Kenya
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Where Is It?
内容表在哪里?
............................... 4 People.................................... 6 Land..................................... 8 History.................................. 10 Animals................................. 11 Conclusion............................... 14 Glossary................................. 16 Where Is It?
页:1 4 人. . 6 地. 8 历史. 10 动物. 11 结论。 14 词汇表. 16号在哪里?
The capital city of Kenya is Nairobi (nie-ROH- bee), which originated as a railway station during the construction of Kenya’s rail system. Today, more than three million people live there. The city is the industrial center of the country, with factories that make clothing and furniture along with bread, cornmeal, and other processed foods. Because of Nairobi’s location near East African farmlands, crops used as raw materials do not have to travel far to food processing factories. Nairobi is one of a few capital cities in the world with a wildlife park in its backyard. Nairobi National Park, a large game reserve, lies just 8 kilometers (5 mi.) from the city. Visitors can see lions, giraffes, and various reptiles and birds. One hotel near Nairobi provides a unique experience. At Giraffe Manor, guests can eat breakfast and dinner with Rothschild’s giraffes. The hotel sits on a large sanctuary for this rare species of giraffe. The animals actually stick their heads through the windows!
肯尼亚的首都是内罗毕(nie-ROH- bee),它起源于肯尼亚铁路系统建设期间的一个火车站. 今天,有300多万人生活在那里。 该市是该国的工业中心,有工厂,制造服装和家具,以及面包,玉米等加工食品. 由于内罗毕位于东非农田附近,用作原料的作物不必远行到食品加工工厂去. 内罗毕是世界上少数拥有后院野生动物公园的首都城市之一. 内罗毕国家公园是一个大型的游戏保留地,距离市区只有8公里(5米. 游客可以看到狮子,长颈鹿,以及各种爬行动物和鸟类. 内罗毕附近的一家旅馆提供了独特的经验。 在Giraffe庄园,客人可以和罗斯柴尔德的长颈鹿一起吃早餐和晚餐. 酒店坐落在一个大型的避难所上,为这种罕见的长颈鹿物种. 动物们把头伸入窗户!
People More than forty-five million people live in Kenya. It ranks thirty-first in population among the world’s nations and includes more than thirty ethnic groups, or tribes. Almost all Kenyans have African ancestors and speak the language of their tribe in addition to at least one of the national languages, English and Swahili (swah-HEE-lee). English is the language of government, higher education, and large business corporations, while Swahili is the language of primary schools and many smaller businesses. A small number of Kenyans have ancestors from Europe, Asia, or the Middle East. Many Kenyans enjoy watching and playing football, which is also called soccer. Kenyan runners are renowned for competing in international races and winning gold medals in the Olympic Games. Bao, a popular game played with a wooden board that has small cups for holding seeds or stones, is played by young and old alike. The Maasai (muh-SY) people, who traditionally have been herders, are one Kenyan tribe.
肯尼亚有4 500多万人。 它在世界人口中排名第31位,包括30多个族裔群体或部落。 几乎所有的肯尼亚人都有非洲祖先,除了至少一种民族语言外,还会说其部落的语言,英语和斯瓦希里语(swah-Hee-lee). 英语是政府、高等教育和大型商业企业的语言,而斯瓦希里语是小学和许多小企业的语言。 少数肯尼亚人有来自欧洲,亚洲或中东的祖先. 许多肯尼亚人喜欢观看和打足球,这也叫足球. 肯尼亚跑者以国际赛事比赛出名,并获得奥运会金牌. 阿宝(英語:Bao),是一款以木板打出并有小杯子供持有种子或石头的游戏,由年轻和老相上下相上下. 传统上是牧民的马赛人是一个肯尼亚部落。
Giraffes at Giraffe Manor often visit in the mornings and evenings.
吉拉克庄园的吉拉菲斯经常在早晚拜访.
About seventy-five percent of Kenyans live in the countryside, where most farm to earn a living. They grow food to feed their families, along with crops to sell such as tea, coffee, corn, sweet potatoes, and wheat. They also grow flowers, many of which are used to make a natural insecticide. Another important Kenyan crop is sisal, a type of plant with strong fibers used to make ropes and mats. Tourism is another big source of income for the country, with over a million people visiting Kenya every year. Land The western part of Kenya contains highlands that are divided by the Great Rift Valley, a 6,437 kilometer (4,000 mi.) crack in Earth’s crust about 50 to 130 kilometers (30–80 mi.) wide. The floor of the valley contains lakes, volcanoes, and deserts. The walls are cliffs called escarpments, which rise up to 2,700 meters (9,000 ft.) above the floor. The highlands are one of two areas that receive enough rain for farming, so most of Kenya’s people live there. Mount Kenya, in the highlands, is the highest mountain in the country. Kangas Cotton is an important crop in Kenya that is used to make clothing such as kangas.
