Roots of Rap

美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习

Roots of Rap.

饶舌之根.

4 Born at the Block Party.

4生于街区党.

6 The Four Pillars of Hip-Hop.

6 Hip-Hop的四柱.

7 The DJ.

7 DJ (英语).

8 Breaking.

8 断.

10 Graffiti Art.

10 《格拉菲蒂艺术》。

11 Rap.

11 说唱。

13 Rap Evolves.

13 Rap Evolves. (原始内容存档于2018-10-12).

15 The Party Doesn’t Stop.

15 该党没有停止。

15 Glossary.

15 词汇。

16 Contents Run-DMC and the Beastie Boys New York City in the 1970s was a tough place to live.

16 内容 Run-DMC和"野兽男孩"20世纪70年代的纽约市是一个艰难的住地.

The city’s growing financial and social problems resulted in high crime rates and soaring poverty.

城市日益严重的财政和社会问题导致犯罪率高和贫穷加剧。

Not much looked bright for the future of many New Yorkers, particularly those in poor neighborhoods.

对于许多纽约人的未来,尤其是那些生活在贫困街区的人来说,看起来不太光明。

Out of this poverty, however, a new style of music would rise.

然而,在这种贫困中,一种新的音乐风格将会兴起。

Hip-hop was born one afternoon in August of 1973 in the South Bronx in New York City.

Hip-hop于1973年8月1日下午生于纽约市南布朗克斯.

A teenager named Cindy Campbell asked her 16-year-old brother Clive if he would DJ (disc jockey) a back-to- school party.

一个叫Cindy Campbell的少年问她16岁的弟弟Clive是否愿意参加DJ(disc jokey)回校聚会.

In the 1970s, abandoned buildings were a common part of the South Bronx landscape.

20世纪70年代,被废弃的建筑是南布朗克斯地貌的一个常见部分.

Trash piled up as New York City faced big financial problems.

纽约市面临巨大的财政问题,垃圾堆积而成。

Clive didn’t have any fancy equipment.

Clive没有任何高档设备。

He picked out some records and hooked up two turntables to a guitar amplifier.

他挑出一些唱片,把两个转盘接上吉他放大器.

Clive, who was nicknamed “Hercules” due to his large size, performed as DJ Kool Herc.

Clive由于体型大而被昵称为"Hercules",他作为DJ Kool Herc出演.

The party was a huge success.

该党取得了巨大成功.

The next day Clive was famous throughout the Bronx.

次日克莱夫在整个布朗克河中出名.

Like Clive, other kids from different backgrounds were inspired to take what little they had—beat-up turntables, vinyl records, a microphone—and use their creativity to invent hip-hop, an entirely new musical culture.

与克莱夫一样,其他来自不同背景的孩子受到启发,接受他们拥有的微小的东西——被打倒的转盘,阴道唱片,麦克风——并利用他们的创造力来发明嘻哈,这是一种全新的音乐文化.

Hip-hop featured a distinct kind of performance called rapping that showcased clever rhymes and catchy beats.

Hip-hop以一种独特的表演为特色,称为说唱,展现出聪明的韵律和接拍.

This new sound caught fire all over the world.

这个新声音在全世界都着了火.

DJ Kool Herc and Cindy Campbell DJ Kool Herc’s success moved from block parties to nightclubs.

DJ 库尔·赫克和辛迪·坎贝尔 DJ 库尔 Herc的成功从街区派对发展到夜总会。

Eventually, he was known as the Father of Hip Hop.

最终被誉为"Hip Hop之父".

During a block party, a neighborhood closes its streets to traffic.

在一个街区聚会期间,一个街区关闭 街道交通。

People come together outdoors to have fun.

人们聚集在户外玩乐.

In the 1970s, block parties often took place in poor areas like the South Bronx.

在20世纪70年代,街区聚会经常发生在南布朗克等贫困地区.

Here, many people could not afford to go to expensive dance clubs.

在这里,许多人无力去昂贵的舞蹈俱乐部。

They had to find creative ways to make their own entertainment.

他们必须找到创造力的方法来创造自己的娱乐。

Block parties were key to the growth of hip-hop.

聚会是嘻哈成长的关键。

When a person performed, their live audience was made up of friends, neighbors, and even rivals.

当一个人表演时,他们的现场观众由朋友,邻居,甚至对手组成.

The audience gave honest feedback during the show—good or bad.

观众在节目中诚实地反馈了好坏。

B or n at the B io ck Pa r t y Grandmaster Flash Neighborhood block parties helped develop a sense of community in cities across the country.

在B io ck Pa r t y Grandmaster Flash Neignborhood 街区聚会上,

The original hip-hop artists knew they could become legendary among their peers.

最初的嘻哈艺术家们知道,他们可以在同龄人中成为传奇.

But they did not realize that what they were creating would become world famous.

