You Can Visit
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Introduction Writers in ancient Greece loved to describe their world.
古希腊的作家喜欢描述他们的世界。
They especially enjoyed making lists of the great “wonders” they saw or heard about.
他们特别喜欢列出他们所看到或听到的伟大“魔王”的名单。
As more people traveled, the list kept changing, but eventually a final list of significant sites emerged.
随着更多的人出行,名单不断变化,但最终出现了一份重要网站的最终名单.
The sites became known as the Seven Great Wonders of the World.
这些网站被取名"世界七大奇迹".
These remarkable structures were built from about 2500 to 290.
这些引人注目的建筑建于约2500至290年.
Today, we would call these unusual places “must-sees.”
今天,我们称这些不寻常的地方为“必须看看的地方”。 “
Of the original seven wonders, only the Great Pyramids of Giza in Egypt still stand today.
在最初的七大奇观中,只有埃及的吉萨大金字塔今天还站着.
However, modern archaeologists continue to excavate and restore the site of the city of Babylon— and may someday verify the location of the ancient Hanging Gardens.
然而,现代考古学家继续出土并恢复了巴比伦城址——可能有一天会验证古代杭花花园的位置.
Seven Wonders of the Ancient World M New Wonders to Explore Following the idea of those ancient list makers, this book will take a look at the Seven New Wonders of the World.
古代世界的"七大奇想"("七大奇想")M"新奇想"来探索那些古代的列表制作人的想法后,这本书将取景"世界七大新奇想".
These new wonders were built in more recent times, and all of them can be visited today.
这些新的奇迹是在更近的时代所建造的,今天都可以参观.
The New Wonders list was created from votes cast by more than 100 million people.
"新奇才"名单由一亿多民众投票产生.
You may think of other sites you would add to the list, but these seven received the most votes.
你可能会想到其他网站 你会添加到名单上, 但这七个得到了最多的选票。
The Pyramid at Chichen Itza Chichen Itza (chee-CHEN-eet-SAH) was once a great religious center in Mexico.
在Chichen Itza Chichen Itza (Chee-CHEN-eet-SAH)的活佛曾经是墨西哥的一个伟大的宗教中心.
It was founded by a group of Maya called the Itza in about 600.
它由一群玛雅人创建,约600年被称作"伊扎".
The Itza lived there until about 1200.
伊扎人在那里居住到大约1200年.
The name Chichen Itza means “mouth of the well of the Itza.”
Chichen Itza这个名字的意思是“Itza的井口”。
Chichen Itza was about four square miles in size and had several temples, an observatory, a large public market, a sacred ball court, and large areas for public events and worship.
Chichen Itza的大小大约为四平方英里,拥有多座寺庙,一个天文台,一个大型的公共市场,一个神圣的球场,以及用于公共活动和礼拜的大片区域.
The most famous structure at the site is a large pyramid, which the Spanish invaders named El Castillo (the castle).
该地最出名的结构是一座大金字塔,西班牙入侵者取名"埃尔·卡斯蒂略"(城堡).
The four-sided pyramid is about 24 meters (79 ft) high and 58 meters (190 ft) wide at its base.
四边形金字塔高约24米(79英尺),基部宽约58米(190英尺).
It was built on top of a smaller, older temple that contained a statue of the god Chac Mool and a red jaguar figure decorated with jade.
它建于一座更小,更古老的寺庙上方,内有神查克·穆尔活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛
Archaeologists say the Maya designed the pyramid as a type of calendar.
考古学家说,玛雅人将金字塔设计为一种日历.
The pyramid has a total of 365 steps—one for each day of the year.
该金字塔共有365个台阶——每年每天一个.
Christ the Redeemer Statue High on a mountain above Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, stands a tall, robed figure with its arms outstretched—the statue of Christ the Redeemer.
巴西里约热内卢上方的一座山上,
Finished in 1931, it is the largest art deco–style statue in the world.
