South Korea
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Where Is It?
内容表在哪里?
4 People.
4个人。
6 Land.
6地.
8 History.
8 历史.
10 Celebrations.
10个庆典.
12 Food.
12 粮.
13 Conclusion.
13 结论。
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 Tsushima Island (Japan) Where Is It?
16 鹤岛 (日本) 它在哪里?
South Korea, officially named the Republic of Korea, is a small country in East Asia.
被正式命名为"大韩民国"的韩国是东亚的一个小国.
At 99,720 square kilometers (38,502 sq.
面积99,720平方千米(38,502平方公克.
mi.)
(中文(简体) ).
, it’s slightly smaller than the country of Iceland.
与冰岛相比,
It is located on the southern part of the Korean peninsula.
它地处朝鲜半岛南部.
Surrounded by water on three sides, South Korea shares only its northern border with another country—North Korea.
南朝鲜在三面被水所包围,
The Sea of Japan, called the East Sea by the people in the region, is on the peninsula’s eastern border.
日本海被该地区人民称为"东海",位于半岛东部边界.
The East China Sea lies to the south, and the Yellow Sea lies to the west.
华东地区 海地相接而南;黄海相接而西.
A narrower strip of water called the Korea Strait separates South Korea from the Japanese island of Tsushima.
一条被称作"韩国海峡"的狭长水带将韩国与日本的鹤岛岛相分离.
South Korea’s closest neighbors are Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and China to the north and west across the Yellow Sea.
韩国最相近的邻国是东接日本,北接朝鲜,北接中国,西接黄海.
With more than nine million people, South Korea’s capital city of Seoul is the country’s largest city.
韩国首都首尔拥有超过900万人,是韩国最大的城市.
It’s also one of the largest cities in the entire world.
它也是全世界最大的城市之一。
Seoul is located in the northwestern part of the country on the Han River.
汉口地处汉口西北部汉口河上.
Although today’s Seoul is a modern center of trade and business, it’s also an important historic landmark.
尽管今天的首尔是现代贸易和商业中心,但它也是一个重要的历史地标。
The downtown region is enclosed by walls originally built more than six hundred years ago.
市中心地区被六百多年前最初建造的城墙所封闭.
It contains centuries-old palaces, shrines, fortress gates, and royal gardens.
它包含了有上个世纪历史的宫殿,神殿,要塞门和皇家花园.
There are also examples of a humbler type of building: the traditional South Korean house, called a hanok.
也有一些更谦卑的建筑类型的例子: 传统的"南会馆",被称作"hanok".
Designed to stay comfortable in winter’s bitterly cold temperatures, hanoks have a special heating system that carries hot air through channels beneath the stone floor.
在冬季寒冷的温度中保持舒适,hanoks拥有一种特殊的取暖系统,通过石地板下的渠道承载热空气.
More than 60 percent of Seoul’s people live in modern apartments that use an under-the- floor heating system inspired by the hanok.
首尔超过60%的人住在现代公寓里,
One of the Five Grand Palaces in Seoul is located in the heart of the city.
首尔五大宫之一位于市中心.
A Respectful People People More than forty-nine million people live in South Korea, most of them in urban environments.
尊重人民 超过4900万人生活在韩国,其中大部分生活在城市环境中.
Aside from a small minority of Chinese and other non- Korean Asians, most South Koreans are the same ethnicity and speak the same language—Korean.
除了少数华人和其他非朝鲜族的亚裔外,大多数南朝鲜人也是同族并说同族语言-韩语.
Until recently, North and South Korea were the only places to find large populations of Korean- speaking people.
直到最近,朝鲜和南朝鲜是唯一找到大量讲朝鲜语的人的地方。
Since the fifteenth century, the language has had its own alphabet, called Hangul (HAHNG-gul).
自十五世纪起,该语言有自有的字母表,取名"汉口"(HAHNG-gul).
Hangul is similar to the alphabet used in English in that each letter stands for a specific sound—unlike Chinese characters, for example, where different symbols can stand for entire words.
Hangul与英语使用的字母表相似,每个字母代表一个特定的声音——例如,不同的符号可以代表整个单词。
South Koreans work in many different types of jobs.
韩国人从事许多不同类型的工作.
About half of the country’s economy is based on exported goods.
该国约一半的经济以出口商品为基础。
Many people work in manufacturing, making cars, ships, and other items that will be exported.
