Beauty and Beast
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 A Hot, Hostile World.
4 热而敌对的世界。
6 Fascinating Surface Features.
6 出众地表地物.
8 Visits to Venus.
8次访问维纳斯.
11 Conclusion.
11 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Index.
16 指数。
16 Introduction Venus is the brightest ”star” in our night sky.
16 维纳斯是我们夜空中最亮的"星".
People have admired this dazzling point of light for thousands of years.
几千年来,人们一直钦佩着这个令人眩目的光点.
In ancient times, the Chinese named it Tai-pe (tie-PAY), meaning “beautiful white one.”
在古代,中国人将其取名"太平"(tie-PAY),意为"美丽的白色". “
Today, we know this planet by the name the ancient Romans gave it— Venus, their goddess of love and beauty.
今天,我们以古罗马人赋予它的名字——维纳斯,他们的爱与美女神——来认识这个星球.
Venus is the only planet named after a female figure.
金星是唯一以女性人物命名的行星.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Venus is the easiest planet to find.
金星是最容易发现的星球.
Because Venus is so close to the Sun, it is always near the Sun in the sky.
因为金星与太阳相近,所以天上总是靠近太阳.
Look for Venus low in the western sky just after sunset, or low in the eastern sky just before sunrise.
在日出后寻找西部天空中的金星低地,或者在日出前的东部天空中寻找低地.
If you look at Venus with strong binoculars or a telescope, you can see it go through phases like the Moon.
如果你用强大的望远镜或望远镜来观察金星,你可以看到它像月球一样经过相位.
You might see a “crescent Venus,” a “half Venus,” or a “full Venus.”
你可能会看到一个"相干金星",一个"半个金星",或者一个"完整的金星". “
People long ago did not know that Venus is actually a planet with a hard, rocky surface like Earth.
人们早就不知道,金星其实是一个地表坚硬而多岩石的星球.
Venus has towering mountains, vast plains, enormous volcanoes, deep craters, and many other interesting features.
金星有高耸的山脉,广阔的平原,巨大的火山,深坑等许多有趣的地貌.
We know much more about Venus than people in ancient times did because scientists have studied Venus with telescopes and space probes.
我们比古代的人更了解金星 因为科学家用望远镜和太空探测器研究金星
Unlike people thousands of years ago, we know that Venus is an extremely hostile place—more than six times hotter than the hottest place on Earth.
与数千年前不同的是,我们知道金星是一个极端敌对的地方——比地球上最热的地方热六倍多。
Venus is a bizarre world that is part beauty and part beast!
金星是一个怪异的世界, 部分美丽和部分野兽!
A Hot, Hostile World Of the seven other planets of our solar system, Venus is the nearest one to Earth.
A级 热而敌对的世界 在我们太阳系的其他七颗行星中,金星是距离地球最近的一颗.
It is the second planet from the Sun, while Earth is the third.
它是来自太阳的第二颗行星,而地球则是第三颗.
Venus is also the planet that is closest in size to Earth.
金星也是最接近地球的行星.
Venus is one of three planets that have solid, rocky surfaces like Earth, the others being Mercury and Mars.
金星是地球等地有固体,多岩石地表的3个行星之一,其他为水星和火星.
All the other planets are gigantic balls of gas and liquid.
其他星球都是巨大的气体和液体球
Although Venus has some similarities to Earth, it is a very different kind of planet than our world.
虽然金星与地球有一些相似之处,但它是一个与我们的世界截然不同的行星.
The average temperature on Venus is 870°F (465°C)!
金星上的平均气温为870°F(465°C)!
The reason Venus is so scorching hot is because it is surrounded by a thick, soupy blanket of clouds that traps heat.
维纳斯如此焦热的原因 在于它被浓密而多汤的云毯所包围
This heat originally comes from the Sun, but the planet’s surface reflects some of the Sun’s heat upward.
这一热量最初来自太阳,但行星表面反映了太阳向上的某些热量.
The thick clouds trap this reflected heat, just as the glass or plastic of a greenhouse traps heat to warm plants.
这种厚厚的云层陷阱反射出热量,就像温室陷阱的玻璃或塑料将热量加热到温暖的植物一样.
