Guy Fawkes Day
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents What Is Bonfire Night?
内容表 什么是Bonfire之夜?
4 Who Was Guy Fawkes?
盖伊・福克斯是谁?
5 The Gunpowder Plot.
5"火药地块".
6 Caught!
6号夹克!
9 Another Conspiracy?
9个阴谋?
12 The Legacy of the Plot.
12 Plot的遗产.
13 Conclusion.
13 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 What Is Bonfire Night?
16号是"Bonfire之夜"?
“Remember, remember the fifth of November.
“记住,记住11月5日。
Gunpowder, Treason, and Plot, We know no reason why Gunpowder Treason Should ever be forgot.”
火药、叛国和地铁 我们不知道为什么应该忘记火药叛国 “
On November 5 every year, adults and children in the United Kingdom gather together for fireworks and bonfires.
每年11月5日,英国的成人和儿童会聚一堂进行烟花和篝火.
Friends and families cheer as a dummy, called a “Guy,” on top of the fire bursts into flames.
朋友和家人欢呼起来,称他们为“同志”,在火上燃烧。
This traditional festival is known as Guy Fawkes Day, or Bonfire Night.
这个传统节日被称为"盖伊·福克斯日"(Guy Fawkes Day),或"Bonfire Night".
Guy Fawkes Day celebrates a day in 1605.
盖伊·福克斯日(Guy Fawkes Day)于1605年庆祝了一天.
On this date, King James I and his staff stopped a plot that would have blown up Parliament.
这天,詹姆斯国王 我和他的手下阻止了一场 炸毁议会的阴谋
The Lewes, England, Bonfire Night celebration is the biggest in the world.
英国利韦斯人 Bonfire之夜庆祝活动是世界上最大的.
Who Was Guy Fawkes?
盖伊·福克斯是谁?
Guy Fawkes was born in 1570 in York, England, during the rule of Queen Elizabeth I.
盖伊·福克斯于1570年生于英国约克,在伊丽莎白一世女王统治时期.
At that time in Europe, many Catholic and Protestant countries were at war.
当时在欧洲,许多天主教和新教国家处于战争中.
The Catholic religion was illegal in England in those days.
当时天主教在英国是非法的.
Catholics who were caught practicing their religion were punished severely.
被逮到信奉宗教的天主教徒受到严厉惩罚.
Guy’s parents were Protestant.
他的父母是新教徒。
His grandparents, however, were Catholic, and when Guy’s father died, his mother remarried a Catholic man.
然而,他的祖父母是天主教徒,而盖伊的父亲去世后,他的母亲再娶了一位天主教徒.
When he was a teenager, Guy decided to become a Catholic.
少年时期,盖伊决定成为天主教徒.
He was angry about the terrible treatment that Catholics received in England.
他对天主教徒在英国受到的可怕待遇感到愤怒.
Guy left England in his early twenties.
盖于二十来出自英国.
He traveled to the Netherlands to join the Catholic Spanish army in their fight against the Protestant Dutch army.
他出道到荷兰同天主教西班牙军队一起与新教荷兰军队作战.
Guy was a soldier in the Spanish army for twelve years.
盖伊在西班牙军队中当了12年的士兵.
There he learned how to make explosives using gunpowder.
在那里他学会了如何使用火药来制造炸药.
Guy Fawkes went by the nickname Guido.
盖伊·福克斯取了绰号"圭多".
The Gunpowder Plot In 1603, Queen Elizabeth I died and King James I took her place.
1603年的"火药地" 伊丽莎白女王 我死了 詹姆斯国王取代了她的位子
Catholics hoped he would be more tolerant of the Catholic religion.
天主教徒希望他对天主教更加宽容.
Instead, he passed even harsher laws against them.
相反,他对他们通过了更严厉的法律。
Many English Catholics were still loyal to the king.
许多英语 天主教徒仍然忠于国王.
However, Fawkes met other Englishmen in the Spanish army who were angry about the treatment of Catholics in England.
然而,福克斯在西班牙军队中遇到了其他英国人,他们对英国天主教徒的待遇感到愤怒.
In April 1604, a man named Robert Catesby invited Guy to join in a revolt against the king.
1604年4月,一个叫罗伯特·克特斯比(Robert Catesby)的人邀请盖伊参加一场反抗国王的起义.
They needed his expertise with gunpowder.
他们需要他的火药专家
Guy immediately agreed.
盖立即同意.
He was excited to be able to contribute to their cause.
他对能够为他们的事业出力感到兴奋.
Back in London, in May 1604, Fawkes met with other plotters at a local inn.
1604年5月回伦敦后,福克斯在当地一家客栈与其它策划者相会.
They took an oath of secrecy.
他们发誓要保密
The plotters planned to blow up Parliament the day it was officially supposed to open.
策划者计划在议会正式开幕的当天炸毁议会.
The king and his entire staff would all be there.
国王和他的全体工作人员都会在场
Afterward, the plotters would start a rebellion of Catholic supporters against the king.
