Basketball
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Seconds to Go!
内容表秒到去!
4 The Game of Peach Baskets.
4"桃花篮"游戏.
5 A Growing Sport.
5 成长运动。
7 Dribble, Run, Pass, Shoot!
7钻出,跑出,通过,射击!
9 Rulers of the Court.
9 法院规则。
12 More Than Just a Little Game.
12 胜过一个小游戏。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Seconds to Go!
16秒对去!
There are only a few nerve-racking seconds left on the clock.
时钟上只剩下几分神经紧张分秒.
The game is tied.
游戏打平了
A player dribbles the ball downcourt, looking for an opening.
一个球员在球道上滑倒,寻找一个开口.
Suddenly he passes the ball into the hands of a teammate near the opposing team’s hoop.
他突然把球传入对手队的球舱附近的队友手中。
That player jumps high and slam-dunks the ball through the hoop—just as the buzzer blasts and time runs out!
球员跳出高地,把球打穿了门外,
The standing, electrified crowd roars!
站着的,电动的人群咆哮!
This basketball game is over!
篮球比赛结束了!
Whether the game is on a professional level or with friends in the neighborhood, basketball is a thrilling game that challenges players to be lightning fast, both mentally and physically.
无论是职业级别还是与附近朋友的比赛,篮球都是一种令人兴奋的游戏,它挑战着玩家在身心两方面的闪电快.
In any arena, the game is focused on one endlessly fun goal: getting an orange ball to go through a hoop.
在任何竞技场上,比赛都集中在一个无休止的趣味入球:让一粒橙色球穿过一圈.
The Philadelphia 76ers react to the game-winning point against the Brooklyn Nets in 2013.
费城76人对2013年对布鲁克林网队的比赛胜出点的反应.
The 76ers won 121-120 in overtime.
76人超时赛以121-120取胜.
The Game of Peach Baskets The game of basketball was created in 1891 by Canadian-born Dr.
桃花篮子游戏 篮球比赛由加拿大出生的Dr. 1891年创立.
James Naismith, a physical education instructor working in Springfield, Massachusetts.
詹姆斯·奈史密斯(James Naismith),是一位在马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德工作的体育教官.
He wanted to keep his restless students physically occupied with an indoor sport on rainy or cold winter days.
他想让自己不安的学生在雨天或寒冷的冬天用室内运动来锻炼身体.
Dr.
医生
Naismith created the rules and nailed peach baskets to a balcony rail at each end of a gymnasium.
奈史密斯创造了规则,将桃篮钉入了体育馆一端的阳台栏杆上.
Unlike today’s hoops, the peach baskets had bottoms, so balls that made it into the basket had to be removed manually.
与今天的篮球不同,桃子篮子有底部,因此入篮的球需要人工取出.
Also, basketball originally had no dribbling.
另外,篮球原本没有打分.
Players bounce-passed the ball to move it around the court.
玩家弹出-通过球来在球场上移动.
James Naismith was born in Canada and studied physical education in Montreal before moving to the United States to teach.
詹姆斯·奈史密斯生于加拿大,在移居美国任教前在蒙特利尔学习体育.
The Yale University men’s team poses for a photo in 1901.
耶鲁大学男子队在1901年提出照片.
Yale has had a men’s basketball team since 1896.
耶鲁从1896年起就有一个男子篮球队.
Women’s basketball teams became popular at this time as well.
女子篮球队此时也开始流行.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
from knocking away shots!
远离击打!
the orange balls used today.
今天使用的橙色球。
Before the 1950s, they were brown.
在20世纪50年代之前,它们是棕色的.
Basketball quickly became popular within the United States, particularly in schools, because all that people needed to play was a ball, a basket, and a court.
篮球迅速在美国流行起来,特别是在学校,因为人们需要的只是一球,一篮子,一球场.
Later on, the bottom was removed from the peach baskets, and the baskets were replaced with metal hoops.
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The sport became popular worldwide after the end of World War II.
二战结束后,这项运动在全世界流行.
In 1949, the American National Basketball Association (NBA) was established and became key to the tremendous growth of basketball as a professional sport.
1949年,美国国家篮球协会(NBA)成立,并成为篮球作为一种职业运动得到巨大发展的关键.
A Growing Sport Today, many people play basketball.
今日的"成长运动",许多人会打篮球.