但他们并没有意识到他们所创造的东西会成为世界名人.

Looking back at those days, DJ Kool Herc noted that no one knew they were actually making history by creating a new culture.

回想那些日子,DJ库尔 赫克指出,没有人知道他们实际上通过创造新文化来创造历史。

Grandmaster Flash, one of hip-hop’s pioneer DJs, turned down his first offer to make a record.

嘻哈的先行者DJ之一的外婆Flash拒绝了他首次录制唱片的提议.

He was charging a dollar or two for local shows and couldn’t imagine anyone would want to pay full price for a hip-hop record.

他为当地演出收取一两美元,

Early hip-hop was not just music.

早期嘻哈不仅仅是音乐

It was a lifestyle.

这是一种生活方式。

Since the hip-hop community had no access to performing in clubs, dancing on stages, or exhibiting their art in galleries, they took their creativity to the streets and made them their stage— and the city, their audience.

由于嘻哈社区无法在俱乐部演出、在舞台上跳舞或在美术馆展出艺术,他们将自己的创造力带到了街头,使他们成为自己的舞台——以及城市和观众。

Early hip-hop DJs referred to the “four pillars,” or key parts, of hip-hop culture.

早期嘻哈DJ指嘻哈文化的"四个支柱"或关键部分.

These four elements of hip-hop—the DJ, the MC (rapper), breaking, and graffiti art—were all equally important.

这四个嘻哈元素——DJ,MC (rapper),破碎和涂鸦艺术——都同样重要.

The Four Pi ii ars of Hip -Hop Afrika Bambaataa KRS-ONE The job of the DJ has always been to keep the party music flowing.

(原始内容存档于2018-03-26) (英语). Four Pi ii ars of Hip - Hop Afrika Bambaataa KRS-ONE DJ的工作始终是保持党的音乐流畅.

To play music, the DJ placed a turntable needle on a groove in the record, ideally as smoothly as possible.

为了演奏音乐,DJ在唱片中放入了转弯的针头,理想的是尽可能地平稳.

Typically, as a song was ending on one turntable, the DJ used the second turntable to fade in a new song.

通常,由于一首歌正在一个转盘上结束,DJ使用第二个转盘来淡出一首新歌.

Hip-hop DJs did something that was new and different.

Hip -hop DJs做了一些新鲜而不同的事情.

They took the tools made to play music and used them to make music.

他们取出为演奏音乐而制作的工具并用来制作音乐.

One of the most famous sounds of early hip-hop was called scratching.

早期嘻哈最出名的声音之一被称作"刮".

DJs created a scratchy sound by moving the vinyl record back and forth with their hand while it was playing on the turntable.

DJs通过在转盘上演奏时用手将阴道唱片前后移动来来来去来来来来来来来来来来来来来来来来去去去去来来来来来去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去去

The DJ The first hip-hop DJs used turntables to scratch and mix music.

DJ 军法 最早的嘻哈DJ使用转盘来抓取并混合音乐.

In 1974, a year after his sister’s block party, DJ Kool Herc noticed that crowds loved a part of the record called the breakbeat.

1974年,在他姐姐的街区聚会一年后,DJ Kool Herc注意到,人群喜欢唱片中叫做breakbeat的部分.

The breakbeat was a short, catchy drum solo.

击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击

He used his two turntables to repeat the breakbeat over and over.

他用他的两张转盘反复地重复了断拍.

His live audience went crazy.

他的现场观众疯了

From this came the idea of sampling, which meant taking a part (or sample) of a song and reusing it to make a new song.

由此产生了采样的想法,这意味着参与一首歌曲(或取样)并再用它来作一首新歌.

Hip-hop DJs created their new music from records that already existed, whether they were making breakbeats, sampling catchy vocal bits or adding scratching.

Hip-hop DJs从已经存在的唱片中创造了他们的新音乐,无论是制作出breakbeats,采样接拍的相声比特还是加入抓取.

The creativity of early hip-hop DJs influenced music-makers outside the world of hip-hop for years to come.

早期嘻哈DJ的创造力影响了嘻哈世界外的音乐制作人,未来多年.

Competition was an important key to every creative aspect of hip-hop—everybody wanted to be the best, the newest, and the freshest.

竞争是嘻哈每个创造性方面的重要关键——每个人都想成为最佳、最新和最新鲜的人。

A conflict that might once have been settled with physical confrontation could instead be addressed through the creative victory of a rap battle or a breakdance showdown.

可能曾经以实际对抗解决的冲突,可以通过说唱战的创造性胜利或破解出场来解决。

Two rappers would throw down their best verses, or two dancers would show off their most impressive moves—and let the live audience decide who had won.

两位说唱歌手会放下他们最好的诗句,

Surviving Your Rival Although it’s commonly known as breakdancing, the original street dancers called what they did breaking.

