King George III
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
IRELAND SCOTLAND ENGLAND England, Ireland, and Scotland ATLANTIC OCEAN NORTH SEA FRANCE WALES London H AFRICA ASIA EUROPE Table of Contents A Historic Meeting.
英国、爱尔兰和苏格兰大西洋北部海洋 法国 伦敦 非洲 欧洲 历史会议目录
4 The Making of a King.
4 造出一个国王。
5 Two Officials Clash.
5 二官相克.
7 A Royal Family.
7个皇家家庭。
8 The Colonies.
8殖民地.
9 America Fights Back.
9美国反击.
10 Illness and Revolution.
10 疾病与革命.
11 A New King George.
11 新国王乔治。
13 A Complex Portrait.
13 A 复杂相貌。
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 A Historic Meeting John Adams, one of America’s Founding Fathers, traveled to England in 1785 to meet with King George III.
16 A Historical meeting John Adams,美国开国元勋之一,于1785年前往英国与国王乔治三世相会.
Adams stood before the king, who looked at Adams skeptically.
亚当斯站在国王面前,国王怀疑地看着亚当斯.
The United States had declared its independence from Great Britain just nine years earlier, and relations between the two nations were rocky.
美国刚刚从大不列颠宣布独立九年,两国关系摇摇欲坠.
Adams humbly offered the United States’ hand in friendship.
亚当斯谦卑地向美国伸出友谊之手。
He spoke of honor and affection between the two nations and expressed good wishes for the king’s health and happiness.
他谈到两国之间的荣誉和感情,并表达了对国王健康和幸福的良好祝愿.
The king smiled, replying that he accepted Adams’s offer, and the brief meeting ended.
国王微笑地回答说,他接受了亚当斯的提议,短暂的会面就结束了.
Great Britain, the country King George III ruled and loved, had suffered due to the loss of the American colonies.
大不列颠,乔治三世国王统治和热爱的国家,由于美国殖民地的丧失而饱受苦难.
He was determined, and vowed to lead his nation to greatness again.
他下定决心,发誓要再次带领他的国家走向伟大.
John Adams (left), from the United States, extends an offering to George III (right) of England in 1785.
来自美国的约翰·亚当斯(英语:John Adams (left))于1785年向英国的乔治三世(英语:George III (right))提供献礼.
Portraits show young Prince George (left) and Lord Bute (right).
肖像展出年轻的乔治王子(左)和布特勋爵(右).
Lord Bute taught the king about the government and the world.
出自"通鉴·后汉纪" "通鉴·后汉纪" "资治通鉴·后汉纪"
The Making of a King Princess Augusta of Wales gave birth to George on June 4, 1738.
1738年6月4日威尔士国王奥古斯塔公主出世.
His royal family included his grandfather, King George II, and his father, Frederick, Prince of Wales.
他的王室包括他的祖父乔治二世国王和他的父亲威尔士亲王弗雷德里克.
The king and Frederick did not get along.
国王和弗雷德里克没有和睦相处.
Their political opinions differed, which created family tension.
他们的政治观点不同,这造成了家庭紧张。
Young George grew up in that stressful environment.
年轻的乔治在紧张的环境中长大.
A sensitive and emotional boy, George struggled with his education, even though his parents provided excellent teachers.
乔治是一个敏感而有感情的男孩,尽管他的父母提供了出色的教师,但他的教育却在挣扎.
It wasn’t until the age of eleven that he learned to read.
直到11岁,
One year later, his father died of a lung ailment, leaving George the heir to the British throne.
一年后,他的父亲死于肺病,使乔治成为了英国王位的继承人.
The future king turned to his teacher, Lord Bute, for support.
后世相王转而相师出家出家出家出家出家作供养.
He would soon need it.
他很快就会需要它。
British in 1763 British before 1763 ATLANTIC OCEAN GULF OF MEXICO GREAT LAKES This map shows Great Britain’s territory in North America before the French and Indian War (purple) and the areas they gained after the war (red).
1763年英国人 1763年前的亚特兰提克 OCEAN GULF of MEXICO Great Lakes 这张地图显示出大不列颠在法印战争(普尔普尔)前在北美的领土以及战后获得的地区(红色).
North American British Territories in 1763 In the mid-1700s, Great Britain was a powerful ruler in different places around the world.
1763年北美英属领地. 在1700年代中期,大不列颠是全世界不同地方的强大统治者.
Its colonies in India and North America provided markets where British merchants sold goods.
其在印度和北美的殖民地为英国商人出售商品提供市场.
The British monarchy led the way for the nation.
英国君主制为国家取道.
However, the British Parliament often clashed with the king.
然而,英国议会经常与国王发生冲突.
In 1760, George II died, and at the age of just twenty-two, George became King George III.
