Building
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A Landmark Scrapes the Sky.
内容表 A 地标 Scrapes the Sky.
4 A Winning Team.
4一胜利队.
7 From Hotel to Hole.
7 从酒店到洞.
8 The Best Show in Town.
8 镇上最佳秀.
9 Zoom to the Top.
9 放大到顶.
11 Al Smith Was Right!
11艾尔史密斯是对的!
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 A Landmark Scrapes the Sky Where can you go stargazing in the afternoon?
16 A 地标打出天空 午后何处能入星.
You can go to the top of the Empire State Building in New York City!
你可以去纽约市的帝国大厦顶部!
Tourists, New Yorkers, and, yes, stars— famous recording artists and television and movie actors—go there to delight in the awesome view from the observatory.
游客,纽约人,还有,是的,明星——著名的录音艺术家以及电视和电影演员——到那里去欣赏天文台的精彩景象。
Since the Empire State Building was built in 1930 and 1931, it has been an internationally famous landmark.
自1930年和1931年帝国大厦建成后,它成为了国际著名的地标.
It was the tallest building in the world for forty-one years—for more years than any other skyscraper—and today it still stands tall in Manhattan’s skyline.
它曾经是世界上41年来最高的建筑——比其他摩天大楼多出多来——今天它仍然高高地位于曼哈顿的天际线上.
The Empire State Building is near the middle of Manhattan Island—at 350 Fifth Avenue in New York City.
帝国大厦靠近曼哈顿岛中部——纽约市第五大道350号.
The Empire State Building’s skyscraping height makes for some weird science as well as breathtaking views.
帝国大厦的摩天高地,
One summer, a scientist filmed and counted forty-eight lightning strikes on the building, proving that the building is a towering lightning rod!
一个夏天,一位科学家拍摄并计算出48起闪电击中了大楼,证明了大楼是高耸起的闪电棒!
The building is so tall that sunrise occurs about a half hour earlier at the top than at street level.
这座建筑高得要命,日出时间比出道时间早半小时左右.
Computer-driven LED lights shine using sixteen million different colors at the top of the building, and because of its height, people can see and enjoy the nighttime light shows for many miles around.
计算机驱动 LED灯光在建筑顶部使用1600万种不同颜色发光,由于高度,人们可以看见并享受周围多英里的夜间灯光表演.
Amazingly, on a clear day you can see parts of five different states—New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania—just by walking around the observation deck and looking out at the horizon.
令人惊奇的是,在晴朗的一天,你可以看到五个不同州(纽约、新泽西州、康涅狄格州、马萨诸塞州和宾夕法尼亚州)的部分地方,只是绕着观察甲板走并望向地平线。
The Empire State Building Height to the top: 1,454 feet (443.
帝国大厦高地向上:1,454英尺(443.
1 m) The Empire State Building is known as the “world’s most famous office building,” “America’s favorite building,” and even one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World.
1米) (中文(简体) ). 帝国大厦被称为"世界最出名的办公楼"("American's favorite building"),甚至有"现代世界七大奇迹"之一.
Height to the 86th floor observation deck: 1,050 feet (320 m) Height to the 102nd floor observation deck: 1,250 feet (381 m) 2.
高至86层观察甲板:1 050英尺(320米)高至102层观察甲板:1 250英尺(381米) 2. 联合国
7 million square feet (250,838 sq m) of office space Base: 79,288 square feet (7,366 sq m) Weight of building: 365,000 tons (331,122 mt) ATLANTIC OCEAN New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Connecticut Massachusetts An Awesome View From the top of the Empire State Building, you can see five states.
700万平方英尺(250 838 sq mi)的办公用地:79 288平方英尺(7 366 sq mi) 建筑重量:36.5万吨 (331,122公克特) ATLANTIC OCEAN New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Connecticut Massachusetts An Cousin View 从帝国大厦上方可以看见五个州.
A Winning Team Two friends, Alfred E.
胜利团队 两个朋友,阿尔弗雷德·E.
Smith and John J.
史密斯和约翰·J.
Raskob, decided to construct the world’s tallest building.
Raskob决定建造世界上最高的建筑。
Because they both came from poor New York families, the pair had a lot in common.
因为他们都来自贫穷的纽约家庭,这对夫妇有很多共同点.
As young men, both dropped out of school to find jobs and support their families.
作为青年男子,两人都辍学找工作并养活家人。
By 1929, however, Raskob was rich and had many wealthy friends who were willing to invest in the skyscraper.
