Hungry Right Here?
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents The Invisible Epidemic.
目录 隐生相克.
4 Why People Can’t Afford Food.
4 人们为什么买不起食品。
6 How Food Assistance Works.
6 粮食援助如何发挥作用。
7 The Politics of Hunger.
7"饥饿政治".
9 Filling the Gap.
9 填补空白。
10 Kids Can Make a Difference.
10 个孩子可以 做一个区别。
12 What Can I Do?
12 我能怎么办?
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 The Invisible Epidemic It’s the last day of school!
16 看不见的流行病 今天是上学的最后一天!
Everyone is excited about the long summer break—everyone except a boy named Mario.
除了一个叫马里奥的男孩, 每个人都对暑假很兴奋。
His stomach rumbles.
他的胃发作。
The only food he’s had today is the school lunch, and he knows the cupboards at home are empty.
今天他唯一吃的是学校午餐,
His mom works two jobs, but by the end of the month they always run out of money for food.
他的妈妈做两份工作,但到了月底,他们总是用光了食物的钱.
He sighs, thinking of the long summer ahead.
他叹气,想到了前面漫长的夏天.
Like Mario, millions of American children go hungry every day.
像马里奥一样,数百万美国儿童每天都在挨饿.
According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), 48.
据美国农业部(USDA)统计,48.
1 million Americans lived in “food insecure” homes in 2014.
2014年,100万美国人生活在“粮食不安全”的家中。
This means they did not always have enough food for everyone living there.
这意味着他们并不总是有足够的食物给生活在那里的每一个人。
Of these Americans, 15.
在这些美国人中,有15人。
3 million were children.
300万儿童。
That’s about one in five children in the United States.
在美国,
Hunger brings pain and stress.
饥饿带来痛苦和压力。
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has found that children who don’t get enough to eat have more health problems and miss more school than those who do.
疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)发现,
When kids are hungry at school, they have a harder time learning.
当孩子们在学校饿了, 他们学习的时间很困难。
Hunger also has long-term effects.
饥饿也有长期影响。
Too little food slows children’s physical and mental development.
食物太少会减缓儿童的身心发育。
Many of them never catch up.
其中许多人从来没有赶上。
The United States grows millions of pounds of food.
美国种植了上百万磅的粮食.
The government has programs to help people who can’t afford food.
政府有帮助买不起食物的人的方案。
Yet there is an epidemic of hunger in the United States.
然而,美国存在着饥饿的流行病。
Why?
为什么?
All-you-can-eat buffets suggest a land of plenty.
吃饱了的自助餐 都说明有一块土地
But is it for everyone?
但这是给大家的吗?
Why People Can’t Afford Food When families don’t have enough money, they often have to make tough choices.
为什么人们买不起食物? 当家庭没有足够的钱时,
Sometimes that choice is to either pay the bills or eat.
有时,这种选择是支付账单或吃饭。
Millions of Americans work full time and sometimes still go hungry—women in particular.
数百万美国人全职工作,有时仍然挨饿,特别是妇女。
USDA numbers show that more than 60 percent of adults receiving food assistance are women.
获得食品援助的成年人中60%以上是妇女。
According to the U.
根据U.
S.
师曰.
Census, more than 80 percent of single parents caring for children are women.
人口普查表明,80%以上照顾子女的单亲父母是妇女。
These women are twice as likely to live in poverty as single men caring for children.
这些妇女生活在贫困中的可能性是照顾子女的单身男子的两倍。
When mothers are living in poverty, their children often are, too.
当母亲生活在贫困中时,她们的孩子也常常是。
A mother-to-be uses government assistance to buy fresh food.
母亲将使用政府援助购买新鲜食品。
How Food Assistance Works Federal food assistance began in 1933 as a way for the government to help farmers.
食品援助如何运作 联邦食品援助始于1933年,作为政府帮助农民的一种方式.
The USDA bought farmers’ extra crops and gave them to those in need.
美援署购买了农民的额外作物,
In 1939, the government began giving actual stamps that people used to buy that extra food.
1939年,政府开始赠送人们用来购买额外食物的实际邮票.
By 1964, the program allowed people to buy any type of food, not just extra from farmers.
