LEVELED BOOK • WThe Red Baron
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A New Kind of War.
内容列表 A 新类型战争.
4 The Young Baron.
4"年轻男爵".
5 Becoming a World War I Flyer.
5成为第一次世界大战的飞行者.
7 Combat in the Clouds.
7"云中会战".
9 The End of the Red Baron.
9"红男爵之末".
13 Glossary.
13 词汇。
16 A New Kind of War When World War I began in 1914, the airplane had only been around for a little more than ten years.
16 世界大战时的新战争 我从1914年开始,飞机只停留了十多年
Thousands of men trained to fight in the skies during the war.
数千人训练在战争期间在天空出战.
They were pioneers in a new age of aerial combat.
他们是空战新时代的先锋.
Many of them died during the conflict.
其中许多人在冲突期间死亡。
A small number of airmen stood out from the rest.
少有出众空中人出自后.
Through a combination of luck, skill, and daring, these pilots became so successful in the air that they were respected and admired by people on both sides of the war.
通过运气,技巧,和大胆的结合,这些飞行员在空中变得非常成功,以至于受到了战争双方人民的尊重和钦佩.
The most famous of them all was Manfred von Richthofen, the Red Baron.
其中最出名的是红男爵曼弗雷德·冯·里希特霍芬.
World War I (1914–1918) was the first war in which airplanes were widely used.
第一次世界大战(1914–1918)是第一次广泛使用飞机的战争.
The Young Baron Manfred von Richthofen was born in 1892 into a noble family in Germany.
年轻的曼弗雷德·冯·里奇托芬男爵于1892年生于德国的一个贵族家庭.
He had an older sister and two younger brothers.
他有一个姐姐和两个弟弟.
Manfred’s family were minor nobles, so he was sometimes called a baron.
曼弗雷德的家庭是小贵族,所以他有时被称作男爵.
Young Manfred loved to hunt on his family’s land and became an expert shot.
年轻的曼弗雷德喜欢在自己家族的土地上打猎并成为了一名专家射手.
He also enjoyed horseback riding and was a skilled athlete.
他还喜欢骑马,是一名熟练的运动员.
Manfred’s father, Albrecht, had been an officer in the German cavalry.
曼弗雷德的父亲阿尔布雷希特曾出任德军骑兵军官.
He encouraged his sons to join the military.
他鼓励儿子参军.
At the age of eleven, Manfred was sent to a military school.
11岁时,曼弗雷德被送到了一所军校.
He was only an average student but had strong athletic abilities.
他只是普通学生,但运动能力很强。
After completing his schooling, he became a cavalry officer in 1911.
完成学业后于1911年出任骑兵军官.
With the start of World War I in August 1914, Lieutenant Richthofen was sent to the Eastern Front to fight the Russian Army.
随着一战于1914年8月开始,里奇托芬中尉被派往东线与俄军作战.
Soon afterward, he was transferred to the Western Front, where Germany faced the Allied forces, including Britain, France, and Canada.
不久后被调到了西线,德国在那里面对盟军,包括英国,法国和加拿大.
By early 1915, the war had become a stalemate.
到1915年初,战争已经陷入了僵局.
Soldiers lived in muddy trenches guarded by barbed wire and machine guns.
士兵们生活在由有刺铁丝网和机枪守卫的泥地沟中。
This style of trench warfare, which allowed for little forward movement, made cavalry units practically useless.
这种战壕战的作风,使得少有前行,使骑兵部队实际上毫无用处.
Richthofen’s unit was stripped of its horses, and he became a foot messenger.
里希特霍芬的部队被剥去马匹,他成了一名脚信使.
Belgian Army British Army French Army U.
比利时陆军 英国陆军 法国陆军 U.
S.
师曰.
Army Imperial German Army Battlefront 1916 KEY English Chann E l England BElgium l ux Em Bourg i mp Erial g E rman Y Ypres Lille Cambrai London St.
陆军 德意志帝国陆军 1916年战争前线 (原始内容存档于2017-10-21). Chann E l England BELGium l ux Em Bourg i mp Erial g E rman Ypres Lille Cambrai London St.
Manfred began preparing for a military career as a child.
曼弗雷德从小开始为军事生涯做准备.
Becoming a World War I Flyer As 1915 wore on, Richthofen grew tired of the filthy trenches.
第一次世界大战来临 随着1915年的穿戴,里希特霍芬逐渐厌倦了肮脏的战壕.
