Australia
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Geography.
4 地理学。
6 Animals.
6动物.
8 The Outback.
8出击.
11 History.
11 历史.
13 Modern Australia.
13 现代澳大利亚。
19 Explore More.
19 探索更多。
23 Glossary.
23 词汇表。
24 Index.
24 指数。
24 Introduction The official name of Australia is the Commonwealth of Australia, but Australians call their land “Oz.”
导言 澳大利亚的官方名称是澳大利亚联邦,但澳大利亚人称其地为"Oz".
It is a place so unique, it might have come from a fantasy story rather than real life.
这是一个如此独特的地方, 它可能来自一个幻想故事 而不是真实的生活。
Many of the things you see in Australia, from the incredible landscapes to the amazing creatures, are unlike anything else on Earth.
在澳大利亚你看到的很多东西, 从不可思议的地貌到惊人的生物, 都与地球上其它的东西不同。
Australia has a rich and fascinating history.
澳大利亚历史丰富而迷人.
A group of people called Aborigines has lived in Australia for over 40,000 years.
一群叫"Abbrimen"的人在澳大利亚生活了4万多年.
Britain claimed Australia just over 200 years ago.
英国在200多年前就宣称是澳大利亚.
Since then, the country has changed from a small colony to a nation with approximately 22 million citizens.
从那时起,国家从一个小殖民地变成了一个拥有大约2200万公民的国家.
Australia is one of the world’s richest natural areas.
澳大利亚是世界上最丰富的自然地区之一。
Australia’s population is also unique.
澳大利亚的人口也是独特的.
Although Australia has lots of industry, most areas have almost no people.
虽然澳大利亚有很多工业,但大多数地区几乎没有人.
Those under- populated areas are known as the outback, and the people who live there have a frontier spirit, even in this day.
那些人口不足的地区被称为"出后",生活在那里的人们有边疆精神,即使在今天也是如此.
However, most Australians live in cities and lead modern lives.
然而,大多数澳大利亚人生活在城市并过着现代生活.
To learn more about the fascinating country called Australia, simply turn the page.
为了更多地了解这个叫澳大利亚的迷人国家,
Welcome to Australia!
欢迎来到澳大利亚!
Geography Australia is the only country that is also a continent (landmass).
地理学 澳大利亚是唯一也是大陆(英语:landmas)的国家.
Australia is the oldest continent, at 40 million years old, the smallest continent, and the world’s largest island!
澳大利亚是最古老的大陆,有4000万年的历史,最小的大陆,也是世界上最大的岛屿!
It is also the world’s flattest continent.
它也是世界上最平坦的大陆。
Australia is the sixth largest country in the world.
澳大利亚是世界第六大国家.
It is as large as the United States (not counting Hawaii and Alaska).
它与美国一样大(不包括夏威夷和阿拉斯加).
The continent covers 7,692,024 square kilometers (2,969,907 sq mi) of land.
该大陆占地7,692,024平方公里(2,969,907 sq mi).
Australia is located in the southern hemisphere (half of the earth).
澳大利亚地处南半球(地上之半).
The Indian Ocean borders Australia on the west and south, while the Pacific Ocean surrounds the northern and eastern edges.
印度洋以西和以南与澳大利亚接壤,而太平洋则环绕北部和东部边缘.
The country of Australia includes the island state of Tasmania, which is 240 kilometers (150 mi) off Australia’s southern tip, across the Bass Strait.
澳大利亚国家包括塔斯马尼亚岛国,距澳大利亚南端有240公里(150米),横跨巴斯海峡.
There are three main areas in Australia: the Western Plateau, the Central Lowlands, and the Eastern Highlands.
澳大利亚有三个主要地区:西高原,中低地和东部高地.
The Western Plateau, covering two-thirds of Australia, is a flat, dry, desert area with hot weather.
西部高原覆盖了澳大利亚的三分之二,是一个平坦而干燥,有炎热天气的沙漠地区.
Scientists have found the world’s oldest rocks in the Western Plateau.
科学家在西方高原发现了世界上最古老的岩石.
Dry grasslands are found in the Central Lowlands, where it is hot all year during the day, Most Australians live in coastal towns and cities, such as Sydney.
干燥的草地分布于中部低地,白天全年炎热,大多数澳大利亚人居住在沿海城镇和城市,如悉尼.
Range, part of the Eastern Highlands, holds rivers, valleys, and Australia’s highest mountains.
东部高地的一部分,
Animals Australia’s animals are amazing!
澳大利亚的动物是惊人的!
Because of the continent’s isolation and harsh conditions, animals seen nowhere else on Earth have developed.