1760年,乔治二世去世,才二十二岁,乔治就成为了乔治三世国王.
At that time, Great Britain was in the middle of fighting for control of land in the Seven Years’ War against France and other countries in Europe.
当时,大不列颠正在争夺七年来的土地控制权。 对法国和欧洲其他国家的战争.
Battles also took place in North America, where the war was called the French and Indian War.
北美也发生了战事,这场战争被称为"法印战争".
When Great Britain won the war, it gained many French territories and grew larger than ever before.
当大不列颠赢得战争后,它获得了许多法国领土,并且变得越来越大.
Two Officials Clash The victories in the Seven Years’ War thrilled King George III, but the British public did not give him much credit.
两名官员相撞 七年来取得的胜利 战争激动了乔治三世国王,但英国公众并没有给予他太多的称赞.
Instead, William Pitt, war minister to King George, earned the praise.
相反地,乔治国王的战争大臣威廉·皮特赢得了称赞.
William Pitt was an enemy of Lord Bute, the king’s mentor.
威廉·皮特是国王导师布特勋爵的敌人.
Pitt and Bute argued at the end of the war.
皮特和布特在战争后期争论.
Pitt wanted to expand the war into Spain, but Bute and the king did not.
皮特想将战争扩张入西班牙,但布特和国王没有.
The conflict became so heated that Pitt resigned his post in the king’s ministry.
冲突激起,皮特辞去国王部的职务。
The king appointed Bute prime minister, the leading position in the king’s ministry.
国王任命布特为首相,在国王的部内担任要职.
Bute formally ended the Seven Years’ War with a treaty signed in 1763.
不过, 与1763年签订的条约出战.
He resigned shortly after that.
此后不久辞职.
William Pitt was the driving force behind Britain’s victory.
威廉·皮特是英国获胜的动力.
Even so, Lord Bute opposed him and urged George III to do the same.
即便如此,布特勋爵还是反对他,并敦促乔治三世也这样做.
A Simple Man King George selected Sophia Charlotte as his wife without having met her.
一个简单的人 国王 乔治在没有见过她的情况下选择了索菲亚·夏洛特为他的妻子.
She arrived in England, met the king, and married him the next day.
她到达了英国,遇见了国王,第二天就嫁给了国王.
A Royal Family George III may have lost his closest political advisor, but he had gained a partner for life.
一个皇家家族乔治三世可能已经失去了他最亲近的政治顾问,但他已经获得了终身的伴侣.
In 1761, the king married a German princess named Sophia Charlotte.
1761年,国王与一位名叫索菲娅·夏洛特的德意志公主结婚.
Their long, successful marriage lasted more than fifty years, and they had fifteen children together.
他们漫长而成功的婚姻持续了50多年之久,两人共育有15个子女.
Happy at home, George was determined to be a great leader.
在家快乐,乔治决心成为伟大的领袖.
He worked hard to learn more about the British Parliament and how it could be improved.
他努力学习更多关于英国议会以及如何加以改进的知识.
The king remained keenly aware of global affairs as well.
国王也十分了解全球事务。
Despite his royal rank, King George enjoyed the simpler things in life.
尽管他的王室级别,乔治国王在生活中享受了更简单的事物.
He loved agriculture and spent many days inspecting his kingdom’s farms.
他热爱农业,
His favorite activities included horseback riding, music, attending the theater, and playing cards.
他最喜欢的活动包括骑马,音乐,出席剧院,打牌等.
The Boston Tea Party rallied the colonists who felt oppressed by British taxes.
波士顿茶党召集了那些感到被英国税收所压迫的殖民者.
The Colonies The greatest challenge King George III faced was the American Revolution.
殖民地 乔治三世国王面临的最大挑战就是美国革命.
The war began with a series of parliamentary acts that outraged the American colonists.
战争开始于一系列激起美国殖民者的议会行为.
Great Britain levied taxes on goods the colonists used: the Sugar Act taxed molasses; the Stamp Act taxed all printed paper; and the Townshend Acts taxed paint, glass, and tea.
大不列颠对殖民者所用的货物征税:《糖法》对糖浆征税;《邮票法》对所有印刷纸征税;《汤生法》对油漆、玻璃和茶叶征税。
The colonists opposed the taxes and issued boycotts of British goods.
殖民者反对这些税收,并对英国货物发出抵制.
Then, on the night of December 16, 1773, a group of colonists dressed as Native Americans boarded a British ship docked in Boston Harbor.
后于1773年12月16日晚,一群身穿美洲原住民服装的殖民者登上一艘停泊于波士顿港的英国船只.
The ship carried crates of tea, and the colonists dumped the crates into the water.
船载了一箱茶,殖民者将这箱茶倒入了水中.
King George responded to the Boston Tea Party with a challenge: “The colonies must either triumph or submit.”
