Saguaro Cactus

美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习

Table of Contents One Cool Cactus.

内容表 1 酷仙人掌.

4 Up Close and Personal.

4 贴近个人。

7 Surviving the Sonoran Desert.

7 活出索诺兰沙漠.

9 The Cactus Hotel.

9仙人掌酒店.

12 Sweet Desert Desserts.

12个甜地沙漠甜点.

14 The Cycle of Life.

14 生命周期。

15 The Modern Saguaro.

15 现代萨瓜罗.

17 Digging Deeper.

17 挖掘深层。

19 Glossary.

19 词汇表。

20 One Cool Cactus Imagine you are 14 years old but only as tall as a pencil.

20个酷仙人掌想像你14岁,但只有铅笔那么高

You don’t have any arms.

你没有任何手臂。

When you turn 60, your first arm grows.

60岁时,你的第一臂会长出.

Another arm grows, and then another.

另一只手臂长出,另一只手臂长出。

One day you realize you have nine arms.

一日觉出有九臂.

You are now 150 years old and as tall as a three-story building.

你现在已经150岁了身高和三层楼一样高了

What if flowers grew from your head?

如果花从你的头上长出呢?

What if your ribs were made of wood?

如果你的肋骨是木头做的呢?

And let’s say you were green with sharp spines.

并假设你是绿色的有锋利的脊椎。

Does that seem strange to you?

你觉得奇怪吗?

That’s what it would be like to be a saguaro.

做个沙瓜罗就是这样。

How old might this saguaro be?

这个沙瓜罗几岁了?

A saguaro ( Carnegiea gigantea) is a giant green cactus with a round trunk and curved arms.

相生花(学名:Carnekia gigantea)为巨型绿色仙人掌科相生花属下的一个种,有圆形树干和弯曲的手臂.

People often think that saguaros look like humans.

人们常认为"沙瓜罗"像人类.

Many saguaros look as though they are waving, and some appear to be dancing.

许多沙瓜罗斯看起来好像在挥手,有些看起来在跳舞.

But despite how they look, they all stand silently through the day and night.

但是,尽管他们的样子,他们都默默地站在白天和夜晚.

The saguaro cactus is the silent keeper of desert secrets.

沙瓜罗仙人掌是沙漠秘密的默默守护者.

From above, this green giant witnesses many lives.

从上面看,这个绿色的巨星见证了许多生命.

Bees buzz by, snakes slither past, and coyotes hunt and howl under a full moon.

蜜蜂被打发了蛇被划过野狼在满月下打猎并嚎叫

An old saguaro has watched human history evolve.

一个老沙瓜罗观察着人类历史的发展.

People invented cars, then televisions, and then computers.

人们发明了汽车,然后是电视,然后是电脑。

Many old saguaros have even watched the ownership of their very land change from one country to another!

许多老沙瓜罗斯甚至看着他们的土地所有权从一个国家变为另一个国家!

In this book, you will learn more cool things about the saguaro.

在这本书中,你会学到更多关于"萨瓜罗"的酷事.

You will learn where it lives and how it survives.

你会知道它在哪里生活如何生存

You will also read about different animals that check into this cactus hotel.

你会读到不同的动物检查这个仙人掌酒店。

By the end, you may even imagine the taste of saguaro candy in your mouth!

到最后,你甚至可以想象你嘴里有沙瓜罗糖果的味道!

Try to Say It!

试着说出来!

Can you say saguaro?

你能说萨瓜罗吗?

Imagine that the gu is a w.

想象一下,Gu是一个w。

Try saying it like this: suh-WAR-oh.

试着这样说: 嘘-WAR-OH.

Saguaro.

萨瓜罗.

suh-WAR-oh.

徐华.

Would you care to dance?

你想跳舞吗?

What parts of history might this saguaro have seen?

这个沙瓜罗在历史上见过什么?

Up Close and Personal The saguaro grows only in the Sonoran Desert.

关闭和个人沙瓜罗只生长于索诺兰沙漠.

It cannot be found anywhere else in the world!

世界上没有其他地方能找到它!

Though, even in the Sonoran Desert, it cannot grow everywhere.

虽然,即使在索诺兰沙漠, 它不能生长在任何地方。

The saguaro needs enough water to grow and protection from freezing temperatures.

沙瓜罗需要足够的水来生长并保护免受冻温.

It usually grows on land between sea level and 4,000 feet (1,219 m) above sea level.

通常生长于海平面至海拔4000英尺(1,219米)之间的陆地上.

This area provides the saguaro with the conditions it needs to grow.