由于非洲大陆的孤立和恶劣条件,地球上没有其他地方见到的动物得到发展。
Today, some of these animals are threatened (in danger of dying out and becoming extinct).
今天,其中一些动物受到威胁(濒临死亡和灭绝的危险).
As cities grow larger, the natural areas have grown smaller.
随着城市规模的扩大,自然区也逐渐缩小.
Homes and food for some animals are becoming scarce.
一些动物的家和食物越来越少.
devils, cockatoos, and frilled lizards have become symbols of Australia.
恶魔,公鸡,和花纹蜥蜴已经成为了澳大利亚的象征.
Only in Australia can you find a platypus.
只有澳洲才能找到活活泼活人
This unusual animal has four legs, fur, beady eyes, a tail like a beaver’s, a duck’s bill, and webbed feet.
这只不寻常的动物有四条腿,毛皮,有细眼,有尾巴,如海狸,有鸭子和被子脚。
When a British scientist first saw a platypus, he believed someone was playing a practical joke!
当一位英国科学家第一次看到"活活活"时,他相信有人在玩一个实用的玩笑!
An adult male platypus has a venomous spur on its back ankles.
一只成年雄性白yp鱼的后踝有毒刺.
Although a platypus is a mammal (a warm-blooded animal that nurses its young), females lay eggs.
虽然 是哺乳动物(一种温暖而鲜活的动物,为幼年人哺乳),但雌鸟产卵.
There are around 700 types of Australian snakes and lizards.
澳大利亚蛇和蜥蜴大约有700种.
When one lizard called a thorny devil feels threatened, it inflates with air to look bigger and shows its skin spikes.
当一只叫"棘地魔鬼"的蜥蜴感到被威胁时,它会用空气充气以看起来更大并显示其皮肤突起.
If it’s really scared, it tucks its head between its front legs, and a big spiny knob sticks out on the back of its neck—like a fake head.
如果它真的害怕,它就会把头套在前腿之间,一个大自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自来自
A thorny devil can eat thousands of ants in one day.
有刺鬼能于一日食取数千蚁.
Koalas look like teddy bears, but they aren’t bears at all.
科阿拉人看起来像泰迪熊,
They’re actually related to the kangaroo, another common Australian animal.
他们其实与袋鼠有关,
Koalas are the only animals besides primates (a group of animals that includes humans, apes, and monkeys) that have unique fingerprints.
除了灵长类动物(包括人类,猿人和猴子等一群动物)之外,科阿拉斯是唯一拥有独特指纹的动物.
Many of Australia’s mammals are marsupials.
澳大利亚的哺乳动物中有许多是野生动物。
A marsupial gives birth to a tiny, helpless baby that lives in a pouch or pocket on its mother’s body.
母亲身上有袋袋或口袋,
On other continents, most marsupials disappeared long ago.
在其他大陆上,大多数马苏比亚人早已消失.
But Australia’s isolation allowed marsupials to thrive.
但澳洲的孤立使得马赛人得以兴起.
Kangaroos, wallabies, and koalas are all marsupials.
甘加罗人,活活人,和克阿拉人都是马苏比人.
The animals on these pages are just a few of the large number of creatures found only in Australia!
这些页面上的动物只是只在澳大利亚发现的大量生物中的少数!
Koalas eat only one thing: eucalyptus leaves.
科阿拉斯只吃一分: eucalyptus叶.
The Outback The Australian outback is the huge dry inland area.
后卫 澳大利亚后背是巨大的内陆干燥地段.
Rain may not fall there for years at a time.
雨一次可能不会落下好几年。
There can be hundreds of miles between “towns,” which are usually just a few buildings.
“城镇”之间可能相去数百英里,这些城镇通常只是几所建筑。
The outback has enormous deserts.
后背有巨大的沙漠。
There are also some mountainous regions.
还有一些山区。
There are many colorfully gorgeous sights here: enormous golden plains, red rocks, and purple mountain ranges.
这里有许多彩色华丽的景点:巨大的金色平原,红色岩石和紫色山脉.
The landscape is empty and stretches forever.
地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地平地
This is truly frontier country for hardy pioneers.
对于强硬的先锋来说,这是真正的前沿国家。
If you visit the outback, keep your eye out for wild camels!
如果你去外后门 注意野生骆驼
The animals were brought there in the 1870s as desert transportation.
动物们在1870年代被带到那里作为沙漠运输.
Today, the largest number of wild camels in the world lives in the outback.
今天,世界上野生骆驼数量最多,生活在后背.
Some tourist places offer camel tours to visitors.