1931年完工,是世界上最大的艺术装饰雕像。
It is the newest of the Seven New Wonders of the World.
这是世界上最新的七大奇迹之一
The statue stands atop the 710-meter (2,330 ft) tall Corcovado Mountain overlooking the city of Rio de Janeiro.
雕像矗立在高710米(2,330英尺)的科克多山上,俯瞰里约热内卢市.
It can be seen from almost anywhere in the city.
从市内几乎任何地方都可以看到.
The statue, including its base, towers 38 meters (125 ft) above the mountaintop.
雕像包括它的基座,塔高38米(125英尺),上方为山顶.
Over time, wind and rain damaged its surface.
随着时间的推移,风和雨破坏了它的地表.
In 2010, a $4 million project returned the statue to perfect condition.
2010年,一个400万美元的项目将雕像还给完美状态.
Visitors can ride to the top of Corcovado Mountain in a small electric train.
游客可以乘坐小型电动列车去科克多山顶.
The train was originally built to carry the building supplies for the statue.
列车最初是为了为雕像运送建筑用品而建造.
From the mountaintop, there is a sweeping, 360-degree view of Rio de Janeiro, the mountains and forests, the city’s famous beaches, and the bay.
从山顶上可以看到一幅宽阔的360度的里约热内卢景色,山地和森林,该市著名的海滩和海湾.
The Taj Mahal The Taj Mahal in Agra, India, ranks among the world’s most beautiful and famous buildings.
泰姬陵园 印度阿格拉的泰姬陵是世界上最美丽和出名的建筑之一.
It’s often called a “monument to love.”
这经常被称为“爱的纪念品”。 “
The gleaming white Taj Mahal is, in fact, a mausoleum for tombs.
闪闪发光的白色泰姬陵其实是一座为墓而建的陵墓.
It was built in the 1600s by the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan.
它由莫古尔皇帝沙阿·贾汉所建于1600年代.
The Moguls (or Mughals) were Muslim invaders who ruled most of India in the 1500s and 1600s.
莫古尔人(或作莫卧儿人)是1500年代和1600年代统治了印度大部分地区的穆斯林入侵者.
Shah Jahan ordered the design of the Taj Mahal in 1631 to hold the tomb of a beloved wife.
沙阿·贾汉于1631年下令设计了泰姬陵,以守住相爱的妻子之墓.
She had died that year in childbirth.
她当年死于分娩。
It took until 1648 to finish the building.
直到1648年才完成这栋建筑.
Her name, Mumtaz Mahal, means “Chosen One of the Palace” and Taj Mahal means “Crown Palace.”
她的名字Mumtaz Mahal意为“宫殿之一”而Taj Mahal意为“克洛恩宫”。 “
The Taj Mahal is made of white marble that glows pale pink in the sunset.
泰姬陵由白色的大理石所出,在日出时会发出苍白的粉红色.
The building’s design combines Persian, Central Asian, and Islamic styles.
该建筑的设计融合了波斯,中亚,和伊斯兰风格.
The Taj Mahal is topped by a large dome and has four slender towers called minarets.
泰姬陵被一大型穹顶所顶,并有四座被称作"尖塔"的更细的塔.
It sits within a vast garden and has a long narrow pool that leads to the entrance.
它坐落在宽阔的花园内,并有很长的狭窄的池子通向入口.
Everything fits together in perfect harmony, and the beauty of the total effect always amazes visitors.
一切都融为一体 完美和谐 整体效果的美丽 总是让人惊叹
The Roman Colosseum The Colosseum in Rome, Italy, is one of the most famous landmarks of the ancient world.
罗马会馆 意大利罗马会馆(Colosseum)是古代世界最出名的地标之一.
It was built almost 2,000 years ago at the height of the Roman Empire’s power.
它建于近2000年前,是在罗马帝国势力最盛时期.
At least 50,000 people could be seated inside the arena to watch athletic events, circus acts, races, and many bloody contests.
至少有5万人可以坐在竞技场内观看体育赛事,马戏表演,比赛,以及许多血腥的比赛.
