Canada
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Where Is It?
内容表在哪里?
4 People.
4个人。
6 Land.
6地.
8 Animals.
8动物.
10 History.
10历史.
12 Celebrations.
12个庆祝活动。
13 Conclusion.
13 结论。
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 ATLANTIC OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN ARCTIC OCEAN CANADA GREENLAND (DENMARK) UNITED STATES Alaska (U.
16 南极洲加拿大绿地(丹麦) 美国阿拉斯加
S.)
S.) (中文(简体) ).
Hudson Bay St.
哈德逊湾圣地.
Lawrence River Great Lakes British Columbia New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Alberta Manitoba Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan Nunavut Northwest Territories Yukon Ottawa H Calgary Where Is It?
劳伦斯·大湖 不列颠哥伦比亚省 新不伦瑞克省 纽芬兰省和拉布拉多省 新斯科舍省 爱德华王子岛 魁北克 萨斯喀彻温 努纳武特 西北地区 育空 渥太华 H Calgary 在哪里?
Canada is the northernmost country in mainland North America and the second-largest country on Earth.
加拿大是北美大陆最北端的国家,也是地球上第二大的国家.
Large countries usually have many neighbors, but Canada has only one—the United States.
大国通常有许多邻国,但加拿大只有一个——美国。
The border between them is about 8,893 kilometers (5,525 mi.)
他们之间的边界大约为8,893公里(5,525 mi.
long, making it the longest border in the world between two countries.
它成为世界上 两国间最长的边界
Canada’s national motto is “From sea to sea” because the country stretches from the Pacific Ocean in the west all the way to the Atlantic Ocean in the east and the Arctic Ocean to the north.
加拿大的国家口号是"从出海到出海",因为该国从西部的太平洋一直延伸到东部的大西洋和北冰洋.
Ottawans skate on the 7.
渥太华人在7号公路上滑冰
8 kilometer (4.
8千米(4.
8 mi.)
8 m.) (中文(简体) ).
long Rideau Canal with the Peace Tower in the background.
长里多运河,背景为和平塔.
Canada’s 202,080-kilometer (125,566 mi.)
加拿大202 080公里(125 566米.
circle the globe five times.
环绕地球五次
Canada consists of ten provinces and three territories, each with its own democratically elected legislature.
加拿大由10个省和3个领土组成,每个省和领土都有自己的民选立法机构.
Canadians also elect representatives to send to their Parliament in Ottawa, the country’s capital.
加拿大人还选出代表,前往该国首都渥太华的议会。
There is a lot to see in Ottawa, and a good place to start is the observation deck of the 92-meter (302 ft.)
渥太华有很多东西可以看见,一个良好的起步地是92米(302英尺)的观测甲板.
Peace Tower.
和平之塔.
From there, visitors can see people boating on the Ottawa River or hiking in the city’s many parks.
游客可以看到人们在渥太华河上行船,
In the winter they can also see people ice skating to work on the world’s largest skating area, the Rideau Canal.
在冬天,他们还能看到人们滑冰,在世界上最大的花样滑冰区里多运河上工作。
The city also boasts 267 other outdoor rinks.
该市还自夸了其他267个户外冰球.
From the tower, they can view the stately Parliament buildings, museums, hotels, and theaters along with signs and advertisements in Arabic, Spanish, and Chinese.
从塔上,他们可以观看州议会建筑、博物馆、旅馆和剧院,以及阿拉伯文、西班牙文和中文的标志和广告。
People With one in every five people born in other countries, Canada is diverse.
每五个人中就有一人出生在其他国家,加拿大是多种多样的。
Most Canadians, however, do not think of themselves as a “melting pot,” in which different cultures blend together.
但是,大多数加拿大人并不认为自己是一个“熔炉”,不同文化在其中融合。
Instead, many think of Canada as a “mosaic,” in which immigrants retain their culture and strengthen the nation through diversity.
相反,许多人认为加拿大是一个“莫萨克人”,移民通过多样性保留其文化并增强国家。
Some of the first European settlers in the land we now call Canada were from France and England.
现在,我们称之为加拿大的土地上的一些第一批欧洲定居者来自法国和英格兰。
Before Canada became a country, these people settled separate colonies that were often at war with each other.
在加拿大成为一个国家之前,这些人分别定居了常常相互交战的殖民地.
They had different languages and religions, but eventually the groups learned to get along.
他们有不同的语言和宗教,但最终这些团体学会了相处.
