Animal Discoveries
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Monkey Mania.
(原始内容存档于2019-10-29). 4 Monkey Mania.
5 Freaky, Fabulous Frogs.
5个怪胎 出名的青蛙
6 Furry Finds.
6"毛地寻".
8 Interesting Invertebrates.
8 有趣的无脊椎动物.
9 Underwater Wonders.
9"水下奇观".
11 Hiding in Plain View.
11 在平原景区隐藏.
13 What’s Next?
13 接下来是什么?
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Introduction Question: If you wanted to discover a new animal species, where would you look?
16 导言问题: 如果你想发现新的动物物种,你会看哪里?
Answer: In places nobody has looked before.
答复: 在以前没人看过的地方
Many newly discovered species are found on expeditions to remote corners of Earth.
许多新发现的物种在远征地球角时被发现.
Other species may be discovered under a microscope.
其他物种可能在显微镜下被发现.
A species’ DNA can set it apart from other species that may look the same.
一个物种的DNA可以将其与其他可能看起来相同的物种区分开来.
Some new life forms, though, are found in places people pass by every day.
然而,在人们每天经过的地方发现了一些新的生命形式。
Scientists discover more than 15,000 animal species each year.
科学家每年发现的动物物种有15,000多只.
That’s about 1 percent of the more than 1.
这大约是超过1分的1%。
5 million species we know about already.
已经有500万种了
At the same time, extinction is wiping out species at record rates around the globe.
与此同时,灭绝正在以创纪录的速度在全球消灭物种。
So each new species is an exciting and important discovery.
所以每个新物种都是令人兴奋的重要发现.
Congo: lesula monkey 2 Colombia: Caquetá titi monkey 3 Borneo: Matang narrow-mouthed frog 4 New Guinea: long- nosed tree frog, blossom bat 5 Madagascar: Goodman’s mouse lemur 6 Brazil: Sazima’s tarantula 7 Brazil, Amazon Rainforest: troll-haired planthopper 8 Atlantic Ocean: Gorgon’s head starfish 9 Indonesia: walking bamboo shark 0 Ecuador and Colombia: olinguito a Cambodia: Cambodian tailorbird Where Were They Found?
刚果:鼠猴 2 哥伦比亚: (原始内容存档于2017-10-21). Caquetá titi monkey 3 Borneo: 新几内亚:长鼻树蛙,花蝙蝠5 马达加斯加: 古德曼的老鼠狐猴 6. 巴西:萨齐马的狼蛛 7. 巴西,亚马逊雨林:巨头花生植物 8 大西洋:高冈头海星. 印尼:走竹鲨. 厄瓜多尔和哥伦比亚:奥林吉多一柬埔寨:柬埔寨裁缝鸟. 他们在哪里找到的?
AUSTRALIA ASIA AFRICA EUROPE SOUTH AMERICA NORTH AMERICA PACIFIC OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN ATLANTIC OCEAN The Bonaire banded box jellyfish’s scientific name is Tamoya ohboya.
南美洲-北太平洋-印度洋-大洋洲 博奈尔乐队的盒子水母的科学名称是Tamoya ohboya。
The name was chosen in a contest.
名字是在比赛中选择的.
The winner said most people would say “Oh boy!”
获胜者说大多数人会说“哦,孩子!”
when seeing the jellyfish.
看到水母的时候
Monkey Mania In 2007, a new species of monkey was identified in the remote forests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
猴子疯人院 2007年,在刚果民主共和国的偏远森林中发现了一新品种的猴子.
The lesula has large, expressive eyes.
耳膜有大而显性的眼睛。
It is described as shy and quiet.
它被描述为害羞和安静。
The first one found by scientists was being kept as a girl’s pet.
科学家发现的第一件被保存为女孩的宠物.
The lesula was the first new species of monkey found in twenty-eight years.
les(学名:Lesula)为猕猴桃科猕猴桃属下的一个种,为二十八年来发现的第一个新种.
Yet in 2010, scientists found another new monkey by listening to its complex calls.
然而在2010年,科学家们通过聆听其复杂的呼声发现了又一只新猴子.
The Caquetá titi monkey lives in the Amazon jungle of Colombia, along with about twenty other species of titi monkey.
卡克塔克(Caquetá titi)猴与约20个其他种类的titi猴一起生活在哥伦比亚亚马逊丛林.
What sets it apart from other titi monkeys is its bushy red beard and the absence of a white bar on its forehead.