大约75%的肯尼亚人生活在农村,大部分的农场是为了谋生. 他们种植粮食以养活家人,同时种植出茶叶,咖啡,玉米,甘薯等作物和小麦. 它们也种植花卉,许多花被用来制作天然杀虫剂. 肯尼亚的另一种重要作物是丝绸,是一类有很强纤维的植物,用来制作绳子和垫子. 旅游业是该国的另一个重要收入来源,每年有超过一百万人访问肯尼亚. 土地 肯尼亚西部有由大裂谷所分出的高地,地壳有6 437公里(4,000米)的裂口,宽约50至130公里(30至80米)。 山谷地底有湖泊,火山和沙漠. 城墙为被称作"活塞"(escarpments)的悬崖,高起至地上2700米(9000英尺). 高地是两个获得足够雨水来耕作的地区之一,所以肯尼亚大部分人都住在那里. 地处高地的肯尼亚山是该国最高的山地. Kangas Cotton是肯尼亚的一种重要作物,用于制作干姜等服装.
Women wear these large, colorful pieces of cloth as shawls, head scarves, and skirts.
女性穿着这些大而多彩的布作为披肩,头巾和裙子.
A woman might also use a kanga to carry her child.
妇女可能还会用一卡加来生孩子。
Many kangas have a proverb or saying on them, such as this one: “He who digs a well gets himself inside.”
许多坎加人对此有谚语或说出一句谚语,例如这一句: “谁挖井,谁就可以进去。 “
Sisal plants (main) are crushed and dried to make fibers (inset), which are then woven together.
锡萨尔植物(主要)被压碎并干燥以制出纤维(被套入),再将纤维编织在一起.
Kenya’s coastal lowlands also receive enough rain for farming. Coconut and cashew crops thrive in this area of the country. White sand beaches and mangrove forests line the coast. Kenya’s deserts, found mostly in the north, are not as large as the Sahara and other African deserts. A few nomadic tribes, who mainly herd sheep and goats, live in these arid areas. At the western edge of these deserts is Lake Turkana, where fossils of the earliest humans have been discovered. Lake Turkana, which used to be named Lake Rudolf, is the largest desert lake in the world. Kenya is famous for its savanna, where large herds of wildebeests, zebras, gazelles, and other animals graze. Grasses on the savanna grow as tall as 1.5 meters (5 ft.), and thorny, flat-topped acacia (uh-KAY-shuh) trees dot the landscape. Kenya’s grasslands are found in the areas west and east of the highlands. History Kenya has evidence of some of the earliest humans. They had little interaction with the world at large until the first century ad, when people from the Middle East and Asia established trade in East Africa. For hundreds of years, people on Kenya’s coast traded slaves as well as ivory and other things. People from Europe arrived in Kenya in the late 1400s, and Kenya officially became a colony of the British Empire in 1920. The British angered Kenyans when they gave much of the native land to white people from Great Britain and South Africa. Many Kenyans began fighting for independence in 1952. By 1963, the country gained its freedom from British rule. For a few decades, the president of Kenya had a great deal of power, and the government had only one political party. Many Kenyans wanted to see an end to this inequality. In 2010, a new constitution was passed that gave the president less power and the people more power. Ivory comes from elephants and hippos.
肯尼亚沿海低地也获得足够的雨水来耕作. 椰子和腰果作物在该国这一地区蓬勃发展. 白沙滩和红树林沿海岸相接. 肯尼亚的沙漠大多位于北部,其面积不如撒哈拉等非洲沙漠. 少数以牧羊和山羊为主的游牧部落生活在这些干旱地区. 在这些沙漠的西部边缘是图克纳湖,在那里发现了最早人类的化石. 图克纳湖曾被命名为"鲁道夫湖",是世界上最大的沙漠湖. 肯尼亚以草原而出名,当地有大型的野生蜂群,斑马,瞪羚等动物被放牧. 草原上生长有高可达1.5米(5英尺)的草地,地貌上有刺状平坦的树状花序(uh-KAY-shuh). 肯尼亚的草地分布在高地以西和以东地区. 历史 肯尼亚有一些最早人类的证据. 它们与整个世界的互动很少,直到一世纪的广告,中东和亚洲的人在东非建立了贸易。 数百年来,肯尼亚海岸上的人贩卖奴隶以及象牙等物品。 1400年代后期来自欧洲的人到达了肯尼亚,1920年肯尼亚正式成为大英帝国的殖民地. 英国人将当地大部分土地给来自大不列颠和南非的白人后,引起肯尼亚人的愤怒. 许多肯尼亚人从1952年开始争取独立. 至1963年,该国从英国统治中获得了自由. 几十年来,肯尼亚总统拥有了巨大的权力,政府只有一个政党. 许多肯尼亚人希望结束这种不平等。 2010年,新宪法被通过,赋予了总统较少的权力和人民更多的权力. 象牙出自大象和河马.