Men, women, boys, and girls in almost every nation enjoy the sport.
几乎每个国家都有男子、妇女、男童和女童享受体育运动。
In the United States, the NBA is the biggest and most famous professional basketball organization, with 30 teams.
在美国,NBA是最大和最出名的职业篮球组织,有30支球队.
College basketball features about 336 teams nationally, with the largest organization being the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association).
学院篮球在全国约有336支球队,最大的组织是NCAA(NCAA).
Today, almost every high school has a basketball team.
今天,几乎每个高中都有一支篮球队.
Since 1892, only a year after Dr.
1892年起,仅次于博士.
Naismith invented basketball, women have been active in the sport.
奈史密斯发明了篮球,女性一直活跃在运动中.
Today, with superstar basketball players such as Carol Blazejowski, Ann Meyers, and Lynette Woodard, and with the formation of the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA), women’s basketball has acquired a much larger fan base.
今天,随着卡罗尔·布莱泽霍夫斯基,安·迈尔斯,林内特·伍德德等超级明星篮球运动员的到来,随着女子国家篮球协会(WNBA)的成立,女子篮球获得了更广阔的球迷基础.
High school teams compete in state championships in the United States.
高中队在美国参加州锦标赛.
The number of fans and players has continued to grow globally in women’s and men’s amateur and professional basketball.
在男女业余和职业篮球方面,球迷和球员人数在全球继续增长。
According to the International Basketball Federation ( Fédération Internationale de Basketball in French, or FIBA), at least 450 million people play basketball worldwide.
根据国际篮球联合会(法语:Fédération Internationale de Basketball,或FIBA),全世界至少有4.5亿人打篮球.
There are basketball leagues all over the world.
全世界都有篮球联赛.
A global basketball championship called the FIBA Basketball World Cup is held every four years, and the game has been a highly competitive event featured in the Olympic Games since 1936.
名为"FIBA篮球世界杯"的全球篮球锦标赛每四年举行一次,比赛自1936年起成为奥运会中具有高度竞争力的活动.
In China, India, Australia, and especially the Philippines, basketball has been wildly popular for about one hundred years.
在中国,印度,澳大利亚,特别是菲律宾,篮球在大约一百年的时间里一直非常受欢迎.
In fact, the largest basketball venue in the world is the Philippine Arena, which can accommodate fifty-five thousand fans.
事实上,世界上最大的篮球场是菲律宾竞技场,可以容纳55,000名球迷.
The next largest venues are in the United States, Serbia, and Canada.
其次是美国,塞尔维亚和加拿大.
People wait outside the Philippine Arena, which is used for basketball as well as other sports and entertainment events.
人们在菲律宾竞技场外等,该场馆用于篮球以及其他体育和娱乐活动.
Dribble, Run, Pass, Shoot!
钻,跑,通过,射击!
A basketball game is divided into four quarters, which in the NBA are each twelve minutes long.
一场篮球比赛分为四个季度,在NBA选秀中,每场12分钟长.
Two teams of five players play the game on a court shaped like a rectangle.
两队由5名玩家组成,在一个形状为矩形的球场上玩游戏.
A hoop is mounted on a backboard 10 feet (3 m) above the floor at each end of the court.
在法庭两端的地上10英尺(3米)高的后板上架起一个吊杆。
The object of the game is to get the highest score.
游戏的目标是获得最高分.
Players score points by shooting the basketball through the opposing team’s hoop.
玩家通过对阵球队的打出篮球来取分.
Making a shot is most often worth two points, unless it is shot from outside the three-point line, in which case it’s worth three points.
除非从三分线外拍摄, 否则拍摄往往值两分,
Players can also score points by making foul shots.
玩家也可以通过作恶镜头来得分.
A referee can award free throws to a player who has suffered a foul, which occurs when another player accidentally or intentionally breaks the rules or makes unfair physical contact.
裁判可以向遭受过犯规的玩家授予自由掷球,这发生在另一个玩家意外地或故意地违反规则或进行不公平的身体接触时.
The referee blows his or her whistle and uses hand signals to indicate what foul was committed.
裁判吹出口哨,并用手信号表示犯规.
The referee may award between one and three free throws, or foul shots, to a player depending on the type of foul committed.
裁判可视犯规类型,向球员授予一至三发自由投球或犯规射击.
The shots are worth one point each and are taken from behind the free throw line without interference from the defending team.