乔治国王对波士顿茶党提出挑战:“殖民地必须胜利或屈服。 “
America Fights Back The American Revolution began in 1775, when soldiers fired shots at the Battles of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts.
美国反击 美国革命从1775年开始,士兵向马萨诸塞州的列克星敦和康科德战役开火.
King George realized he needed more troops to lead Great Britain to victory, so he hired the services of about thirty thousand German soldiers, called Hessians.
乔治国王意识到他需要更多的军队来带领大不列颠取得胜利,于是他雇佣了大约三万德军士兵的服务,称为"黑森".
Teamed with the Hessians, the king’s army defeated the colonists in some early battles.
与黑森人合作,国王的军队在一些早期战役中击败了殖民者.
However, when General George Washington led a surprise attack in late 1776, the British were pushed back.
然而,当乔治·华盛顿将军于1776年末领导了一次出其不意的进攻后,英军被推后.
In 1778, a decisive event occurred: the French joined the American side.
1778年,发生了决定性事件:法国人加入了美国一方.
Supported by their allies, the Americans won the war in 1781.
在盟友的支持下,美国人于1781年赢得了战争.
King George, sensing he might be blamed for the defeat, claimed, “I am innocent of the evils that have occurred.”
George国王认为他可能因失败而被责备,他声称:“我对所发生的罪恶是无辜的。 “
Upon declaring independence from Britain in 1776, some colonists tore down a statue of King George in New York City.
1776年从英国宣布独立后,一些殖民者将纽约市乔治国王的一尊雕像撕下.
Illness and Revolution In the late 1780s, after the loss of the colonies, people around King George III began to notice his failing health.
疾病和革命 1780年代后期,在失去殖民地后,国王乔治三世周围的人们开始注意到他身体衰竭.
He seemed nervous.
他看起来很紧张
He said strange things and talked to imaginary people.
他说出奇怪的话 和想象的人交谈
He could be violent, too, shouting and pushing people.
他也可能很暴力,大叫和推人。
These were just the emotional symptoms—he weakened physically as well.
这些只是情感症状,他身体也变弱了。
Deeply alarmed, the king’s family and ministers asked doctors to help.
国王的家人和部长们深感震惊,要求医生提供帮助。
They conducted treatments common during that era.
他们在那个时代进行了常见的治疗.
They had the king drink medicine, and they opened his veins and bled him.
他们让国王喝药,并打开他的血管出血.
They also began a course of strict discipline, punishing the king harshly if he acted strangely.
他们还开始了严格纪律的路线,如果国王行为奇怪,就严厉地惩罚他.
This treatment appeared to help, and soon the king began working again.
这种治疗似乎有所帮助,很快国王又开始工作了.
At times, King George III’s illness resulted in violent outbursts, and he was restrained.
乔治三世国王的病情有时导致暴发性暴发,他受到约束.
The political cartoon “The Rival Gardeners” expresses how both George III and Napoleon had their own gardens (lands) to attend to.
政治漫画“Rival园丁”表达了乔治三世和拿破仑如何拥有自己的花园(地)。
A revolution in Ireland also commanded the king’s attention around that time.
爱尔兰的一场革命也令国王在那个时候引起注意.
The conflict centered on religion.
冲突以宗教为中心。
Ireland was a Catholic nation, and Great Britain’s Parliament had passed laws limiting the rights of Catholics living there.
爱尔兰是一个天主教国家,大不列颠议会已经通过了限制生活在那里的天主教徒权利的法律。
After the British army stifled a rebellion, Great Britain’s Parliament merged with Ireland’s in 1800, creating the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
英国军队扼杀叛乱后,大不列颠议会于1800年与爱尔兰合并,创立了大不列颠和爱尔兰联合王国.
The king’s challenges were not over, though, and the early 1800s saw Great Britain at war with France once again.
但国王的挑战还没有结束,1800年代初期,英国再次与法国开战.
After the French Revolution of 1789, a young general named Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power in France.
1789年法国大革命后,一位名叫拿破仑·波拿巴的年轻将领在法国上台.
Napoleon wanted to conquer lands in Europe, including Great Britain.
拿破仑想征服欧洲的土地,包括大不列颠.
England had to defend itself.
英格兰不得不自卫.
The Napoleonic Wars ended in 1815 with Great Britain and its allies again defeating Britain’s old rival.
拿破仑战争于1815年以大不列颠及其盟友再次击败了英国的旧对手而告终.
George IV served as king from 1820 to 1830.
乔治四世从1820年到1830年出任国王.
A New King George In 1809, Great Britain celebrated George III’s fiftieth year on the throne.
1809年出任新国王乔治,大不列颠庆祝乔治三世登基50年.