许多人从事制造,制造汽车,船只等将出口的物品.
South Korea also has jobs in computer-related technologies.
韩国在计算机相关技术领域也有工作.
In traditional Korean life, people stand when an older person enters the room.
在朝鲜传统生活中,老人入室时人们会站起.
If shaking hands, the younger person is supposed to wait for the elder to offer a hand.
如果握手,年轻人应该等长者伸出手。
A young boy waits to shake the South Korean president’s hand in 2007.
2007年一少年等与韩国总统握手.
Family is important in Korean society.
家庭在韩国社会很重要.
Sometimes two or three generations live together in a single household, although this is becoming less common.
有时两到三代同住一户人家,虽然这种情况越来越少见.
Elders and family are honored in traditional South Korean practices.
年长者和家庭在韩国的传统习俗中享有荣誉。
People keep records of their family history and have special food and ceremonies on holidays.
人们保留家庭历史记录,在节假日有特别的食物和仪式.
Many South Koreans see education as the key to success and power.
许多韩国人将教育视为成功和权力的关键.
Family life often centers around children’s education.
家庭生活往往以儿童教育为中心。
Children are often excused from chores so they can work at their studies.
儿童往往被免去做家务,以便他们能够从事学习。
According to the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development, Korean students rank among the best readers and problem solvers of its member nations.
经济合作与发展组织认为,韩国学生是其成员国最优秀的读者和解决问题者之一.
South Koreans have a wide range of religious beliefs.
南朝鲜人有着广泛的宗教信仰.
Christianity, Buddhism, Confucianism, and shamanism are the four major religions, and Islam is practiced as well.
基督教,佛教,儒教,萨满教是四大宗教,伊斯兰教也实行.
After a regular school day, many students go to a school called a hagwon (HAH-gwon) to study languages, math, or music.
在正常的放学后,许多学生会去一个叫"花花"(HAH-gwon)的学校学习语言,数学,或音乐.
Land Hills and mountains cover South Korea; only a small amount of the land is flat enough for farming.
地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地
The Taebaek (TE- bek) Mountains run along the eastern coast, with several mountain ranges branching off and running roughly east–west.
泰拜克号(TE-bek) 山脉沿着东海岸行走,有几座山脉分出并大致呈东西走向.
Most of the mountains are less than 1,219 meters (4,000 ft.)
山地多为不足1,219米(4,000英尺).
in elevation.
在高处。
The highest peak is 1,950-meter (6,398 ft.)
最高峰为1,950米(6,398英尺).
Mount Halla, also known as Hallasan.
哈拉山(英語:Mount Halla)又名哈拉山.
Mount Halla is an extinct volcano on Jeju, one of two volcanic islands off the southern tip of the Korean Peninsula.
哈拉山(英語:Mount Hala)是位于朝鲜半岛南端外的两个火山岛之一的济州已灭绝的火山.
South Korea’s eastern coastline is fairly straight.
韩国东部海岸线相当平坦.
However, the rest of the country’s coast is broken up by numerous rivers and streams to form countless inlets and more than 3,500 small islands.
然而,该国沿海其他地区被多条河流和溪流所分解,形成无数的入海口和3500多座小岛.
Lining the narrow lowlands are streams and rivers with some of the highest tides in the world.
将狭长的地势低地线化为溪流和河流,有些潮汐位居世界之最.
At Incheon, the port city beside Seoul, the water level varies about 9 meters (30 ft.)
在仁川,首尔一带的港口城市,水位相差约9米(30英尺).
That’s enough to cover a three-story house.
这足以覆盖一栋三层楼的房子。
Most of South Korea’s rural population lives in the coastal and inland plains region in the western and southern parts of the country.
韩国大部分农村人口生活在该国西部和南部的沿海和内陆平原地区.
The plains provide fertile farmland for growing rice and vegetables.
平原为种植水稻和蔬菜提供肥沃的农田.
Because of the country’s location in a temperate zone, South Korea has four seasons.
由于该国地处温带,韩国有四个赛季.
Temperatures range from an average of −6°C (21°F) in winter to highs of 27–32°C (80–90°F) in summer.
气温从冬季--6°C(21°F)到夏季-高27-32°C(80-90°F)不等.
Summer also brings the rainy season, when the country gets more than half its yearly rainfall.
夏季也带来雨季,该国年降雨量超过一半。
During this season, South Korea is sometimes hit by typhoons.
本季中,韩国有时会受台风袭击.