镜头各值一分,取自自由抛出线后方而不受防守队伍干扰.
Free throws can often mean the difference between winning and losing a game.
自由投球往往可以指: 输赢比赛的区别.
Players constantly try to position themselves where they can either shoot the ball or pass it to a teammate with a chance of a good shot.
玩家不断尝试将自己定位在可以射出球或传递给队友并有机会打出好球的地方.
Opposing players try to block shots or steal the ball.
对手试图挡住镜头或偷取球.
The ball can only be moved while dribbling or by passing.
球只能被打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出出出出出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出打出出出出出出出出出出出出来来来来.
As the basketball moves up and down the court, each team swiftly switches to defense or offense, depending on whether it has possession of the ball.
随着篮球在球场上下移动,每支球队迅速转向防御或进攻,这取决于它是否拥有球.
The two most common defensive strategies are either zone defense, in which players defend a part of the court, or man-to-man defense, in which players guard a specific opponent.
最常见的两种防守策略要么是区防守,玩家在区防守中会保卫一部分球场,要么是人对人防守,玩家在区防守中会守护特定的对手.
There are a variety of offensive strategies, which usually involve a player who does not have the ball making a quick dash or change in direction (called a cut) to receive the ball and shoot.
有多种进攻策略,通常涉及没有球的球员作快破折克或方向变化(被称作切入)来得到球并射击.
When a shooter misses a shot and the ball bounces off the hoop or backboard, players from both teams jump to catch the ball on the rebound.
当一名射手错过一发一发,而球从螺旋或后板上弹出后,来自两支球队的球员会跳来接球反弹.
A player who is good at recovering rebounds can help his or her team keep control of the ball.
擅长恢复回弹的球员可以帮助球队保持对球的控制.
Coaches organize their players in a variety of roles, or positions.
教练以各种角色或职位组织其球员.
The point guard is usually the best ball handler.
点球后卫通常是最好的球手.
The point guard sets up the team’s offensive plays by controlling the ball and making sure it reaches the right player at the right time.
点球后卫通过控制出球,确保球能及时到达合适的球员,设定出球队的进攻性出场.
The shooting guard takes a lot of long-range shots on offense and guards the other team’s best perimeter player on defense.
射击守卫对进攻进行大量远程射击,并守卫对方球队防守的最佳外围球员.
The small forward uses his or her speed to make shots close to the basket on offense and to steal the ball on defense.
小前锋利用自己的速度在进攻中靠近篮子出击并用防守来偷取球.
The power forward plays with his or her back to the basket on offense and plays either under the basket or against the opposing power forward on defense.
强权前进在进攻中与他/她重回篮子,或者在篮子下出场,或者在防御上与对手强权相对抗.
The center uses his or her height to score on offense and to protect the basket on defense.
中心利用自己的身高在进攻中得分,并在防守中保护篮子.
The Tall and Short of It • The tallest players ever in the NBA were Manute Bol and Gheorghe Muresan, who were both 7 feet 7 inches (231 cm) tall.
它的"高矮"(Tall and Short of It) ^ 在NBA中最高的球员是曼努特·博尔和格奥尔赫·穆雷桑(Gheorghe Muresan),两人都身高7英尺7英寸(231厘米).
NBA player in history, at 5 feet 3 inches (160 cm).
历史上的NBA球员,身高5英尺3英寸(160厘米).
Muggsy Bogues Rulers of the Court Basketball has had many outstanding players with vivid personalities and record-breaking accomplishments.
穆格西·博格斯(英语:Muggsy Bogues Rules of the Court Basketball)的篮球大王有众多出色的球员,有着生动的个性并取得了破纪录的成就.
At 6 feet 10 inches (208 cm), George Mikan was one of the first “big men” who redefined the sport of basketball in the 1950s.
在6英尺10英寸(208厘米)处,乔治·米坎是最早在1950年代重新定义了篮球运动的"大人物"之一.
Before that, basketball was thought to be for small and nimble players.
在此之前,篮球被认为是为小而灵活的球员而作.
In the 1960s and 1970s, Wilt Chamberlain, at 7 feet 1 inch (216 cm), earned the top records in scoring, rebounding, and durability.
20世纪60和70年代,威尔特·张伯伦以7英尺1英寸(216厘米)的身高获得积分,反弹和耐用性方面的最高纪录.
