Control
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A New Record.
目录 A 新记录。
4 The Birth of Radio Control.
4 《无线电控制诞生》。
5 Basics of RC.
5 驻地协调员基本情况。
7 Four-Wheeled Fun.
7 四惠乐.
8 RC Racing.
8 RC赛跑.
10 RC Flying.
10 RC飞行。
11 The Future of RC Technology.
11 RC技术的未来。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 A New Record Niels Herbrich goes through his preflight checklist before flying his red jet airplane with the swept-back wings.
16 新唱片"尼尔斯·赫布里希"在用"扫地回翼"驾驶其红色喷气式飞机前,通过他的飞行前核对表.
This is no ordinary jet, however.
不过,这不是普通飞机。
It’s small enough to fit inside the trunk of a car and is nearly as speedy as an airliner.
车厢里装满小汽车,
As for Herbrich, he’s no ordinary pilot.
Herbrich不是普通飞行员。
He flies the plane without ever leaving the ground.
他从未离开过地面就驾驶飞机
The plane’s engine hums to life.
飞机的引擎响起生命。
Moments later, in an ear-splitting whine and a burst of flame, the jet skids across the grass and races into the sky.
稍后,在一股相声和一阵火焰中,喷气机滑过草地并跑入天空.
Whoosh!
呜呼!
The pilot uses a handheld radio remote control to maneuver the jet as it rolls and turns.
驾驶员使用手持式无线电遥控器来操纵飞机的起跑和起跑.
Eventually, the radio-controlled (RC) jet hits a peak speed of 440 miles per hour (708 kph).
最终,由无线电控制的(RC)喷气式飞机命中了时速440英里(708 kph)的最高速度.
Herbrich has just set a new world speed record.
赫布里希刚刚创下了新的世界速度纪录.
Children and adults have been playing with RC planes, boats, cars, trucks, and helicopters for decades.
几十年来,儿童和成年人一直在玩RC飞机、船只、汽车、卡车和直升机。
Most RC machines aren’t nearly as fast as Herbrich’s jet plane, but they are every bit as fun.
大部分RC机型都不如Herbrich的喷气式飞机快,
Many people enjoy putting all the parts of a kit car together.
很多人都喜欢把装箱车的零件放在一起.
Some radio-controlled aircraft, like the one shown here, use jet engines.
一些无线电控制飞机,如这里显示的飞机,使用喷气发动机.
The Birth of Radio Control We can thank Nikola Tesla for inventing the first radio-controlled machine.
无线电管制的诞生 我们可以感谢尼古拉·特斯拉发明了第一台无线电控制机.
Born during a lightning storm in 1856, Tesla became an inventor whose experiments in electricity would inspire radios, radar, and robots.
特斯拉生于1856年的一阵雷电风暴中,他成为一名发明家,他在电力方面的实验会启发收音机,雷达,和机器人.
As a young man, Tesla had the idea to use radio waves—invisible airborne ripples of electromagnetic radiation—to control a boat.
作为一名年轻人,特斯拉有想法利用无线电波——看不见的空中电磁辐射波——来控制一艘船。
Tesla’s experiments eventually led the scientist to New York City’s Madison Square Garden in 1898.
特斯拉的实验最终导致科学家于1898年来到纽约市麦迪逊广场花园.
It was there that Tesla first demonstrated a radio- controlled boat that shocked and delighted curious onlookers years before most people had ever heard of radio technology.
正是在那里,特斯拉首先展示了一艘无线电控制船,在大多数人从未听说过无线电技术之前的多年里,它震撼了观众并令他们好奇。
Using a homemade transmitter, Tesla sent a series of radio signals to the craft as it floated in a large tank of water built for the demonstration.
特斯拉使用自制发报机,向飞行器发送了一系列无线电信号,当它漂浮在为演示而建造的大水箱中.
The small boat moved gracefully around the tank in response to Tesla’s silent commands.
小船在坦克周围优雅地移动,以响应特斯拉的沉默命令.
It even answered math questions from members of the audience by blinking its lights.
它甚至通过闪烁其灯来回答观众的数学问题.
The crowd was stunned.
众被惊.
Some accused Tesla of using his mind to control the boat.
有人指责特斯拉利用他的头脑来控制船只.
Others said it must be magic or that perhaps a trained monkey was hidden inside.