Being stuck there was not how he wanted to spend the war.
被困在那里不是他想如何度过战争。
Far above him, airplanes soared through the clean air and clouds.
飞机飞到他上面 飞出干净的空气和云
He wrote in his autobiography that he became “tremendously excited” whenever he saw an aviator.
他在自传中写道,每当他看到一名飞行员时,他就会变得"非常兴奋".
Joining the German Flying Service became his “greatest wish.”
加入德国飞行部队成了他“最大的愿望”。
In May 1915, Richthofen was accepted for pilot training.
1915年5月,里奇特霍芬被接受试训.
He asked to become a flying observer rather than a combat pilot because the training period was shorter.
他要求成为飞行观察员而不是战斗飞行员,因为训练期较短.
Richthofen spent several months flying as an observer, but he wanted more.
里希特霍芬作为观察员花了几个月的飞行时间,但他想要更多.
In October 1915, Richthofen went back to flight school to become a pilot.
1915年10月,里奇特霍芬回飞行学校出任飞行员.
The young baron must have known the dangers of being a fighter pilot.
年轻的男爵一定知道当战斗机飞行员的危险
The airplanes of the day were made mostly of fabric and wood and were fragile.
当时的飞机多由布料和木料制成并十分脆弱.
A plane had to be light in order to fly because the engines weren’t very powerful.
飞机必须轻而易举,
The pilots did not have parachutes.
飞行员没有降落伞。
Most new combat pilots didn’t survive past their first two weeks.
大部分新来的战斗机飞行员都未能活过头两周。
Like most new flyers, Richthofen probably thought he could beat the odds.
和大多数新的传单一样,里希特霍芬可能认为他能战胜几率.
Richthofen began his flying career in the back seat of a plane used for taking photographs, like the one shown here.
里希特霍芬在一架用于拍照的飞机后座上开始了他的飞行生涯,就像这里显示的一样.
German soldiers watch from a trench as a fighter plane passes overhead.
德军士兵从战壕中看着一架战斗机飞过
Richthofen was never a flashy pilot, but he was disciplined, following Boelcke’s rules to the letter.
里希特霍芬从来就不是一个闪闪发光的飞行员,但他受到纪律处分,遵守了波尔克对信件的规则.
On September 17, 1916, he scored his first confirmed shoot-down of an Allied plane.
1916年9月17日,他打入了经证实的首次击落盟军飞机.
By October 16, he had downed four more Allied aircraft.
至10月16日,他又击落了四架盟军飞机.
With five victories under his belt, Richthofen was now an ace.
在他的腰带下取得了5次胜利,里希特霍芬现在成为了王牌.
Near the end of October, Boelcke died when his plane crashed following a midair collision with one of his own men.
接近10月底时,波尔克在与自己一人的中空相撞后坠毁而死.
With Boelcke gone, Richthofen became the leading combat pilot in Germany, and his victories quickly added up.
随着波尔克的离去,里希特霍芬也成为了德国领先的战斗飞行员,他的胜利迅速收场.
In January 1917, his score of downed planes reached sixteen.
1917年1月,他的被击落飞机得分达到16分.
In honor of his achievements, Richthofen was awarded Germany’s highest military honor, a medal called the “Blue Max.”
为了纪念他的成就,里奇特霍芬被授予德国最高军事荣誉,一枚被称作"蓝色马克斯"的奖章.
He also received command of his own squadron and a promotion to captain.
他还获得了自己中队的指挥和晋升为上尉.
Word Wise An ace is a military pilot who has been given credit for shooting down five or more enemy planes.
语出智慧 王牌是一名军事飞行员,因击落了五架或多架敌机而获得荣誉.
Combat in the Clouds In late 1916, Richthofen got the opportunity he had been waiting for.
云中战斗 1916年末,里希特霍芬获得了他一直等待的机会.
A chance encounter with Oswald Boelcke (BULL-kuh), one of Germany’s leading flyers, opened new doors for Richthofen.
德国主要传单之一Oswald Boelcke(BULL-kuh)为Richthofen打开了新门。
At the time of their meeting, Boelcke was putting together a new fighter squadron of handpicked pilots.
在他们开会时,博埃尔克正在组建由手取飞行员组成的新的战斗机中队.
Boelcke invited Richthofen to join the group, and he jumped at the chance.