一些旅游地为游客提供骆驼旅游.
Some residents of the outback live and work on enormous ranches called stations.
背地里的一些居民在被称为"站"的巨大牧场上生活并工作.
Some stations are actually larger than some small countries!
有些台站实际上比一些小国大!
Other people work in mining and oil production.
其他人从事采矿和石油生产。
The only city in the outback, Alice Springs, welcomes tourists who come to visit Uluru.
外围唯一的城市爱丽丝·斯普林斯欢迎前来参观乌鲁鲁的游客.
Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock, is one of the most famous sights in Australia.
乌鲁鲁(英語:Ururu)又名阿耶斯岩,是澳大利亚最出名的景点之一.
Stations in the outback seem to go on forever.
站台在外侧似乎会永远地保持下去.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
The Great Barrier Reef, off the coast of Australia, is the largest coral reef system in the world.
大障碍 澳大利亚近海的珊瑚礁是世界上最大的珊瑚礁系统.
It is home to more than 2,000 types of fish, many types of coral, and other sea creatures, sea plants, and birds.
它拥有2000多类鱼类,多类珊瑚等海洋生物,海生植物和鸟类.
Just how big is the Great Barrier Reef?
大堡礁有多大?
You can actually see it from space!
你可以从太空里看出来!
History The first people living in Australia were the Aborigines.
历史 最早生活在澳大利亚的人是土著。
They probably traveled by sea from Asia more than 40,000 years ago.
它们大概在四万多年前从亚洲出海旅行.
By the time Europeans settled Australia, there may have been close to one million Aborigines in Australia.
到欧洲人定居澳大利亚时,澳大利亚境内可能已经有近一百万原住民.
The early Aborigines were nomads (people who moved frequently).
早期的土著是游牧民(经常迁移的人)。
They hunted and gathered food in small groups and lived in temporary mud homes.
他们以小分队打猎并收集食物,并住在临时的泥地中.
They had at least 300 different languages.
他们至少有300种不同的语言。
In the 17th century, Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish sailors viewed Australia from their ships.
17世纪,荷兰人,葡萄牙人和西班牙水手从他们的舰只上看待澳大利亚.
The Dutch landed in 1606 and explored for around 150 years, but decided the land was worthless.
荷兰人于1606年登陆并探索了约150年,但认定这片地没有价值.
In 1688, the first Englishman, William Dampier, arrived.
1688年,第一位英国人威廉·丹皮尔到来.
Although Dampier wasn’t impressed with Australia, he wrote a book about what he saw.
他写了一本关于所见所闻的书。
Finally, in 1770, an Englishman, Captain James Cook, arrived in Australia.
最终于1770年由英国人詹姆斯·库克船长抵达澳大利亚.
He claimed Australia’s east coast for Britain, calling it New South Wales.
他宣称澳大利亚为英国的东海岸,取名"新南威尔士".
Because of crowding in British prisons, England established a convict colony (a settlement of prisoners) in Australia.
由于英国监狱的拥挤,英格兰在澳大利亚建立了一个已定罪的殖民地(囚犯的安置地).
The first settlement had 759 prisoners (568 men and 191 women), 200 soldiers, and 40 wives and children of the soldiers.
第一个定居点有759名囚犯(568名男子和191名女子),200名士兵,40名士兵的妻子和子女。
These people lived in tents and ate native animals and food sent from England.
这些人住在帐篷里,吃着来自英国的本地动物和食物.
This drawing shows prisoners on a ship sailing to Botany Bay, Australia, in 1870.
这幅图画显示了1870年一艘航行到澳大利亚植物学湾的船上被俘.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Aborigines used boomerangs in games, to hunt and fight, and to build fires by rubbing the edges against other sticks.
原住民在游戏中使用了自来水来打猎和打斗,并用擦边来打倒其他棍子来建火.
The word boomerang simply means “throwing stick.”
boomerang一词仅指“扔出棍子。 “
Not all boomerangs were meant to come back to the thrower.
并不是所有的boomerangs 都是为了回到投球手。
By 8,000 bc, the Aborigines invented a “returning boomerang” that would swirl in the air and return to the thrower.
到了8000bc时,原住民发明出"回回出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出
Aborigines lived entirely off the animals and plants they hunted and gathered.
原生人完全生活在他们狩猎和采集的动物和植物上。
When that first settlement survived, more settlers began to arrive.
当第一个定居点活下来后,更多的定居者开始到来。
Free settlers set up farms, explored the land, and searched for minerals.
自由定居者建立农场,探索土地,并寻找矿物。
By the early 1800s, explorers had sailed around Australia and traveled through the interior.