Many countries today ban the sale of ivory.
今天许多国家禁止出售象牙.
Animals Kenya is famous for its wildlife, some of which is very rare. To protect its animals, Kenya has set aside more than fifty parks and animal reserves. Every year, millions of tourists go on safari to see animals such as rhinoceroses, lions, leopards, hippos, and elephants. Kenya has two kinds of elephants. The forest elephant lives in the highland rainforests, while the savanna elephant lives in many environments, including deserts. Kenya also has two kinds of rhinoceroses—the white rhino and the black rhino—even though both are actually gray. Rhinos do not see well, but they have keen senses of smell and hearing. Even though they weigh about 3,600 kilograms (8,000 lbs.) on average, they can run as fast as 45 kilometers (28 mi.) per hour. Zebras, gazelles, and other grazing animals fill the Kenyan savanna. One of the most amazing sights in all of Africa is the annual migration of wildebeests and zebras. Every year, about 1.5 million wildebeests and 300,000 zebras migrate over 1,600 kilometers (1,000 mi.) from the Serengeti (ser-en-GEH-tee) Plain to Kenya’s savanna to find food and water. It’s a difficult trip, and every year about 250,000 wildebeests die in the process. Along the way, predators such as lions, leopards, cheetahs, hyenas, and wild dogs follow the herds. One of the most spectacular events is the migratory crossing of the Mara River. Rivers such as the Mara are also home to hippopotamuses. Hippos may look serene and innocent as they move along in the water, but they actually cause more human deaths in Africa than lions. These aggressive, territorial animals stay in the water most of the time, but at night they emerge to feed on grass and other plants. Sometimes they eat crops, which causes conflict between the hippos and people. On a safari, tourists usually travel in guided vans to search for animals to see and photograph.
肯尼亚动物以其野生动物而出名,有的非常罕见. 为了保护动物,肯尼亚拨出了50多所公园和动物保护区。 每年都有上百万游客去游走,以观赏犀牛,狮子,豹,河马等动物和大象. 肯尼亚有两种象. 森林大象生活在高地雨林中,而草原大象则生活在包括沙漠在内的许多环境中. 肯尼亚也有两种犀牛——白犀牛和黑犀牛,尽管两者实际上都是灰色的. 犀牛看不太清楚,但他们有敏锐的嗅觉和听觉. 尽管它们平均重约3600公斤(8,000磅),但能跑得快到每小时45公里(28英里). 斑马,瞪羚等放牧动物都填满了肯尼亚草原. 整个非洲最令人惊奇的景点之一是一年一度的野生蜂和斑马迁徙. 每年约有150万只野生山蜂和30万只斑马从塞伦盖蒂平原迁徙到肯尼亚的草原去寻找食物和水。 每年约有25万野蜂在此过程中死亡。 沿途有狮子,豹等掠食动物,猎豹,hy等野生犬跟随群. 最壮观的事件之一是马拉河的迁徙. 马拉等河流也出土了河马. Hippos在水中移动时可能看起来很平和和无辜,但实际上它们在非洲造成的人命比狮子多. 这些侵略性,属地性动物大部分时间会停留在水中,但晚上它们会出来以草和其他植物为食. 有时会吃庄稼,这引起河马与人之间的冲突. 在游行地上,游客通常会乘坐被引导的面包车去寻找动物来取景并拍照.
Hippos’ huge teeth make them very dangerous.
