Water Cities
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Living Near Water.
近水生活目录.
4 Europe.
4 欧洲。
5 Asia.
5 亚洲。
7 Africa.
7 非洲。
9 South America.
9 南美.
11 North America.
北美11个.
12 Oceania.
12 大洋洲。
14 People and Water.
14 人与水.
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
Venice, Italy 2.
意大利威尼斯 2.
Amsterdam, Netherlands 3.
荷兰阿姆斯特丹 3.
Reine, Norway 4.
挪威Reine 4. 国家
Singapore 5.
纽约
Palm Jumeirah, Dubai 6.
Palm Jumeirah,迪拜 6.
Ganvié, Benin 7.
甘维埃,贝宁 7.
Fadiouth, Senegal 8.
(原始内容存档于2018-10-21). Fadiouth, 塞内加尔 8.
Uros Floating Village, Peru 9.
秘鲁乌罗斯浮村 9.
Mexcaltitán, Mexico 10.
墨西哥Mexcaltitán 10.
Auckland, New Zealand 11.
新西兰奥克兰 11.
Sausalito, California 12.
索萨利托,加利福尼亚州12.
Manarola, Italy a b Water Cities Around the World EUROPE ASIA ATLANTIC OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN NORTH AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA AFRICA AUSTRALIA Living Near Water People from across the globe flock to Venice, Italy, to see the famous city of canals and bridges built on more than a hundred islands.
意大利马纳罗拉 a b 环绕世界的亚洲水城 大洋洲 大洋洲 印度洋 印度洋 北美洲 南美洲 澳大利亚 生活在全球各地的近水上的人们聚集到意大利威尼斯,看到著名的运河和桥梁之城在一百多座岛屿上建造.
Although Venice is the world’s best-known water city, it is by no means the only one.
虽然威尼斯是世界上最出名的水上城市,但它绝不是唯一的城市.
Water cities are places that are built on or near a body of water.
水城是建于一水体上或附近的地方.
They range from tiny communities to huge urban areas and are located alongside—or in—oceans, seas, bays, lakes, and rivers on every continent in the world except Antarctica.
它们分布在从小社区到巨大的城市地区,除了南极洲以外,它们与世界上每个大陆的海洋、海湾、湖泊和河流相邻。
They exist for many reasons, and each one has a fascinating story to tell.
它们存在的原因很多,每个都有一个令人着迷的故事要讲述.
The Grand Canal is the main waterway of Venice.
大运河是威尼斯的主要水道.
Europe Amsterdam, Netherlands Amsterdam is another European city famous for its canals.
欧洲阿姆斯特丹,荷兰阿姆斯特丹是另一个以运河而出名的欧洲城市.
It is the capital and largest city in the Netherlands, a country with roughly one-third of its land below sea level.
它是荷兰的首都和最大城市,该国陆地面积大约为海平面以下的三分之一。
About 17 percent of the country is built on polders—large areas of land that people have reclaimed from lakes and the North Sea by pumping out water.
大约17%的国土建在推土机上,
Amsterdam itself is about 2 meters (6.
阿姆斯特丹本身约2米(6.
6 ft.)
6平方公尺)
below sea level.
低于海平面。
The city was founded in the late twelfth century as a fishing village and became an important seaport in the seventeenth century.
该市始建于12世纪后期,为渔村,17世纪成为重要的海港.
It is now one of Europe’s largest seaports.
它现在是欧洲最大的海港之一。
Amsterdam has more than 1,200 bridges over its canals.
阿姆斯特丹有1200多座桥通向其运河.
Amsterdam ATLANTIC OCEAN EUROPE Amsterdam was encircled by a moat from 1480 to 1585.
阿姆斯特丹大洋洲 阿姆斯特丹被1480年至1585年的护城河所包围.
Its population surged in the 1600s as the city grew.
其人口在1600年代随着城市的增长而激增.
Workers drained swampland and built three more concentric half-circle canals around the downtown area.
工人排出沼泽地并围绕市中心地区建造了三个更同心的半圆形运河.
The four waterways were used for transportation, defense, and water management.