至1800年代初期,探险家已经环游澳大利亚并穿梭于内地.
Different colonies (groups from distant lands, still tied to the parent country) settled throughout the continent during the 19th century.
19世纪期间,不同的殖民地(从远地来的群体,仍然与母国有联系)在整个大陆上定居.
The Aborigines did not fare well after Britain began colonizing Australia.
英国开始殖民澳大利亚后,原住民生活不顺利.
Many died due to new diseases brought into the country.
许多人被带入该国的新疾病所杀.
Others died because of fighting between the newcomers and the Aboriginal people.
其他人因为新来者与原住民之间的战斗而死.
In the 1850s, the British forced many of the surviving natives to live on reservations.
1850年代,英国人强迫许多幸存的原住民生活在保留地上.
Gold was discovered in New South Wales and in Victoria in 1851.
黄金于1851年被新南威尔士和维多利亚发现.
In the gold rush that followed, men from all over Australia, as well as European and Chinese immigrants, rushed to the gold fields.
在随后的淘金潮中,来自澳大利亚各地的男子,以及欧洲和中国移民,都匆忙地跑去淘金地.
Some found gold and became wealthy, while others did not.
有的发现金子并变得富有,有的则没有.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Six colonies were established by free settlers and former convicts during the 1700s and 1800s.
1700年代和1800年代,自由定居者和前罪犯建立了六个殖民地.
A worker pours liquid Australian gold into a mold to create a standard weight gold bar.
工人将澳大利亚液态黄金倒入模具中以产生出标准重量金条.
The colonies became states.
殖民地成为了州.
In 1901, they united under one government and called themselves the Commonwealth of Australia.
1901年,他们统一在一个政府之下,并自称"澳大利亚联邦".
Britain entered World War I in 1914, with Australia fighting alongside.
英国进入 1914年一战,澳大利亚并肩作战.
A huge depression (a period of poverty) struck Australia in 1929.
1929年澳大利亚陷入了巨大的萧条(贫困时期).
By 1931, one out of every three workers was unemployed, and many were homeless.
到1931年,每三名工人中就有一人失业,许多人无家可归.
Business and the economy improved from 1934 to 1937.
商业和经济从1934年到1937年有所好转.
During World War II, Australians fought alongside Allied soldiers.
二战期间,澳大利亚人与盟军士兵并肩作战.
Early Australian immigration (people moving into a country) laws had allowed mostly northern Europeans to enter the country.
澳大利亚早期的移民(迁入一个国家的人)法律允许大多数北欧人入境。
This changed in the 1960s and 1970s, allowing more Asian immigrants.
这在1960年代和1970年代有所改变,允许更多的亚洲移民.
In 1967, voters chose to include Aborigines as citizens in all the states for the first time.
1967年,选民首次选择将土著列为所有州的公民.
Some land rights were given to Aboriginal citizens in 1972.
1972年给予土著公民一些土地权。
Aborigines, Australia’s poorest group, struggle to maintain their rights even today.
原住民是澳大利亚最贫穷的群体,
Australian soldiers have fought in major wars.
澳大利亚士兵在重大战争中作战.
Modern Aborigines still fight against discrimination.
现代土著人仍然反对歧视。
Modern Australia Australia is a democracy, with three levels of government: local, state, and federal.
现代澳大利亚 澳大利亚是一个民主国家,有三级政府:地方、州和联邦。
The country’s leader, who is chosen by elected lawmakers, is called the Prime Minister.
国家领导人由民选议员选出,称为总理。
Australians speak English, and they pay for purchases with Australian dollars.
澳大利亚人会说英语,他们用澳大利亚元支付购买费.
Much of Australian culture comes from Britain.
澳大利亚文化多出自英国.
Australians still honor the queen of Britain as their ceremonial head of state.
澳大利亚人仍尊英国女王为他们的仪仗国家元首.
In 1999, Australians voted to keep this loyalty to Britain.
1999年,澳大利亚人投票维持这种对英国的忠诚.
In 2003, approximately 20 million people lived in Australia.
2003年,约有2 000万人生活在澳大利亚。
Of all Australians, about 92 percent are Caucasian, or white, and 7 percent are Asian.
在所有澳大利亚人中,约有92%是高加索人,或白人,7%是亚洲人.
Today, 350,000 Aboriginal people live in Australia.
今天,35万个 原住民居住在澳大利亚.
Almost every single Australian adult can read!
几乎每个澳大利亚成年人都识字!
About 90 percent of Australians live in cities.
约90%的澳大利亚人居住在城市.
Australian cities are modern, but they are long distances from each other.