然而到1929年,拉斯克布已经发财并有许多愿意投资摩天大楼的富有朋友.
Smith was famous after he ran for president of the United States and lost.
史密斯在竞选美国总统并输后出名.
He was a great talker, though, and supplied the press with exciting stories about the building.
他是一个伟大的演讲家,虽然, 并且向媒体提供令人兴奋的故事 关于大楼。
Together they were a winning team.
他们一起是赢家
Raskob and Smith knew the site they wanted for their skyscraper, but they had one rather large problem.
Raskob和Smith知道他们想要的摩天大楼,但他们有一个相当大的问题.
The famous Waldorf-Astoria Hotel was already at that location, so the team bought the hotel.
著名的"霍多夫-阿斯托里亚酒店"(Waldorf-Astoria Hotel)已经在那个地点了,因此剧组买下了这所酒店.
From Hotel to Hole Tearing down the grand hotel was difficult because it was large and built to last for many years.
从酒店到洞穴 撕裂了宏伟的酒店是困难的,因为它是大型的, 建造持续多年。
Some six hundred men worked day and night to demolish it.
大约六百名男子日以继夜地工作来摧毁它。
Then they dug an enormous hole to reach solid bedrock.
然后他们挖出一个巨大的洞来达到坚固的地基.
This is what the massive skyscraper would sit on.
这就是大型摩天大楼会坐的
The workers had to dig and blast their way down to 40 feet (12.
工人们不得不去挖掘,并把他们的路炸到40英尺(12.
2 m) below street level.
2米)下为街道平面.
As they worked, a fleet of dump trucks hauled 28,529 loads of earth, stone, and the remains of the once-proud hotel to barges on the East River.
在他们工作时,一队倾卸卡车运送了28,529个载重的地,石头,和曾经骄傲的旅馆的残骸去东河上驳船.
Tugboats pushed the barges out to the ocean and dumped it all.
拖船把驳船推到海里,然后全部抛出.
After five months, all that remained was a gaping hole.
五个月之后,剩下的只是个开口的洞。
Alfred E.
阿尔弗雷德·E.
Smith (left) and John J.
史密斯 (左)和约翰·J.
Raskob (right) came from poor families.
Raskob(右)来自贫困家庭。
They achieved great things in their lives.
他们在生活中取得了伟大的成就.
When it opened in 1893, the Waldorf-Astoria was the biggest, most luxurious hotel in all of New York.
1893年开业后,华尔多夫-阿斯托里亚酒店是全纽约最大,最豪华的酒店.
The Best Show in Town Construction began on April 7, 1930.
1930年4月7日开始"城镇建设"中的最佳表演.
At the bottom, where the weight of a skyscraper is greatest, 210 columns weighing 44 tons (39 mt) each were set vertically.
在最底层,一幢摩天大楼的重量最大,每根重达44吨(39 mt)的210根柱被垂直设置.
Then horizontal beams arrived and were connected to the columns to form a strong steel grid.
后横向梁已到来并被连接到柱子上以形成坚固的钢网.
As the grid began to reach for the sky, people stopped and crowded the sidewalks below.
随着电网开始伸向天空,人们停下来并挤满了下面的人行道.
They were all looking up at the steelworkers balancing on the narrow beams.
他们都看着钢铁工人 在狭长的梁上平衡
Newspaper reporters said the workers were the best show in town and called them “sky boys.”
报纸记者说,工人是镇上最好的节目,并称他们为“天空男孩”。 “
Their work was so dangerous that if one member of a four-man crew got sick, the other three also went home.
他们的工作非常危险,以至于如果一名四人组成员生病,另外三人也回家.
Crew members had to know and trust each other completely, as having someone new step in could create an unsafe situation.
机组成员必须完全了解和信任对方,因为让某个人介入可能会造成不安全的局面.
Their job was to fasten the steel beams together with rivets.
他们的工作是把钢梁和管子绑在一起。
The “heater” got a rivet red hot in his bucket of fiery coals and then tossed it through the air.
这名“发热者”把一桶火烧煤放入一桶红热,然后扔出空气。
The “catcher” placed it in its hole in the beam.
" 捕手 " 将其放入梁口。
Then the “bucker-up” pushed on one end of the hot rivet with a metal bar as the “riveter” smashed the other end with an air hammer, tightly bonding the enormous beams.
之后,用金属棒将 " 吊杆 " 推倒在了有热力的一端,因为 " 吊杆 " 用气锤将另一端砸碎,把巨大的梁紧密地连在一起。
The best crews were from the Mohawk Nation—Native Americans from New York State who could set a rivet every minute.