这一地区为萨瓜罗人提供了需要生长的条件.

The saguaro also needs to protect itself from other desert dangers.

萨瓜罗人也需要保护自己免受其他沙漠危险.

It grows thousands of two-inch spines on its body.

它在身体上长出上千个两英寸的脊椎.

These sharp spines prevent animals from eating it.

这些锋利的脊椎使动物无法吃.

Spines also are the saguaro’s silent way of saying, “Don’t knock me down!”

Spines也是Saguaro沉默地说道:「别把我打倒!

A saguaro grows very slowly.

沙瓜罗的生长非常缓慢.

At age 14, it is still a baby and only as tall as a pencil.

14岁时,它还是个婴儿,只有铅笔那么高.

A baby saguaro normally grows under a nursing plant like a palo verde.

婴儿沙瓜罗通常生长在像古老活人一样的护理植物下.

The nursing plant protects it from the sun, wind, and animals.

护理植物保护它免受太阳,风和动物的侵袭.

A saguaro will not grow its first flower until the age of 50.

沙瓜罗到50岁才会长出一花.

The cactus may grow many arms and hundreds of flowers.

仙人掌可能长出多臂和上百花.

It will grow its first branch, or arm at 60.

它会长出它的第一分枝,或者60分的手臂。

The height of a 200-year-old saguaro may extend more than 50 feet (15 m) above the Sonoran Desert surface.

200多岁的萨瓜罗的高度可能比索诺兰沙漠地表高出50多英尺(15米).

Saguaro spines grow in clusters.

萨瓜罗脊椎生长于集群.

This bar graph shows (in feet) the slow, tall growth of the saguaro.

这个条形图显示了(以脚为单位)沙瓜罗的缓慢而高高的生长.

Surviving the Sonoran Desert The Sonoran Desert is hot—a summer day can reach a scorching 120˚F (49˚C)!

拯救索诺兰沙漠索诺兰沙漠很炎热——一个夏天的一天可以达到一焦的120-̊(49-C)!

The Sonoran Desert is also dry.

索诺兰沙漠也干涸了.

Months can pass without a single drop of rain.

月能过而无一滴雨.

What if you didn’t drink a drop of water for months—wouldn’t you get thirsty?

如果你几个月没喝一滴水,

Like people and other animals, plants need water to live.

像人和其他动物一样,植物需要水来活.

Water is scarce in the desert.

沙漠中缺水,无水可取.

But when it does rain, it rains hard.

但当它下雨时,它很难下雨。

Half of the year’s rain falls in just two months.

一年中一半的雨在两个月后倒下。

These late summer monsoon storms bring strong winds and lots of lightning.

这些夏季后期的季风风暴带来了强风和大量的闪电.

It rains so fast and hard that dry streambeds and riverbeds quickly become raging torrents of water and streets quickly flood.

雨水迅速而坚硬地流出,干流的河床和河床很快地成为了洪水和街道迅速泛滥的暴风雨.

The saguaro is an expert water collector.

萨瓜罗是一位专家取水者.

Its long, shallow roots spread out in all directions just below the ground’s surface.

它的长而浅的根部分布在地表下方的各个方向.

When it rains, these roots soak up tons of water, which the saguaro stores inside its trunk and arms.

当下雨时,这些根会浸出一吨的水沙瓜罗将水储存在树干和手臂里

Many plants lose water through their leaves.

许多植物会从叶子上流失出水.

Just as people sweat, plants transpire.

就像人们出汗一样,植物会发作

But the saguaro has spines instead of leaves, so it doesn’t lose as much water.

但沙瓜罗有脊椎而非叶子,

The saguaro’s skin is tough and waxy.

沙瓜罗的皮肤坚硬而有蜡.

This also helps to keep water inside.

这也有助于将水保持在内.

The Sonoran Desert is located in North America.

索诺兰沙漠地处北美.

People from Mexico, the United States, and several Native American nations call the Sonoran Desert home.

来自墨西哥,美国和几个美洲原住民国家的人称索诺兰沙漠为"家园".

Saguaros expand like sponges when they soak up rainwater.

萨瓜罗斯会像海绵一样膨胀当它们浸入雨水时

Survival in this desert is tough.

在沙漠里生存是很艰难的

Animals and plants must find enough water to live, and they must protect themselves from the extreme weather.

动物和植物必须找到足够的水来活活,它们必须保护自己免受极端天气的影响.

They also must defend against hungry animals.

他们还必须抵御饥饿的动物。

Many plants and animals have adapted well to the Sonoran Desert.

