Tyson: Star Man
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A Star Summer.
内容表 A Star Summer.
4 Falling for Stars.
4为星相倒地.
5 High School Star.
5高校星报.
7 Rising Star.
(原始内容存档于2018-07-27). Rising Star.
9 A Planet Falls, a Star Is Born.
9 A Planet Falls, A Star Is Born. (原始内容存档于2018-10-21).
10 Star Power.
10星电.
13 The Stars Align.
13"星际对称".
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 A Star Summer It was a fantastic summer.
16 A 星际之夏 这是一个奇妙的夏天。
Neil de Grasse Tyson went to his junior high graduation, said goodbye to his family, and boarded the SS Canberra.
尼尔·德·格拉斯·泰森(Neil de Grasse Tyson)去读初中毕业后,与家人告别了,并登上SS堪培拉.
Onboard, he met Neil Armstrong—the first man to walk on the Moon— as well as the famous science fiction writer Isaac Asimov, and hundreds of top scientists.
在船上他结识了尼尔·阿姆斯特朗——第一个在月球上行走的人——以及著名的科幻作家艾萨克·阿西莫夫和上百名顶尖科学家.
They sailed to the coast of West Africa to see a solar eclipse— an event so rare that most people never see one in their lifetime.
他们航行到西非海岸去看日食——这一事件非常罕见,以至于大多数人一生中从未见过日食.
Later that summer, Neil rode a bus for fifty- three hours from his home in New York to California to attend astronomy camp.
那个夏天晚些时候, 尼尔从他在纽约的家坐了53小时的公交车到加州参加天文营.
He had been born in 1958 in New York City, where bright lights, tall buildings, and smog hid most of the stars.
他生于1958年的纽约市,那里的明亮的灯光,高大的建筑,和烟雾把大部分的星星都藏了起来.
In the darkness of the Mojave Desert, he saw thousands of stars clearly for the first time in his life.
在莫哈韦沙漠的黑暗中,他第一次清楚地看到了上千颗恒星.
Neil was only fourteen, but his dream of studying stars was coming true.
尼尔只有14岁,但他学习星星的梦想已经实现.
He had no idea that he would become a star himself.
他根本不知道自己会成为明星
At age fourteen, Neil traveled to Africa by ship to watch a rare solar eclipse.
14岁时,尼尔乘船前往非洲观看罕见的日食.
Falling for Stars Neil’s dream of becoming an astrophysicist began at the Hayden Planetarium in New York City when he was nine.
爱上明星尼尔成为天体物理学家的梦想从他9岁时在纽约市的海登天文馆开始.
He had a hard time believing that the stars and planets projected above him represented the real night sky, but he knew he wanted to learn more about them.
他很难相信上方所投射的恒星和行星代表了真正的夜空,但他知道他想更多地了解它们.
Two years later, the young boy got his first look at the night sky through binoculars.
两年后,小男孩通过望远镜第一次看到夜空.
He saw distant planets and could make out craters on the Moon!
他看见了遥远的行星 并且可以在月球上发现陨石坑!
His parents bought him a small telescope, and he spent hours at night on the top of his apartment building studying the sky.
他的父母给他买了一架小型望远镜,他晚上在他的公寓楼顶上度过了数小时学习天空.
Soon, he wanted a bigger, more expensive telescope.
很快,他想要一台更大的,更昂贵的望远镜.
He walked dogs, at fifty cents per walk, all during junior high school to earn money to buy one.
他走狗,每走50美分, 全部在初中挣钱买一。
Neil was good at many sports, winning medals in swimming and track, and playing on the all-star baseball team.
尼尔擅长多项运动,在游泳和田径方面获得奖牌,并打入了全明星棒球队.
In class, his teachers complained that he liked to talk with his friends too much.
在课堂上,他的老师抱怨他喜欢和朋友谈太多.
He was an average student.
他是个普通学生
That changed when his sixth-grade teacher told him about astronomy classes at the Hayden Planetarium.
当他的六年级老师告诉他海顿天文馆的天文学课时,情况就变了。
He started taking classes on his own.
他开始自己上课.
The more he learned about stars, the more he wanted to learn.
