Paragliding

美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习

Table of Contents The Longest Flight.

内容表 最长的飞行。

4 What Is Paragliding?

4 什么是"幻行"吗?

5 How Paragliders Fly.

5 伞式滑翔机如何飞行.

7 Becoming a Paraglider Pilot.

7 成为伞兵飞行员。

9 Who Can Fly?

9谁能飞?

10 Staying Safe.

10个安全

11 Competition.

11 竞相.

12 Acro.

12个阿克罗。

12 Cross-Country Competitions.

12场跨国比赛.

13 Hike-and-Fly Competitions.

13个平飞比赛.

14 The Dream Is Real.

14"梦是真实的".

15 Glossary.

15 词汇。

16 The Longest Flight On October 13, 2016, five Brazilians strapped on their gear and took off into the air.

2016年10月13日,"最长的飞行"(The Longest Flight),5名巴西人被绑上齿轮并起飞出道.

They flew without motors or engines of any kind; simple canopies made of fabric kept them aloft.

它们飞行时没有发动机或任何发动机;用织物制成的简单的花冠保持了它们的高度.

Thirty-two kilometers (20 mi.)

32公里(20米.

into the flight, two of the flyers failed to find enough lift to continue, but the other three flew onward.

飞入航班,其中两架传单未能找到足够的升降机继续飞行,但另外三架则继续飞行.

They soared across the Brazilian countryside, gliding farther and farther as the hours passed.

它们飞出巴西农村,随着时间的流逝,飞得越来越远。

The 200-kilometer (124 mi.)

200公里(124米)

mark fell, then the 300-kilometer (186 mi.)

马克下降,然后300公里(186米.

mark.

标记。

After nearly twelve hours, they reached a distance of just over 564 kilometers (350 mi.)

近12小时后,它们到达了相距仅超过564公里(350米.

and descended to the ground.

并被降入地中.

These three pilots had just set a new world record for long-distance paragliding.

这三名飞行员刚刚为长途滑翔创造了新的世界纪录.

Rafael Saladini flies with Donizete Lemos and Samuel Nascimento on a record-breaking paragliding flight in 2016.

拉斐尔·萨拉迪尼于2016年与多尼泽特·莱莫斯和塞缪尔·纳西门托乘坐创纪录的伞式滑翔机飞行.

What Is Paragliding?

什么是"伞形"?

Throughout history, humans have looked at the sky and thought, If only we could fly like birds.

整个历史中,人类都仰望着天空 如果我们能像鸟一样飞行就好了

Airplanes allowed people to experience flight, but only jammed inside heavy machines with noisy engines.

飞机允许人们体验飞行,但只卡住有噪音引擎的重型机器内部.

Sailplanes (gliders) are quieter but still must be towed into the sky by a plane.

滑翔机(滑翔机)比较安静,但仍必须被一架飞机拖入天空.

Neither provide experiences that could be called truly birdlike.

也没有提供可以称为真正鸟类的经验。

Paragliders and hang gliders, however, bring people very close to experiencing the freedom and grace of birds.

然而,滑翔机和悬挂滑翔机使人们非常接近于体验鸟类的自由与优雅.

Flyers are able to leave the ground under their own power and soar high in the sky for hours using only the forces of nature.

飞行者能够凭自己的力量从地上出走,并用自然的力量在天空中高涨了几个小时.

Hang gliders are constructed with solid frames and V-shaped wings.

悬挂滑翔机用固体框架和V形机翼来构造.

Paragliders are lighter and simpler, consisting of just a soft harness and a flexible, elliptical-shaped fabric wing.

伞式滑翔机更轻而简单,仅由柔软的吊带和灵活的椭圆形织物翼组成.

Paragliding Equipment Paragliding equipment is easily carried and often weighs less than 16 kilograms (35 lb.)

辅助滑行设备易于携带并往往重量低于16公斤(35磅)

Unpacking and preparing the gear for launch can be done in less than ten minutes.

卸下并准备发射的齿轮可以在不到10分钟内完成.

Wing or Canopy Made from durable synthetic fabric, a standard paragliding wing has two layers separated by cells that inflate and trap air.

翼或花冠 由耐用合成织物所制成,一标准抛光翼由两层隔开,由充气和夹住空气的细胞所分出.

Harness and Risers The harness is like a soft chair with straps to secure the pilot.

利用和崛起 吊带就像一个软椅 有绑带来保护飞行员

The harness is attached to the lines by thin straps called risers.

绳子被称为起起起落架的薄带接上

Helmet An open-face helmet looks much like a ski helmet; a full-face helmet has a protective bar across the chin.