最好的船员来自莫霍克族——来自纽约州的美国原住民,他们可以每分每秒设立一支队伍。
Water boys, some as young as sixteen years old, walked the high beams, too, carrying buckets of cool drinking water to the crews.
水男孩,有的年仅16岁,也走高梁出行,给船员装了一桶凉快的饮用水.
Some thought it was fun working on the beams, but they quickly learned to focus only on the end of the beam they were on and not to look down.
一些人认为在取梁上工作很有趣,但他们很快学会了只把注意力集中在取梁后端,而不要往下看.
Riveters worked far above the ground floor.
里维特斯在地上工作
The Chrysler Building is in the background.
克赖斯勒大楼位于背景.
Huge cranes were used to move giant beams into place.
巨型起重机被用来把巨型梁移到原地
Zoom to the Top Smith and Raskob were in a big hurry to get their skyscraper finished.
放大到Top Smith和Raskob 急于完成他们的摩天大楼.
Their investors couldn’t make money until the building was rented, so everything was planned for speed— even the design of the building.
他们的投资者在租房之前是无法赚钱的,
The architect, William F.
建筑师威廉·F.
Lamb, chose the art deco style for the building because it was a popular modern look that often used machine-made and ready-to-use supplies.
Lamb,为建筑选择了艺术deco风格,因为它是一种受欢迎的现代外观,经常使用机器制造和即用用品.
For example, the steel beams arrived with rivet holes predrilled, so the building went up at the incredible rate of four-and-a-half floors each week.
例如,钢梁被预先挖出后被打出活口来,于是建筑以每周四层半的不可思议的速度上升.
The outside wall was perfectly designed for rapid construction, too.
外墙的设计也非常适合快速建造.
Columns of windows and metal plates rose next to columns of stone, all of which arrived ready to use.
窗户和金属板的柱子起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起
On the upper tower, workers finished the outside at a rate of one floor per day.
在上层塔上,工人以每天一楼的速度完成外出.
By August, the workforce swelled to more than 3,500 workers on the site in a single day.
至8月,工地一日就膨胀到3500多名工人.
There were more than 60 different kinds of workers on the job.
从事该工作的工人有60多种.
The plumbers needed pipe.
水管工需要水管
The bricklayers needed bricks.
砌砖人需要砖头.
Every worker needed supplies.
每个工人都需要用品。
In those days, supplies were moved by wheelbarrow, but in such a large building, this method was too slow.
在那些年代,补给被"推车"所移动,但在如此庞大的建筑中,这种方法太慢了.
Instead, the builders laid tracks around each floor and even in the elevators.
相反,建造者在每一层甚至电梯上铺设了铁轨。
As supplies were delivered, they were loaded straight into big carts.
随着物资的运送,他们被直接装入了大车.
Then workers pushed the carts along the tracks into elevators and around the floors quickly.
随后工人将沿铁轨的推车推入电梯并迅速绕入地板.
With so many workers, there were plenty of injuries, so the builders opened their own hospital right in the building.
工地如此多,伤势也相当多,于是建造者就在楼内开了自己的医院.
In the fall, workers reached the smaller upper floors of the tower, and the pace of the work quickened.
秋天,工人到达了塔楼更小的上层,工作速度也加快了.
By summer, the steel grid reached the 40th floor, and the outside wall was catching up.
至夏季,钢网已通到40层,外墙正在追上.
Plumbers, electricians, and carpenters worked on the inside as the outside rose.
管子,电工,木匠在外出兴起时在内部工作.
The large number of workers even made lunch a problem.
大量工人甚至使午餐成为了问题.
With so many workers trying to get food at once, many started coming back late.
如此多的工人试图立刻获得食物,许多工人开始迟到.
Lateness was something the builders couldn’t tolerate because it slowed work down.
迟到是建筑者无法容忍的,
Their solution was to build cafeterias right on the site.
他们的解决方案是在现场建造食堂。
The first ones were on the 3rd, 9th, and 24th floors.
最早的是在三,九层和二十四层.
As the building grew taller, two more were added, one on the 47th floor and the other on the 64th floor.
随着建筑高高增加,又增加了两所,一所位于47层,一所位于64层.
The builders, or contractors, were supposed to stick to the schedule—and they did.
建造者或承包商应该遵守时间表,他们也遵守了时间表。
They not only planned everything, but they also kept track of everything—such as how many bricks were laid and how much plaster was applied.