This heating is called the greenhouse effect.
这种取暖称为温室效应.
Venus with clouds stripped away.
金星被云剥去。
Venus is the second planet from the Sun.
金星是太阳的第二颗行星.
The clouds of Venus are part of its atmosphere, the gases that make up the air surrounding Venus.
金星云是其大气的一部分,是构成金星周围空气的气体.
Venus’s atmosphere contains large amounts of a gas called carbon dioxide, which is very efficient at trapping heat.
金星的大气中含有一大批被称作"二氧化碳"的气体,这种气体在捕捉热量时非常有效.
Many of the clouds of Venus also contain droplets of a substance called sulfuric acid.
金星的许多云还含有一种叫"硫酸"的物质的水滴.
This oily compound is one of the strongest acids, and it can easily burn skin and dissolve metals.
这种油性化合物是最强的酸性物质之一,可以很容易地烧出皮肤并溶解金属.
“Raindrops” of sulfuric acid sometimes fall from the clouds of Venus.
硫酸的“雨滴”有时会从金星云中落下。
Layers of air can be very heavy, just as large amounts of water can be heavy.
层层的空气可以非常重,就像大量的水可以很重一样.
When something is heavy, it creates pressure.
当东西很重时,就会产生压力.
The atmosphere of Venus is so weighty that it produces tremendous pressure on the surface of the planet.
金星的大气层如此之重,对地球表面产生巨大的压力.
If you were able to stand on the surface of Venus, this pressure would soon crush you.
如果你能站在金星表面, 这种压力很快会压倒你。
Fascinating Surface Features Beneath its dense atmosphere, Venus has some of the most fascinating features discovered on any planet.
令人着迷的地表地物在它的密集大气层下,金星拥有在任何星球上发现的一些最迷人的地物.
There are massive mountain ranges on the surface of Venus.
金星地表上分布有巨大的山脉.
One of these is named Maxwell Montes—the only feature on Venus named after a man.
其中一幅被命名为"麦克斯韦·蒙特斯"(Maxwell Montes)——维纳斯上唯一以人命名的地物.
This mountain range, which is near Venus’s north pole, rises 7 miles (11.
这座位于金星北极附近的山脉起行了7英里(11.
3 km) at its highest point.
3公里),位于其最高点.
That is more than 1 mile (1.
超过一英里(1英里)。
6 km) higher than Mount Everest, the highest place on Earth.
比地上最高的珠穆朗玛峰高出6公里.
Venus also has thousands of huge volcanoes, some of which are more than 150 miles (240 km) wide.
金星还拥有上千座巨大的火山,其中一些火山有超过150英里(240公里)宽.
Many volcanoes are located on an elevated area of land along Venus’s equator named Aphrodite Terra.
许多火山位于金星赤道一带高地上,
Aphrodite (AF-roh-DIE-tee) was the name of the goddess of love and beauty in ancient Greece.
阿佛罗狄忒(AF-roh-DIE-tee)是古希腊爱与美女神的名字.
Most of the volcanoes on Venus erupted, shooting out hot lava, many millions of years ago.
金星上的大多数火山爆发, 喷出热熔岩, 数百万年前。
Scientists are still studying Venusian volcanoes for signs of recent eruptions.
科学家们仍在研究金星火山 研究最近的喷发迹象
Gula Mons volcano on Venus Earth’s Greenhouse Effect Earth’s atmosphere also causes a greenhouse effect—though not as strong as the one on Venus.
Gula Mons火山在金星的温室效应地上,
Because of this effect, Earth remains warm enough to have water and support life.
由于这种影响,地球保持了足够温暖,可以有水并维持生命.
However, scientists believe that the burning of coal, oil, and gas fuels is strengthening Earth’s greenhouse effect.
然而,科学家认为燃煤,石油和天然气燃料正在强化地球的温室效应.
When these fuels are burned, extra carbon dioxide is released into the air.
当这些燃料被燃烧时,额外的二氧化碳被释放到空气中.
This gas traps more heat near the surface, warming the planet more than its natural balance.
这种气体在地表附近夹住更多的热量,使地球变暖比它的自然平衡还要多.