其他人说,这一定是魔法,或者说也许一个训练有素的猴子藏在里面。
The demonstration was front-page news.
示威是头版新闻.
Tesla did not invent the boat as a toy.
特斯拉没有发明这艘船作为玩具.
He hoped the U.
他希望美国。
S.
师曰.
Navy would buy his radio-controlled device to guide torpedoes through the water, but that never happened.
海军会购买他的无线电控制装置来引导鱼雷穿过水面,但这从未发生.
However, the technology did see some use during World War I (1914–1918) and World War II (1939–1945).
然而,该技术确实在一战(1914–1918)和二战(1939–1945)期间有所应用.
In those days, most radio-control technology was best suited for large machines.
在那个年代,大多数的无线电控制技术最适合大型机器.
The equipment and batteries needed to power electric motors were huge.
电动机所需的设备和电池是巨大的。
That all changed in 1947 with the invention of the transistor.
这在1947年随着晶体管的发明而改变。
Transistors were tiny, yet they made electric currents more powerful.
晶体管很小,但电流变强
Engineers used transistors to shrink the size of electric motors.
工程师使用晶体管来收缩电动机的尺寸.
Some even began putting transistors into radio- controlled toys.
有些人甚至开始将晶体管放入无线电控制的玩具.
A new hobby was born.
一个新的爱好诞生了。
Tesla’s demonstration of the world’s first radio-controlled boat caused a stir in 1898.
特斯拉演示出世界上第一艘无线电控制船,于1898年引起轰动.
Basics of RC People have created hundreds of different types of radio-controlled vehicles, from robots to boats.
RC人民的基本知识创造了从机器人到船只的上百种不同类型的无线电控制车辆.
While the mechanics of how they work differ, all use the same basic technology.
虽然它们的工作原理不同,但都使用相同的基本技术.
A transmitter, or remote control, sends radio signals over a specific frequency.
发射机,或称遥控,通过特定频率发送无线电信号.
A receiver inside the vehicle is constantly looking for signals from the transmitter.
车内的接收器不断从发射机中寻找信号.
The receiver decodes the signals, sending electric currents to the motors, which move and guide the vehicle.
接收器会解码信号,发送电流给马达,由马达移动并引导车辆.
The transmitter and receiver are both powered by batteries.
发射机和接收机均由电池供电.
Four-Wheeled Fun Toy makers first began to sell RC cars in the mid-1960s.
四发趣 玩具制造商最早于1960年代中期开始销售RC汽车.
Today’s cars are smaller and more powerful.
今天的汽车规模更小,实力更强.
They are powered by gasoline, electricity, or something called glow fuel—a high-performance fuel mixture nicknamed Nitro.
他们的动力来自汽油、电力或所谓的发光燃料,
Many toy stores sell basic RC cars that are inexpensive and easy to maintain, but serious RC drivers buy “hobby-grade” cars that can cost hundreds of dollars.
许多玩具店出售廉价和易于维护的基本RC汽车,但认真的RC司机购买了可花费数百美元的"豪华级"汽车.
Many people build hobby- grade RC cars from kits that come with all the parts boxed together.
许多人从装有所有零件的包里 造出爱好的RC级汽车
Drivers can replace parts, paint the body, and buy accessories.
司机可以更换零件,给身体涂漆并购买配件.
Many drivers also modify kit cars with bigger engines or motors.
许多司机还用更大的发动机或马达来修改套车.
Others prefer ready-to-run (RTR) cars that come already assembled.
其他人更喜欢已经组装好的即时运行(RTR)汽车.
What Is Radio?
什么是电台?
Radio is a type of electromagnetic energy—the same energy that we see as visible light.
无线电是电磁能的一种—— 和我们看到的可见光一样。
Radio energy travels in invisible waves through the air and can go through most walls.
无线电能通过空气在无形的波浪中行走,并可以穿过大部分的墙.
Electromagnetic energy comes in many forms, depending on the size of the waves and their frequency (number of waves per second).
电磁能以多种形式出现,取决于波的大小及其频率(波数每秒).
Radio waves range from longer than a football field to about the size of a person and have a frequency of 1 million to 100 million waves per second.
无线电波从长于足球场到大约一个人的大小,频率从一百万到一亿个每秒.
