“Never Give In”
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents One Goal Only: Victory.
只有一个目标:胜利。
4 Young Winston.
4 年轻的温斯顿。
5 Soaring Energy, Deep Despair, Sharp Wit.
5 迅猛能源, 深度绝望, Sharp Wit.
7 In Service to the Government.
7 为政府服务。
8 Britain Besieged.
8 英国贝西格德。
11 Victory at Last, but at Great Cost.
11 胜利终于胜利,但代价很高。
13 Final Years.
13 最后几年。
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 One Goal Only: Victory In October 1941, Great Britain’s prime minister, Winston Churchill, spoke at Harrow, the school he had gone to as a boy.
16 只有一个目标:胜利 1941年10月,大不列颠首相温斯顿·丘吉尔在哈罗(Harrow)发表演讲,他小时候就读的学校.
The nation was facing a dark time.
国家正面临着一个黑暗的时代。
World War II was being fought, and Germany had conquered most of Western Europe.
二战被打,德国已经征服了西欧的大部分地区.
Britain stood alone against the power of Germany.
英国孤军奋战,反对德国强权.
Despite the danger to his country, Churchill was undaunted.
尽管他的国家面临了危险,丘吉尔还是无所畏惧.
For him, there could be just one goal for Britain: victory, whatever the cost.
对于他来说,英国可能只有一个目标:胜利,无论付出什么代价.
No matter how desperate the situation, Churchill told his listeners, “Never give in—never, never, never!”
无论局势多么绝望,丘吉尔都告诉他的听众,“决不屈服,决不屈服!”
Churchill lived by those words throughout his life.
丘吉尔一生都在听这些话
He never gave in—to the enemies of Great Britain, to his political opponents, or to his own personal challenges.
他从未屈服于大不列颠的敌人、他的政敌或他自己的挑战。
Winston Churchill, prime minister of Great Britain, greets a crowd outside his office before meeting with King George VI on August 19, 1941.
大不列颠首相温斯顿·丘吉尔(Winston Churchill)在1941年8月19日与国王乔治六世相会前,在办公室外迎接了一群人.
Young Winston Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born on November 30, 1874, at a family estate near Oxford, England.
年轻的温斯顿·温斯顿·伦纳德·斯宾塞·丘吉尔于1874年11月30日生于英国牛津附近的一家家庭庄园.
He was born into an aristocratic family with a long history of government and military service.
他生于一个贵族家庭,长期从事政事和兵役.
Winston’s father, Randolph Churchill, was a well-known figure in conservative politics.
温斯顿的父亲兰多夫·丘吉尔是保守派政治界的著名人物.
His mother, Jennie Jerome, was an American.
他的母亲Jennie Jerome是美国人.
As a boy, Winston showed little promise.
作为一个男孩,温斯顿表现出很少的承诺。
His grades at school were average at best.
他在学校的分数最多是平均的。
Rather than going to Oxford or Cambridge University— the best universities in England—he entered the Royal Military Academy of Sandhurst.
而不是去牛津或剑桥大学——英国最好的大学——他进入了桑德赫斯特皇家军事学院.
He graduated in 1894 and became an officer in the cavalry.
1894年毕业后出任骑兵团军官.
The young officer was sent to India, which was an important part of Britain’s colonial empire.
这位年轻的军官被派往了印度,印度是英国殖民帝国的重要组成部分.
While on duty there, he published a book about an Indian revolt against British rule in a northwest province.
在那里值班期间,他出版了一本关于印度起义反抗西北一省的英国统治的书.
It was the first of many nonfiction books he would write.
这是他写的许多非小说类书籍中的第一本。
In 1899, after leaving the army, Churchill became a writer for the London Morning Post newspaper.
1899年,出军后,丘吉尔出任"伦敦早报"的作家.
He went to South Africa to report on the Boer War, a rebellion against British rule by descendants of Dutch settlers, called Boers.
他前往南非报道了布尔战争,荷兰定居者的后人发动了反抗英国统治的叛乱,称为布尔斯.
Soon after he arrived, Boer soldiers ambushed an armored train carrying Churchill and more than one hundred British troops.
到达不久后,布尔士兵就伏击了一辆载有丘吉尔和一百多名英军的装甲列车.
The attackers captured Churchill and several dozen British soldiers and put them in prison.
袭击者俘虏了丘吉尔和几十名英国士兵并把他们关入监狱.