Heavy flooding is common.
严重的洪灾很常见.
Rice fields, or paddies, thrive in South Korea.
稻田或稻田在韩国兴起.
History Korea—an area consisting of both North and South Korea—is a region with more than two thousand years of recorded history.
历史 韩国——由南北韩组成的地区——是一个有两千多年历史记录的地区。
People have been living there for at least ten thousand years.
人们在那里生活了至少一万年。
Its location kept it isolated from the world for hundreds of years.
它的位置使它与世界隔绝了数百年.
Historians think that Koreans originally came from Mongolia and Siberia.
历史学家认为朝鲜人最初来自蒙古和西伯利亚.
Over many centuries, kingdoms rose to take control as Korea struggled between unity and division.
数个世纪以来,随着韩国在统一和分裂之间进行斗争,王国崛起来控制.
Korea’s internal struggles were further complicated by a series of invasions by China, the Mongolian Empire, and Japan.
韩国的内部斗争被中国,蒙古帝国和日本的一系列入侵进一步复杂化.
In 1905, Japan forced Korea to sign a treaty that put Korea under Japanese control.
1905年,日本强迫韩国签署将朝鲜置于日本控制之下的条约.
Five years later, Japan made Korea a Japanese colony.
五年后,日本使韩国成为日本殖民地.
Korea remained under Japanese control until Japan’s surrender at the end of World War II.
韩国一直由日本控制,直到二战末日本投降.
Koreans still celebrate their freedom yearly on August 15.
韩国人仍每年8月15日庆祝自由.
South Korean students wave their country’s flag to celebrate independence.
韩国学生挥起国旗庆祝独立.
The United Nations planned to return Korea to self- government at the end of World War II.
联合国计划在二战后期让韩国回归自政.
During this time, the United States was in charge of the southern half of the Korean peninsula and the Soviet Union the northern half.
在此期间,美国负责朝鲜半岛南半部和苏联北半部.
However, leaders couldn’t agree on how to establish Korea’s new government.
然而,领导人无法就如何建立韩国新政府达成一致.
The United Nations ordered democratic elections, which South Korea held.
联合国下令进行民主选举,韩国举行了民主选举.
North Korea established a communist form of government.
朝鲜建立了共产主义政府形式.
In 1948, the United Nations recognized South Korea’s government as the only legal government in North and South Korea.
1948年,联合国承认韩国政府是朝鲜和韩国唯一的合法政府.
Two years later, North Korea invaded South Korea in an attempt to bring the divided nation together by force.
两年后,朝鲜入侵韩国,企图用武力把分裂的民族联合起来.
The Korean War had begun.
朝鲜战争已经开始。
It would cost 2.
将花费2美元。
5 million lives and devastate both countries.
500万人的生命并摧毁了两国。
The war ended in 1953 with a cease-fire agreement that left North and South Korea separated by a strip of land 4 kilometers (2.
战争于1953年以停火协议而结束,协议使南北朝鲜被一条被4公里(2公里)长的地段所隔开.
5 mi.)
5 m.) (中文(简体) ).
wide.
宽度。
Although the two countries agreed to a cease-fire, they have never signed an official peace treaty.
虽然两国同意停火,但从未签署过正式的和平条约.
South Korean soldiers patrol the border.
南朝兵出巡边疆.
Celebrations Until the mid-twentieth century, South Korea was an agricultural society.
庆祝活动 直到20世纪中叶,韩国一直是一个农业社会.
Many of its holidays are linked with the moon calendar.
其许多节日与月历相接.
New Year’s Day, called Seollal (SAHL-lahl), is the most important of these festivals.
新年节被称作"Seollal"(SAHL-lahl),是其中最重要的节日.
It’s celebrated with tteokguk (DAWK-gook), or rice cake soup.
或米糕汤。
On this holiday, South Koreans celebrate everyone becoming one year older with gifts, games, and fortune-telling.
南韩人在此节日以礼物、游戏和算命的方式,
A harvest celebration called Chuseok is another important holiday.
一个叫Chuseok的收割庆典是另一个重要的节日.
It’s a time when people gather for family reunions.
现在人们会聚一堂,
Families visit their family tombs and leave food offerings in honor of the dead.
家属参观出家人墓并留下食物祭品以纪念死者.
South Koreans also have a big celebration on a baby’s first birthday.
韩国人也在婴儿一岁生日时举行盛会.