与其它巨型猴不同的是 它的灌木丛多红胡子 额上没有白条
Another unique feature of this species: Its babies purr like cats.
本物种的另一个独特特征是: 它的婴儿像猫一样
A healthy population of these monkeys should be in the thousands.
这些猴子的健康人口应该数以千计。
However, fewer than 250 Caquetá titi monkeys are thought to exist today.
然而,目前被认为只有不到250只Caquetá titi猴.
So the newly discovered titi monkey is already considered endangered.
因此新发现的巨猴已经被认为是濒危.
Freaky, Fabulous Frogs No bigger than a pea, the Matang narrow- mouthed frog is one of the smallest known frogs in the world.
怪怪的,出众的青蛙 不比豌豆大,马唐窄口青蛙是世界上已知最小的青蛙之一.
It was discovered on Borneo, an island in Southeast Asia, in 2010.
它于2010年被东南亚的一个岛屿婆罗洲所发现.
Although examples of these frogs are found in century-old museum collections, scientists simply thought they were juveniles of a different species.
虽然这些青蛙的例子出现在有上个世纪历史的博物馆藏品中,但科学家只是简单地认为它们是不同物种的少年.
They learned otherwise when they heard the frogs calling at dusk from pitcher plants.
他们听到青蛙在黄昏时从投子植物中呼唤,就学到了别的东西.
Since only adult frogs make calls, scientists concluded that these tiny frogs must be full-grown.
由于只有成年青蛙发出呼叫,科学家得出结论,这些小青蛙必须已经完全成熟.
Caquetá titi monkey Do You Know?
卡克塔克一头猴子 你知道吗?
Pitcher plants are important to the Matang narrow- mouthed frog.
坑口花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花被花活活活活活活活.
Female frogs deposit their eggs on the sides of the pitcher, and tadpoles grow in the liquid that gathers inside the plant.
雌蛙将卵子放入投子的侧面, ta子会生长于植物内部聚集的液体中.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Lemurs are only found in Madagascar.
莱穆斯只存在于马达加斯加.
A herpetologist discovered another frog species, the long-nosed tree frog, during an expedition to the Foja Mountains of New Guinea in 2010.
2010年在对新几内亚的福贾山脉进行探险时,一位草原学家发现了另一个青蛙物种"长鼻树蛙".
The area is so remote, and so recently explored, that it has been nicknamed the “Lost World.”
该地区非常遥远,最近也进行了探索,因此被称为“迷失世界”。 “
This tree frog is notable not for its size but rather for its long, unique nose.
这棵树蛙的出名不是因为它的大小,而是因为它的长而独特的鼻子.
When the male frog calls, its nose points upward like a spike.
当雄蛙叫唤时,它的鼻子会像尖刺一样向上指向上.
When the frog is done calling, its nose falls.
当青蛙打完电话时,它的鼻子会倒下.
No one knows why.
没人知道原因
The frog has a nickname: the Pinocchio frog.
青蛙有外号:皮诺曹青蛙.
The herpetologist spotted it sitting on a bag of rice in his campsite.
草原学家发现它坐在他营地一袋大米上。
Furry Finds Another find from the same 2010 Foja Mountains expedition was the blossom bat.
毛细查找 2010年的同名福加山脉探险队的另一项发现是花蝙蝠.
Although bats are mammals, this one has been called the “hummingbird of the bat world.”
虽然蝙蝠是哺乳动物,但这个被称为“蝙蝠世界的蜂鸟”。 “
It uses its long tongue to drink nectar from the flowers of rainforest trees.
它用长舌来喝取雨林树花的花蜜.
A 2005 expedition to another island—Madagascar—uncovered Goodman’s mouse lemurs.
2005年前往另一个岛屿——马达加斯加——的一次探险,未发现古德曼的老鼠狐猴。
Not much bigger than mice, these tiny lemurs jump around in the trees at night.
这些小狐猴晚上会跳到树上
In the daytime, they sometimes sleep in vacant birds’ nests.
在白天,它们有时会睡在空闲的鸟巢中.
When the blossom bat feeds on nectar, it also helps pollinate the flower, which can then make seeds to grow new plants.
当花花蝙蝠以花蜜为食后,还有助于为花花授粉,花能再生出种子来培育出新的植物.
The long-nosed tree frog is also known as the spike-nosed tree frog.
长鼻树蛙又名刺鼻树蛙.