Churchill refused to give up.
丘吉尔拒绝放弃.
On a December night, he slipped over the prison wall.
12月一晚,他从监狱墙上滑倒.
He evaded capture for nine days and fled to freedom.
他躲避被俘九天后逃到自由地去.
His daring escape made him a national hero.
他大胆出逃使他成为了民族英雄.
Churchill returned home in 1900.
1900年丘吉尔回国.
Just twenty- six years of age, he had already published four nonfiction books about the British military.
仅仅26岁,他已经出版了四本关于英国军队的非虚构书籍.
Churchill became a cavalry officer at age 20.
丘吉尔20岁成为骑兵军官.
Churchill was captured by Louis Botha, who later became the first prime minister of what is now South Africa.
丘吉尔被路易·博塔所俘,他后来成为了现在南非的第一任总理.
Soaring Energy, Deep Despair, Sharp Wit Churchill could write very quickly when he was inspired.
迅猛的能量,深渊的绝望,夏普·维特·丘吉尔(英语:Sharp Wit Churchill)在受到启发后可以迅速写作.
He was often able to work with great energy.
他经常能以巨大的精力工作.
Over his lifetime, he wrote forty-three books.
在整个生平中他写了43本书.
In his forties, Churchill developed another interest—art—and pursued it with equal energy.
在四十年代,丘吉尔发展出另一种兴趣——艺术,并以同样的精力追求艺术。
Over a period of forty-eight years, he made more than five hundred paintings.
在48年的时间里他创作了500多幅画作.
However, Churchill’s periods of creative energy were often followed by terrible depressions, which he called “my black dog.”
然而,丘吉尔的创造力时期经常会伴随着可怕的萧条,他称之为"我的黑狗". “
Churchill struggled with his black dog many times throughout his life.
丘吉尔一生中多次与他的黑狗相搏.
When the black dog was away, Churchill had a great sense of humor.
黑狗出走后,丘吉尔有很强的幽默感.
He had a reputation for wit, and that wit could be biting.
他有智慧的名声 而这种智慧可能是被咬的
He called one of his political opponents, Clement Attlee, “a modest man with much to be modest about.”
他称他的政治对手之一克莱门特·阿特利为“一个谦虚的人,对此事非常谦虚。 “
In Service to the Government Churchill was ambitious in his political career.
丘吉尔在政治生涯中雄心勃勃。
He wanted to work at the highest levels of government.
他想在政府最高层工作。
Shortly after his return from South Africa in 1900, he was elected to Parliament and served for five years.
1900年从南非回国后不久被选入议会并任职五年.
In 1908, Churchill married a young aristocratic woman, Clementine Hozier.
1908年,丘吉尔与一位年轻的贵族女性克莱门汀·霍齐尔结婚.
They would have five children together.
他们有五个孩子
After serving in several important government posts, Churchill was chosen to head the Royal Navy in 1911.
在几个重要的政府岗位上任职后,丘吉尔被选为1911年的皇家海军司令.
During World War I (1914–1918), he pushed for a military operation in Turkey.
第一次世界大战(1914–1918)期间,他推动土耳其的军事行动.
That effort ended in a major defeat for Great Britain and its allies, costing Churchill his position with the navy.
这一努力以大不列颠及其盟国的重大失败而告终,使丘吉尔在海军中失去了他的地位。
To repair his reputation, Churchill rejoined the army and led troops fighting the Germans in France.
为了修复他的名声,丘吉尔重新加入军队并率领部队在法国与德军作战.
One year before the war’s end, Churchill returned to the government and was put in charge of weapons production.
在战争结束前一年,丘吉尔回到了政府,被安排负责武器生产.
As part of his work, he helped develop the first combat tanks.
作为他工作的一部分,他帮助开发了第一批作战坦克.
Churchill struggled with periods of depression throughout his life.
丘吉尔一生在萧条时期挣扎.
After the war, Churchill continued to serve on and off in Parliament, but one prime minister after another denied him high office.
战后,丘吉尔继续在议会上下任职,但一位又一位总理否认他担任要职.
They didn’t agree with Churchill’s thinking about many important issues.
他们不同意丘吉尔关于许多重要问题的想法。
Churchill was against giving in to people in India who wanted independence from the British Empire.
丘吉尔反对让位于印度想要脱离大英帝国独立的人.