Because of this, Canada has two official languages: French and English.
因此,加拿大有两种官方语言:法语和英语.
People gather for a public event in Ottawa.
人们聚集在渥太华举行公共活动.
Most Canadian Native peoples belong to three groups: First Nations, the Inuit, and the Métis (may-TEE).
多数加拿大人 土著人民属于三个群体:原住民、因努伊特人和梅蒂斯人。
First Nations people and Métis live throughout the country, and the Inuit continue to live in the far north.
原住民和梅蒂斯人生活在全国各地,因努伊特人继续生活在极北.
Life in Native communities has changed over the years, but many who live in them continue to maintain traditional culture.
土著社区的生活多年来发生了变化,但许多生活在土著社区的人继续维持传统文化。
For example, they teach about their history and learn to speak Native languages.
例如,他们教授自己的历史,学会讲土著语言。
Through the years, many immigrants came from Germany and other European countries, as well as China, India, the Americas, and the Middle East.
多年来,许多移民来自德国和其他欧洲国家,以及中国,印度,美洲和中东.
While richly diverse, this vast country is sparsely populated.
这个幅员辽阔的国家虽然种类繁多,但人口稀少.
Probably due to better farmland and access to waterways, most of its population—90 percent, by some estimates—lives within 160 kilometers (100 mi.)
可能是由于农田和水路的改善, 大部分人口—— 90%,
of the country’s southern border.
国家南部边界。
Many urban Canadians work in service industries such as tourism, transportation, or banking.
许多城市 加拿大人从事旅游业、运输业或银行业等服务业。
Away from the cities, some people work to extract Canada’s many resources such as oil, copper, and gold.
远离城市,有些人努力开采加拿大的许多资源,如石油、铜和黄金。
Others farm the land or cut timber from the vast forests that blanket the country.
其他人则耕种土地或从覆盖全国的广大森林中砍伐木材。
Resources and manufactured goods are sold as far away as China, but most are traded across the border with the United States.
资源和制成品的销售范围远至中国,但大部分是与美国的边境贸易.
ATLANTIC OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN ARCTIC OCEAN CANADA GREENLAND (DENMARK) UNITED STATES Alaska (U.
加拿大(丹麦) 美国阿拉斯加
S.)
S.) (中文(简体) ).
Hudson Bay St.
哈德逊湾圣地.
Lawrence River Great Lakes Ottawa H Rocky M ountains Baffin Island Regions of Canada Canadian Shield Interior Plains Arctic Region Great Lakes– St.
劳伦斯河 大湖地区 加拿大内陆盾牌区
Lawrence Lowlands Hudson Bay Lowlands Cordillera Appalachian Land Canada holds majestic mountains, vast plains, lakes, and endless forests.
劳伦斯·低地·哈德逊湾低地 加拿大 Cordillera Appalachian Land Canada 有茂密的山脉,广阔的平原,湖泊和无尽的森林.
Parts of the north have ice and snow all year.
北部部分地区全年有冰雪.
Geographers divide the country into seven landform regions.
地理学家将全国划分为7个地貌区.
In the east is the Appalachian region, with rolling forested hills dotted by farms.
东部为阿巴拉契亚地区,有滚滚的林地丘陵被农场点缀.
Waterways define another region, the Great Lakes–St.
水道是另一个区域,即圣大湖。
Lawrence lowlands.
劳伦斯低地。
It is the smallest region but an important one, known as “Canada’s heartland.”
这是一个最小但重要的地区,被称为 " 加拿大的心脏地带 " 。 “
About half of all Canadians live in large cities in this region.
大约一半的加拿大人生活在这一地区的大城市.
Niagara Falls In the Great Lakes–St.
大湖地区的尼亚加拉瀑布—圣.
Lawrence lowlands water plunges down 57 meters (188 ft.)
劳伦斯地势低地水位下降至57米(188英尺).
at Niagara Falls.
在尼亚加拉瀑布。
The part of the falls in Canada—Horseshoe Falls—is 670 meters (2,200 ft.)
加拿大的瀑布地段-Horesshoe Falls-为670米(2200英尺).
long.
长.
Tourists camp, hike, and canoe in parks in the Cordillera region.
科迪勒拉地区公园内的游客营,出行和独木舟.
The forested Canadian Shield is a huge region that wraps around Hudson Bay.
被森林覆盖的加拿大盾是一个巨大的区域,环绕哈德逊湾.
Long ago, glaciers scraped the area clean of soil and exposed the rocky surface.