他越了解星星,就越想学习.
The original Hayden Planetarium became a favorite place of young Neil’s (inset).
最初的"海登天文馆"(Hayden Planetarium)成为了年轻尼尔(Inset)最喜爱的地方.
Neil competed as a wrestler in both high school and college.
尼尔在高中和大学都作为摔跤手参加比赛.
High School Star Tyson went to the Bronx High School of Science.
高中生星泰森入读布朗克斯高等理学院.
He was captain of the wrestling team but still found time to attend talks at the Hayden Planetarium and to study stars.
他是摔跤队队长,但仍有时间去海登天文馆参加会谈并学习星星.
Word of his expertise in astronomy spread among family and friends.
他的天文学专长在家人和朋友中流传.
When the appearance of a rare comet made the news in 1973, he accepted an invitation to speak about the event at the City College of New York, using the photos of space that he had taken at astronomy camp.
当1973年罕见彗星的出现成为了这个消息时,他接受了邀请,在纽约市立学院就这个事件发表演讲,他使用了自己在天文学阵营所拍摄的太空相片.
He was fifteen, but he wasn’t nervous speaking to adults because he was talking about what he loved—stars.
他15岁, 但他并不紧张地与成年人交谈,
Plus, he earned fifty dollars for the speech, which was a lot easier than walking a hundred dogs.
此外,他为演讲挣了50美元,这比走一百只狗容易得多.
Tyson needed good grades to attend a top college.
泰森需要好成绩才能上大学
He earned the highest score in a statewide mathematics exam and, by his senior year, he was editor in chief of the physical science journal that the school produced each year.
他在全州数学考试中得分最高,到高三时,他担任了学校每年出品的"物理科学"杂志的主编.
The U.
吴人.
S.
师曰.
Department of Education designated him as “gifted and talented,” but Tyson didn’t like the label because he felt his success was the result of hard work, not just a “gift.”
但泰森不喜欢这个标签, 因为他觉得自己的成功是辛勤工作的结果, “
Tyson applied to the best universities in the United States.
泰森申请了美国最好的大学.
Carl Sagan, a famous scientist and writer, personally answered his application to Cornell University.
著名科学家和作家卡尔·萨根(Carl Sagan)亲自回答了他在康奈尔大学的申请.
Tyson met with Sagan and was impressed with the scientist’s willingness to help a seventeen-year-old kid and his ability to explain complicated scientific ideas to the public.
泰森结识了萨根,对科学家愿意帮助一个17岁的孩子以及他向公众解释复杂的科学思想的能力印象深刻.
This was the man he wanted to be like!
这就是他想要的那个人!
Still, Tyson decided to go to Harvard University.
尽管如此,泰森还是决定进入哈佛大学.
In 1980, he graduated from Harvard with a bachelor’s degree in physics.
1980年,他从哈佛大学毕业,获物理学学士学位.
Then he attended the University of Texas at Austin, where he earned a master’s degree in astronomy three years later.
后就读于德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校,三年后获得天文学硕士学位.
Tyson was on the wrestling and rowing teams at Harvard and performed with a dance group at the University of Texas.
泰森曾入选哈佛大学的摔跤和划艇队,并和德克萨斯大学的一个舞蹈团体一起演出.
He wrote articles for popular astronomy magazines and gave talks.
他为通俗的天文学杂志撰写文章并发表演讲.
He earned his doctorate at Columbia University in 1991, finally reaching his childhood goal of becoming an astrophysicist.
他于1991年在哥伦比亚大学获得博士学位,最终实现了成为天体物理学家的童年目标.
Carl Sagan was a scientist who was very good at explaining difficult ideas.
卡尔·萨根是一个非常擅长解释困难思想的科学家.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
When neighbors called the police about a young man with a telescope fooling around on the apartment roof, Tyson responded by teaching the officers about the planets.
当邻居报警说有个年轻人拿着望远镜在公寓屋顶上玩耍时,泰森通过向警官们传授行星知识来回应.
Rising Star Tyson went to work at Princeton University in New Jersey to research supernovas and galactic bulges, which are tightly packed stars at the center of galaxies.