博尔克邀请 里奇特霍芬加入团体,他跳出机会.
Boelcke wanted to make sure that his men always had the upper hand in aerial combat.
Boelcke希望确保他的手下在空中战斗中总是占上风.
He made a list of eight rules for engaging the enemy.
他列出了与敌人交战的八条规则.
One rule instructed pilots to dive out of the sun at their adversaries so the enemy would not see them coming.
有一条规则指示飞行员向对手从太阳下潜,这样敌人就不会看到他们来.
Another rule told pilots to hold their fire until they were close to an enemy plane.
另一项规则要求飞行员保持射击,直到接近敌机.
“Blue Max” medal Oswald Boelcke (center) reviews pilots under his command in 1916.
" Blue Max"奖章 Oswald Boelcke (Center)于1916年审查由他指挥的飞行员.
Richthofen had his Albatros biplane painted a brilliant red to make it more visible in the sky.
里希特霍芬有他的"信天翁"双子飞机被涂上一幅辉煌的红色来使其更能被天空所看见.
His men followed his lead and painted their planes in a variety of bright colors as well.
他的手下也跟随他,并用各种明亮的颜色给飞机作画.
The Allies began calling Richthofen’s colorful group the “Flying Circus.”
盟军开始将里希特霍芬的多彩团体称为"飞行马戏团". “
It was a deadly circus.
是个致命的马戏团
Under Richthofen’s leadership, the fighter squadron racked up impressive victories.
在里希特霍芬的领导下,战斗机中队取得了令人印象深刻的胜利.
In April 1917, Richthofen’s forces shot down 89 planes of Britain’s Royal Flying Corps (RFC).
1917年4月,里奇特霍芬的部队击落了英国皇家飞行团(RFC)的89架飞机.
Richthofen alone claimed 22 victories.
仅Richthofen就获得了22起胜利。
The RFC lost 245 aircraft that month, which is remembered as Bloody April.
RFC当月损失了245架飞机,这被人们记得为"血腥四月".
As his reputation and command responsibilities grew, Richthofen inspired nicknames such as the “Red Battle Flyer” and the “Red Knight.”
随着他的名声和指挥责任的增长,里希特霍芬激发出"红色战斗飞行"和"红色骑士"等绰号. “
The “Red Baron” nickname became popular after the war.
" 红男爵 " 昵称在战后流行起来。
In July, Richthofen suffered a severe wound when a bullet grazed his skull during an aerial combat.
7月,里奇特霍芬在一次空中战斗中被一发子弹擦伤头骨而受了重伤.
During a one-month recovery, Richthofen returned to his home in Germany.
在为期一个月的复苏中,里奇特霍芬回到了自己在德国的家中.
He and his brother Lothar—who was also an ace and who would survive the war—went hunting in the family woods.
他和他的哥哥洛塔尔(也是王牌)在家中的树林打猎。
Richthofen had always been up for a hunt, whether on the ground or in the air.
里希特霍芬一直在打猎 无论是在地上还是在空中
Now, though, he began to lose his taste for battle.
现在,虽然,他开始失去战斗的口味.
Richthofen visits his father, Albrecht, in July 1917 after being wounded.
里奇特霍芬被打伤后于1917年7月探望了父亲阿尔布雷希特.
Richthofen (center) leads pilots from the Flying Circus on a patrol in 1917.
里希特霍芬(中)于1917年带领从飞天马戏团来的飞行员进行巡逻.
The End of the Red Baron Returning to the front in August, Richthofen traded his biplane and its two sets of wings for a new Fokker triplane.
8月"红男爵归来"(The End of the Red Baron Returning to the front),里希特霍芬用他的双翼和两翼换来一款新的福克出行跑道.
The slow but highly maneuverable fighter featured three sets of wings and quickly became the aircraft with which he is most often remembered.
缓慢而能高度机动的战斗机以三组机翼为特色,并很快地成为他最常被铭记的飞机.
Despite headaches from the incompletely healed wound and his growing distaste for the war, Richthofen continued to be a thorn in the side of the Allies.
尽管因伤口不完全痊愈而头痛并日益厌恶战争,但里奇特霍芬继续是同盟国一方的刺.
On April 20, 1918, he scored his eightieth victory.
1918年4月20日,他打入了自己的第八十个胜利.
It would be his last.
这将是他最后一次。
The next day, while engaged in combat above Allied lines, Richthofen was struck by a single bullet that pierced his heart.