澳大利亚城市是现代城市,但它们相距相去甚远.
Australia’s capital city is Canberra, which is within New South Wales.
澳大利亚首都堪培拉位于新南威尔士州内.
Although it is the center of politics and government, it has some small-town charms.
虽然它是政治和政府的中心,但它有一些小镇魅力.
There are only around 500,000 residents.
只有大约50万居民。
The city has art museums, the High Court of Australia, the Australian National University, and other important places.
该市有艺术博物馆,澳大利亚高等法院,澳大利亚国立大学等重要场所.
Looking down on Canberra Much of Australia is open ranch land with few roads.
在堪培拉一望,澳大利亚大部分地区是开放的牧场,公路很少。
Sydney is Australia’s largest city, with a population above four million.
悉尼是澳大利亚最大的城市,人口超过400万.
Within the city lie a business district, Chinatown, The Botanic Gardens, museums and art galleries, and many old buildings.
市内有商务区"唐人街","植物园",博物馆和美术馆等多所老建筑.
Surrounding the city are national parks filled with plants and animals.
城市周边是国家公园,充满了动植物.
Sydney is also home to some of the most beautiful beaches in the world.
悉尼也是世界上一些最美丽的海滩的所在地.
Australia’s other big cities include Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide.
澳大利亚的其他大城市包括墨尔本,布里斯班,珀斯和阿德莱德.
Like almost all of Australia’s cities, these are right along the coast.
与澳大利亚几乎所有的城市一样,这些城市都位于海岸一带。
At one time, the wool industry was Australia’s largest business, but that is no longer the case.
羊毛业一度是澳大利亚最大的企业,但情况已不再如此。
Major Australian industries include mining, the manufacture of industrial and transportation equipment, construction, food processing, chemicals, and steel.
澳大利亚的主要工业包括采矿、工业和运输设备的制造、建筑、食品加工、化学品和钢铁。
Some new industries are winemaking and tourism.
一些新的产业是酿酒和旅游.
The country’s natural resources include bauxite (a claylike material from which aluminum is obtained), coal, iron ore, copper, tin, silver, uranium, nickel, natural gas, and petroleum.
国家自然资源包括铝土(铝从中取出的一种粘土材料)、煤炭、铁矿石、铜、锡、银、铀、镍、天然气和石油。
Australia also exports meat, wool, wheat, sugar, and machinery.
澳大利亚还出口肉类、羊毛、小麦、糖和机械。
Sydney’s opera house is one of the most famous and unusual buildings in the world.
悉尼的歌剧院是世界上最出名和最不寻常的建筑之一.
While Australia has little farmland, it is rich in minerals and precious gems.
虽然澳大利亚的农田很少,但它拥有丰富的矿物和珍贵宝石。
Explore More 1 At the Library Ask your school or local librarian to help you find information about Australia.
在图书馆探索更多 1 请学校或当地图书馆管理员帮助您查找有关澳大利亚的信息。
You can look up books on Australian history, the outback, Aborigines, and modern Australia.
你可以查阅有关澳大利亚历史的书籍 外出者、原住民和现代澳大利亚的书籍。
You can also find many books on unusual Australian animals, such as kangaroos, wallabies, and koalas.
也能找到许多关于不寻常的澳大利亚动物的书籍,如袋鼠,壁鸟和可口可乐等.
A.
A组.
In the address window, type www.
在地址窗口中,输入www.
google.
Google (英语).
com.
电话
B.
毕.
Pick a subject you’d like to explore, such as the outback, and type it in the search window.
选择一个您想要探索的主题, 如后台, 在搜索窗口中输入 。
Click on “Google Search.”
单击“谷歌搜索”。 “
C.
C组
Read the colored links.
读取有色链接.
Click on one that looks interesting.
点击一个看起来很有趣。
D.
D类.
If you want to explore more links, click on the “Back” arrow on the top left.
如果您想要探索更多链接, 请点击左上方的 “ 回” 箭头 。
E.
（字母E）
Try searching for other subjects, such as kangaroos, Aborigines, Sydney, or other topics.
尝试寻找其他主题,如袋鼠,原生地,悉尼等.
Australia produces a diverse selection of movies, music, art, and theater.
澳大利亚制作了各种电影、音乐、艺术和戏剧。
Ask your teacher, parent, or librarian to help you find films that take place in Australia or music that comes from Australia.
请您的老师,家长或图书管理员帮助您找到发生在澳大利亚的电影或来自澳大利亚的音乐.
You might be surprised by the richness of Australia’s landscape and modern culture.
澳大利亚的地貌和现代文化丰富,