of Halloween
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A Fun and Scary Holiday.
内容列表 A 乐趣和可怕的假日.
4 The Celts: Samhain.
4 凯尔特人:Samhain.
6 The Beginnings of Halloween.
6 万圣节开始。
7 Costumes and Trick-or-Treating.
7 服装和花花公子。
8 Jack-o’-Lanterns.
8个杰克-欧-兰特人。
9 Traditions of the Past.
9 过去的传统。
11 Halloween Today.
今天11个万圣节
12 Celebrating in a Crowd.
12 在人群中庆祝。
14 A Mix of Old and New.
14 《新旧杂记》。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 A Fun and Scary Holiday Halloween is a colorful—and delicious— holiday.
16 欢乐和恐怖的假日万圣节是一个多彩又美味的节日。
It’s mostly celebrated in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Ireland, where it first began.
在美国、加拿大、英国和爱尔兰,
On October 31, trick-or-treaters pour into the streets.
10月31日,"花花公子"倒入街头.
Creepy music oozes from Halloween parties and haunted houses, and people dress up in all kinds of costumes.
来自万圣节派对和鬼屋的恐怖音乐,人们打扮出各种服装.
Monsters, ghosts, superheroes, and princesses of all ages celebrate together.
怪物,鬼魂,超级英雄, 和所有年龄的公主一起庆祝。
Three girls show off their Halloween costumes in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1929.
1929年有三名女孩在俄亥俄州辛辛那提出演了他们的万圣节服装.
Today, Halloween’s greatest popularity may be in the United States, where it’s important in both culture and business.
今天,万圣节最受欢迎的可能是美国,在美国,万圣节对文化和商业都很重要。
Halloween turns up in Hollywood movies and popular songs.
万圣节出现在好莱坞电影和流行歌曲中.
Halloween means big business for American stores, too, since people buy Halloween candy and costumes every year.
万圣节也意味着美国商店的大生意,因为人们每年都会购买万圣节糖果和服装.
The Halloween holiday celebrated today is part of a very old tradition.
今天庆祝的万圣节是一个非常古老的传统的一部分。
It began with the Celtic (KEL-tik) peoples who lived in Great Britain, Ireland, and northern France about two thousand years ago.
它起源于约两千年前生活在大不列颠,爱尔兰和法国北部的凯尔特人(KEL-tik).
A boy shops for his Captain America costume at a costume store in Montebello, California.
一个男孩在加州蒙特贝洛的一家服装店为他的美国队长服装买东西.
The Celts: Samhain The Celts celebrated a harvest festival called Samhain (SOW-in) each fall.
凯尔特人:Samhain 凯尔特人每年秋季都庆祝一个叫"Samhain"(SOW-in)的收成节.
Samhain had some things in common with our New Year’s celebrations as well as with Halloween.
Samhain与新年庆祝活动以及万圣节有些共同点。
According to the Celtic calendar, October 31 was the final day of the year.
根据凯尔特人的历法,10月31日是当年的最后一天.
The Samhain celebration on October 31 was a way to say farewell to the old year.
10月31日的桑哈因庆典是告别旧年的一种方式.
The Celtic Samhain festival also had a supernatural side.
凯尔特人桑哈因节也有超自然的一面.
The Celts believed that the doorways between the world of the living and the dead were open on the eve of Samhain.
凯尔特人认为活人和活人的世界之间的门道在桑哈因的前夕是敞开的.
As a result, the spirits of people who had died during the previous year could cross over to the underworld.
因此,上一年中逝去的人所生出的精神可能会被跨入冥界.
The dead could appear and communicate with the living.
死者可以出现并与活人沟通.
To help the dead on their journey, Celts lit bonfires and sacrificed crops and animals.
为了帮助行走中的死者,凯尔特人点燃了篝火并牺牲了农作物和动物.
The Celts also believed that priests could see the future during this festival.
凯尔特人还相信,神父们在这个节日期间可以看到未来.
The predictions made at Samhain were an important part of planning for the new year.
在Samhain所作的预测是新年规划的重要组成部分。
Modern-day druids perform a blessing at Stonehenge in southern England.
现代德鲁伊兹在英格兰南部的巨石阵上表演了"祝福".
The Beginnings of Halloween Later, as Christianity spread throughout Europe, the Catholic Church tried to replace Samhain with its own traditions.
万圣节后期的开始,随着基督教在欧洲各地的传播,天主教会试图用自己的传统来取而代之.
For example, the Church declared an All Saints’ Day on November 1.
例如,教会宣布11月1日为"全圣人节".
This celebration was also known as All Hallows Day.
这次庆典也被称为"万圣节".
October 31, the day before All Hallows, came to be called All Hallows Eve, which was later shortened to Halloween.
10月31日,即"万圣节"的前一天,来取名"万圣节之夜"(All Hallows Eve),后被缩短为万圣节.
Many of the older Celtic traditions lived on in this new holiday—especially the belief in supernatural activity on the night of October 31.
