliest version of a drone was developed by the U.
最早的无人机版本由U开发.
S.
师曰.
military in World War I.
第一次世界大战的军事.
The Kettering Bug was designed as an aerial torpedo and was made of papier-mâché and cardboard.
Kettleg Bug被设计为一种航空鱼雷,由papier-mâché和纸板所制造.
More sophisticated drones were developed about twenty years later.
更精密的无人机是在大约20年后研制出来的.
They were given the name unmanned aerial vehicles because they were not flown by an onboard pilot.
他们被命名为无人驾驶飞行器,因为这些飞行器不是由机上飞行员驾驶的。
Instead, they were flown by remote control by someone on the ground or in a “mother” airplane flying nearby.
相反,飞机是由地面上的人或附近“母”飞机遥控而来。
The first UA Vs resembled small airplanes and were fairly large.
第一次阿联酋 V像小飞机,相当大。
Some were over 6 meters (20 ft.)
有的超过6米(20英尺).
long and had a wingspan of nearly 9 meters (30 ft.)
长而有近9米(30英尺)的翼展.
The Kettering Bug cost $400 to make.
臭虫要赚400美元
It was developed by Charles Kettering and Orville Wright, who invented the airplane with his brother Wilbur.
它由查尔斯·克特灵特和奥维尔·赖特(英语:Orville Wright)开发,后者与他的兄弟威尔伯一起发明了飞机.
UA Vs were developed mainly for target practice by British forces during World War II.
无人驾驶 V是二战期间主要为英国部队的目标练习而开发的.
The British navy named their prototype UA V the Queen Bee.
英国海军将他们的原型UA V命名为"蜂后".
A United States admiral saw a demonstration of the Queen Bee and wanted something similar for the U.
一位美国海军上将看见了"蜂后"的示威游行,并想为U提供类似的东西.
S.
师曰.
Navy.
海军.
Commander Delmer Fahrney designed the American UA Vs, which he nicknamed drones to pay homage to Britain’s Queen Bee, after which they were modeled.
Delmer Fahrney司令设计了美国UA Vs,他昵称无人机来向英国的后蜜蜂致敬,之后他们被作模特.
The name stuck, and all U.
名字卡住了,还有所有的U。
S.
师曰.
Navy UA Vs were thereafter called target drones.
海军 Vs随后被称为目标无人机.
Word Wise The term drone for target UAVs was applicable in more ways than one.
语出智慧 目标无人驾驶飞机一词在多个方面适用。
A drone is a male worker bee.
无人机是一只男性工人蜜蜂.
Also, as a verb, drone means to make a prolonged humming sound similar to that made by a UAV as it flies.
另外,作为一个动词,无人机的意思是发出与无人机飞行时所发出的声音相类似的长鸣声.
The Queen Bee was radio controlled and could fly up to 5,182 meters (17,000 ft.)
后蜜蜂被无线电控制,可飞行5,182米(17,000英尺).
and travel up to 483 kilometers (300 mi.)
并且行程可达483公里(300米.
at over 161 kilometers (100 mi.)
超过161公里(100海里)
per hour.
每小时。
Early Whirlybirds Over the next eighty years, drones evolved into smaller flying devices.
早期鸟类 在接下来的80年中,无人机演变为更小的飞行装置.
While early drones resembled miniature planes, newer drones looked more like tiny helicopters.
虽然早期的无人机类似微型飞机,而更新型的无人机更像是小型直升机.
Instead of wings, these drones had spinning blades called rotors.
这些无人机没有翅膀,而是有被称作旋转器的旋转叶片.
Some drones could have six or more whirling rotors carrying them into the air.
有些无人机可能拥有6个或更多的回旋转子来携带到空中.
The use of rotors greatly improved drones’ maneuverability.
使用转子大大提高了无人机的可操纵性。
These nimble machines could swerve and change direction quickly.
这些微弱的机器可以迅速转向并改变方向。
Operators could now send drones to precise locations that used to be hard to reach.
运营商现在可以将无人机送到过去难以到达的确切地点.
They could also fly closer to the ground and hover in one place.
它们也可以飞到更靠近地上的地方,并在一个地方徘徊.
Drones’ size and agility made them well suited to tasks that were difficult or impossible for planes.
无人驾驶飞机的大小和敏捷性使它们非常适合飞机难以完成或不可能完成的任务。
Drones began to see widespread use beyond the military.
无人机开始在军事范围以外广泛使用.