很久以前,冰川刮去该地区净土并暴露出多岩石的地表.
When the glaciers melted, thousands of lakes formed.
冰川融化后,形成了上千个湖泊.
Within this wet region lies a cold, marshy area known as the Hudson Bay lowlands.
在这个湿润的区域内,有一个被称作哈德逊湾低地的寒冷沼泽地.
The interior plains are grasslands in the south and forests in the north.
内地平原为南部的草地和北部的森林.
Today the grasslands are used for raising livestock and growing grains.
今天的草地被用来饲养牲畜和种植谷物.
In the far west is the Cordillera region with great mountain chains.
在最西部是有大山链的科迪勒拉地区.
The highest are the Rocky Mountains, with snow-covered peaks reaching 3,954 meters (13,000 ft.)
最高峰是落基山脉,被雪覆盖的山峰高达3,954米(13,000英尺.
In between the mountains are fertile valleys where farmers grow fruit and other crops.
山地之间是肥沃的山谷,农民在那里种植水果和其他作物.
To the north of all these regions and their forests lies the Arctic tundra, where freezing temperatures prevent any trees from growing.
在所有这些区域及其森林以北的北极苔原上,寒冷的温度阻止了任何树木生长.
Animals In the Arctic, a land of ice and snow, animals tend to be white in color.
动物 在北极,一片冰雪之地,动物往往颜色为白色.
Their camouflage helps them survive.
他们的伪装帮助他们生存。
Polar bears have black skin, but their fur looks snow white.
极地熊有黑色的皮肤,但其皮毛看起来是雪白色.
Harp seal pups are hard to see because they, too, are white.
哈普海豹很难看,因为它们也是白色的.
The arctic fox has a white coat in winter but sheds it for a brown one when the snow melts.
北极狐冬季有白色外衣,但雪融后为棕色而脱去.
Beluga whales are white, as are birds such as the tundra swan.
贝卢加鲸为白色,苔原天鹅等鸟类也一样.
In the forests south of the Arctic, moose, beaver, black bears, and wolves all blend in with the colors of the forest floor.
在北极以南的森林中 有麋鹿、海狸、黑熊和狼 都与森林地表的颜色相融合
The small animals of the grassy plains, such as ground squirrels and pocket gophers, dig underground tunnels to live in and raise their young.
草地平原上的小动物,如地松鼠和口袋地鹅等,会挖地道来活活活养活幼年.
The best way to survive in the mountains is to be sure-footed.
山上生存的最好方式就是被确定脚.
In the Rocky Mountains, goats and bighorn sheep have hooves that are great for running, jumping, and rock climbing.
在落基山脉,山羊和大角羊有蹄子,对跑步,跳跃,和攀岩非常有帮助.
Canadian Wildlife Canadians share their huge homeland with countless species of birds, fish, animals, and plants.
加拿大野生生物加拿大人与无数鸟类,鱼类,动物,植物等物种共享其巨大的家园.
The country works to protect the land, air, and water for people as well as the wildlife that lives there.
该国努力为人民以及生活在那里的野生动物保护土地、空气和水。
All around Canada are animals that survive the cold winter and lack of food by migrating.
加拿大各地的动物都是通过迁徙来度过寒冷的冬季并缺乏食物.
Many birds migrate, but so do some fish, whales, turtles, grazing animals, and even dragonflies.
许多鸟类迁徙,但一些鱼类,鲸鱼,海龟,放牧动物,甚至蜻蜓也迁徙.
Huge herds of grazing caribou move hundreds of miles from one part of Canada to another.
大量的牧羊群从加拿大的一个地方移到另一个地方数百英里。
Other animals go farther south, leaving Canada for a warmer climate.
其他动物向南走得更远,离开加拿大进入更温暖的气候.
The champions for long-distance migration are the small but swift arctic terns.
长途迁徙的冠军是小而快的北极角.
They fly from their breeding grounds in the Arctic all the way to Antarctica, a forty-day journey of some 35,500 kilometers (22,060 mi.)
它们从北极的繁殖地飞到南极洲,40天的行程约35,500公里(22,060米.
Then, six months later, they fly all the way back again.
六个月后,他们又飞了回来
Rocky Mountain goat arctic tern History For many thousands of years, what is now Canada was home to self-governing First Nations people and the Inuit.
落基山山羊北极角历史 几千年来,现在的加拿大是自治原住民和因努伊特人的家园。
The first Europeans to arrive were the Icelandic Vikings who sailed from Greenland more than one thousand years ago.