这四条水道用于运输、国防和水管理。
Besides the main canals, about 160 others, totaling over 100 kilometers (62 mi.)
除主运河外,另有约160条,总长超过100公里(62米.
in length, divide Amsterdam into close to 100 small islands joined by over 1,200 bridges.
将阿姆斯特丹分为近100个小岛,加上1200多座桥梁。
Although the canals were the city’s main transportation routes for centuries, they are now mainly used by smaller barges and boats.
虽然运河是数百年来该市的主要交通路线,但现在主要被更小的驳船和船只所使用.
However, they continue to play a key role in the city’s distinctive character.
不过,他们继续在城市的独特性中发挥关键作用。
Asia Singapore Singapore is the world’s only island city-state— an island that is both a city and an independent country.
新加坡 新加坡是世界上唯一的岛屿城市国家——一个既是城市又是独立国家的岛屿.
It is composed of sixty-three islands.
它由63个岛屿组成。
The country has few natural resources, so it must import almost everything.
该国自然资源很少,因此,它必须进口几乎所有资源。
Projects begun in the 1960s have increased Singapore’s land area by almost 25 percent.
新加坡土地面积增加了近25%。
Unlike Amsterdam, which has reclaimed land by removing seawater, Singapore has extended its coastline by dumping rocks and sand into the water.
与通过取出海水而开垦土地的阿姆斯特丹不同的是,新加坡通过向水中倾倒岩石和沙子来扩展海岸线.
A project launched in 2016 will pump out water to create polders, as in Amsterdam.
2016年启动的一个项目将抽出出水来创造活人,如阿姆斯特丹.
Urbanization over the years has prompted the government to plant greenery and turn Singapore into a city in a garden.
多年来城市化促使政府种植了绿地并让新加坡变成花园中的城市.
Close to one-tenth of its land is now parks and nature reserves.
其近十分之一的土地现在是公园和自然保护区.
Singapore is one of the world’s busiest port cities.
新加坡是世界上最繁忙的港口城市之一.
PACIFIC OCEAN ASIA Singapore Dubai, United Arab Emirates Dubai is the capital of one of seven political territories in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
亚太 新加坡迪拜 (英語:Singapore Dubai, Australia Admira Dubai)是阿拉伯联合酋长国(UAE)7个政治领土之一的首都.
The country became wealthy due to the discovery of oil in the 1960s.
由于20世纪60年代发现石油,国家变得富有.
Its economy is now focused on tourism, real estate, and other industries.
其经济现在以旅游,地产等产业为主.
Dubai is the site of many construction projects, including Palm Islands—three artificial islands shaped like palm trees.
迪拜是许多建筑项目的地点,包括棕榈岛——三个人工岛屿形状为棕榈树.
The islands are being built along the coast by piling up enormous amounts of sand and rock.
这些岛屿正在海岸一带被堆积出大量的沙子和岩石所建造。
They are adding hundreds of miles of coastline to the city as well as residences for many thousands of people.
他们正在增加数百英里的海岸线和成千上万人的住所。
Construction began in 2001; the first one was completed in late 2016.
2001年开工;2016年末完成首个.
A crescent-shaped breakwater around the island protects it from strong waves and storms.
环绕岛上的一股新月状的分水岭保护它免受强烈的波浪和风暴.
Palm Jumeirah is one of the largest artificial islands in the world.
棕榈朱梅拉岛是世界上最大的人工岛之一.
Africa Ganvié, Benin In startling contrast to the modernity of Singapore and Dubai is Ganvié (GAWN-vye), the largest stilt village in Africa.
非洲甘维埃,贝宁 与新加坡和迪拜现代相比,甘维埃(GAWN-vye)是非洲最大的平地村庄。
The village is located in the middle of Lake Nokoué (NOHK-we) in the country of Benin.
该村位于贝宁境内诺克韦湖(NOHK-we)中部.
Ganvié has about twenty thousand residents and three thousand buildings.
甘维埃大约有2万居民和3千所建筑.
Only the school and a partially built cemetery are located on land.
只有学校和部分建造的公墓位于陆地上。
Ganvié had its origins in the seventeenth- century West African slave trade.
甘维埃起源于17世纪的西非奴隶贸易.