Hippos巨大的牙齿使他们非常危险。
Other places in Kenya have many animals, too. Thousands, sometimes millions, of greater and lesser flamingos gather on Lake Nakuru in the Great Rift Valley. These wading birds stick their heads into the water to feed on small plants and animals. Flamingos spend most of their time in the water, but another African bird lives only on land. The ostrich is the largest bird in the world, and it lays the largest eggs as well. One egg can weigh 1.35 kilograms (3 lbs.). To protect itself from predators, an ostrich may hide by stretching out on the ground. It may also run away, reaching speeds of up to 70 kilometers (43 mi.) per hour. If all else fails, the ostrich can deliver powerful kicks to defend itself. Kenya has several large, dangerous predators, and two that are most harmful to humans are actually very small. The tsetse (TSEE-tsee) fly and the mosquito infest about one-third of the country. These insects carry the diseases of malaria and sleeping sickness. Sleeping sickness gets its name from one of its symptoms: people with the disease become very sleepy. When a tsetse fly or mosquito bites a person, the insect transmits a very small organism that causes disease. Both malaria and sleeping sickness make people very ill. Conclusion Kenya may be famous for its safaris and savanna, yet the country has much more to offer. The cliffs of the Great Rift tower over a valley filled with life, and many of its animal species cannot be found anywhere else. Kenya’s capital city is the center of industry for the whole country, exporting goods to places all over the world. Kenya is one of the world’s most spectacular nations, filled with an abundance of natural beauty and a multitude of fascinating cultures. Nairobi has many government buildings and museums as well as several universities.
肯尼亚其他地区也有许多动物. 大裂谷的纳库鲁湖上聚集了上千名,有时是上百万名大小的火烈鸟. 这些花鸟会把头插入水里 以小动植物为食 弗拉明戈斯大部分时间都花在了水上,但另一只非洲鸟只活在陆地上. o鸟是世界上最大的鸟类,也产下最大的卵. 1个鸡蛋可重1.35公斤(3磅). 为了保护自己免受食肉动物的侵袭,一头燕子可以通过在地上伸展来躲避. 它也可能跑出,达到每小时70公里(43米)的速度. 如果其他的都失败了,鸟可以提供强大的踢来自卫. 肯尼亚有几种大型,危险的掠食动物,有两种对人类最有害的捕食动物实际上非常小. t子(TSEE-tse)会飞出,蚊子会在该国约三分之一的地方发作. 这些昆虫携带着疟疾和睡眠疾病等疾病. 睡眠疾病从其中一种症状中得名:患此疾病的人变得非常困. 当舌蝇或蚊子会咬人时,昆虫会传播出一种引起疾病的非常小的生物. 疟疾和睡眠疾病都使人们非常生病。 肯尼亚可能以其草原和草原而出名,但该国仍有许多工作要做。 大裂口塔的悬崖上覆盖着充满了生命的山谷,它的许多动物物种在其他地方都找不到. 肯尼亚首都是全国工业中心, 肯尼亚是世界上最壮观的国家之一,充满了丰富的自然美和众多的迷人文化。 内罗毕有许多政府建筑和博物馆以及多所大学。
Glossary acacia (n.)
词汇acacia (n.)
a tree with small yellow or white flowers that grows in warm climates (p. 9) equator (n.)
有小黄花或白花的一棵树,生长于温暖的气候下 (第9页) 赤道 (n.
an imaginary line that circles the Earth halfway between the North and South Poles (p. 4) escarpments (n.)
环绕地球半个北极和南极的假想线(第4页)
steep slopes or cliffs that separate two areas of land (p. 8) ivory (n.)
分出两个地段的陡坡或悬崖(p. 8)象牙 (n.
a white material that makes up the tusks of elephants or other tusked animals (p. 10) mangrove (n.)
一种白色材料,构成大象或其他被扭伤的动物的牙齿(第10页)红树林(n.
a tropical tree that grows in swamps or shallow salt water and grows roots from its branches (p. 9) migration (n.)
在沼泽地或浅盐水中生长并从其分支中生长根的热带树(第9页) 迁移 (n.
a regular, predictable movement of living things from one location to another (p. 12) nomadic (adj.)
生活物质从一个地方向另一个地方的正常、可预测的流动(第12页)(adj.)
moving from place to place without a permanent home (p. 9) reserve (n.)
从一个地方搬到一个没有永久住所的地方(p. 9) 储备金(n.)
a place where wild plants and animals are protected (p. 5) safari (n.)
(第5页) Safari(n.)
a journey to search for wild animals (p. 11) sanctuary (n.)
(第11页)
a safe place (p. 5) savanna (n.)
(第5页)
a flat grassland with few trees (p. 9) sisal (n.)
平地草地,树少(第9页) sis (n.
a plant grown for its leaves, which produce strong fibers used in making ropes (p. 7) Population: 45,010,056 Land: 569,140 sq km (219,746 sq.
一种为叶子而生长的植物,能产生出强力纤维来制作绳子(p. 7) 人口:45,010,056人 地:569,140平方公里(219,746平方公里.
mi.)
(中文(简体) ).