崛起之星泰森去新泽西州普林斯顿大学工作,研究超新星和银河暴增星,这些恒星被紧紧地包裹在星系中心.
His observations were part of the research that led to a method of measuring distance in space and the discovery of dark energy, a mysterious force that fills much of the universe.
他的观测是研究的一部分,研究导致一种测量空间相距的方法并发现了暗能量,这种神秘的力量充满了宇宙的大部分.
In 1995, he accepted an offer to become director of the Hayden Planetarium and returned to the place where he had first fallen in love with stars.
1995年,他接受了出任"海登天文馆"馆长的提议并回到了最初爱上明星的地方.
The first Hayden Planetarium had been built in 1935.
第一个海登天文馆建于1935年.
Since that time, scientists had learned much more about the universe, and Tyson convinced people that they needed a new planetarium.
从那时起,科学家们对宇宙有了更多的了解,泰森说服人们,他们需要一个新的天文馆.
The old building was torn down, and construction began on a new Hayden Planetarium as part of the Rose Center for Earth and Space.
旧建筑被拆除,并开始在新的海登天文馆上建造,作为地球和空间玫瑰中心的一部分.
Tyson continued writing popular books and articles.
泰森继续撰写受欢迎的书籍和文章.
He appeared on TV as an expert on space.
他在电视上以太空专家的身份出现.
Yet, what would make him famous, or infamous, was the smallest planet in our solar system.
然而,是什么会让他出名,或者臭名昭著, 是我们太阳系中最小的行星。
A Planet Falls, a Star Is Born Pluto was discovered in 1930 and classified by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) as the ninth planet from the Sun.
A Planet Falls)是一颗恒星Is Born Pluto于1930年发现并被国际天文学联合会(IAU)列为第九颗出自太阳的行星.
In 1978, with the discovery of Pluto’s moon, scientists found that Pluto was much smaller than they had thought—smaller than Earth’s moon.
1978年,随着冥王星月球的发现,科学家发现冥王星比他们想象的要小得多——比地上月球还要小.
By the 1990s, scientists were discovering objects similar to Pluto in the Kuiper Belt, an area of orbiting, icy debris beyond Neptune.
到20世纪90年代,科学家们在海王星以外的轨道上发现了与冥王星相类似的物体.
Many scientists thought that Pluto was more similar to these objects than to the other planets.
许多科学家认为冥王星与其他行星相比,更类似于这些天体.
Was Pluto really a planet?
冥王星真的是一个星球吗?
The IAU had never defined a planet, so no one knew.
天文学联盟从未定义过一个星球,所以没有人知道。
Pluto was a big problem for Tyson.
冥王星对泰森来说是个大问题
He wanted the Rose Center to educate people on the newest science, but he did not want to have to change expensive, permanent displays.
他希望玫瑰中心能教育人们了解最新的科学,但他并不想改变昂贵的,永久性的展示.
Should they display tiny, icy Pluto as a planet or not?
难道它们应该像行星一样 展示出小冰冰的冥王星吗?
Kids explore the exhibits inside the Hayden Planetarium.
孩子们在海登天文馆里探索展品
The new Hayden Planetarium opened in 2000 and cost $210 million to build.
新的海登天文馆于2000年开馆并花费了2.1亿美元来建造.
Tyson decided it was more educational to group space objects that were similar.
泰森决定对类似空间物体进行群体化教育.
When the new Rose Center opened in 2000, the rocky planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars—were displayed together.
当新的玫瑰中心于2000年开幕时,多岩石的行星——Mercury、金星、地球和火星——一起展出。
The giant gas planets—Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune—were displayed together.
巨型气体行星——朱皮特、土星、天王星和海王星——一起展示。
Pluto was grouped with similar objects in the Kuiper Belt.
冥王星在克伊珀带中被类似天体分组.
Soon, Tyson’s mailbox was flooded with demands that he show Pluto as a planet.
很快,泰森的邮箱被大量要求他将冥王星作为行星展示.
He received up to two hundred emails a day.
他每天收到多达200封电子邮件。
People loved Pluto.