During that period, a powerful tribe named the Fon captured and sold people from other tribes into slavery.
在此期间,一个名叫"丰"的强大部落将其他部落的人抓获并出卖为奴隶.
The Fons’ religion prohibited them from pursuing people who lived on water.
Fons的宗教禁止他们去追捕生活在水上的人。
The village of Ganvié is sometimes called the Venice of Africa.
甘维埃村有时被称作"非洲威尼斯".
ATLANTIC OCEAN AFRICA Ganvié Another tribe, the Tofinu, fled to Lake Nokoué to avoid capture.
大西洋非洲 甘维埃 另一个部落托菲努人为躲避被俘而逃入诺克韦湖.
They founded the stilt village and established a way of life that thrives to this day.
他们创建了平地村并建立了一种至今蓬勃发展的生活方式.
Their success is reflected in the name of their village, which means “we survived.”
他们的成功体现在他们村庄的名下,这意味着“我们活了下来。 “
Villagers rely in large part on fishing for their livelihood.
村民主要依靠捕鱼为生。
They contain and breed fish using a network of underwater fences.
它们利用水下栅栏网络来养活鱼类。
They also keep chickens and goats on patches of grass that grow in the water.
他们还将鸡和山羊放入生长于水中的草地上.
People travel in long, narrow canoes called pirogues.
人们穿长而窄的独木舟出行,被称作"平地".
South America Uros Floating Village, Peru Like the Tofinu, the residents of Uros, a floating village in Peru, moved to water for safety.
南美洲乌罗斯漂浮村,秘鲁同托菲努人一样,秘鲁的一个漂浮村乌罗斯的居民为了安全而搬到了水上.
The Uru people fled to Lake Titicaca over five hundred years ago when the Inca and Colla peoples took over their land.
尤鲁人于500多年前因加人和科拉人占领了他们的土地后逃入了蒂蒂卡卡湖.
Approximately two thousand Uru now live on about seventy floating islands made of totora reeds.
大约两千 乌鲁现在生活在由托托拉芦苇所成的大约70个浮起的岛屿上.
The islands, which are 1.
群岛为一.
2 to 2.
2比2 (英语).
4 meters (4–8 ft.)
4米(4–8英尺) 平面为平面.
thick, disintegrate from the bottom.
厚而从下分出.
New reeds are continually added to the top.
新的芦苇被不断添加到顶部.
The Uru people also use the reeds to make canoes, homes, and furniture.
乌鲁人还用芦苇来作"活活","活活"等活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活
They make their living from fishing and selling handicrafts.
他们靠捕鱼和出售手工艺来谋生。
Though the Uru maintain old traditions, they enjoy some modern amenities.
虽然乌鲁人保持了旧的传统,但他们享受一些现代的便利设施.
The community has a radio station, and some residents have solar panels and motorboats.
该社区有广播电台,部分居民有太阳能板和摩托艇.
The Uru people make reed canoes for transportation.
乌鲁人出出芦苇舟作交通.
ATLANTIC OCEAN SOUTH AMERICA Uros North America Mexcaltitán, Mexico The Aztec people ruled large areas of Mesoamerica between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries.
拉丁美洲 乌罗斯 北美 墨西哥墨克勒蒂坦 阿兹特克人统治了14至16世纪的中美洲大片地区.
According to legend, they came from Aztlán (ahst-LAHN), a mythical island in a lagoon, which might have been a real place located in northern Mexico.
根据传说,它们出自阿兹特兰(英语:Aztlán (ahst-LAHN)),是泻湖中一个神话中的岛屿,它可能是位于墨西哥北部的真实地盘.
Then their gods instructed them to seek out a new homeland.
后来他们的神指示他们去寻找一个新的家园.
After a pilgrimage of two hundred years, they founded Tenochtitlán, their capital city.
二百年朝圣后,他们建立了他们的都城特诺克蒂特兰.
After the Spanish conquest in 1521, Tenochtitlán became known as Mexico City.
1521年西班牙征服后,特诺克蒂特兰被取名"墨西哥城".
Mexcaltitán rests on an isolated bar of sand 400 meters (1,300 ft.)