到1964年,该方案允许人们购买任何种类的食物,而不仅仅是从农民那里额外购买.
In 2008, the Food Stamp Program was renamed the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) to reflect the program’s new focus on nutrition.
2008年,食品印花方案被更名为补充营养援助方案,以反映该方案对营养的新关注。
During the Great Depression, the government gave out surplus food to help feed hungry Americans.
大萧条期间,政府出出多余的食物来帮助给饥饿的美国人提供食物.
In 2015, SNAP helped more than forty-five million Americans.
2015年,SNAP帮助了超过4500万美国人.
The average monthly food stamp benefit is less than $5.
月平均粮票补贴不足5元.
00 a day.
一天零块.
Another federal program helps pregnant women and children under the age of five.
另一个联邦方案帮助孕妇和5岁以下儿童。
It provides specific nutritious foods such as milk, baby formula, and baby food.
它提供具体的营养食品,如牛奶、婴儿配方奶和婴儿食品。
For more than thirty million children, the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) also provides free or reduced-cost lunches at public schools to low-income families.
对3 000多万儿童而言,国家学校午餐方案也在公立学校向低收入家庭提供免费或减价午餐。
In 2014, nearly two-thirds of SNAP recipients were children, elderly, or disabled.
2014年,近三分之二的SNAP领取者是儿童、老人或残疾人。
Source: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities 44% children 20% elderly/disabled 36% other adults Who Receives SNAP Benefits?
资料来源:预算和政策优先事项中心 44%的儿童 20%的老年人/残疾人 36%的其他成年人 由谁领取国家适应计划津贴?
The Politics of Hunger The government offers a safety net to many hungry Americans.
饥饿的政治 政府向许多饥饿的美国人提供安全网.
Yet the amount of money budgeted for federal food programs varies from year to year.
然而,为联邦粮食方案编列的预算金额每年都不同。
Who draws up the budget?
谁起草预算?
Congress, our national lawmakers in Washington, D.
国会 华盛顿特区的国家立法者
C.
C组
In some years, Congress cuts billions in spending for SNAP; in some years, it increases spending for school lunch programs.
几年来,国会削减了数十亿用于SNAP的开支;几年来,国会增加了用于学校午餐计划的开支.
People disagree about how much the federal government should spend on these food programs.
人们对于联邦政府应该花多少钱来实施这些食品计划持不同意见.
They disagree about who the government should help feed and how the government should determine who gets that help.
他们不同意政府应该帮助谁养活,政府应该如何确定谁能得到这种帮助.
Because of other rising costs, such as childcare, housing, and education, many families today struggle to pay their bills.
由于儿童照料、住房和教育等其他费用上涨,许多家庭今天难以支付账单。
To help with that struggle, some people think more Americans should receive food assistance.
为了帮助这场斗争,有些人认为更多的美国人应该得到粮食援助.
A five-year-old holds a sign to help protest a 2013 House farm bill.
一名5岁的孩子手持道牌来帮助抗议2013年众议院农场法案.
The bill would have cut SNAP by $20.
该法案会把SNAP削减20美元.
5 billion.
50亿.
Actual cuts in November 2013 affected more than 47 million Americans.
2013年11月的实际削减影响到4 700多万美国人。
Filling the Gap When government funding is not enough to meet the needs of hungry Americans, local food programs help fill the gap.
当政府资金不足以满足饥饿的美国人的需求时,地方粮食方案有助于填补缺口。
Food banks in every state collect food from growers, restaurants, and grocery stores.
各州的粮食银行都从种植者、餐馆和杂货店收集粮食。
They give the food to charities, such as food pantries or soup kitchens, that serve the public.
他们把食物交给慈善机构,例如为公众服务的食品裤或汤厨房.
Food banks often provide canned or boxed foods because storing fresh fruits and vegetables is difficult.
食品银行经常提供罐装或箱装食品,因为储存新鲜水果和蔬菜很困难.
For low-income people, the need for these fresh foods can sometimes be filled by community gardens.
对于低收入的人来说,对这些新鲜食物的需求有时可以由社区花园来提供.
Here, people plant, care for, and harvest food to use at home or share with the community.
在这里,人们种植、照料和收割食物供家庭使用或与社区分享。
Many community gardens grow vegetables for their local food banks.