He also argued unsuccessfully that Britain should expand its military in the 1930s after Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party came to power in Germany.
他还主张英国在1930年代阿道夫·希特勒和纳粹党在德国上台后扩张军事,但未能成功.
Churchill’s fears about Nazi Germany were well founded.
丘吉尔对纳粹德国的担忧是有根据的.
Hitler strengthened Germany’s military and formed an alliance with Italy and Japan called the Axis.
希特勒加强了德国的军事实力,与意大利和日本结成了称为轴心国(Axis)的联盟.
Hitler made one demand after another for more territory in Europe.
希特勒不断要求欧洲拥有更多领土
When Hitler threatened to invade Czechoslovakia in 1938, Britain’s prime minister, Neville Chamberlain, flew to Germany.
1938年希特勒威胁入侵捷克斯洛伐克后,英国首相内维尔·张伯伦飞往德国.
Chamberlain arranged a deal that gave Germany part of Czechoslovakia’s territory in exchange for peace.
张伯伦安排了一个交易,让德国部分捷克斯洛伐克领土换取和平.
Once back in Britain, Chamberlain said he believed he had secured “peace for our time.”
张伯伦回到英国后说,他认为他已经“为我们这个时代实现了和平”。 “
Churchill publicly opposed the deal.
丘吉尔公开反对这项交易.
In a speech before Parliament, Churchill said of Chamberlain, “You were given the choice between war and dishonor.
丘吉尔在议会的一次演讲中对张伯伦说,“你得到了战争和耻辱之间的选择。
You chose dishonor, and you will have war.”
你选择了耻辱,你会有战争。 “
Six months later, Germany broke the agreement and seized the rest of Czechoslovakia.
六个月后,德国违反协议并夺取了捷克斯洛伐克的其余部分.
In September 1939, Germany invaded Poland, igniting World War II.
1939年9月,德国入侵波兰,引发了二战.
The first months of the war went badly for Britain, leading Chamberlain to resign as prime minister.
战争的头几个月对英国不利,导致张伯伦辞去首相职务.
Britain’s King George VI, realizing that the nation needed a strong leader, named Churchill to replace him on May 10, 1940.
英国国王乔治六世意识到国家需要一个强大的领袖,于1940年5月10日取名丘吉尔来取而代之.
Adolf Hitler (left), recently made chancellor, shakes hands with Germany’s president in 1933.
阿道夫·希特勒(左翼),最近担任议长,1933年同德国总统握手.
British prime minister Neville Chamberlain attempted unsuccessfully to avoid war with Germany during the late 1930s.
英国首相内维尔·张伯伦(Neville Chamberlain)在1930年代后期试图避免与德国开战而未果.
Britain Besieged In his address to Parliament three days later, Churchill warned that the days ahead would be difficult.
英国 三天后丘吉尔在向议会发表讲话时警告说,未来的日子会很困难.
“I have nothing to offer,” he said, “but blood, toil, tears, and sweat.”
他说,“我没有什么可提供的,但血、劳累、眼泪和出汗。 “
Those serious words soon became a reality.
这些严肃的话很快成为现实。
Beginning in July and continuing for nearly four months—a period known as the Battle of Britain—German planes bombed airfields, factories, ports, and, eventually, London.
从7月开始,持续了近四个月——这段时期被称为不列颠之战——德国飞机轰炸了机场、工厂、港口,并最终轰炸了伦敦。
Hitler wanted to invade England, but the Royal Air Force (RAF) stood in his way.
希特勒想入侵英格兰,但英国皇家空军(RAF)挡住他.
The German navy could not invade across the English Channel unless the RAF was defeated.
德国海军不能入侵英吉利海峡,除非皇家空军被击败.
Day after day, RAF pilots battled German fighters and bombers in the skies over England.
日复一日,RAF飞行员在英国上空与德军战斗机和轰炸机交战.
Although the RAF suffered terrible losses, the Germans were never able to destroy its ability to fight, and Hitler had to call off the invasion.
虽然皇家空军遭受了可怕的损失,但德军却始终无法摧毁其作战能力,希特勒不得不取消入侵.
Thanking the RAF fighter pilots on behalf of the nation, Churchill said that never before “was so much owed by so many to so few.”
丘吉尔在代表国家感谢皇家空军战斗机飞行员时说,“如此之多的人对如此之多的人负有如此之多的责任。 “
Over the years, Churchill formed a close relationship with U.