He is considered to be one of the most outstanding players in NBA history.
他被认为是NBA历史上最杰出的球员之一.
Another player who always made a big difference for his teams was Kareem Abdul- Jabbar.
另一名总是为他的球队带来巨大变化的球员是卡雷姆·阿卜杜勒-贾巴尔.
After he won seventy-one consecutive games with his high school team, perhaps it was no surprise that he turned out to be the all-time leading scorer in the NBA.
在他与他的高中队连续赢得了71场比赛后,也许并不奇怪他最终成为了NBA全能的主打积分榜.
Larry Bird started with phenomenal success on the court as a small forward and a power forward.
拉里·伯德一开始在朝廷上取得了惊人的成功,作为一个小小的前行和权力前行.
He set a record as the only person in NBA history to be named Most Valuable Player, Coach of the Year, and Executive of the Year.
他创下了NBA历史上唯一被命名为"最有价值球员","年度教练"和"年度执行官"的纪录.
Earvin “Magic” Johnson became famous on the court with the Los Angeles Lakers and the Olympic Dream Team.
Earvin “Magic” Johnson与洛杉矶湖人和奥林匹克梦想队一起在宫廷出名。
He amazed fans with his all- around mastery of the game, particularly his ability to pass the ball in surprising and skillful ways—almost as if it was magic!
他对球迷们感到惊奇,他精通比赛,特别是他以出人意料和高超的方式传球的能力,几乎就像是魔术一样!
Larry Bird Kareem Abdul-Jabbar Earvin “Magic” Johnson Michael Jordan is often regarded as the greatest player ever in basketball.
Larry Bird Kareem Abdul-Jabbar Earvin “Magic” Johnson Michael Jordan常被视为篮球史上最伟大的球员。
Along with being one of the best defensive players and holding an impressive number of records, Jordan gained the nicknames “ Air Jordan” and “His Airness” for his ability to leap into the air doing his famous slam dunks.
约旦是防守最出色的球员之一,并拥有令人印象深刻的纪录,因此获得了“约旦航空”和“他的空中”的外号,因为他能够跳入空中,做出他出名的倒篮。
In high school, media sensation and basketball superstar Le Bron James led his team to three Ohio state championships.
高中时期,媒体轰动和篮球超级巨星勒布朗·詹姆斯带领他的球队获得了三次俄亥俄州冠军.
Immediately after graduating, he was picked to join the Cleveland Cavaliers, where he broke records as the youngest player in NBA history to be Rookie of the Year and score ten thousand career points.
毕业后立即被选入克里夫兰卡瓦利埃队,他以NBA历史上最年轻的球员身份打破了纪录,成为当年的Rookie并获得一万个职业生涯积分.
Maya Moore loved basketball as a child, and she was a star player in high school and college.
玛雅·摩尔小时候就喜欢篮球,她也是高中和大学的明星球员.
She led her college team to win a record-breaking ninety consecutive games.
她带领她的大学队连续赢得了创纪录的90场比赛.
In the WNBA, she quickly became a top scorer and attracted acclaim as one of the best female athletes in the sport.
在WNBA联赛中,她很快成为了最高分赛事的得分者并被誉为该赛事最佳女运动员之一.
She helped her team win four championships and has played basketball all around the world.
她帮助她的球队赢得了四次冠军并在世界各地打过篮球.
The United States’ men’s and women’s basketball teams have dominated the Olympics (top, right).
美国男女篮球队在奥运会(上,右)中占据了主导地位.
Students play in gyms and playgrounds everywhere (left).
学生在各地的体育馆和操场打球(左).
More Than Just a Little Game Basketball has come a long way since its simple beginnings.
从简单的开始到现在,
Media coverage of the sport keeps fan interest peaked all year, and with basketball courts available in neighborhood parks, schools, and even in some driveways around the world, anyone who is interested in learning the game will find it easy to do.
媒体对这项运动的报道使粉丝的兴趣一整年都达到了顶峰,随着邻里公园,学校,甚至在世界一些车道中都有篮球场可供使用,任何有兴趣学习游戏的人都会发现自己很容易做到.
Schools and basketball clubs in communities everywhere supply options for practicing the sport or joining a team.
各地社区的学校和篮球俱乐部提供体育练习或加入球队的选项。
Who knows where the next great basketball stars will come from?
谁知道下一个伟大的篮球明星会从哪里来?