头盔 开口头盔外观与滑雪头盔很像;全面头盔有保护栏横过下巴.

Radio A radio allows pilots to communicate with other pilots as well as people on the ground and is important in emergencies.

电台 无线电使飞行员能够与其他飞行员以及地面上的人交流,在紧急情况中很重要。

Variometer, or “Vario” This flight instrument helps a pilot find rising air, which is essential for staying aloft.

变位计,或“瓦里奥” 这种飞行仪能帮助飞行员找到上升的空气,这对于保持高空至关重要.

It measures vertical speed and provides information about altitude and ground speed.

它测量垂直速度并提供有关高度和地上速度的信息.

Reserve Parachute This essential piece of safety equipment can be used as a last resort by a pilot if the wing collapses and doesn’t reopen.

后备伞 如果机翼倒塌而未重新打开, 驾驶员可将此安全设备作为最后手段。

How Paragliders Fly After readying his or her gear, a pilot runs forward down a hillside, pulling the wing behind.

伞兵如何驾驶 飞 在准备好装备后,一名飞行员从山坡上向前跑去,将机翼拉入后方.

The wing inflates above the pilot as the air moves through it and gets trapped in cells in the fabric.

机翼向飞行员上方充气,当空气穿过时被困入织物中的细胞.

The wing rises, much like a kite, and is lifted into the air.

翼起而起,多相如风筝相入而起.

It gently lifts the pilot, too.

它轻轻地抬起飞行员。

Once airborne, the pilot sits back into the harness, which is attached by lines to the wing above.

一旦起降,飞行员就坐回了被上方机翼所接通的绳子上.

To stay airborne and ascend farther, the pilot tries to find air that is rising faster than the force of gravity is pulling him or her down.

为了保持空中升起 飞行员试图寻找比重力加速升起的空气

The pilot takes advantage of thermals—columns of hot, rising air created by the Sun’s warmth.

试飞员利用热能 -- -- 太阳取暖后产生的热能上升的空气的柱子。

A pilot may also use ridge lift—wind that is directed upward by fixed objects in the landscape such as mountains, hills, and dunes.

飞行员还可以使用山脊升力——由山地、丘陵和沙丘等地貌中的固定物体向上倾斜的风向。

A pilot brings up his wing in the reverse launch position.

一名飞行员在反向发射位置提起他的机翼.

Pilots use the reverse launch position when winds are strong because it gives them more control over the wing.

飞行员在风力强大时使用反向发射姿势,因为这会让他们对机翼有更多的控制.

Experienced pilots can use thermal flying to reach thousands of meters in height, cover distances of hundreds of kilometers, and stay aloft for hours.

有经验的飞行员可以使用热能飞行来达到千米高地,覆盖数百公里的距离,并保持高空飞行数小时.

They control their paraglider by pulling on brakes—handheld controls that change the shape of the flexible wing.

他们通过拉起刹车来控制他们的伞式滑翔机——手持控制器,可以改变灵活翼的外形.

Pilots also shift their weight from side to side to increase their ability to turn.

飞行员们也从一面转向一面来提高他们的转向能力.

Without rising air, gravity will cause a glider to gently descend.

没有上升的空气,重力会使滑翔机轻轻地下降.

Pilots can use the brakes to control the speed of the descent and come to a safe landing, running to a stop once they reach the ground.

飞行员可以使用制动来控制下行速度并到达安全着陆,一到地上就跑到一站.

Becoming a Paraglider Pilot People learn to fly and become paraglider pilots by going through a training program with a licensed instructor.

成为一名准滑翔飞行员 人们学会飞行 成为准滑翔飞行员 通过一个训练计划

A typical full-time course at a flying school lasts ten days to two weeks.

飞行学校的典型全日制课程持续十天至两周.

Students practice with their equipment outdoors and learn flight rules and theory.

学生在户外用设备练习并学习飞行规则和理论.

Most schools provide all the necessary gear and have training hills for students to practice on.

大多数学校提供所有必要装备,并设有训练山,供学生练习。

Students first learn how to carry and set up a glider.

学生首先学会了携带并设置滑翔机.

Next, they learn to “kite” the glider— handling it on the ground in preparation for launching it into the air.

接着,他们学会了“亲吻”滑翔机——在地上操作,准备将其发射到空中。

Finally, students learn to launch their glider, fly in the air, and land safely.

最后,学生学会了发射滑翔机,在空中飞行,安全着陆.

Students complete a minimum number of supervised flights (often thirty-five or more) to earn their license to fly without instructor supervision.