Interesting Invertebrates Scientists estimate that vertebrates—animals with backbones—represent only 3 percent of all species.
有趣的无脊椎动物科学家估计,脊椎动物——有脊椎的动物——只占所有物种的3%。
They include those species that are the most familiar (and similar) to us: amphibians, reptiles, birds, fish, and mammals.
它们包括我们最熟悉(和相似)的物种:两栖动物、爬行动物、鸟类、鱼类和哺乳动物。
The remaining 97 percent of animal species known to science are invertebrates—animals without backbones.
科学所知的其余97%的动物物种是无脊椎动物——无脊椎动物.
Tarantulas can be one of the more frightening invertebrates.
塔兰图拉斯可能是更可怕的无脊椎动物之一.
They’re big and hairy, come in about nine hundred species, and are predators.
大约九百个物种,
The largest species can kill small mammals, lizards, and birds.
最大的物种可以杀死小型哺乳动物,蜥蜴和鸟类.
Sazima’s tarantula, however, has a special beauty.
然而,萨齐马的狼蛛有着特殊的美丽.
Its dark blue body almost glows.
它的深蓝色身体几乎发光.
This fantastic arachnid has an extremely limited habitat, only living high in the mountains of Brazil.
这个奇妙的阿拉克尼德的栖息地极其有限,只活在巴西山区高地上.
The “troll-haired” planthopper, discovered in 2013 in the rainforest of South America, may not be good-looking, but at least it has good hair.
2013年在南美洲雨林中出土的"巨发"植物hopper可能不好看,但至少有好发型.
The wild hair isn’t hair at all, but instead waxy secretions from the insect’s belly.
野生发型根本不是发型,
When a predator attacks, the “hair” breaks off, and the planthopper can jump to safety.
当掠食者发动攻击时,“发条”会断裂,而被植入的hopper能跳入安全地带。
That’s the theory, anyway.
这就是理论,
Scientists aren’t sure yet.
科学家还不确定。
Sazima’s tarantulas are only found in the tabletop mountains of Brazil.
萨齐马的蛛类动物只在巴西平顶山出土.
These mountains have a different climate than the surrounding area.
这些山脉的气候与周边地区不同.
Like most insects, planthoppers go through stages of development.
与大多数昆虫一样,植物hopper也经历了发育阶段.
This young planthopper is just beginning to develop wings.
这只幼小的 plant才刚开始发育出翅膀.
Underwater Wonders Scientists discovered the Gorgon’s head starfish in 2010, about half a mile (800 m) beneath the surface of the North Atlantic Ocean.
水下奇观科学家于2010年在北大西洋地表下约半英里(800米)处发现了高冈人头海星.
The Gorgon’s head, a species of basket star, has five curly, branching arms that split off from its body.
Gorgon的头是篮子星的一种,有5个卷曲的分枝臂从身体上分出.
The five arms include as many as five thousand tips.
这五只手臂包括多达五千个小费.
The tips help this basket star feed on plankton and shrimp floating by in the water.
小费帮助这个篮子明星 以浮游于水中的浮游生物和虾为食.
It also uses its arms to walk along the seabed.
它还用手臂沿着海底行走。
They even protect the animal when it’s disturbed by curling around it to form a tight ball.
他们甚至保护动物, 当动物被卷起,
Since Earth’s oceans are vast, large portions have yet to be explored.
由于地球的海洋广阔,大片区域尚待探索。
However, that’s not the reason it took until 2013 to discover the walking bamboo shark.
但2013年前发现行走的竹鲨,
Like most sharks, the walking bamboo shark is no threat to humans.
像大多数鲨鱼一样,行走的竹鲨对人类没有威胁.
It lives off the coast of Indonesia.
它生活在印度尼西亚沿海.
Scientists discovered it because its coloration differs from that of other bamboo sharks.
科学家发现它是因为其颜色与其他竹鲨不同.
This new species is thought to reach about 30 inches (80 cm) in length.
这个新物种被认为长度可达约30英寸(80厘米).
It uses its fins to push itself along the ocean floor in search of food.
它利用它的鳍沿着洋底自取其用来寻找食物.
The wiggling movement makes it look as though the shark is walking.
摇晃的动作让人觉得鲨鱼在行走
Because these sharks are so rare, the government of Indonesia is taking steps to protect them.
由于这些鲨鱼非常罕见,印尼政府正在采取措施保护它们.