The Father of Unmanned Technology The man responsible for the electrical power system we use today was also a key player in the development of drones.
无人技术之父 负责我们今天使用的电力系统的人 也是无人机开发的关键人物
Nikola Tesla invented a radio-controlled boat in 1898 and gave a demonstration in New York City.
尼古拉·特斯拉(Nikola Tesla)于1898年发明了无线电控制船,并在纽约市进行了示威.
The technology he used was an early version of the same technology that lets people operate drones from a distance.
他使用的技术是同一种技术的早期版本,让人们从远处操作无人机.
Nikola Tesla Eye in the Sky Users discovered that drones were ideal for taking bird’s-eye-view images.
尼古拉·特斯拉 天空用户的目光发现无人机是拍摄鸟眼影像的理想.
In the past, aerial photographs had usually been taken from airplanes.
过去,飞机通常拍摄航空照片。
Planes had to fly well above the ground to avoid obstacles.
飞机必须飞到地上,以避免出事。
This made getting close-up images on the ground a challenge.
这使得现场获取特写图像成为了挑战.
Drones, on the other hand, could fly much slower and lower.
而无人机则可以飞得更慢更低.
They could buzz along below cloud cover that made it hard for photographers in planes to take clear images.
他们可能会在云层覆盖层下鸣叫 让飞机上的摄影师很难拍摄清晰的图像
Drones could also navigate tight spaces, such as canyons and ravines, that were not accessible to larger aircraft.
无人驾驶飞机也可以导航大型飞机无法进入的峡谷和沟谷等紧凑空间.
Filmmakers saw that drones could make their jobs much easier.
制片人看到无人机可以让工作轻松得多.
Instead of using special effects to show flight, they could attach a camera to a drone and record footage showing what it was like to really fly.
而不是用特效来显示飞行,他们可以将相机附加在无人机上,并记录显示真正飞行的感受的镜头.
Using multiple drones also let filmmakers get shots from overhead angles and perspectives with relative ease—without interfering with actors or putting crew members at risk.
使用多架无人机也让电影制片人相对容易地从高空角度和角度拍到镜头,而不干扰演员或使机组人员处于危险之中。
Mapmakers now send drones into remote and difficult terrain to get sharp images of what the land is really like.
地图制作者现在将无人机送入偏远而艰难的地形,以获取土地真实状况的清晰图像.
Drones can provide up-to-date photos of changes to glaciers and other evolving landforms.
无人机可以提供冰川和其他演化地貌变化的最新相片.
Help Is on the Way!
帮助在路上!
Drones’ ability to navigate near rough terrain also makes them ideal for helping rescuers locate people who may be lost or injured.
无人驾驶飞机在崎岖地形附近航行的能力也使它们能理想地帮助救援人员找到可能丢失或受伤的人。
Unlike regular helicopters or search planes, drones can zoom beneath the forest canopy and get a clear view of the area below.
与普通的直升机或搜索机不同,无人机可以在森林树冠下放大并清晰地看到下面的区域.
Instead of recording video for later viewing, search and rescue drones provide a live stream of images as they travel.
搜索和救援无人机没有为以后的取景录下视频,而是在行走时提供一串图像的活流.
When searching at night, drones use thermal imaging, which detects the warmth given off by a person’s body.
无人机在夜间搜索时会使用热成像,
Drones can drop critical supplies such as water, food, or blankets with pinpoint accuracy and at a much lower cost than helicopters or search planes.
无人驾驶飞机可以投放水、食品或毯子等关键用品,其精确度和成本都比直升机或搜索机低得多。
Drones are especially valuable when disaster strikes.
当灾难降临时,无人机特别有价值.
Earthquakes and floods often make roads and airports impassable and keep victims from getting the assistance they need.
地震和洪水往往使道路和机场无法通行,使受害者无法获得所需的援助。
Drones can also monitor disasters in progress, such as wildfires or volcanic eruptions.
无人机还可以监测正在发生的灾害,如野火或火山爆发等.
Data can be gathered without putting humans in harm’s way.
数据可以在不伤害人类的情况下收集。
A 2015 aerial drone photo shows flooding in the streets and homes of Dalgopol, Bulgaria.
2015年一空无人机照片显示保加利亚达尔高波尔的街道和住宅被淹.
Watching Wildlife Humans aren’t the only ones who benefit from drones—animals do, too.
观察野生动物 人类并非唯一受益于无人机的人,
Patrolling vast areas such as large ranches requires a lot of time and workers.