学生完成最低次数的有监督的飞行(通常为35个或以上),以赚取他们的飞行执照而无需教官监督.

Gavin McClurg In 2013, Gavin McClurg set a U.

2013年加文·麦克克卢克,加文·麦克克卢克设定了U.

S.

师曰.

Distance Paragliding record by flying 386 kilometers (240 mi.)

飞行386公里(240米)的距离飞行记录

pleasurable adventure sport of all.

令人愉快的冒险运动

Gavin flies high in Alaska.

加文在阿拉斯加飞得很高

Who Can Fly?

谁能飞?

Paragliding is accessible to a wide variety of people of different levels of physical ability.

各种身体能力水平不同的人可以使用伞形飞行。

Age restrictions vary from country to country.

年龄限制因国而异.

Young people under the age of eighteen must always have parental permission, and younger teenagers usually must have a parent participating in training and flight alongside them.

未满18岁的年轻人必须始终得到父母的许可,年轻的青少年通常必须有父母与他们一起参加培训和出逃。

Even younger people can enjoy paragliding through tandem flight.

即使是年轻人也能享受通过并肩飞行的滑翔。

In a tandem flight, an instructor takes a passenger along.

在一次并列飞行中,教官带一名乘客随行.

It’s a great way to help beginners learn, and it allows kids who aren’t old enough to fly by themselves, or anyone who is interested, to experience the sport.

帮助初学者学习的好方法, 也让年龄不足的小孩独自驾驶飞机,

A boy makes a tandem flight in Austria.

一个男孩在奥地利搭乘飞机

Staying Safe Like all flying sports, paragliding involves some risks.

安全无虞 与所有飞行运动一样,滑翔也涉及一些风险.

However, following safe flying practices can greatly reduce the chance of injury.

然而,遵循安全飞行的做法可大大减少受伤的可能性。

Pilots should check their gear before taking off and assess the sites they are launching from and the places they plan to land.

飞行员在起飞前应检查他们的装备,并评估他们从发射的地点和计划降落的地点。

They must be aware of any obstacles they may encounter, such as power lines and other structures.

他们必须意识到可能遇到的任何障碍,例如电线和其他结构。

Paying careful attention to the weather is most important.

注意天气是最重要的。

Winds that are too strong or too gusty can make flying dangerous.

风力太强或太弱会使飞行变得危险.

Storm fronts or other turbulent air can cause canopies to collapse, forcing pilots to deploy their reserve parachutes.

风暴前锋或其他动荡的空气会使树冠倒塌,迫使飞行员部署后备降落伞.

When the flying conditions are not right, paragliders must always choose not to fly rather than take unnecessary chances.

当飞行条件不妥时,伞兵必须总是选择不飞行,而不是冒不必要的机会.

To help them stay safe, many paraglider pilots complete advanced training that allows them to practice dealing with simulated emergencies while flying.

为了帮助他们保持安全,许多准滑翔机飞行员完成了高级训练,使他们能够在飞行时练习处理模拟紧急情况.

During the training, pilots practice recovering from stalls, spins, spiral dives, and collapses over a lake.

在训练期间,飞行员练习从摊位,自旋,螺旋下潜中恢复,并倒塌于一湖上.

If they become tangled in their canopy or lines, they can deploy their parachutes.

如果它们被缠在树冠上或线上,它们可以部署降落伞.

If their parachutes don’t open, they can still avoid serious injury by falling into the lake and being picked up by a rescue boat.

若降落伞不打开,

Competition Once paraglider pilots are trained and know how to stay safe, there are almost no limits to what they can do.

竞争 一旦伞式滑翔机飞行员经过训练并知道如何保持安全,他们所能做的几乎是无限的.

As they improve their skills, many like to test them in competitive paragliding.

随着他们技能的提高,许多人喜欢通过竞技滑翔来测试他们.

Acro Aerobatic paragliding events where pilots do difficult and dramatic maneuvers are one type of competition.

Acro Aerobatic 驾驶员进行困难和戏剧性动作的滑翔活动是一类竞赛.

At the Acro World Tour and similar tournaments, the best pilots compete in bold aerial shows that demonstrate their mastery and control of their wing.

在亚克罗世界巡回赛和相类似的锦标赛上,最优秀的飞行员以粗体空中出场来竞争,展现出他们对翅膀的掌握和控制.

They show off their skills by performing stunts with names like the “deep spiral,” “helicopter,” and “infinity tumbling.”

他们以“深层螺旋”、“直升机”和“无穷倒塌”等名字表演特技来展示自己的技能。 “

This last maneuver is a challenging trick in which pilots perform an unbroken series of forward somersaults with the wing.