The boiling lava that shot out of volcanoes long ago flowed across the surface of Venus.
很久以前喷出火山的沸腾熔岩 流过金星表面
Today, much of the surface consists of flat plains of cooled, cracked, hardened lava.
如今,大部分地表由平地平地组成,平地平地由冷却,裂解,硬化的熔岩组成.
There are also long, winding “riverbeds” on Venus.
金星上还有长长的 " 河床 " 。
Scientists theorize that flowing lava carved out these channels millions of years ago.
科学家的理论 流出熔岩 刻出这些渠道 在数百万年前。
The riverbeds were probably not carved out by streaming water, as happens on Earth, because it is so hot on Venus that any water would evaporate into the atmosphere.
河床可能不是由流水所雕出,就像地球上发生的那样,因为在金星上热到任何水会蒸发入大气层.
However, if Venus was cooler in the past, then perhaps water might have existed on its surface long ago.
然而,如果金星过去更凉快,那么也许水早就存在于地表了.
Venus has deep craters that formed billions of years ago when meteorites crashed into the planet’s surface.
金星拥有数十亿年前陨石坠入地球表面时形成的深坑.
Floods of lava covered up many of the craters on Venus, which is why Venus does not have as many impact craters as the Moon.
被熔岩淹没了金星上的许多陨坑,这就是金星没有月球那样多的撞击坑的原因.
Because it is so hot and dry on Venus, almost all scientists agree that no living things could survive there.
因为金星上如此炎热干燥,所以几乎所有的科学家都同意没有任何活物能在那里生存.
In 2004, people in some parts of the world were able to watch Venus as it passed directly between the Sun and Earth.
2004年,世界一些地区的人在金星从太阳和地球直接相接相接时,能够观看到金星.
Such an event can only be safely viewed indirectly or by using special “eclipse glasses.”
此类事件只能通过间接或使用特殊的 " 秘密眼镜 " 安全地观看。 “
Venus A massive impact crater 43 miles (69 km) in diameter shows the damage meteors can do.
金星 一座直径43英里(69公里)的大撞击坑显示了被破坏的陨石能够起到的作用.
Visits to Venus Many people once imagined that Venus was similar to some warm places on Earth.
访问金星 许多人曾经想象金星与地球上一些温暖的地方类似.
They wondered whether Venus might even have tropical jungles and swamps with such animals as snakes and crocodiles.
他们想知道金星是否甚至可能拥有有蛇和鳄等动物的热带丛林和沼泽地.
Looking at Venus through telescopes on Earth, scientists could not determine what the planet’s surface was actually like.
科学家无法确定地球表面的实际状况。
Telescopes are unable to show what lies beneath Venus’s opaque clouds.
望远镜无法显示金星不透明的云层下面有什么。
Scientists knew next to nothing about Venus’s surface until they sent robotic space probes there.
科学家对金星的地表一无所知,直到他们在那里派出了机器人太空探测器。
The Soviet Union (now called Russia) launched several space probes to Venus during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s.
苏联(现称俄罗斯)在1960年代,1970年代和1980年代向金星发射了多枚太空探测器.
Some of these spacecraft, which were all named Venera, landed on Venus.
其中一些航天器被统称为"维内拉"(Venera),它们都落在了金星上.
The Venera landers took photographs of the planet’s desertlike surface and radioed the pictures back to Earth.
Venera着陆器拍摄了地球沙漠地表的照片,并将照片播回地球。
However, after only about an hour or two, the intense temperatures and pressures at the surface destroyed each Venera lander.
然而,仅过了一两个小时左右,地表的强烈温度和压力就摧毁了每个威内拉着陆器.
The U.
吴人.
S.
师曰.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has also sent space probes to Venus.
美国国家航空航天局(NASA)也向金星发送了太空探测器.
Venus Earth 7,521 Diameter (miles) 7,926 67 million Distance from Sun (miles) 93 million 225 Year length (Earth days)* 365 243 days Day length (Earth time)† 24 hours 870° average Temperature (°F) –130° to 1 40° 0 Number of moons 1 * time it takes to orbit Sun † time it takes to rotate on axis How many miles apart is Venus from Earth?