Light, microwaves, and X-rays are also types of electromagnetic energy, but they have much shorter wavelengths and much higher frequencies than radio.
光能,微波能,和X射线也是电磁能的种类,但它们的波长要短得多,频率要高得多.
This 1/10th scale Ferrari P4 was one of the first RC model cars ever made.
这款1/10分级法拉利P4是有史以来最早制造的RC型车之一.
It was created by the Italian company El-Gi in 1969.
它由意大利的El-Gi公司于1969年所创立.
Whether built from kits or bought already assembled, RC cars come in several shapes and sizes.
无论是用成套工具建造的还是已经装配的,RC汽车有几种形状和大小.
For example, touring cars include such models as Ford Mustangs, Chevy Camaros, and Porsche 911s.
例如,巡回赛车包括福特野马,雪佛兰卡马罗斯等车型,以及保时捷911等.
Off-road vehicles are popular since they come with large tires and heavy-duty shock absorbers.
越野车因配有大型轮胎和重型冲击吸收器而受欢迎.
They can go just about anywhere, including uncut lawns, vacant lots, and dirt fields.
他们可以去任何地方,包括未割开的草地,空地,和泥地。
Some resemble classic monster trucks.
一些类似经典的怪物卡车。
Others look like sporty pickup trucks or buggies.
其他的看起来像运动的皮卡车或虫子.
RC Racing Some people love to race their RC cars.
驻地协调员赛跑 有些人喜欢比赛他们的RC车。
While some drivers compete with friends in vacant lots or in parks, others race in organized competitions on tracks that look like real speedways.
虽然有些车手在空地或公园里与朋友竞争,但另一些车手则在看起来像真快道的轨道上进行有组织的比赛.
Organized racing categories are broken down by the size of the vehicle, its class, whether it is kit-built, and whether it gets its power from an electric motor or a gasoline-powered engine.
有组织的赛车类别按车体大小,等级,无论是装箱所造,还是从电动机还是汽油动力发动机获得动力来细分.
The racing classes include touring cars, sports cars, and off-road vehicles (both two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive).
赛车课程包括巡回赛车,运动车,以及越野车(双轮驱动和四轮驱动).
Some competitions are straight-line races that are usually held at a drag strip or airfield.
部分比赛是正线赛事,通常在拖带或机场举行.
Drivers also race around closed-course oval tracks.
驾驶员还环绕闭路的椭圆轨道出赛.
Some of the coolest off-road events occur at RC truck- and tractor-pulling competitions.
一些最酷的越野赛事发生在RC卡车和拖拉机的比赛上.
RC trucks pull sleds that weigh from 35 to 100 pounds (16–45 kg).
RC货车牵出重从35至100磅(16至45公斤)的雪橇.
That’s like pulling an average-sized bulldog or a German shepherd!
这就像拉一只普通的斗牛犬或德国牧羊人!
Word Wise RC (or “R/C”) stands for either “remote-controlled” or “radio-controlled.”
Wise RC(或“R/C”)代表“远程控制”或“无线电控制”。 “
Remote-controlled vehicles include vehicles connected to a controller by a wire.
遥控车辆包括用电线连接控制器的车辆。
However, most modern remote-controlled vehicles communicate wirelessly over radio frequencies.
然而,大多数现代遥控车辆通过无线电频率进行无线通信.
Three Nitro-powered RC cars (top) race around a track.
三道由硝气驱动的RC车(顶部)围绕一道赛道赛跑.
Off-road buggies (bottom) catch big air on jumps during a national RC car competition in Kingsville Township, Ohio, on August 10, 2013.
2013年8月10日在俄亥俄州金斯维尔镇举行的全国RC赛车比赛中,越野虫(从下而上)在跳跃上接上大空气.
Computerized RC Some RC cars now use computer networking technology for communication.
计算机化驻地协调员 一些RC汽车现在使用计算机联网技术进行通信.
Drivers control vehicles using a wireless connection and a smartphone or tablet.
司机使用无线连接和智能手机或平板电脑控制车辆.
These control systems work because wireless computer networks also use radio waves to communicate.
这些控制系统之所以有效,是因为无线计算机网络也使用无线电波进行通信.
Some RC vehicles use their wireless connection to a computer to do more interesting things.
一些RC车辆使用他们的无线连接到计算机来做更有趣的事.