人们喜欢冥王星
Schoolchildren around the country wrote letters telling Tyson that Pluto was a planet, even if it was small.
全国各地的学童写信告诉泰森说冥王星是一个星球,即使它很小.
Tyson became the man who demoted Pluto.
泰森成为了降级冥王星的人.
During the next few years, scientists discovered more objects in the Solar System, such as Eris, an object in the Kuiper Belt that is larger than Pluto.
在接下来的几年里,科学家们在太阳系中发现了更多的天体,例如"艾瑞斯"(Eris)是库伊珀带中一个大于冥王星的天体.
Was it a planet?
是行星吗?
Other similar objects, like Ceres, which orbits in the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter, were called asteroids.
其他类似物体,如在火星和木星之间的小行星带中轨道运行的Ceres被称作"小行星".
Was Ceres actually a planet, too?
切斯其实也是个行星吗?
The IAU realized that our solar system might soon have hundreds of planets if they did not decide on the definition of a planet.
天文学联盟意识到,如果我们的太阳系没有决定一个行星的定义,那么我们的太阳系可能很快就会有上百个行星。
In 2006, the IAU decided that a planet must: 1) orbit the Sun, 2) have enough mass to crush itself into a sphere, 3) have enough gravity to clear most of the other objects from its orbit.
2006年,天文学联盟决定,地球必须: 1) 绕太阳轨道 2) 质量足以将自己压入一个球体 3) 引力足以使大多数其他物体脱离其轨道.
Pluto did not meet the third requirement, so it was not a planet.
冥王星没有满足第三个要求,所以它不是一个行星.
It was classified in a new category, a dwarf planet.
它被归类为一个新的类别,一个矮行星.
Tyson’s position, though unpopular, turned out to be correct.
泰森的立场虽然不受欢迎,但最终是正确的.
Many dwarf planets are smaller than Earth’s moon.
许多矮行星都比地上月球小.
Charon (KARE-on) is the largest of Pluto’s moons.
Charon (KARE-on) 是冥王星中最大的月球.
Many people were upset when scientists began saying that Pluto might not be a planet.
当科学家们开始说冥王星可能不是一个行星时,许多人感到不快.
Chris Spurgeon, a computer programmer in Los Angeles, California, designed this bumper sticker to protest the change.
克里斯·斯普亨(Chris Spurgeon)是一位位于加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的计算机程序员,他设计了这个保险杠贴纸来抗议这一变化.
Star Power Tyson became the face of space science during the Pluto debate.
星能泰森在冥王星辩论期间成为了空间科学的面孔.
His knowledge, humor, and enthusiasm for space make him a popular guest on news and talk shows.
他的知识,幽默和对太空的热情使他成为了新闻和脱口秀的热门嘉宾.
He has served on science commissions for the U.
他曾经为U担任过科学委员会成员.
S.
师曰.
space agency (NASA) and the White House to help decide the United States’ next goals for space exploration.
美国航天局(NASA)和白宫帮助决定美国下一个空间探索目标.
He still writes science articles and books, has hosted science shows for public television (PBS) and the History Channel, and has a popular radio show called Star Talk.
他仍然写作科学文章和书籍,曾为公共电视(PBS)和历史频道主持过科学节目,并有"星谈"(Star Talk)等受欢迎的收音机节目.
His Twitter site became one of the top 140 sites in the world, and he appeared in a Superman comic book and on the television comedy The Big Bang Theory.
他的Twitter网站也成为了全球前140个网站之一,他出现在了"超人"漫画和电视喜剧"大爆炸理论"中.
Tyson uses his fame to encourage better science and math education in schools, saying, “Kids are never the problem.
泰森用名气鼓励学校更好的科学和数学教育,他说:"孩子从来不是问题.
They are born scientists.
他们是天生的科学家。
The problem is always the adults.
问题总是成年人。
That’s why my public focus is primarily adults.”
所以我的公众焦点主要是成年人。 “
He calls for more funding for space research, saying space gets people excited about science and that research and technology drive our economy.
他呼吁为空间研究提供更多资金,说空间让人们对科学感到兴奋,研究和技术驱动着我们的经济.