战胜对手：虽然这种舞蹈通常被称为霹雳舞，但最初的街舞舞者把他们的舞蹈称为 breaking。

They referred to themselves as b-boys, b-girls, or breakers.

他们自称为"b-boys","b-girls"或"breakers".

Breakers danced to hip-hop, funk music, and, of course, breakbeats.

打破者跳出嘻哈,放克音乐, 当然,打破者。

They danced alone or as part of a dance crew.

他们单独跳舞或作为舞蹈团队的一部分.

Breakers would show off their skills while the breakbeat played, using four types of movement.

断路手会在打出断路手时展示他们的技能,使用四种类型的动作.

breaking.

中断。

A unique style is key.

一个独特的风格是关键。

on foot speed and footwork combinations.

在脚步速度和脚步工作组合。

Breaking A b-boy performs one of many types of freezes.

断开 一个b -boy执行 多种类型的冻结之一。

on speed, momentum, and acrobatics.

速度、动力和杂技

typically in an unusual or difficult position.

通常处于不寻常或困难的地位。

Dance battles were common.

舞蹈会很常见

Two breakers or dance crews would take turns showing off their best moves.

两个断路手或舞蹈组 轮流展示他们最好的动作

The competition was judged by an audience that stood in a circle around the breakers.

这场比赛由一个站在断路器周围一圈的观众来评判.

Breaking became world famous.

断取出世出名.

It made its way into movies and TV shows, and was adopted and adored by hip-hop fans all over the world.

它成功入选了电影和电视节目,并被世界各地的嘻哈歌迷所采纳和喜爱.

The streets of New York had graffiti long before hip-hop.

纽约的街道早在嘻哈之前就有了涂鸦.

But in the early 1970s, hip-hop culture produced graffiti artists who began spray- painting their unique signatures in different places, called tagging.

但在20世纪70年代初,嘻哈文化产生了涂鸦艺术家,他们开始喷出——在不同的地方画出自己独特的签名,被称作"标记".

Tags began to spring up on buildings, subway cars, buses, and even places that seemed impossible to reach.

塔克开始涌出 建筑物,地铁汽车,公共汽车, 甚至那些似乎无法到达的地方。

Graffi ti Art Some consider tagging vandalism, while others see it as a form of artistic expression.

Graffi ti Art 有的考虑标记破坏行为,有的则认为这是一种艺术表现形式.

Graffiti artists wanted the fame that came from other people seeing their street tags on a building or bridge.

格拉菲蒂艺术家想要的名声来自其他人在一栋建筑或桥梁上看到他们的街道标记.

They got even more attention if they had a unique style.

他们如果有独特的风格,就会得到更多的关注.

Bubble lettering was popular first.

泡泡来信首先流行.

But the artistic, hard-to-read “wildstyle” that came out of Brooklyn proved to be the defining look.

但布鲁克林出道的艺术性,难以阅读的"荒诞风格"被证明是决定性的外观.

Graffiti artists were committing a criminal act in defacing public property.

格拉菲蒂艺术家正在犯下诽谤公共财产的犯罪行为。

However, hip-hop fans saw graffiti as their unique art form.

然而,嘻哈球迷将涂鸦视为他们独特的艺术形式.

Eventually, hip-hop graffiti was featured in many places, including museums, books, magazines, and websites.

最终,嘻哈涂鸦在包括博物馆,书籍,杂志,以及网站在内的多地被展示.

Political and social themes have often been a part of popular American music.

政治和社会主题经常成为美国流行音乐的一部分.

Blues, jazz, and rock ‘n’ roll have all created their share of controversy.

蓝调、爵士乐和摇滚乐都引起了争议。

Rap, however, brought the idea of controversial music to an entirely new level.

然而,Rap将有争议音乐的想法带到了全新的水平.

Like many genres of music that preceded it, rap changed as its popularity grew.

和之前的许多音乐流派一样,说唱随着受欢迎程度的提高而改变.

With the success of gangsta rap in the 1990s, some rap lyrics shifted to more controversial issues such as violence, sexism, gangs, and drugs.

随着20世纪90年代帮派说唱的成功,一些说唱歌词转向了更有争议的问题,如暴力,性别主义,帮派和毒品等.

Anti-rap feelings began to grow.

抗虐情绪开始增长.

Gangsta rap became a target of Parental Advisory labels.

Gangsta说唱成为了父母咨询标签的目标.

These labels warned that the music’s lyrics could be offensive.

这些标签警告说,音乐的歌词可能带有冒犯性.

Rappers report on their experiences.

强奸犯报告了他们的经历。

Some rap artists believe their music has been unjustly targeted, when music of other genres might be seen as equally offensive.

一些说唱艺术家认为他们的音乐被不公正地作为目标,当时其他流派的音乐可能被视为同样冒犯.

Rap will always create controversy as its artists continue to show the reality of life as they see it through their lyrics.