The Gorgon’s head starfish is named for the Gorgons from Greek mythology.
高贡头海星取自希腊神话中的高贡名.
These creatures had hundreds of snakes on their heads instead of hair.
这些生物头上有上百条蛇而不是发型.
The walking bamboo shark has different patterns of spots and bands than other bamboo sharks.
行走的竹鲨与其他竹鲨相比有不同的斑点和带状.
Hiding in Plain View The olinguito (oh-lin-GEE-toh) managed to escape notice for so long by being mistaken for something else.
隐藏在平面视图 欧林基多(Oh-lin-GEE-toh)因被误认为别的东西而成功逃脱了这么久的注意.
In 2013, researchers discovered that for more than a hundred years, the olinguito had been wrongly identified.
2013年,研究人员发现,一百多年以来,奥林基多号被错误地识别出.
This mammal, which looks a lot like a teddy bear, leaps through trees at night.
这只长得像泰迪熊的哺乳动物 晚上会跳过树
The smallest member of the raccoon family, the olinguito can be found in Ecuador and Colombia.
浣熊家族中最小的成员"奥林基多"可以出现在厄瓜多尔和哥伦比亚.
It is the first species of this type to be discovered in the Americas in thirty-five years.
它是三十五年来在美洲发现的第一个这种类型的物种.
Finding new species of birds is almost as rare as finding new mammals.
寻找新种类的鸟类几乎与寻找新哺乳动物一样罕见.
Finding one in a major city is rarer still.
在大城市找到一个还是比较少见的
Yet in 2009, researchers discovered the Cambodian tailorbird in and around Phnom Penh—including in the middle of a road construction site.
然而在2009年,研究人员在金边及其周围发现了柬埔寨裁缝鸟——包括在公路建筑工地中间。
A detailed set of tests revealed that this tailorbird was a separate, new species.
一套详细的测试显示,这只裁缝鸟是一个独立的新物种.
Besides studying its genes and feathers, scientists studied its pretty song.
科学家除了研究其基因和羽毛外,还研究了其美丽的歌曲.
While all tailorbirds warble, no two species sound quite the same.
虽然所有的裁缝鸟都颤抖, 但没有任何两个物种听起来相当相同。
Sure enough, the song of the Cambodian tailorbird sets it apart from all the rest.
当然,柬埔寨裁缝鸟的歌 把它与所有其它。
Mistaken Identity Humans may encounter an unidentified species for years while mistaking it for a familiar species.
身份错误 人类可能遇到一个不明物种多年而将其误认为是熟悉的物种.
This often happens because the two species look the same, at least on the outside.
这经常发生,因为这两个物种看起来是相同的,至少在外表上是这样.
These are called cryptic species.
这些被称为"密码物种".
They are only found to be distinct when scientists study their genetic code.
只有在科学家研究其基因密码时,它们才被发现是不同的.
As DNA technology is used more and more, reports of distinct new species are on the rise.
随着DNA技术越来越多地被使用,关于独特新物种的报告正在增加。
Olinguitos have smaller, rounder faces and shorter tails than the olingos, which they were mistaken for.
奥林吉多斯与奥林吉斯人相比有更小,更圆的相貌和更短的尾巴,被误认为是奥林吉斯人.
The Cambodian tailorbird is hard to find because it lives in dense brush.
柬埔寨的裁缝鸟很难找到,因为它生活在密集的刷子中.
What’s Next?
接下来是什么?
Scientists continue to amaze us by finding new species.
科学家们继续通过寻找新物种来激励我们。
Estimates of just how many animal species fill our planet vary widely.
估计我们星球上有多少动物物种存在差异很大。
However, experts agree that most have yet to be discovered.
然而,专家们一致认为,大多数尚未发现。
Those animals we have discovered highlight some challenges.
我们发现的那些动物突出了一些挑战。
For instance, many species have tiny populations.
例如,许多物种的种群很少。
Human activity causes many species to face small and shrinking habitats.
人类活动导致许多物种面临小而缩小的栖息地.
Yet each new discovery is also cause for hope.
然而,每一个新的发现也带来希望。
It can spark a renewed effort to save and even restore a habitat.
它能够激发新的努力来拯救甚至恢复生境。
That, in turn, can save the rare and surprising animals that live there, both those we know about and those we don’t know about.
这反过来又可以拯救住在那里的稀有而令人惊讶的动物,
yet.
还没有。