He points out that less than half a penny of each tax dollar goes to NASA—a small price to pay for keeping the United States a world leader in technology.
他指出,美国航天局每税元不到半分钱,这是保持美国在技术领域世界领先地位的一个小代价。
Neil talks with two young boys during a visit to the University of Iowa campus.
尼尔在访问爱荷华大学校园期间与两名男孩交谈.
Neil helped Superman discover the location of his home planet of Krypton in Action Comics #14 in November 2012.
尼尔于2012年11月帮助超人发现了他家乡星球"Krypton"在Action Comics #14中的位置.
The Stars Align In 2014, Tyson hosted a new TV series called Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey.
恒星对齐 2014年,泰森主持了一档名为"宇宙:一出"(Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey)的新电视连续剧.
The original Cosmos series—the most watched program ever on PBS— aired in 1980 and was hosted by Carl Sagan, the man who had inspired the young Tyson.
原作"宇宙"(Cosmos)系列——在PBS上观看次数最多的节目——于1980年播出,由曾经启发了年轻泰森的人卡尔·萨根主持.
The new series included new and exciting discoveries made since that time and told people not just what we know but how we know it.
新的系列包括了从那时起取得的新的和令人兴奋的发现,并告诉人们我们不仅知道什么,而且知道什么。
The show was nominated for twelve Emmy awards.
该剧被提名为12个艾美奖.
What is next for Neil de Grasse Tyson?
接下来尼尔·德·格拉斯·泰森怎么办?
He would like to do more research, but, for now, communicating with the public about science keeps him busy.
他想做更多的研究, 但是,现在,与公众交流科学使他忙碌。
No matter what his next direction is, the boy who loved stars has become a star himself.
不管他的下一个方向是什么 爱星星的男孩自己也成了明星
Glossary astronomy (n.)
词汇天文学(n.)
a field of science involving the study of stars, planets, comets, and other things found in space (p.
一个涉及研究恒星,行星,彗星等在空间所发现事物的科学领域(p.
4) astrophysicist a scientist who studies the physical (n.)
4)天体物理学家,研究物理的科学家 (n.
nature of stars and other bodies in space (p.
空间中恒星和其他天体的性质(p.
5) classified (v.)
5) 分类(五.
sorted; assigned to a category (p.
排序; 被分配到一个类别(p.
10) commissions groups of people authorized to carry (n.)
10) 授权携带(n.)
out tasks (p.
关闭任务(p.
13) debate (n.)
13) 辩论(n.)
a discussion between people or groups who have different opinions on an issue (p.
对某一问题有不同见解的人或团体之间的讨论(p.
13) debris (n.)
13) 碎片(n.)
scattered pieces of something that are left after the rest has been destroyed or is gone (p.
所留下的零散的碎片,其余的被破坏或已经消失(p.
10) demoted (v.)
10)被降职(五.
lowered the rank or position of someone or something (p.
降低某某某的级别或职位(p.
11) doctorate (n.)
11) 博士(不详)
the highest degree a university can award; a Ph.
大学可授予的最高学位;
D.
D类.
(p.
页:1
8) infamous (adj.)
8)出名(adj.
famous for being evil, bad, or dangerous (p.
以邪恶、坏或危险而出名(p.
9) physics (n.)
9) 物理学(n.
the scientific study of matter, motion, and energy (p.
关于物质、运动和能量的科学研究(p.
8) planetarium a building in which the image of the night (n.)
8) 天文馆一幢建筑,其中为夜之相(n.
sky is projected onto a curved ceiling (p.
将天空投射到曲线天花板上(p.
5) supernovas explosions of stars, resulting in a sharp (n.)
5) 恒星的超新星爆炸,导致尖锐(n.
increase in brightness followed by a gradual fading (p.
亮度增加后逐渐消失(p.
9) Neil de Grasse Tyson (right) poses for a photo with Bill Nye, “The Science Guy,” (left) and U.
9) Neil de Grasse Tyson(右)与比尔·尼(Bill Nye)合影,“科学人物”(左)和U.
S.
师曰.
President Barack Obama (center).
总统巴拉克·奥巴马 (中央).