说唱总是会引发争议,因为其艺术家继续通过歌词展现出生活中的现实.

In the beginning, the rapper was called the MC (Master of Ceremonies).

一开始说唱歌手被称作MC(典礼大师).

As the DJ played music, the MC did a call-and-response to excite the crowd (MC: “Everybody say ho!”

当DJ演奏音乐时,MC做了一个呼叫和响应来激起人群(MC:"每个人都说!").

Audience: “HO!”

观众:“HO!”

Rappers soon found they could please the audience even more by making simple rhymes that worked with the beat.

说唱者很快发现,通过制作与节奏相配合的简单韵道,他们可以更取悦观众.

A rapper was judged by the content, flow, and delivery of his or her rap.

说唱歌手是根据他/她说唱的内容、流传和交付来判断的。

The content covered a wide range of subjects—from boastful rhymes to social and political commentary; all were fair game.

内容涵盖广泛的主题——从自夸的韵律到社会和政治评论;都是公平的游戏。

The flow meant staying true to the beat while delivering the lyrics.

流出意味着在送出歌词时要忠实于节拍.

To keep the same rhythm as the music, rappers stress a particular syllable to match the beat.

为了保持与音乐相同的节奏,说唱歌手强调特定的音节来配合节奏.

Good delivery showed the mastery of the voice.

善解人意能显出声闻自在.

This involved vocal presence (a unique, recognizable rapping voice), enunciation (clarity or stylized slurring of words), and breath control (breathing without interrupting flow).

这涉及声波存在(一种独特的,可识别的说唱声),发泄(拼接或花样化的口音),和呼吸控制(呼吸而不会中断流出).

Rap Run-DMC It’s 8,928 miles (14,368 km) from the Bronx, New York, to New Zealand.

说唱跑跑 DMC 从纽约布朗克号到新西兰有8,928英里(14,368公里).

But in the early 1980s records like “Rapper’s Delight” and “The Message” traveled that great distance and found an eager audience among the M āori, the native Polynesian people of New Zealand.

但1980年代初期,诸如 " Rapper's Delight " 和 " The Message " 等唱片远走高飞,在新西兰本土波利尼西亚人毛利人中找到热心的听众。

Much like the population of the South Bronx in the early 1970s, large numbers of Māori lived poverty-stricken lives outside the mainstream of society when hip-hop arrived.

与1970年代初期南布朗克人的人口一样,大量毛利人在嘻哈到来时生活在社会主流之外。

They experienced more challenges, higher levels of crime, health problems, and poorer education than the rest of society.

他们遇到的挑战更多,犯罪率高,健康问题高,受教育程度也比社会其他阶层差。

The M āori people felt they were not represented in mainstream New Zealand media and culture.

毛利人认为他们在新西兰主流媒体和文化中没有代表。

Hip-hop spoke strongly to them, and Maori bands such as Upper Hutt Posse and Third3ye adopted it as their own musical culture.

Hip-hop对他们说了很强烈的话,而上Hutt Posse和Tergree3ye等毛利乐队将它作为自己的音乐文化.

Although breaking, graffiti art, and DJing are still popular, rap as a musical art form clearly broke away from the pack.

虽然打碎了,涂鸦艺术,和DJing仍然很受欢迎,但说唱作为一种音乐艺术形式,显然与"包"相去甚远.

In the beginning, the rapper was just a part of the hip-hop party.

一开始说唱歌手只是嘻哈派对的一部分.

But once hip-hop records started becoming successful, the rappers themselves became the stars.

但自嘻哈唱片开始成功后,说唱歌手本身就成为了明星.

Now, rap music has grown to the point where it is heard in almost all forms of music today, from hard rock to country pop.

现在,说唱音乐已经发展到今天几乎在各种音乐形式中都能听到的程度,从硬摇滚到乡村流行.

In the early 1980s, as rap records became popular around the world, hip-hop culture became a global phenomenon.

1980年代初,随着说唱唱片在全世界流行,嘻哈文化也成为了全球现象.

What started at a young girl’s street party in the South Bronx in 1973 has become a part of the world’s popular culture.

1973年从南布朗克斯的一个年轻女孩街头聚会开始,已经成为了世界流行文化的一部分.

Poverty and the lack of means to develop new mainstream music led to creativity and some of the most influential sounds of the twentieth century.

贫穷和缺乏发展出新的主流音乐的手段,导致了创造力和二十世纪一些最有影响力的声音.

All it took was imagination, the ability to express oneself, and the desire to have fun.

需要的只是想象力,表达自己的能力,以及享受乐趣的愿望.

Rap Evo ives The Party Doesn’t Stop Europe Asia The Caribbean Countries around the world have adopted hip-hop culture.

Rap Evo ves 党不阻止欧洲 亚洲 世界各地的加勒比国家都采用了嘻哈文化。