许多动植物都很好地适应了索诺兰沙漠.

Humming birds, doves, and quail fly about.

蜂鸟、鸽子和 qua会飞来飞去

Coyotes, rabbits, and snakes also live here.

土狼,兔子,和蛇也住在这里.

Many types of bushes, trees, and other cacti grow here as well.

许多种类的灌木,树木等仙人掌也生长在这里.

The Cactus Hotel The saguaro is a center of activity for many desert animals.

仙人掌饭店沙瓜罗是许多沙漠动物的活动中心.

This hospitable cactus has free rooms for birds, lizards, and insects.

这种舒适的仙人掌有鸟类,蜥蜴,和昆虫的空闲房间.

These rooms are cool in the summer, and they have pretty views.

这些房间夏天很凉爽,而且风景优美.

Every spring, the Gila woodpecker chisels out a new home inside a saguaro cactus.

每年春天,吉拉啄木鸟会出出一个新的家在一棵沙瓜罗仙人掌。

First the woodpecker makes a narrow entrance.

先是啄木鸟开出一个狭窄的入口.

Then it hollows out a deep room.

然后,它空洞出一个深室。

Inside this room, the female lays her eggs.

在这个房间里,雌性产卵.

The nest is high above the desert floor.

巢高地上为沙漠地层.

The saguaro’s sharp spines help to protect the baby birds.

沙瓜罗的锋利脊椎能保护幼鸟。

Inside the saguaro they will be safe from predators.

在沙瓜罗内部它们会远离掠食者

When the woodpecker family moves out, tiny owls or other birds will move in.

当啄木鸟家族搬出后,小猫头鹰或其他鸟类会搬入.

Hawks may build their nests high in the saguaro.

鹰会把巢穴建在高地上

These nests, made of twigs and grass, rest on the arms of the giant cactus.

这些由花枝和花草所成的巢穴,在巨大的仙人掌的怀抱上休息.

Do You Know?

你知道吗?

The word cactus has two plural forms: cactuses and cacti.

仙人掌一词有两种复数形式:仙人掌和仙人掌.

Many people from the Sonoran Desert say “cacti”: One cactus, two cacti, three cacti, four.

许多来自索诺兰沙漠的人说出"cacti": 一仙人掌二仙人掌三仙人掌四仙人掌

Gila woodpeckers make their home in this saguaro.

吉拉啄木鸟在这地瓜里造出家.

This owl is just one of many animals that live in the Sonoran Desert.

这只猫头鹰只是生活在索诺兰沙漠中的许多动物之一.

The saguaro attracts other desert animals as well.

沙瓜罗也吸引了其他沙漠动物.

It serves up free flowers, nectar, and fruit.

它服务于免费花朵,花蜜和水果.

In late spring, the saguaro produces flowers that are white with yellow centers.

晚春出产花被黄色中心白色.

They grow on the tips of the saguaro’s arms and trunk.

他们生长在萨瓜罗的手臂和树干上。

A summer saguaro looks as if it is holding flowers in its hands.

一个夏天的萨瓜罗看起来好像手里拿着花.

Around its head is a flowery crown.

其头周围为花花花冠.

A saguaro’s flowers open for a short time at night and close during the heat of the day.

一朵萨瓜罗花在夜间短暂开花,在白天发热时闭花.

When the flowers open, birds, insects, and bats drink the flowers’ sweet nectar.

花开后,鸟、昆虫和蝙蝠会喝花的甜花蜜。

While drinking, these animals get dusted with pollen.

饮用时,这些动物会被花粉所粉碎.

Then they fly to the next flower and spread the pollen.

然后会飞到下一朵花并传播花粉.

This is what pollinates saguaro flowers and makes the fruit grow.

这就是给沙瓜罗花授粉,使果实能长出.

Saguaro fruit is red with black seeds.

萨瓜罗果为红色并有黑色种子.

Birds like to eat this sweet fruit.

鸟儿喜欢吃这甜果.

Sometimes saguaro fruit falls to the ground.

时有萨瓜罗果倒地.

Foxes, coyotes, and javelinas enjoy these sweet summer treats.

狐狸,野狼,和Javelinas 享受这些甜蜜的夏日盛宴。

Sweet Desert Desserts The T ohono O’odham (toe-hoe-noh OH-eh-dom) people have lived in the Sonoran Desert for hundreds of years.

甜甜的沙漠甜点 Toe-hoe-noh OH-eh-dom),

The saguaro cactus is an important part of their lives.

萨瓜罗仙人掌是他们生活的重要组成部分.