他们不仅计划了一切,而且还记录了一切情况——例如铺了多少砖和施用了多少石膏。
With so much careful planning, you might think everything went well.
这么仔细的策划,你可能会觉得一切都很好。
It didn’t.
没有。
One plan was a huge failure.
一个计划是一个巨大的失败。
Al Smith wanted the spire that rose above the 86th floor to be a stopping spot for airships.
艾尔·史密斯希望86层以上升起的螺旋花能成为飞船的停放地.
These airships, or dirigibles, were the modern way to travel back then.
这些飞船,或者说潜水器,是当时的现代出行方式.
Smith said passengers could simply walk down a plank from a dirigible to the 102nd floor.
Smith说乘客可以直接从一平板上走下到102层.
Then they could take the elevator down and be on Fifth Avenue in minutes.
然后他们可以搭电梯下来 几分钟后到达第五大道
It all sounded great, but when the first airship got close to the mast, the winds were too strong.
听起来都很棒,但当第一艘飞船靠近桅杆时,风力太强.
The winds around the skyscraper are always too strong, so the plan was dropped.
摩天大楼周围的风向总是过于强烈,所以计划被放弃了.
From the street, thousands of people watched the dirigible Columbia fail in its attempt to pick up mail from the top of the Empire State Building in 1931.
从街上,有上千人观看了可飞的哥伦比亚号在1931年试图取取帝国大厦顶部的邮件而失败.
Some of the smaller upper floors went up at a rate of one floor per day.
一些更小的上层以每天一层的速度上升.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Al Smith Was Right!
艾尔·史密斯说得对!
The Empire State Building opened on May 1, 1931, a little over a year after the first steel columns were set in place.
帝国大厦于1931年5月1日开通,在第一批钢柱被设置后一年多一点.
The speed with which the tallest building in the world was constructed set a record that has not been broken to this day.
世界最高建筑的建造速度创下了至今没有被打破的纪录.
Just after the building’s fiftieth birthday, it was declared a landmark, which means that by law it must be preserved to appear just as it always has.
在大楼50岁生日之后,它就被宣布为地标,这意味着必须依法予以保留,使其能像往常一样出现。
Today the world’s most famous office building is still a prominent feature of New York City’s skyline.
今天,世界上最出名的办公楼仍然是纽约市天际线的突出特征.
Al Smith was absolutely right when he declared that the building had been built for generations to come.
阿尔·史密斯在宣布这座建筑是后世所建时绝对正确.
Glossary architect (n.)
词汇建筑师(n.)
a person who designs buildings (p.
设计建筑物的人(p.
11) art deco (n.)
11) 第11条 deco(n.
a bold style of decorative art, design, and architecture from the 1920s and 1930s that features strong lines and geometric shapes (p.
1920年代和1930年代以来的装饰艺术,设计,建筑的大胆风格,以强线和几何形状为特色(p.
11) barges (n.)
11) 驳船(不详)
boats with flat bottoms that carry freight, usually on a canal or river (p.
有平底船载货,通常在运河或河上行驶(p.
8) bedrock (n.)
8) 基石(n.)
a layer of solid rock underneath the ground’s surface (p.
地表下一层固体岩石(p.
8) cafeterias (n.)
8) 食堂(不详)
dining rooms where people are served at a counter (p.
在柜台为人们服务的餐厅(p.
13) construct (v.)
13) 构造(五.
to make or build something (p.
用于制造或建造某物(p.
7) demolish (v.)
7) 拆除(五.
to destroy completely, usually a building or other large object (p.
以完全摧毁,通常是指建筑物或其他大型物体(p.
8) invest (v.)
8) 投资(五.
to put money into a business opportunity that offers the possibility of future profit (p.
将资金投入一个能够提供未来利润可能性的商业机会(p.
7) rivets (n.)
7）铆钉（名词）
bits of metal that hold something together (p.
将某种东西粘在一起的金属(p.
10) skyscraper (n.)
10) 摩天大楼 (n.
a very tall building (p.
一个非常高的建筑(p.
4) spire (n.)
4）尖塔（名词）
the pointed top of a tower or other building (p.
塔或其他建筑的尖顶(p.
14) steel (n.)
14) 钢 (n.
a kind of strong metal made of iron and carbon (p.
由铁和碳(p.
9) On special holidays, the building uses its new LED lighting system, with sixteen million colors, to put on light shows.
9)特殊节日,该建筑使用其新的LED照明系统,有1600万个颜色,来进行灯光展示.