这最后的战术是具有挑战性的把戏,飞行员用机翼进行一连串未断的前起倒置.

An acro pilot performs a series of somersaults.

一个cro飞行员进行一系列的摩擦.

Cross-Country Competitions Paraglider pilots also compete in cross-country flying events, which can be organized as races or as distance or accuracy challenges.

跨国比赛 准滑翔机飞行员也在跨国飞行活动中进行竞争,这些飞行活动可以组织为赛事,也可以组织为距离或准确性挑战.

In a race, pilots vie to complete a course through the air in the quickest time.

在比赛中,飞行员在最快的时间内通过空中完成一门航线.

Like any other race, a paragliding course has a start and a finish as well as turn points such as the top of a ridge.

和任何其他种族一样,滑翔航道具有起跑和起跑的终点以及脊顶等转点.

Aerial photos or GPS receivers can be used to verify that pilots have passed each section of the course.

空中相片或GPS接收器可用于验证飞行员是否已经通过课程的每一段.

In an accuracy competition, pilots try to navigate their glider so they can land closest to a bull’s-eye on the ground.

在精确的比赛中,飞行员尝试驾驶滑翔机,以便能最接近地上牛眼而着陆.

In open-distance competitions, pilots try to achieve the longest flights.

在开跑比赛中,飞行员尝试实现最长的飞行.

Competitors in the 2001 Paragliding World Cup fill the sky in a mountainous region of Spain.

2001年参赛世界的竞争者 杯子填补了西班牙山区的天空.

Christian “Chrigel” Maurer Switzerland’s Chrigel (KREE-gul) Maurer, known as “Chrigel the Eagle,” began paragliding when he was nine years old.

克里斯蒂安·克瑞格尔(KREE-gul) 莫伊雷尔被称作"鹰之克瑞格尔"(Chrigel the Eagle),从他9岁起就开始抛锚.

Today he is widely considered one of the world’s most skillful pilots and has won the X-Alps competition a record five times in a row.

今天,他被广泛认为是世界上最有技能的飞行员之一,并连续5次获得X-阿尔卑斯山的比赛纪录.

Hike-and-Fly Competitions “Hike-and-fly” races such as the X-Alps are a third type of competition.

高空飞行比赛 X-阿尔卑斯等"海克与飞"比赛是第三种比赛.

The X-Alps calls itself the “world’s toughest adventure race.”

X-阿尔卑斯人自称是"世界上最艰难的冒险竞赛". “

Once every two years, paraglider pilots from all over the world travel to Europe to test their skills above the continent’s largest mountain range.

每两年一次,来自世界各地的伞式滑翔机飞行员前往欧洲,测试他们在非洲大陆最大山脉之上的技能。

X-Alps competitors don’t just paraglide—they cross the Alps from north to south through a combination of paragliding and hiking; no other forms of transportation are allowed.

X-阿尔卑斯山脉的竞争者不只是滑行者,他们从北到南通过滑行和徒步穿越阿尔卑斯山脉;不允许其他形式的交通。

A typical route might cover five or more countries and more than 1,000 kilometers (621 mi.)

典型的路线可能包括5个或更多国家,并有1000多公里(621 mi.

The Dream Is Real For those who practice the sport, nothing beats the feeling of paragliding.

梦是真实的 对于那些练习运动的人来说,没有什么能比跳伞的感觉更好.

More and more people are becoming pilots in countries around the world.

越来越多的人成为世界各国的飞行员。

The sport’s accessibility is the key to its growing popularity.

运动的普及性是运动越来越受欢迎的关键。

It’s the easiest, simplest, and most affordable way to gain access to the air.

这是最容易、最简单、最廉价的空中交通方式。

A person can learn the basics of flight in just a few days.

一个人可以在几天内学习飞行的基本知识.

All the equipment can be carried in a lightweight pack.

所有设备都可以用轻量级包来携带.

Almost anyone can do it, young or old, with the proper training and equipment.

几乎任何人都可以做到这一点,无论年轻还是老,有适当的训练和设备。

With a little help from the weather, a pilot can stay up in the sky for hours.

在天气稍有帮助的情况下,飞行员可以在空中停留数小时.

The ancient dream has come true—people can finally fly like birds.

古老的梦想终于成真了 人们终于可以像鸟一样飞了

Coastal areas often offer fantastic opportunities for paragliding with steady winds and soarable ridges.

沿海地区往往为以稳风和高耸的山脊为伞形飞行提供绝好的机会。