In the past, they left their villages every summer and moved into cactus camps for a few weeks.

过去,他们每年夏天离开自己的村庄并搬到仙人掌营地住上几个星期.

These camps were located near the mighty saguaros.

这些营地位于强大的萨瓜罗斯附近.

Women and children harvested the ripe fruit using the long wooden ribs of dead saguaros.

妇女和儿童利用已死的萨瓜罗斯的长长的木肋来收获成熟的水果.

Women knocked the fruit down, and children collected it in baskets.

女人把水果打倒,孩子们用篮子来收.

Back at the camp, the women would boil the fruit in water, and then they would filter it.

回到营地,妇女们会在水中煮出水果,然后过滤出水果。

Next, they poured the sweet syrup into clay jugs.

接下来,他们把甜糖浆倒入了粘土罐.

Finally, they carried the jugs back to their villages.

最后,他们把罐子带回了村庄。

The Tohono O’odham still make saguaro jams, candies, and wine.

Tohono O'odham仍会制作沙瓜罗果酱、糖果和葡萄酒。

They use the wine for a special rain ceremony.

他们将酒用于特殊的雨仪式.

Bees drink nectar and help spread pollen.

蜜蜂会喝花蜜,帮助花粉传播.

The Cycle of Life Every saguaro begins its life as a small seed on the ground.

生命周期每个萨瓜罗从地上的小种子起活.

When the seed germinates, roots grow.

种子发芽后,根会长出.

The baby saguaro begins to grow under a nursing plant, and over time, the cactus grows high above the desert floor.

婴儿沙瓜罗开始在哺乳植物下生长,随着时间的推移,仙人掌会高高地生长于沙漠地上.

Like all plants and animals, saguaros will die.

和所有动植物一样,萨瓜罗斯会死去.

They grow old, and their life ends.

他们变老了生命就结束了

However, some saguaros die before old age.

然而,有的萨瓜罗斯在老年前就已经去世了.

They may freeze on cold nights, or they may become infected with diseases.

它们可能在寒冷的夜晚被冻结,或感染了疾病。

A few unfortunate saguaros get struck by lightning.

几起不幸被闪电击中了的沙瓜.

When a saguaro dies, its fleshy skin falls to the ground.

萨瓜罗一死,其肉皮倒地.

Termites, scorpions, and lizards burrow new homes inside of it.

白蚁、蝎子和蜥蜴在其中埋下新的家园

Slowly, the body of the saguaro decomposes, and it turns back into desert soil.

慢慢地,萨瓜罗的身体会分解出分解出,会回转入沙漠土壤.

The saguaro’s wooden ribs often remain standing like a tribute to the cactus’s life.

沙瓜罗的木肋也经常像对仙人掌生命的纪念一样站起.

But after a while, these ribs also fall down.

但是过了一段时间,这些肋骨也倒下.

A palo verde tree (left) often serves as a nursing plant for saguaros.

有一棵古老的活字树(左)经常作为萨瓜罗斯的护理植物.

Saguaro ribs are a shadow of the mighty saguaro that once lived.

萨瓜罗肋骨是曾经活过的巨大萨瓜罗的影子.

The Modern Saguaro The mighty saguaro has come to symbolize the Sonoran Desert.

现代萨瓜罗强大的萨瓜罗来象征索诺兰沙漠.

It shows up on postcards, in movies, and on Arizona license plates.

它出现在明信片,电影, 和亚利桑那州的牌照。

The saguaro even has a park named after it!

沙瓜罗甚至有一个公园以它命名!

Saguaro National Park near Tucson, Arizona, is the home of many beautiful saguaros.

亚利桑那州图克森附近的萨瓜罗国家公园是许多美丽的萨瓜罗斯的故乡.

Visitors from all over the world come to see these mysterious giants.

来自世界各地的游客来看这些神秘的巨人.

They take photographs of themselves with the saguaros.

他们和沙瓜罗斯一起拍照

Some tourists like to hike on park trails and enjoy the beauty of the saguaro in their Sonoran desert home.

一些游客喜欢在公园小道上徒步旅行,并享受索诺兰沙漠家园中沙瓜罗之美.

Today, there are laws to protect saguaros.

今有法相能护萨瓜罗.

In certain places you cannot dig them up without a permit.

在某些地方,没有许可证你无法挖出它们。

If you do, you can be fined.

如是等可罚.

When new roads are built, saguaros are moved to keep them safe.

新道路建成后会移走沙瓜罗斯来保证它们的安全.

These are just some of the secrets of the mighty saguaro.

这些只是强大的萨瓜罗的一些秘密.