多年来,丘吉尔与U形成了密切的关系.
S.
师曰.
President Franklin D.
富兰克林·德总统.
Roosevelt and asked him for help.
罗斯福请他帮忙
The United States sent Britain military supplies, including ships and tanks.
美国派遣了英国的军需物资,包括船只和坦克.
It also began providing supplies to the Soviet Union, which was thrust into the war in June 1941 by a German invasion of Russia.
它还开始为苏联提供补给,苏联于1941年6月被德军入侵俄国所推入战争.
On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked the U.
1941年12月7日,日本进攻乌军.
S.
师曰.
Union, and other opponents of the Axis joined forces as the Allies.
联盟,以及轴心国的其他反对者作为盟军联合.
Throughout the war, Churchill was an inspiration to his nation.
在整个战争中,丘吉尔都是他的国家的灵感.
He worked long hours in an underground command center, made speeches to rally the people, and visited areas of London damaged by bombs.
他在一个地下指挥中心工作了很长的时间,发表演讲来召集人民,并访问了被炸弹破坏的伦敦地区.
He never backed down from his message that Britain would never give in to the Germans.
他从未背弃过英国绝不向德国人屈服的信息.
Churchill meets with U.
丘吉尔会见U.
S.
师曰.
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1942.
1942年担任富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福总统.
Churchill inspects damage in London after a German air raid in 1940.
丘吉尔在1940年德国空袭后检查了伦敦的损失.
Victory at Last, but at Great Cost In late 1942, the tide of the war began to turn.
最终胜利,但代价高昂 1942年末,战潮开始转向.
In November, the Allies pushed the German army out of North Africa.
11月,盟军将德军赶出北非.
Meanwhile, the Soviet army fought the Germans in the east, and Allied bombers pounded German targets.
与此同时,苏联军队在东部与德军作战,盟军轰炸机向德军目标出击.
Soviet leader Joseph Stalin urged Roosevelt and Churchill to launch an invasion from the west.
苏联领导人约瑟夫·斯大林敦促罗斯福和丘吉尔从西方发动入侵.
Finally, they did so.
最后,他们这样做了。
On June 6, 1944—known as D-Day—a huge Allied invasion force landed on the coast of France.
1944年6月6日——被称作"D-Day"——一支庞大的盟军入侵部队从法国海岸登陆.
In August, Allied forces freed France from Nazi control.
8月,盟军从纳粹控制下解放了法国.
On May 7, 1945, Germany finally surrendered.
1945年5月7日,德国最终投降.
Speaking to a London crowd, Churchill said, “This is your victory!
丘吉尔对伦敦的人群说,“这是你的胜利!
It is the victory of the cause of freedom in every land.”
这是自由事业在每一地的胜利。 “
Sadly, President Roosevelt was not around to enjoy the moment.
可悲的是,罗斯福总统没有在身边享受这一时刻。
He had died of a stroke the month before.
他上个月因中风而死。
Four months later, Japan surrendered as well.
四个月后,日本也投降了.
World War II was finally over.
二战最终结束.
Widespread rejoicing was tempered by reflection on the terrible costs of the conflict.
对冲突所付出的可怕代价的反思减少了人们的欢欣鼓舞。
More than 40 million people around the world had died.
全世界有4 000多万人已经死亡。
Final Years The world was now at peace, but political events took an unexpected turn for Churchill in 1945.
最后年份 现在世界已经和平了,但政治事件在1945年使丘吉尔出现了出人意料的转折.
In July, war-weary Britons rejected Churchill’s Conservative Party and voted the Labor Party into power.
7月,战争疲惫的不列颠人拒绝了丘吉尔的保守党,将工党投票执政.
No longer prime minister, Churchill fell into a depression.
不再担任总理,丘吉尔陷入了萧条.
In 1947, Churchill was alarmed by another development when Britain granted India its independence.
1947年,在英国给予印度独立时,丘吉尔对又一事态发展感到震惊.
Churchill had insisted that Britain never give in to India’s desire to leave the British Empire, but that empire was now coming to an end.
丘吉尔坚持英国绝不屈服于印度离开大英帝国的愿望,但这个帝国现在正在走向终结.
Churchill gives the “V for victory” sign while celebrating the end of the war in Europe.