One, the Rover Revolution, looks like a robot on four wheels.
一是"漫游者革命",外观是四个轮子上的机器人.
It’s equipped with two cameras, a microphone, and a speaker.
它配备了两台相机、一台麦克风和一台扬声器。
The driver can see video, talk, and listen as the rover moves about.
驾驶员可以看到视频,交谈,并随着漫游者的移动而收听.
Whether piloting a plane, blimp, or helicopter, many hobbyists love taking to the sky in an RC aircraft.
许多爱好者喜欢搭乘RC飞机登上天空。
Most RC pilots learn the basics by flying training planes, or “trainers.”
大多数驻地协调员飞行员通过飞行训练飞机或“教练”学习基本知识。 “
Trainers are designed to be simple to make flying easy.
训练员的设计简单,便于飞行.
They are often made out of foam, which makes them lightweight and less likely to be seriously damaged in case of a crash.
它们往往由泡沫制成,这使得它们重量较轻,发生相撞事故时不太可能被严重损坏.
RC Flying Bob Motta of Danbury, Connecticut, remembers when the RC flying bug bit him.
康涅狄格州丹伯里市的RC Flying Bob Motta记得当RC飞虫咬他时.
It was in the 1960s, and Motta took to the air in his first RC plane—an F4 Corsair, a replica of a World War II Navy plane.
当时是20世纪60年代,莫塔乘坐他第一架RC飞机——一架F4 Corsair,是一款二战海军飞机的复制品.
These days, Motta, 66, mainly pilots World War I models.
现在,Motta,66岁,主要是飞行员 第一次世界大战模型.
He’s amazed by how advanced the planes have become.
他对飞机的先进程度感到惊讶。
“ After the miniaturization of the electronics, things really took off,” he says.
“...... 他表示,
RC planes perform stunts in the air during a competition in 2009.
RC飞机在2009年的一场比赛中在空中表演特技.
Once pilots master the trainer, they often graduate to sport planes, which can perform complicated aerobatic maneuvers.
一旦飞行员掌握了训练员,他们往往会毕业于体育飞机,这可以进行复杂的空中演习。
Sport planes often have a special wing design that makes flying them upside down easier.
体育飞机往往有特殊的机翼设计,使其倒挂更方便.
“I’ve had 747 pilots tell me that model airplanes are more of a challenge to fly than real planes,” Motta said.
Motta说:「我已经有747名飞行员告诉我,
“You have to stand on the ground and use all of your senses because what comes up must come down.”
“你必须站到地上,使用你的所有感官,因为出现的事情必须下来。 “
Many RC pilots love to fly replicas of airplanes that flew in World War I and World War II.
许多RC飞行员喜欢飞行一战和二战中飞行的飞机的复制品.
Known as “warbirds,” they come in kits or RTF models.
他们被称为 " 战鸟 " ,他们有包或RTF模型。
RC pilots can even build their own planes.
RC飞行员甚至可以建造自己的飞机.
Motta remembers spending hundreds of hours putting a plane together.
Motta记得用几百小时 搭起飞机
When one crashes, he picks up the pieces that are not damaged and keeps them as spares for other planes.
当一次坠机时,他取出没有被损坏的碎片并保存为其他飞机的备用.
Today, pilots can buy Almost-Ready-to-Fly (ARTF) planes.
如今,飞行员可以购买"快到"(ARTF)飞机.
“Instead of two hundred hours building a plane, you can do it in about twenty,” Motta says.
Motta说, “在两百小时建造飞机之前,
“In that time, you’ll have a plane that is respectable and good looking.”
“在那段时间里,你将会有一架可敬和好看的飞机。 “
While planes are challenging to fly, helicopters can be even more complicated to handle.
虽然飞机在飞行方面面临挑战,但直升机处理起来可能更加复杂.
Some types, such as mini helicopters, make learning to fly easier, especially indoors.
小型直升机等一些类型使得学习飞行更加容易,特别是室内飞行.
Although these RC copters are small, they can still teach pilots many of the skills necessary to fly bigger helicopters.
尽管这些RC相机很小,但仍能教飞行员驾驶更大型的直升机所需的许多技能.
Quadrocopters, also known as quadcopters, have four spinning blades and can fly in all directions.
四相机又名"四相机",有4个旋转叶片并可以向各个方向飞行.