The Colosseum is best known for fights to the death between trained fighters called gladiators.
竞技场最出名的是 被训练有素的斗士击毙
Gladiators also fought wild animals such as tigers, bears, and elephants, and the animals also fought each other.
角斗士还出战了虎,熊等野生动物,并出战了大象,而动物们也相争相取胜.
Below the wooden Colosseum floor were rooms where gladiators could wait for their turn to fight.
木屋地板下方是角斗士们可以等待他们转身战斗的房间.
Rows of cages kept the animals apart.
数行的笼子把动物分开
Hand-turned elevators and ramps raised and lowered gladiators and animals to or from the arena.
手转电梯和坡道将角斗士和动物抬起并降低到竞技场或从场.
After the Romans lost power in the late 400s, the Colosseum slowly fell apart.
在后400年代罗马人失去权力后,克洛塞姆人慢慢地分崩离析.
Its outer walls were damaged by a strong earthquake, and people took away many of its stones.
它的外墙被强烈地震所破坏,人们夺走了它的许多石头.
A major project was begun in 2011 to rebuild and save its walls.
2011年开始了重建并挽救城墙的重大项目.
The Colosseum is often the first landmark visitors want to see in Rome, and it’s visited by almost four million people each year.
Colosseum经常是第一个希望在罗马参观的标志性游客,每年有近400万人参观。
The Great Wall of China For much of its early history, China suffered attacks by invaders from the north.
中国长城 中国在其早期历史的大部分时间里,都遭受了北方入侵者的攻击.
To protect against those attacks, Chinese rulers built a series of walls along the nation’s northern border.
为了防范这些袭击,中国统治者沿国家北部边境修建了一连串围墙。
The earliest walls were built from the 700s to the 300s.
最早的城墙由700年代建造到300年代.
In the 200s, the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huangdi, joined many of the separate walls into one.
二百年代,中国第一任皇帝秦世黄帝将许多相隔的城墙合为一.
It became known as the Great Wall of China.
被誉为"中国长城".
The original wall had been made of packed earth and rocks.
最初的墙是用被打碎的地和岩石砌成的。
The later Ming emperors changed it into a sturdy stone barrier.
后明帝将其改为坚固的石屏障.
They also added many guard towers, so that soldiers could see for long distances.
他们也增加了许多守卫塔,使士兵能够长距离看到.
The new wall stretched for about 8,850 kilometers (5,500 mi).
新墙绵延了约8,850公里(5,500米).
A longer, stronger wall didn’t save the Ming from all attacks.
更坚固的一堵墙并不能使明人免于一切攻击。
In 1644, the dynasty fell to northern invaders called the Manchu.
1644年,王朝被北伐后称为"满洲".
After the Manchu wars, weaker sections of the wall began to fall apart.
满洲战争后,城墙较弱的部分开始分崩离析.
Local farmers took away some of the stones to build their homes.
当地农民取走部分石块来建造家园.
In recent years, several sections of the wall have been rebuilt, so that visitors can see how it once looked.
近年来,几段墙被重建了,这样参观者就能看到它曾经的样子.
Machu Picchu The Native American Incas created the greatest empire that ever existed in the Americas.
马丘比丘 美洲原住民印加人创造了美洲历史上最伟大的帝国.
When the Spanish invaders arrived in Peru in the 1500s, they destroyed many of the Inca cities.
1500年代西班牙入侵者到达秘鲁后,他们摧毁了印加的许多城市.
But they didn’t find the remote mountaintop site of Machu Picchu (MAH-choo PEE-choo).
但他们没有找到马丘比丘(MAH-choo PEE-choo)的偏远山顶遗址.
It remained untouched, high in the Andes Mountains, for centuries after the Inca had left it.
在印加人离开安第斯山脉之后的几个世纪里,该地一直没有受到任何影响,在安第斯山脉地势很高。
Machu Picchu almost disappeared under jungle growth, but local farmers knew it was there.