丘吉尔在庆祝欧洲战争结束的同时,给“胜利V”标志。
A Defiant Voice One of Churchill’s most famous wartime speeches was given on June 4, 1940.
一个不言自明的声音 丘吉尔最出名的战时演说之一于1940年6月4日发表.
The German military had just dealt a crushing defeat to French and British forces in France, and the mood throughout the country was grim.
德国军队刚刚击败了法国和英国在法国的军队,全国的情绪十分严峻.
When Churchill spoke that day, he said, in part: “We shall not flag or fail.
当丘吉尔当天发言时,他部分地说:“我们不会旗帜鲜明,也不会失败。
We shall go on to the end.
我们将继续到最后。
We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air.
我们将在法国作战,我们将在海洋上作战,我们将在空中以越来越大的信心和越来越大的力量作战。
We shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be.
无论付出什么代价,我们都要保卫我们的岛屿。
We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender.
我们要在海滩上战斗,在登陆地上战斗,在田地上和街道上战斗,在山地上战斗;决不投降.
Churchill’s speech helped unite the country and made people more willing to continue the war effort.
丘吉尔的演讲帮助统一了国家,使人民更愿意继续战争努力.
In 1953, while serving one last time as prime minister, Churchill was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.
1953年,丘吉尔在最后一次担任总理期间被授予诺贝尔文学奖.
He was forced to resign from the government in 1955 because of ill health, but he continued writing.
1955年他因为身体不适而被迫辞去政府职务,但他继续写作.
In 1958, he completed one of his most important pieces of writing, A History of the English-Speaking Peoples.
1958年,他完成了他最重要的著作"英语民族史"之一.
In 1963, Churchill became the first person ever to be named an honorary citizen of the United States by an act of Congress.
1963年,丘吉尔成为第一个被国会法案命名为美国荣誉公民的人.
It was one of his final honors.
这是他最后的荣誉之一。
He died on January 24, 1965, at the age of ni net y.
他于1965年1月24日逝世,享年一岁. ni net y.
Honoring Churchill, British Prime Minister Harold Wilson called him “the greatest man any of us have known.”
尊敬的丘吉尔,英国首相哈罗德·威尔逊称他为“我们中最伟大的人。 “
Glossary ambitious having a strong desire to succeed (adj.)
具有强烈成功愿望的宏大词汇(adj.)
or achieve (p.
或实现(p.
8) aristocratic of or relating to a society’s highest social (adj.)
8) 社会最高社会的贵族或与之有关(adj.)
class, whose members are usually wealthy and powerful (p.
阶级,其成员通常富裕而有势力(p.
5) depressions periods of unhappiness and (n.)
5)抑郁期不快和 (n.
hopelessness (p.
无望 (p.
7) empire (n.)
7) 帝国 (n.
a collection of nations or people ruled by one person or government (p.
由一人或政府统治的国家或人民汇编(p.
5) Nobel Prize one of six prizes awarded each year for (n.)
5)诺贝尔奖每年颁发6个奖项之一(n.
work in chemistry, economics, literature, medicine, or physics, or for advancing the cause of world peace (p.
从事化学、经济学、文学、医学或物理学方面的工作,或促进世界和平事业的工作(p.
15) Parliament the lawmaking body of the (n.)
15) 议会(n.)立法机构。
government of the United Kingdom (p.
联合王国政府(第2页)
8) politics (n.)
8)政治 (n.
activities having to do with government (p.
与政府有关的活动(第2页)
5) prime the leader of the government in most minister (n.)
5)在大多数大臣中担任政府领导人(n.
countries that have a parliament (p.
拥有议会的国家(p.
4) rally (v.)
4) 集会(五.
to inspire or encourage people during difficult circumstances (p.
在困难情况下激励或鼓励人们(p.
12) toil (n.)
12) 劳役 (n.
difficult or unpleasant work (p.
困难或不愉快的工作(p.
11) undaunted unafraid of continuing in spite of (adj.)
11)不顾(adj.
dangers or difficulties (p.
危险或困难(p.
4) wit (n.)
4) 机智 (n.
a talent for using words and ideas in clever and amusing ways (p.
以聪明和幽默的方式使用文字和思想的才华(第3页)。
7) Churchill works on one of his many paintings during a visit to Florida in 1946.
7)丘吉尔在1946年访问佛罗里达期间为他创作了多幅画作之一.