最早到达的欧洲人是一千多年前从格陵兰起航的冰岛维京人.
Survival was difficult, and they eventually left.
生存很艰难,他们最终离开了。
In 1497, British explorer John Cabot arrived in what is today eastern Canada and claimed land for England.
1497年,英国探险家 约翰·卡博特到达了今天的加拿大东部,为英格兰要求土地.
Later, French explorers also claimed lands.
后来,法国探险家也主张土地.
More French and more English explorers came to claim land.
更多的法国人和更多的英国探险家前来要求土地.
As they explored, they found two resources that helped make money back in Europe: codfish and fur.
在他们探索时,他们发现了两种帮助在欧洲赚钱的资源:鳕鱼和毛皮.
This caused French and English traders to come, and colonies developed.
这使得法国和英国的贸易商纷纷来袭,殖民地得到发展.
During the 1400s to 1700s, France and England were often at war, and the conflicts spread to their colonies.
1400至1700年代,法国和英国经常出战,冲突蔓延到他们的殖民地.
With each peace treaty, Canadian lands were ceded to the winner, and eventually Great Britain won out.
凭借每一项和约,加拿大地被割让给胜利者,最终大不列颠取胜.
The colonies grew, but so did their desire for more independence.
殖民地不断壮大,但希望得到更多的独立的愿望也随之而来.
There were rebellions, but they failed until finally, in 1867, Britain allowed the colonies to become a dominion, with its democratic government’s capital in Ottawa.
曾有叛乱,但最终失败了,1867年英国允许殖民地成为统治地,其民主政府的首都是渥太华.
In 1931, Canada became fully independent when it became part of the British Commonwealth of Nations.
1931年,加拿大成为英联邦的一部分后完全独立.
Calgary Stampede Canada Day Quebec Winter Carnival Celebrations Canada Day, the nation’s birthday, is on July 1.
卡尔加里·斯坦普 加拿大 魁北克冬季嘉年华庆祝活动 加拿大 国庆节是7月1日
People celebrate with parades, barbecues, and fireworks.
人们以游行,烧烤,和烟花来庆祝.
The largest celebration is held in Ottawa.
最大的庆祝活动在渥太华举行。
The Calgary Stampede celebrates Canada’s old west with bull riding, barrel racing, steer wrestling, bronc riding—even chuck wagon racing.
卡尔加里史坦普庆祝 加拿大的老西部有骑牛、跑桶、摔跤、骑花等,
Called “The greatest outdoor show on Earth,” it attracts about a million visitors.
调用 它吸引了大约一百万游客。
Canadians have winter festivals, too, with dogsled races, skiing, and ice-skating.
加拿大人也有冬季节日,有被狗咬的跑道,滑雪和滑冰.
The Quebec Winter Carnival is the largest such festival in the world.
魁北克冬季嘉年华是世界上最大的这样的节日.
There you can enjoy the snow-sculpture contest, visit an ice castle, and even stay in a hotel made of ice and snow that is built every winter and melts away every summer.
在那里,你可以享受雪雕比赛,参观一个冰城堡,甚至住在一个由冰雪组成的酒店里,这个酒店是每年冬天建造,每年夏天融化而去.
Ice hockey originated in Canada and is the country’s national sport.
冰球起源于加拿大,是该国的国家体育.
Players battle in a game in Montreal (top).
玩家在蒙特利尔(上)的一款游戏中出战.
Canadian fans cheer their team (below).
加拿大球迷为球队加油 (下).
Conclusion Canada, one of the largest countries on Earth, includes regions of towering mountains, rolling plains, dense forests, frozen tundra, and endless rocky shores.
加拿大是地球上最大的国家之一,包括高耸的山脉、滚滚的平原、茂密的森林、冻冻的苔原和无尽的岩石海岸。
Each region has its own plants, animals, resources, and people.
每一个地区都有自己的植物,动物,资源和人.
The people who live there may speak French, English, or one of many other languages, but they are all Canadian and proud of their cultural mosaic.
住在那里的人们可以说法语,英语,或者说许多其他语言之一,但他们都是加拿大人并为自己的文化摩赛克人而自豪.
Population: 36,048,521 Land: 9,984,670 square kilometers (3,855,103 sq.
人口:36 048 521人 土地:9,984,670平方千米(3,855,103平方公克.
mi.)
(中文(简体) ).