之后,阴谋者会发动天主教支持者反抗国王的叛乱.
The plan was to kidnap King James’s daughter, Princess Elizabeth, and then make her queen.
计划是绑架詹姆士国王的女儿伊丽莎白公主,然后立她为皇后.
At the time, Elizabeth was only nine years old.
当时伊丽莎白才9岁.
They believed that Catholic rulers could easily help to control her decisions.
他们认为天主教统治者可以轻易地帮助控制她的决定.
Thirteen plotters in total were sworn into the plan.
共有13名策划者宣誓加入计划。
Robert Catesby had a house just across the river from Parliament.
罗伯特·凯茨比在议会对面有所房子
The plotters purchased thirty-six barrels of gunpowder and stored them in Catesby’s house.
绘图员购买了36桶火药并存放在Catesby的家中。
One of the plotters, Thomas Percy, got a job as a royal bodyguard.
策划者之一托马斯·珀西获得了皇家保镖的工作.
He moved into a house near Parliament.
他搬到了议会附近的一所房子.
He was also able to rent a cellar beneath the buildings of Parliament.
他还在议会大楼下方租了地窖。
The plotters moved the gunpowder by rowboat at night, crossing the river from Catesby’s house to the cellar beneath Parliament.
策划者在夜间用划艇将火药移走,从凯茨比的家渡过河流到议会下面的地窖.
Guy Fawkes took a fake name.
盖·福克斯用假名
He called himself John Johnson.
他自称约翰·约翰逊.
He pretended to be Thomas Percy’s servant so he could move freely inside the buildings of Parliament.
他假装是托马斯·珀西的仆人,这样他就可以在议会大楼内自由行动.
His job was to take care of the gunpowder hidden in the cellar.
他的工作是照顾隐藏在地窖里的火药.
The opening of Parliament had been set for November 5, 1605.
议会的开幕定于1605年11月5日。
The plotters were ready.
策划者都准备好了
Some think that Guy Fawkes’s gunpowder was too old to cause an explosion.
有些人认为盖伊·福克斯的火药已经太老了,无法引起爆炸.
Caught!
抓起来!
A secret letter was sent to Lord Monteagle.
密信被寄给蒙特格尔勋爵.
He was a Catholic nobleman who was loyal to the king.
他是天主教贵族,忠于国王.
The letter warned him not to attend the Parliament on November 5 because something terrible was going to happen.
信中警告他不要出席11月5日的议会,因为事情即将发生.
He showed the letter to the king’s assistant.
他向国王的助理出示了这封信。
When the king heard this news, he ordered a complete search of the houses of Parliament.
当国王听到这个消息后,他下令彻底搜查议会的房屋.
The search party found firewood in the cellar.
搜查队在地窖里发现了木柴.
A second search was ordered.
第二次搜查被下令进行.
This time they caught Fawkes with fuses and matches.
这次他们抓住了Fawkes 有保险丝和火柴。
They searched the cellar more thoroughly.
他们更彻底地搜查了地窖
During the second search, they found the thirty-six barrels of gunpowder.
在第二次搜查中,他们发现了36桶火药.
Guy Fawkes tried to escape but was caught.
盖伊·福克斯试图逃跑但被抓住.
The guards brought him to the king’s chambers for questioning.
卫所将他带到王室审问.
Part of the anonymous letter sent to Lord Monteagle Fawkes told the king’s guards that his plan was to blow up the king and his government.
寄给蒙泰格尔·福克斯勋爵的匿名信的一部分告诉国王的守卫,他的计划是炸毁国王和他的政府.
He insisted that he had acted alone.
他坚持说他是独自行动的。
He told the king he was only sorry that the plot had failed.
他告诉了国王,他只是对阴谋失败感到遗憾.
Fawkes was a prisoner in the Tower of London.
Fawkes曾被囚禁在伦敦塔.
By November 9, he had signed his name on his final confession, revealing the names of his fellow plotters.
到11月9日,他已经在最后供述上签了名,透露出同党阴谋者的姓名.
On the morning of November 5, the plotters had heard about Fawkes’s arrest.
11月5日上午,策划者听说了Fawkes被捕的消息。
They stole some horses and rode away from London.
他们偷了一些马 并骑从伦敦。
They tried to lead a revolt against the government.
他们试图领导一场反抗政府的起义.
On November 8, a group of the king’s men caught up with them.
11月8日,一行国王手下追上他们.
Robert Catesby and three other plotters were killed in a gunfight.
罗伯特·凯茨比和另外三名阴谋家在一次枪战中被击毙.
The rebellion had failed.
叛乱失败了。
The English courts found all eight surviving plotters guilty of treason.
英国法院判定所有8名幸存的阴谋者犯有叛国罪.
They sentenced each traitor to death.
他们判处每个叛徒死刑.
In January 1606, Guy Fawkes and three other plotters were taken to the yard outside the Parliament to be executed.