Autogyros look like a cross between a plane and a helicopter.
自动陀螺看起来像飞机和直升机之间的十字架.
A propeller at the front or back moves the aircraft forward, which causes the unpowered blades on top to spin and keep the autogyro airborne.
前部或后部的螺旋桨能使飞机向前移动,这导致上部无动力的叶片可以旋转并保持自旋飞行机起落.
A boy flies his RC mini helicopter through an obstacle course as part of a competition in China in 2013.
作为2013年中国赛事的一部分,一名男孩驾驶他的RC迷你直升机通过障碍赛道.
Warbirds, such as this German Triplane from World War I, are popular among RC hobbyists.
战鸟,如从一战起的这架德国三相机,在RC爱好者中流行.
The Future of RC Technology RC technology isn’t all child’s play.
RC科技的未来并非都是儿童游戏。
Drones flown by pilots sitting miles away use the same basic technology and can do a variety of jobs.
坐在数英里外的飞行员驾驶的无人机使用同样的基本技术,可以做各种工作.
Within the next few years, remote-controlled drones could be flying in your neighborhood.
在接下来的几年里 遥控无人机可能会飞到你的附近
Farmers might soon be using camera-carrying drones to locate crop-eating insects.
农民可能很快会使用相机携带无人机来定位吃农作物的昆虫.
Hospitals might use drones to fly human organs from one place to another for transplant.
医院可能使用无人机将人体器官从一个地方飞到另一个地方进行移植.
Some companies plan to use drones to deliver packages.
一些公司计划使用无人机运送包裹.
TV crews used drones to cover the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia.
电视剧摄制组使用无人机报道了2014年俄罗斯索契冬季奥林匹克运动会.
The drones, operated by the Olympic Broadcasting Service, flew across the ski and snowboarding courses.
由奥林匹克广播局运营的无人机飞过滑雪和滑雪课程.
What seemed like magic one hundred years ago is quickly becoming an important part of our everyday lives.
一百多年前的魔法 正在迅速成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分
It’s still a blast to play with as well!
和他们一起玩,
Glossary aerobatic (adj.)
航空术语表(adj.)
of or relating to challenging or thrilling movements of an aircraft in flight (p.
或与飞行中飞机挑战性或惊恐性行动有关(p.
13) drones (n.)
13)无人机 (n.
unmanned aircraft or ships that are operated remotely (p.
无人驾驶飞机或远程操作的船舶(p.
15) electromagnetic energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation (n.)
15)电磁辐射形式的电磁能 (n.
waves (p.
波浪 (p.
5) maneuver (v.)
(5) 战术(五.
to move around; to guide the motion of something (p.
; 引导某物的运动(p.
4) mechanics (n.)
4) 力学 (n.
the details of how something operates (p.
具体操作方式(p.
7) miniaturization the act or process of designing or making (n.)
7) 将设计或制作的行为或过程小化(n.)
something in a smaller size (p.
体积较小(p.
11) receiver (n.)
11) 接收器(不详)
an electronic device that detects electromagnetic signals and converts them into sound, pictures, or another form (p.
一个能探测出电磁信号并把它们转换成声音,图片,或者另一种形态的电子设备(p.
7) remote control a handheld device that can be used to (n.)
7) 遥控可用于(n.)的手持设备.
control something from a distance, such as a TV or a toy (p.
从远处控制一些东西,例如电视或玩具(p.
4) replica (n.)
4) 复制品 (n.
a copy or reproduction of something (p.
复制或复制某件物品(p.
11) shock absorbers pieces of equipment connected to the (n.)
11) 与(n.)相接的冲击吸收器件
wheels of a vehicle that make traveling over uneven surfaces feel smoother (p.
使行走于不均匀表面的车辆轮子会感觉更平滑(p.
9) transistor (n.)
9) 晶体管 (n.
a small electronic device that controls the flow of electricity in electronic items (p.
一个控制电子物品中电流的小电子设备(p.
6) transmitter (n.)
6) 发射机(n.
a device that sends out electromagnetic signals, such as radio or television signals (p.
一个发出电磁信号的设备,例如无线电或电视信号(p.
6) A quadcopter delivery drone carries a package on a test flight.
6) 四相机交付无人机在试飞时携带了包裹.