次日,里希特霍芬在盟军战线上方进行战斗时被一发打穿心脏的子弹击中.
He managed to land safely and was pulled from his plane by Australian soldiers.
他设法安全降落,被澳大利亚士兵从飞机上拉出.
He died moments later.
他死的时候。
Allied pilots gave Richthofen a funeral with full military honors at a French cemetery.
盟军飞行员在法国一个公墓为里希特霍芬举行有完全军事荣誉的葬礼.
A wreath placed on his coffin read, “To our gallant and worthy foe.”
放在他棺材上的一个花圈写道:“敬我们勇敢而值得尊敬的敌人。 “
Richthofen’s body was transferred to Germany after the war.
里希特霍芬的尸体在战后被转移到了德国.
No one is certain who fired the bullet that struck Richthofen.
没人能确定是谁开的子弹击中了里奇特霍芬
Canadians thought it was one of their own pilots, Captain Arthur Brown.
加拿大人认为这是他们自己的飞行员之一,阿瑟·布朗船长.
However, many historians believe the fatal bullet came from an Australian gunner on the ground.
然而,许多历史学家认为致命的子弹来自地上一位澳大利亚枪手.
British soldiers stand at attention at Richthofen’s funeral on April 21, 1918.
英国士兵在1918年4月21日的Richthofen的葬礼上受到关注.
Richthofen scored his last nineteen victories flying the Fokker Triplane.
里希特霍芬在驾驶福克三相机上取得了他最后19次胜利.
With eighty confirmed victories, Richthofen was the greatest ace of World War I.
凭借八十项确认的胜利,里希特霍芬是一战中最伟大的王牌.
In later times, people would revere other commanding figures of the air war.
在后期,人们会敬仰其他指挥空战的人物.
The French remembered René Fonck, with seventy-five victories, and Canadians honored Billy Bishop, with seventy-two.
法国人回忆起雷内·丰克(René Fonck)以75次胜利,而加拿大人则以72次荣耀比利·毕晓普.
Americans had a special place in their hearts for Eddie Rickenbacker, who shot down twenty-six enemy planes in just the final eight months of the war.
美国人心中对埃迪·里肯贝克有特殊的地位,他在战争的最后八个月中击落了26架敌机.
Even so, in discussions of World War I fighter pilots, the first name that comes to most people’s minds is Manfred von Richthofen—the legendary Red Baron.
即便如此,在讨论一战战斗机飞行员时,大多数人想到的第一个名字是曼弗雷德·冯·里希特霍芬——传说中的"红男爵".
Glossary adversaries (n.)
词汇对手(n.)
enemies or opponents (p.
敌人或对手(p.
9) biplane (n.)
9) 双机 (n.
an early type of airplane with two pairs of wings (p.
有两对翅膀(p.
11) cavalry (n.)
11) 骑兵 (n.
a group of soldiers who fight while mounted on horses (p.
一群骑马战斗的士兵(p.
5) encounter (n.)
5)相遇 (n.
an unexpected meeting, a conflict, or an experience (p.
意外会议、冲突或经历(p.
9) maneuverable (adj.)
9) 可操作(adj.)
able to move or change direction quickly and easily (p.
能够快速而轻松地移动或改变方向(p.
13) noble (n.)
13)贵族 (n.
a person of the ruling class (p.
统治阶级人士(p.
5) officer (n.)
5) 军官 (n.
a person who holds a position of command or authority (p.
担任指挥或权力职务的人(第5页)。
5) squadron (n.)
5)中队 (n.
a military unit made up of more than one small group of soldiers, airplanes, or ships (p.
由一多群士兵、飞机或船只组成的军事单位(p.
9) stalemate (n.)
9) 僵局(n.
a draw or deadlock; a situation in a contest where neither side can gain an advantage or win (p.
平局或僵局；比赛中任何一方都无法取得优势或获胜的局面（见第
6) trenches (n.)
6) 壕沟 (n.
long ditches (p.
长沟 (p.
6) triplane (n.)
6) 三联线 (n.
an early type of airplane with three pairs of wings (p.
有三对翅膀(p.
13) World War I (n.)
13) 第一次世界大战 (n.
a war between the Allied Powers and the Central Powers (1914–1918) (p.
盟国和中央列强之间的战争(1914–1918)(p.
4) The Red Baron shoots down a Sopwith Camel the day before his own death.
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