马楚比丘几乎在丛林生长下消失,但当地农民知道那里有.
In 1911, they showed the site to an explorer named Hiram Bingham.
1911年,他们将该地展示给一位叫希拉姆·宾汉姆的探险家.
Bingham uncovered buildings, mapped the site, took photographs, and wrote about what he had seen.
宾汉姆揭开建筑物,绘制了现场地图,拍摄了相片并写下了他所看到的.
Machu Picchu’s temples, storage structures, observatory, and houses were built of finely cut stones fitted closely together without mortar.
马楚比丘的寺庙、储藏所、天文台和房屋都是用精密的石头建造的,没有迫击炮。
The steep hillsides below the city had long terraces for farming.
城下陡峭的山坡有很长的梯田进行耕作.
About 1,000 people lived there, but archaeologists aren’t sure of Machu Picchu’s purpose.
大约1000人住在那里,但考古学家对马楚比丘的目的并不确定.
The city may have been used for worship and ritual—or as a winter palace for Inca rulers.
这座城市可能被用作礼拜和仪式——或者作为印加统治者的冬季宫殿.
Today, Machu Picchu is among the hundred most endangered sites in the world.
现今,马丘比丘是世界上最濒危地之一.
To protect the site, no more than 2,500 visitors are allowed per day.
为了保护网站,每天不超过2 500名访客。
Petra Imagine a city carved from solid rock.
佩特拉想象一个由坚固的岩石所雕刻的城市.
Petra, an ancient city in the Middle Eastern nation of Jordan, was carved out of pink and gray sandstone cliffs about 2,000 years ago.
佩特拉(英語:Petra)是约旦中东民族的一座古城,出自约2000年前的粉灰色砂岩悬崖.
The word petra means rock.
petra一词意为"岩石".
An ancient Arab tribe shaped solid cliffs and narrow canyons into over 500 temples, houses, stores, a theater, and tombs.
一个古老的阿拉伯部落将坚固的悬崖和狭窄的峡谷塑造成500多所寺庙,房屋,商店,剧院和坟墓.
Ancient Petra stood at a place where two main trade routes met.
古老的佩特拉站在两个主要贸易路线交汇的地方。
Tired traders and their camel caravans would stop at the city to rest and get food and water.
疲劳的商人和他们的骆驼大篷车会停在城市休息并取来食物和水.
Over many years, trade routes moved to other areas.
多年来,贸易路线转移到了其他地区.
The rock city hidden in the canyons was forgotten.
隐入峡谷的岩城被遗忘了.
It was finally rediscovered by a Swiss explorer, Johann Burckhardt, in 1812.
它最终被瑞士探险家约翰·伯克哈特于1812年重新发现.
To enter Petra, visitors must walk, ride a horse, or ride in a horse-drawn cart through a long, narrow canyon entrance called the Siq.
要进入佩特拉,参观者必须步行,骑一匹马,或骑一匹被拖入马车的马车从一个被叫作"西克"的长而狭窄的峡谷出入口.
At the end of the Siq entrance stands the most famous building in Petra, the Treasury.
在西克出入口的尽头矗立着佩特拉最出名的建筑"国库".
It is just the first of many fantastic sights of Petra, a city carved from stone.
它只是佩特拉众多奇妙景点中的第一个 从石头上雕刻出的城市
Conclusion The Seven New Wonders of the World are amazing structures.
结论 "世界七大新奇"造型惊人.
But our modern world is a much bigger place than the world of the ancient Greeks.
但我们的现代世界比古希腊人的世界要大得多.
It is difficult to limit a list of today’s wonders to just seven.
很难将今天的奇迹限制在七个。
On the next three pages are examples of other famous or unusual buildings, structures, and statues that exist today.
后三页有其他出名或不寻常的建筑,结构,和如今所存在的雕像等例子.
Which would you vote to include on a list of New Wonders of the World?
你会选哪一个列入世界新奇人物名单?