1606年1月,盖伊·法克斯和另外三名阴谋家被带入议会外的院子被处决.
Their punishment was a warning to anyone who might try the same.
他们的处罚是对任何可能这样做的人的警告。
King James I later praised Guy Fawkes for his loyalty to his cause.
詹姆斯国王 我后来称赞了盖伊·福克斯对他的事业的忠诚.
Another Conspiracy?
又一个阴谋?
Some experts suggest that the Gunpowder Plot was an inside job.
一些专家认为"火药地"是内部工作.
They think it might have been a plot by the king’s staff to make harsher anti- Catholic laws.
他们认为可能是国王幕僚的阴谋来制定更严厉的反天主教法律.
It might even have been the king’s top aide who wrote the warning letter to Lord Monteagle.
甚至可能是国王的高级助手给蒙特格尔勋爵写了警告信.
How could the plotters have carried out their work right under the noses of the king’s guards?
策划者怎么能在国王的守卫的眼皮底下进行他们的工作呢?
Were the plotters used as scapegoats to raise support for an unpopular king?
策划者是不是被用来替一个不受欢迎的国王代罪羔羊?
There is no clear proof of this.
这一点并没有明确的证据。
However, the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot brought the public relief that the king’s life had been saved.
然而,"火药地"的发现给公众带来了解脱,认为国王的性命已经得到拯救.
The king claimed that his survival was a miracle and proof of his right to the throne.
国王宣称他的生存是奇迹并证明了他拥有王位的权利.
Parliament passed a law that same year to make November 5 an official day of celebration.
议会同年通过法律,将11月5日定为正式庆祝日.
The festivities were intended to strengthen loyalty to the king.
庆会的目的是要加强对国王的忠诚.
The Legacy of the Plot The holiday was first called Gunpowder Treason Day.
地图的后遗症 节日最初取名"火药叛国日".
In the seventeenth century, people rang church bells and lit bonfires to mark the day.
在17世纪,人们敲响了教堂的钟并点燃了篝火来纪念这一天.
In England then, it was popular to burn dummies of hated figures on bonfires.
在当时的英国,在篝火上焚烧被憎恨的人物的哑弹很受欢迎.
People believed that doing this would drive away evil spirits.
人们相信这样做会驱走邪恶的灵魂.
On November 5, people began to burn a dummy of Guy Fawkes on the bonfire.
11月5日,人们开始将盖伊·福克斯的假人活活活活活烧死.
Modern artwork celebrates Guy Fawkes Day.
现代艺术的庆祝 盖·福克日.
By the late nineteenth century, spectacular firework displays and parades in towns and cities became popular.
到19世纪后期,壮观的烟花展出和城镇出行也开始流行.
People marched to where the bonfire and firework displays were held.
人们游行到举行篝火和烟火展示会的地方.
These days, the bonfires are usually arranged by local organizations.
目前,篝火通常由当地组织安排.
Bonfire Parties Some parts of Britain have special traditions for Bonfire Night.
交火派对 英国部分地区有"邦佛尔之夜"的特殊传统.
In the town of Lewes (in the south of England), people wear costumes and carry torches through the streets.
在莱韦斯镇(英格兰南部),人们会穿戴服装并携带火炬穿过街道.
Some towns burn dummies of famous people who are unpopular with the public today, instead of Guy Fawkes.
一些城镇烧掉今天不受公众欢迎的名人,而不是盖伊·福克斯.
Conclusion Guy Fawkes Day celebrates the failure of the Gunpowder Plot to kill the king of England.
盖伊·福克斯 日庆"火药亭"杀英王失败.
These events happened over four hundred years ago.
这些事件发生在400多年前。
Today, millions of people in the United Kingdom continue to enjoy bonfires and special firework displays on November 5.
今天,英国有数百万人继续享受11月5日的篝火和特别的烟花会展.
Guy Fawkes Day has become a day to celebrate and have fun with friends and family.
盖伊·福克斯日已经成为庆祝和与朋友和家人一起玩乐的日子.
Some Fiery Facts Once a year, guards search the houses of Parliament before the official opening.
一些狂热的事实 每年一次,守卫在正式开幕前搜查议会的房屋.
They make sure there are no would-be plotters hiding in the basements.
他们确保没有隐藏在地下室的谋划者。
Scientists have calculated that the 2,500 kilograms (5,512 lb.)
科学家计算出2500公斤(5,512磅).
of gunpowder hidden by Guy Fawkes would have exploded out about 490 meters (536 yd.)
盖伊·福克斯藏有火药的火药 大约爆炸了490公尺(536公分)
Guy Fawkes has an island in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, named after him, called Isla Guy Fawkes.
盖伊·福克(英语:Guy Fawkes)在厄瓜多尔加拉帕戈斯群岛有一座岛屿,以他的名字取名"盖伊·福克"(Isla Guy Fawkes).
Guards prepare for their annual search of Parliament.
警卫准备每年搜索议会