Mexcaltitán地处一个相隔400米(1,300英尺)的沙地上。
long off the Pacific coast of Mexico.
远离墨西哥太平洋海岸
Some historians think that Mexcaltitán (mes-kahl-tee-TAHN), a small human-made island near the Pacific coast of Mexico, is where the Aztec civilization had its beginnings.
一些历史学家认为,墨西哥人造小岛Mexcaltitán(mes-kahl-tee-TAHN)是靠近墨西哥太平洋海岸的一个小型人造岛屿,是阿兹特克文明的起步地.
Ancient manuscripts show that the early Aztecs traveled by canoes similar to those used by the inhabitants of Mexcaltitán.
古代手稿显示,早期的阿兹特克人出行时所乘坐的独木舟与墨克塞克利坦居民所使用相仿.
Furthermore, a map from 1579 shows Aztlán and Mexcaltitán to be in exactly the same place.
此外,1579年的地图显示,阿兹特兰和梅克西尔蒂坦位于完全相同的地方。
Mexcaltitán, which is about 350 meters (1,150 ft.)
Mexcaltitán,约350米(1,150英尺).
the Mexican Venice.
墨西哥威尼斯号
In summer during the rainy season, boats are the only way to travel through the streets.
在雨季的夏季,船只是唯一能穿行于街道的路.
The local children have fun playing “water soccer” on the island’s only soccer pitch, which is underwater.
当地儿童在岛上唯一一个水下足球场上玩"水上足球",
Locals boat and swim in the streets during the flood season in Mexcaltitán.
Mexcaltitán的洪水季节,当地人的船只和在街道上游泳.
Oceania Auckland, New Zealand This modern city of 1.
新西兰大洋洲奥克兰 这个现代城市的一.
5 million people is on the North Island of New Zealand in the South Pacific Ocean.
南太平洋的新西兰北岛有500万人。
Auckland is located between two large harbors on an isthmus less than 2 kilometers (1.
奥克兰地处两个大型港口之间,地峡不到2公里(1.
2 mi.)
2 m. (中文(简体) ).
wide at its narrowest point.
宽到最窄处
The harbors open to the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Tasman Sea to the west.
港口向东向太平洋开放,向西为塔斯曼海.
Auckland’s nickname is the “City of Sails.”
奥克兰的绰号是"City of Sails. “
About one-sixth of Aucklanders own a boat, and the city has hosted the America’s Cup yacht race twice.
约六分之一的奥克兰人拥有一艘船,而该市曾两次主办过美国杯游艇比赛.
Residents and visitors alike enjoy the thousands of beaches.
居民和游客都享受上千个海滩。
Water-related activities include kayaking, parasailing, swimming, surfing, boating, fishing, diving, and beach horseback riding.
与水有关的活动包括皮划艇、放行、游泳、冲浪、划船、捕鱼、潜水和海滩骑马等。
Auckland is New Zealand’s largest city.
奥克兰是新西兰最大的城市.
People and Water Many kinds of water cities exist besides the ones you’ve just read about.
除了你刚刚读到的那些城市,
For instance, there’s a tiny Italian fishing town made up of a jumble of brightly colored homes that cling to steep, rocky cliffs.
例如,有一个很小的意大利渔城, 由一团明亮的彩色住宅组成,
A floating community located in Northern California has fancy, simple, and vintage houseboats.
位于北加州的一个浮游社区拥有花哨,简单和古董的船.
Aircraft carriers—huge seagoing ships designed to launch aircraft—house thousands of people in the military for months at a time.
航空母舰 -- -- 为发射飞机而设计的大型出海舰 -- -- 一次容纳数千名军人数月。
Water represents different things to different people.
水代表着不同的人
For residents of water cities, it may mean recreation, a link to nature, or a way of life.
对于水上城市的居民来说,它可能指娱乐,与自然的联系,或者一种生活方式.
It may also mean safety, survival, or an essential connection with the rest of the world.
它还可能意味着安全、生存或与世界其他地区的基本联系。
The remarkable diversity of water cities around the world is a testament to human adaptability and innovation.
全世界水城市的显著多样性证明了人类的适应性和创新。