Despite his reign’s rough beginnings, the king had reached new heights of popularity, and most subjects believed that George III had led his country well for half a century.
尽管他统治的起步很粗糙,国王还是达到了受欢迎的新高度,大多数臣民认为乔治三世在半个世纪里领导了自己的国家.
Thousands of his subjects cheered him.
成千上万的臣民为他欢呼.
The following year, the king suffered a terrible tragedy.
次年,国王遭遇了可怕的悲剧.
His youngest daughter died suddenly of tuberculosis at the age of twenty-seven.
他最小的女儿于27岁时突然死于肺结核.
The king was shocked and heartbroken.
王大惊而心碎.
Soon the symptoms of his earlier illness returned.
不久,他早年发病的症状又复发.
He went into a steep physical and mental decline.
他进入了严重的身心衰退.
In 1811, it became clear that the king could no longer perform his duties.
1811年,国王显然不能再履行职责了.
The British Parliament named his eldest son, George, as regent, or temporary ruler.
英国议会提名他的长子乔治为摄政,或称临时统治者.
When George III finally passed away in January 1820, young George ascended to the throne just as his father had done decades earlier.
当乔治三世于1820年1月终于去世后,年轻的乔治就如同他的父亲几十年前所做的那样登上王位.
King George reigned for sixty years—longer than any monarch before him.
乔治国王统治了60年,比在他之前的任何君主都长.
A Complex Portrait King George’s legacy offers a picture of a complicated yet strong leader.
乔治国王留下的复杂相貌描绘出一位复杂而坚强的领导人。
Some people think of George III as the king who let the American colonies win their independence.
有些人认为乔治三世是让美国殖民地赢得独立的国王.
Others think of him as the ruler who went insane.
其他人则认为他是疯狂的统治者.
Many historians, however, have begun to rethink their opinions of him.
然而,许多历史学家开始重新思考他们对他的看法.
Some historians believe symptoms of his mental illness are linked to physical disease.
一些历史学家认为他的精神疾病的症状与身体疾病有关.
As a leader, George III always put his country first.
作为一个领导者,乔治三世总是把国家放在首位.
He rallied and led his nation to victories in the Seven Years’ War and the Napoleonic Wars.
他在七年战争和拿破仑战争中召集并领导他的国家取得胜利。
He also fought hard to keep the British colonies in America.
他还为保持英国在美国的殖民地而艰苦奋斗.
The king’s personal life has also been given more consideration, and history has shown that George was a hard worker, a loyal husband, and a loving father.
国王的个人生活也得到了更多的考虑,历史表明乔治是一位勤奋的工人,忠心的丈夫和慈爱的父亲.
War begins 1809: The king celebrates fifty years on the throne 1815: The British defeat Napoleon 1820: Thousands attend George III’s funeral 1751: Frederick, Prince of Wales and George’s father, dies 1760: King George II, George’s grandfather, dies, and George becomes king 1763: Seven Years’ War ends 1775: First shots of the American Revolution 1798: Britain stops the Irish Rebellion 1781: The British surrender to the American colonists at Yorktown The Life of George III 1788: George III shows signs of a serious mental illness; resumes duties a year later, appearing to be cured Glossary allies (n.)
战争从1809年开始:国王在1815年的王位上庆祝了50年: 英国人击败拿破仑1820: 上千人参加了乔治三世的葬礼 1751年:威尔士王子和乔治的父亲弗雷德里克去世 1760年: 乔治的祖父乔治二世国王去世,乔治成为国王 1763年:七年 战争结束 1775年:美国革命第一枪 1798年:英国阻止了爱尔兰叛乱 1781年:英国向约克敦的美国殖民者投降 1788年:乔治三世生平: George III显示有严重精神疾病的迹象;一年后恢复职务,看起来是被治愈的词汇同盟(n.
people or groups that join with others for a common cause (p.
为共同事业而与他人会合的个人或团体(p.
10) boycotts (n.)
10)抵制 (n.
refusals to buy or take part in something in order to make points or force change (p.
拒绝购买或参与某事,以作出分数或强制改变(p.
9) decline (n.)
9) 下降(不详)
a steady drop in amount, quality, value, or strength (p.
数量、质量、价值或强度的平稳下降(p.
13) legacy (n.)
13) 遗产 (n.
something handed down from the past to the present (p.
从过去到现在(p.
14) levied (v.)
14) 征收(五.
collected something, such as a tax, by government authority (p.
政府机关征收的税收等物品(p.
9) mentor (n.)
9)导师 (n.
Parliament (n.)
议会(n.)
the lawmaking body of the government of the United Kingdom (p.
英国政府的立法机构(p.
6) symptoms (n.)
6)症状 (n.
specific signs of illness or injury (p.
病或伤的具体征兆(p.
tuberculosis (n.)
肺结核(n.)