许多社区花园为当地的粮食库种植蔬菜.
Food Deserts High-poverty areas are often “food deserts”— places not served by large grocery stores.
高贫困地区往往是 " 粮食沙漠 " -- -- 大型杂货店不供应的地方。
Some are in inner cities where stores have closed.
有的位于商店已关闭的内地城市.
Others are in rural areas with small populations.
另一些人居住在人口较少的农村地区。
People in these areas often can’t afford to travel ten or fifteen miles to buy groceries, so they buy basic food at small, local stores.
当地小商店购买基本食物。
Prices are generally higher, and small stores often don’t carry nutritious foods like quality meat or fresh produce.
价格一般较高,小商店通常不携带有营养的食物,如优质肉类或新鲜产品.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
The nonprofit organization Ample Harvest.
非营利组织"安普尔收获".
org connects more than 7,500 food charities with gardens that want to donate produce.
org将7500多家食品慈善机构与希望捐赠出产的花园相连接.
Feeding America, the largest organization helping American families, has more than two hundred food banks and sixty thousand food pantries that feed about twelve million kids each year.
养活美国是帮助美国家庭的最大组织,拥有200多家食品库和6万个食品裤,每年养活约1200万儿童.
However, charities provide less than 6 percent of the food assistance in the United States.
然而,慈善机构提供的美国粮食援助不到6%.
As costs rise, wages stay the same, and federal food programs are cut, these organizations are finding that they cannot meet the needs of hungry people.
随着成本上升,工资保持不变,联邦粮食方案被削减,这些组织发现它们无法满足饥饿人口的需要。
They often run out of food and have to turn families away.
他们经常食物用光,不得不让家人离开。
A mother and her children plant tomatoes in a middle-school garden in Colorado.
一位母亲和她的孩子在科罗拉多州的一所中学花园里种植了番茄.
They plan to donate their produce to a local food bank.
他们计划将其产品捐赠给当地一家粮食银行.
Kids Can Make a Difference In addition to food stamps and food banks, kids like you can help.
孩子们可以 有所区别 除了粮票和粮库,你这样的孩子也可以帮忙.
Students in New Hampshire held a “hunger banquet” for their parents.
新罕布什尔州的学生为他们的父母举行了“饥饿宴会”。
The “cost” to attend the banquet was canned food for the food pantry.
参加宴会的“费用”是食品储藏室的罐装食品。
A sixth- grade class in Massachusetts made an award- winning video about hunger to educate people in their community.
马萨诸塞州一个六年级的班级制作了一个奖项——取胜的关于饥饿的视频,教育社区里的人.
Other students have raised money for food banks through bake sales, art sales, car washes, walk-a-thons, and read-a-thons.
其他学生通过烘焙销售,美术销售,洗车,走行走行,读行走行等方式为食品银行募集资金.
Sam Adamo played his cello at a local farmer’s market and collected $700 for his local food bank in Rhode Island.
萨姆·阿达莫在当地一个农民市场打出大提琴,为他在罗德岛的当地粮食银行收了700美元.
Carson Pazdan created a cookbook for and by kids.
卡森·帕兹丹为孩子创作了一本烹饪手册。
The cookbook sales raised more than $20,000 for the Northern Illinois Food Bank.
烹饪本的销售为北伊利诺伊州食品银行筹集了2万多美元.
Macy Stewart collected 844 pounds (383 kg) of food by handing out bags in her school and asking classmates to fill them for St.
梅西·斯图尔特通过在她的学校中发出袋子来收集出844磅(383公斤)的食物,并要求同学为圣.
Mary’s Food Bank in Surprise, Arizona.
玛丽食品银行在亚利桑那州惊喜.
When seven-year-old William Winslow realized that kids in his part of North Carolina would not have food over spring break, he asked a local grocery store to let him stand outside and talk to people.
当7岁的威廉·温斯洛意识到自己所在的北卡罗莱纳州的孩子在春假期间不会有食物时,他要求当地的一家杂货店让他站在外面和人交谈.
He told them about Back Pack Buddies, a program that sends meals home on weekends for students in need.
他告诉了他们Back Pack Buddies,一个周末送饭回家给有需要的学生的方案.