金星地表 7,521 相径(英里) 7,926,67万 距离太阳(英里)9 300万年长(地球日)* 365 243天长(地球时间) * 24小时 870°平均温度(°F) - 130°至 1 40° 0 月数 1 * 太阳轨道运行所需时间 轴旋转所需时间 离地球还有多远?
Hint: Find the difference between how far each planet is from the Sun.
提示:找出每个星球距离太阳多远的区别.
Slabs of rock on Venus are seen in this photo taken by a Venera lander, part of which can also be seen.
维涅拉着陆器拍摄的这张照片中可以看到金星上岩石的板块,其中的部分也可以看到.
In the 1970s, two Pioneer probes from the United States traveled to Venus.
20世纪70年代,从美国出发的两枚先锋探测器出行到金星.
One Pioneer orbited Venus, creating maps of the surface using radar.
一名先锋将金星绕入轨道,用雷达绘制出地表地图.
In radar, a special instrument sends out radio waves, which are then reflected off a surface.
在雷达中,一种特殊仪器发出无线电波,然后从地表反射出。
The time it takes for the waves to bounce back gives scientists information about the surface.
海浪回弹所需的时间 给了科学家关于地表的信息
Another Pioneer flew by Venus, studying its atmosphere with scientific instruments.
另一位先锋飞过金星,用科学仪器研究了它的大气层.
Scientists learned the most about Venus in the 1990s, when the U.
科学家在1990年代了解金星最多的是U.
S.
师曰.
Magellan probe orbited the planet.
麦哲伦探测器环绕行星运行
Magellan used an advanced type of radar to produce many pictures of the surface of Venus.
麦哲伦用一款先进的雷达来制作多幅金星地表的照片.
For the first time, scientists could see the mountains, volcanoes, and other features of the surface in sharp detail.
科学家们第一次能够非常详细地看到地表的山脉,火山等地貌特征.
The European Union launched the Venus Express probe in 2005.
欧洲联盟于2005年发射了"金星快车"探测器.
Scientists used instruments on Venus Express to further study the planet’s clouds and surface.
科学家在"金星快车"上用仪器来进一步研究地球的云和地表.
Japan launched the Akatsuki orbiter in 2010 to study the planet’s lightning and volcanoes.
日本于2010年出动了Akatsuki轨道器来研究地球的闪电和火山.
An illustration of the Venus Express probe, launched by the European Union in 2005 The Magellan probe was carried into space aboard the shuttle Atlantis.
2005年由欧盟发射的"金星快车"探测器的一幅插图被载入"亚特兰蒂斯号"号航天飞机上".
Conclusion Venus caught the eyes of stargazers thousands of years ago.
结论 几千年前,金星捕捉了星探的眼睛
Outshining everything else in the sky—except for the Sun and Moon—it seemed to demand a special place of honor.
除日月外,天上的一切事物,似乎都要求有一个特别的尊贵的地方。
Venus received this honor by being named after an ancient mythological goddess of love and beauty.
维纳斯通过被以一位古老的爱与美的神话女神取名来获得这一荣誉.
We honor Venus today by studying it with science, which has shed much light on this bright point in the heavens.
我们今天以科学来研究它来纪念金星,它为天上的这一亮点提供了许多启示.
Thanks to science, we know that Venus is a very special and strange kind of world.
由于科学,我们知道金星是一个非常特殊和奇怪的世界。
It is the hottest planet in the Solar System.
它是太阳系最热的行星。
It has some of the largest mountains and volcanoes found on any planet.
它拥有在任何星球上发现的一些最大的山脉和火山.
It “rains” sulfuric acid.
它“排出”硫酸。
People once thought that Venus was like Earth.
人们曾经认为金星就像地球.
We now know that Venus is as unlike Earth as another planet can possibly be.
我们现在知道,金星与地球不同 就像另一个行星一样
It’s a very hostile world where life as we know it is impossible.
这世界充满敌意,
Yet, Venus undoubtedly possesses a strange beauty of its own.
然而,维纳斯无疑拥有了自己奇怪的美貌.
Both beauty and beast—that’s Venus!
美和野兽都是金星!