巡逻大牧场等广大地区需要大量时间和工人.
Drones are a much faster and cheaper way to keep tabs on roaming animals.
无人机是一种更快,更便宜的追踪流浪动物的方式.
Drones can find stray cattle and have even been used to herd animals back to where they should be!
无人机可以找到流浪的牛 甚至已经习惯了把动物赶回他们该去的地方!
Wildlife preserves use drones to keep an eye out for dangers and to monitor animal activity.
野生动物保护区使用无人机监视危险并监测动物活动。
If an animal is in distress, rangers can quickly get to its exact location, thanks to drone technology.
如果动物遇上险情,由于无人机技术,护航人员可以迅速到达其确切位置.
Drones also provide researchers with a better way to study how animals function in native habitats without disturbing them.
无人机还为研究者提供了更好的方法来研究动物在原生生境中如何运行而不会扰动它们.
A bull elephant encounters a drone in the Moremi Game Reserve, Botswana, Africa.
公牛大象在非洲博茨瓦纳莫雷米游戏保护区遭遇无人机.
A drone delivers emergency medical supplies, in this case blood, in rural Rwanda.
无人机在卢旺达农村运送紧急医疗用品,此处为血液。
Special Delivery Businesses have recently begun exploring ways to use drones for customized delivery.
特别服务 企业最近开始探索如何使用无人机进行定制交付.
Both online retailers and local businesses are seeking ways to bypass ground transportation and deliver small packages directly from their warehouses to buyers via air.
网上零售商和当地企业都在想方设法绕过地面运输,通过空中直接向买家提供小包货.
It’s possible that in the near future, the pizza you order will arrive not by car but by drone!
近期内你订购的比萨饼可能不是乘车而是乘无人机抵达。
In remote parts of the world, drone delivery services are being used for sending critical medical supplies.
在世界偏远地区,无人驾驶飞机运送服务正被用于运送关键医疗用品。
Rural clinics and medical outposts in the African nation of Rwanda, for example, rely on drones to deliver blood needed for emergency surgery or urgent medications.
例如,在卢旺达的非洲国家,农村诊所和医疗站依靠无人机提供紧急手术或紧急药物所需的血液。
The drones follow a preprogrammed route that is monitored on computer tablets using satellite navigation systems.
无人机采用预先编程的路线,利用卫星导航系统对电脑平板电脑进行监测。
When a drone reaches its destination, it drops its precious cargo and sends it floating by paper parachute to the clinic below.
当无人机到达目的地时,它会放下其珍贵货物并用纸质降落伞将其漂放至下面的诊所.
This service has cut the delivery time from hours to minutes, saving countless lives.
这项服务将交付时间从小时缩短到分钟,挽救了无数人的生命.
Fun and Games Drones can be used for serious purposes, but they have more entertaining uses, too.
娱乐和游戏"无人机"可以用于严肃目的,但也有较多的娱乐用途.
One of the newest is competitive drone racing.
最新的一个是竞技无人机赛跑.
Drone races can offer participants and viewers “an exciting, real-life experience mixed with video-gamelike dynamics,” according to Nicholas Horbaczewski, founder of the Drone Racing League (DRL).
无人机赛可以提供参与者和观众“令人兴奋的、真实的经历,
Small, illuminated drones fly at nearly 129 kilometers (80 mi.)
小型被照亮的无人机飞行了近129公里(80米.
per hour through an obstacle course set up in a large indoor structure such as an abandoned shopping mall or sports stadium.
每小时通过一个障碍课程,设置在大型室内结构中,如废弃的购物中心或体育场.
Pilots on the ground use joysticks to maneuver their drones along the course.
地面上的飞行员使用活棒操纵航道上的无人机.
Tiny cameras mounted on the drones feed exciting video to headsets worn by pilots.
装在无人机上的小型相机 给飞行员戴的耳机提供令人兴奋的视频
The view makes them feel as though they are riding on the speeding drone.
观点让他们觉得好像骑着超速无人机
The Drone Racing League races custom drones (inset) during the Allianz World Championship.
德龙跑道联盟在阿利亚兹世锦赛期间出赛定制无人机(被套入).
The league wants the races to be as thrilling as possible.
联赛希望赛事尽可能刺激.
This is why they don’t expect pilots to use their own drones.
因此他们不期望飞行员使用自己的无人机。
Instead, race organizers provide the drones for each competition and bring a drone “pit crew” to make repairs and keep drones flying.