In only one weekend, William collected 1,400 pounds (635 kg) of food and $305 in cash donations.
只有一个周末,威廉收集了1400磅(635公斤)的食物和305美元的现金捐款.
Now in fourth grade, he still holds a fund-raiser each year.
现在在四年级,他仍然每年举办募捐会.
In 2016, he organized 171 volunteers to collect donations at ten grocery stores.
2016年,他组织171名志愿者到10个杂货店募捐.
Donations provided eleven thousand meals to children in his area.
捐款为他所在地区的儿童提供了一万一千份膳食。
In 2017, he hopes to expand throughout the state of North Carolina.
2017年,他希望能扩展到整个北卡罗莱纳州.
William says, “I’m just an involved, regular kid.
威廉说:“我只是个普通孩子。
Any kid can make a difference if they want to.
任何孩子如果愿意都可以有所作为.
It’s just whether they want to or not.”
他们是否愿意, “
William collected 8,100 pounds (3,674 kg) of food for Back Pack Buddies in 2016.
威廉于2016年为后包巴德斯收集了8,100磅(3,674公斤)的食物.
“I’m just an involved, regular kid.
“我只是个普通孩子。
Any kid can make a difference if they want to.
任何孩子如果愿意都可以有所作为.
It’s just whether they want to or not.”
他们是否愿意, “
What Can I Do?
我能怎么办?
If you have a family garden, you can donate extra vegetables to a local food pantry—or plant an extra patch to donate!
如果你有一个家庭花园,你可以把额外的蔬菜捐赠给当地的食品储藏所——或者种植额外的补丁来捐赠!
You can also donate part of your allowance and encourage others to do the same.
您也可捐赠部分津贴,并鼓励他人也这样做。
Kids in Virginia came up with a plan to allow kids to donate a dime to the food bank each time they bought lunch.
弗吉尼亚的孩子们想出了一个计划,允许孩子们每次购买午餐时都会向食品银行捐出一分钱.
Create a plan at your school to support food banks.
在你的学校里建立一个支持食品银行的计划。
Map the Meal Gap Use this map to compare rates of hunger within your state.
映射膳食缺口 使用此地图来比较您所在状态的饥饿率 。
Next, compare your state and region with others.
接下来,将您的州和地区与其它地区进行比较.
Where is the percentage of food insecurity highest?
粮食无保障的比例在什么地方最高?
Lowest?
低调?
Volunteers prepare meals at the Central Kitchen in Washington, D.
志愿军在华盛顿中央厨房做饭.
C.
C组
Don’t Waste Food!
不要浪费食物!
About 40 percent of food in the United States is thrown away.
美国约40%的食物被扔掉.
The average family of four wastes about $1,500 worth of food, or two million calories each year.
4个废物的平均家庭价值约1,500美元,即每年200万卡路里。
Most people don’t know a lot about hunger in their own communities.
大部分民众对自己的社区饥饿了解不多。
Find out what the local food bank and charities need and at what time of year the need is greatest.
了解当地粮食银行和慈善机构需要什么,以及每年什么时候最需要什么。
Share what you find with friends, family, and neighbors.
和朋友、家人和邻居分享你的发现
Write letters to Congress and to your state and local governments.
写信给国会以及你州和地方政府.
Encourage your leaders to support programs that help make sure no child goes hungry.
鼓励你们的领导人支持有助于确保儿童不挨饿的方案。
We have what it takes to make sure that children like Mario never go hungry again.
我们有办法确保像马里奥这样的孩子不再挨饿。
We just need the will to make it happen.
我们只需要有实现它的意愿。
Glossary budgeted (v.)
编入预算的词汇表(五.)
planned or set aside something, usually money, for a particular purpose (p.
计划或预留一些东西,通常是金钱,用于某一特定目的(p.
9) census (n.)
9) 人口普查(n.
an official count of a population (p.
官方人口统计(p.
6) charities (n.)
(6) 慈善机构(不详)
organizations that accept donations of money, goods, or services and use them to help those in need (p.
接受捐款、货物或服务并利用它们帮助有需要的人的组织(p.
10) Congress (n.)
10) 国会 (n.
the highest lawmaking body of the U.
是美国最高立法机构
S.
师曰.