The parents place objects in front of the baby and let the baby choose his or her favorite.
父母在婴儿面前放置物品,让婴儿选择自己最爱的东西.
If the baby picks up a book, he or she will be smart; picking up money means wealth.
如果婴儿拿起一本书,他或她就会很聪明;拿起钱就意味着财富.
Parents hold their baby at her first birthday party.
父母在她的一岁生日派对上抱着孩子.
Plentiful food represents prosperity for the child.
充足的食物代表着孩子的繁荣.
There are probably hundreds of different kinds of kimchi, a pickled vegetable dish that is usually very spicy.
可能有上百种不同的金鱼,一种腌制的蔬菜菜肴,通常非常辣.
The most popular types are cabbage kimchi, radish kimchi, cucumber kimchi, and water kimchi.
最受欢迎的品种有小白菜金chi,萝卜金chi,黄瓜金chi和水金chi等.
Some type of kimchi is served with nearly every traditional meal.
几乎每顿传统餐都提供某种金鸡肉.
Kimchi cabbage kimchi squid kimchi radish kimchi Food South Korean food is often spicy.
金地花菜(朝鲜语:kim) 金地花(朝鲜语:kim) 乌贼 (朝鲜语:kim) 金地花(朝鲜语: ) 金地花(朝鲜语: ) 金地花(朝鲜语: ) 金地花(朝鲜语: ) 金地花(朝鲜语: Korean) 金地花(朝鲜语: Korean) 金地花(朝鲜语: Korean) 金地花(朝鲜语: Korean) 金地花(朝鲜语: Korean) 金地花(朝鲜语: Korean) 金地花(朝鲜语: Korean) 金地花(朝鲜语: ) 金地花(朝鲜语: ) 金地花(朝鲜语: Korean) 金地花(朝鲜: Korean地花) 金地花(朝鲜语: Korean地花) 金地花(朝鲜语: 地花) 金地花(朝鲜语: 地花) 金地花(朝鲜语: Kim地花) 金地花(朝鲜语:金地花) 金地花(朝鲜语:金地花) 南地花(朝鲜语:金地花) 南地花地花(朝鲜语:金地花)
Kimchi, a food similar to spicy sauerkraut, and rice are served at nearly every traditional meal.
金chi(Kimchi),一种类似于辣y菜的食品,而米饭几乎每吃一顿都提供.
Fish and other seafood are also an important part of South Korea’s cuisine, as are pounded rice cakes called tteok (DAWK).
鱼等海鲜也是韩国菜肴中的重要一环,被敲打的米糕也叫"tetok (DAWK)".
There is a saying in South Korea: “Food is the best medicine.”
韩国有一句谚语: “食品是最佳药品。 “
It means that both health and sickness come from the food people eat.
指健康与疾病都出自于人们所吃的食物.
Tradit iona l ly, South Koreans eat seaweed—which many believe improves health—on their birthday.
韩国人生日时吃海藻,
Some women expecting babies eat seaweed to help ensure a healthy birth.
一些孕妇吃海藻,以帮助确保健康分娩。
Another traditional belief is that some foods have mystical powers.
另一种传统信仰是一些食物具有神秘的力量.
For example, a dish consisting of sweet red beans and rice porridge is supposed to chase off evil spirits and help ensure long life.
例如,由甜红豆和米粥组成的一盘菜,应该可以驱赶邪恶之魂并帮助确保长寿.
The bustling capital city of Seoul glistens at night.
连夜奔跑的首尔首都
Conclusion From their country’s bustling cities to its rugged mountains and fertile plains, South Koreans have been united for centuries by a culture that values hard work and respect for family and elders.
结论 数个世纪以来,南朝鲜人从繁多的城市到崎岖的山地和肥沃平原,一直以珍视勤劳并尊重家庭和长者的文化相团结。
This culture and the strength of the South Korean people have enabled the country to triumph over war and poverty.
这种文化和南朝鲜人民的力量使该国能够战胜战争和贫穷。
Today, the country’s trillion-dollar industrial economy is one of the strongest in the world.
今天,我国的万亿美元工业经济是世界上最强的经济之一.
South Korea has become a modern world power—a country and people with a bright future.
韩国已经成为现代世界强国,
Population: 49,115,196 Land: 99,720 sq km (38,502 sq.
人口:49,115,196人 地:99,720平方公里(38,502平方公里.
mi.)
(中文(简体) ).