相反,赛事组织者为每场比赛提供无人机,并带来无人机"舱组"进行修理并让无人机继续飞行.
That way, pilots won’t have to worry about possibly crashing and ruining a prized piece of equipment.
这样,飞行员就不必担心可能撞倒和毁坏一具珍贵的设备了。
Many see this new sport as something that will grow in popularity and attract fans who now enjoy car races or video games.
许多人认为这项新运动会越来越受欢迎,
Some sports television channels have even broadcast drone race competitions.
一些体育电视频道甚至播出了无人机竞技比赛.
Drone races are held around the globe.
无人机比赛在全球各地举行.
It seems this sport of the future is really taking off!
看来这个未来的运动真的要开始了!
More than one hundred pilots vied for $50,000 in prize money at the 2016 National Drone Racing Championships in New York City.
100多位飞行员在2016年纽约市全国无人机赛跑锦标赛上以5万美元奖金维生.
Special Challenges As drone use increases, it presents new challenges.
特殊挑战 随着无人机使用量的增加,它提出了新的挑战.
Regulators are concerned that drones may pose a hazard to conventional fixed-wing aircraft and standard-sized helicopters.
监管人员担心无人机可能对常规固定翼飞机和标准的直升机造成危害.
Unlike commercial aircraft, drones are not required to file flight plans and do not show up on flight radar.
与商用飞机不同,无人机不需要提交飞行计划,也不出现在飞行雷达上.
Because drones are so small, they can be hard for pilots to see until it is too late.
因为无人机如此之小,飞行员很难看到,直到太晚了.
And since independently operated drones have no way to communicate with each other, they may collide.
而由于独立操作的无人机无法相互通信,它们可能会相撞.
For these reasons, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is working to set guidelines for drone operators.
由于这些原因,联邦航空管理局(FAA)正在努力为无人机运营商制定准则.
As of 2017, drone operators must be licensed.
截至2017年,无人机运营商必须获得许可.
They must notify airports if they will be flying a drone within 8 kilometers (5 mi.)
如果飞机在8公里(5英里)以内,
control drone could put bystanders in danger.
无人机控制会让旁观者陷入危险
Stop Looking at Me!
别看我了!
Safety is not the only drone concern.
安全不是唯一的无人机问题。
Privacy is another.
隐私是另一个。
Most people don’t want a flying robot filming them at home.
多数人不希望飞行机器人在家里拍摄。
Some communities have banned drones fitted with smartphones or cameras from flying in residential areas.
一些社区禁止配有智能手机或相机的无人机在居民区飞行.
Conclusion Even with the risks, it seems drones are here to stay.
结论 即使有风险 无人机似乎也会留下来
Years ago, people looking to the future predicted that humans would rely on robots to do many tasks they could not or did not want to do.
多年前,展望未来的人预测人类会依靠机器人完成许多他们不能或不想完成的任务.
That prediction seems to be coming true as “flying robots” assume a larger role in our lives.
随着“飞行机器人”在我们生活中发挥更大的作用,这种预测似乎已经实现。
Drones, combined with other technological advances, present opportunities for making lives better and letting us see the world from a new perspective.
无人驾驶飞机与其他技术进步相结合,为改善生活和让我们从新角度看待世界提供了机会。
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Drones may someday replace fireworks.
无人机总有一天会取代烟花
Swarms of tiny drones equipped with bright multicolored lights can be programmed to fly in formation and create dazzling displays.
装有明亮多色灯光的小型无人机的斯沃克斯可被编程成编组飞行并创建出出有眩晕的显示器.
Drones light up the sky during an arts festival in Sydney, Australia.
无人机在澳大利亚悉尼的艺术节上点亮了天空.
Glossary agility (n.)
词汇灵活性(n.)
the ability to move quickly and easily (p.
能够快速而轻松地移动(p.
7) collide (v.)
7)相撞(五.
to crash into something violently or forcefully (p.
以暴力或强力方式撞入某种物体(p.
14) customized (adj.)
14)定制(adj.
changed to be more personalized or to fit special requirements (p.
改为更个性化或符合特殊要求(p.
11) drone (n.)
11)无人驾驶飞机(n.
an unmanned aircraft or ship that is operated remotely (p.
无人驾驶飞机或遥控船只(p.
4) Federal Aviation Administration (n.)
4) 联邦航空管理局(n.
(n.)
(无)