许多较古老的凯尔特人传统都活在这个新的节日中——特别是相信10月31日晚上的超自然活动.
The Halloween traditions we know today are influenced by the Celts, the Catholic Church, and legends from medieval Europe.
我们今天所知的万圣节传统受到凯尔特人,天主教会和中世纪欧洲传奇的影响.
Catholic churchgoers make a procession through a town in Poland to celebrate All Saints’ Day.
天主教教会信徒通过波兰的一个城镇游行庆祝所有圣徒节。
Costumes and Trick-or-Treating The tradition of dressing up in costumes has changed many times over the centuries.
服装和花花公子 穿着服装的传统在几个世纪中发生了多次变化.
Halloween costumes probably began with the Celts, who dressed up like animals during Samhain.
万圣节服装可能从凯尔特人开始,他们在桑哈因时期打扮得像动物.
In medieval England, people walked the streets dressed like fairies, witches, and ghosts, hoping to frighten away these creatures.
在中世纪的英格兰,人们穿成仙子,巫婆和鬼一样走在街上,想吓走这些生物.
This practice was called mumming, and people often gave mummers food and drink.
这种做法被叫作"mumming",人们经常给木乃伊吃喝.
If food and drink were offered, people thought that the spirits would go away without making trouble.
如果提供食物和饮料,人们会认为鬼魂会消失而不制造麻烦.
This practice has come down to us today as trick-or- treating.
这种做法今天被我们当作是诡计或治疗。
Adults give candy to children, who, if they get a treat, will hopefully move along without performing any tricks.
成人会给孩子吃糖果,如果他们得到优待,希望他们不会耍花招。
A modern druid wears a stag costume during a Samhain celebration in England.
现代德鲁伊德在英国的一次桑哈因庆典中会穿戴一身鹿相服.
Jack-o’-Lanterns Many people create jack-o’-lanterns each year at Halloween.
Jack-o-Lanters 语录 每年万圣节,
Jack-o’-lanterns are made by carving faces or designs into a pumpkin.
将脸部或设计成南瓜,
Then a candle or other light is placed inside the pumpkin to light up the carving.
然后在南瓜内部放出蜡烛或其他光来点燃雕刻.
Jack-o’-lanterns come from an Irish story about a man named Stingy Jack.
Jack-o-lanters来自一个爱尔兰人的故事,
Stingy Jack liked to play tricks on his friends.
斯汀·杰克喜欢玩弄他的朋友.
When Jack died, his spirit was forced to roam in the darkness as punishment for his mean personality.
杰克死后,他的灵魂被迫在黑暗中漫游,作为对他卑鄙个性的惩罚.
To light his way, he carved a hole in a turnip and placed a candle inside.
为了点亮他的方式,他用一朵萝卜刻出一个洞并放入了蜡烛.
Because of this, the Irish called him “Jack-of-the-lantern” and, later, “Jack-o’-lantern.”
因此,爱尔兰人称他为 " 圣诞老人杰克 " ,后来称他为 " 圣诞老人杰克 " 。 “
The legend of Stingy Jack started one big Halloween tradition.
史丁基·杰克的传奇 开创了万圣节的传统
People in Ireland and England used to carve scary faces into turnips, beets, and potatoes.
爱尔兰和英国的人经常把可怕的面孔雕刻成土豆,甜菜和土豆.
Then they would place candles inside to create a jack-o’- lantern.
然后,他们会把蜡烛放进去,制造出一盏JJO-O-灯笼。
These jack-o’-lanterns were meant to look like Stingy Jack’s terrifying face (or to frighten him away).
这些老二(juck-o-lanters)的本意是,
When many Irish people moved to North America in the 1800s, they brought the jack-o’- lantern tradition with them.
许多爱尔兰人在1800年代移居北美时,
The tradition of using pumpkins in jack-o’- lanterns, however, began in the United States in the mid-1800s.
但在美国,
Pumpkins make great jack-o’- lanterns.
南瓜能做出很好的花花灯
They are large enough to be carved in all kinds of designs, and they are easy to find in the fall.
它们足够大,可以被刻入各种设计中,秋季很容易被找到.
Today, creating and displaying jack-o’-lanterns is an important part of the Halloween celebration.
今天,创造和展示 " 圣诞老人 " 是万圣节庆祝活动的重要组成部分。
Some people still carve turnips for Halloween.
有些人仍然为万圣节而雕刻花花果.
Traditions of the Past Some Halloween traditions that were once popular are less well known today.
过去一些万圣节传统的传统曾经流行过,今天人们不太了解。
Interestingly, several of these traditions come from the Celtic custom of fortune-telling at Samhain.
有趣的是,这些传统有好几种出自于凯尔特人在桑哈因的算命习俗.
The classic Halloween party game of bobbing for apples, for example, began as a form of fortune-telling.
例如,典型的万圣节派对游戏"为苹果出手"(bobbing for apples),开始是一种说算命的形式.
In this game, players attempt to remove an apple from a tub of water using only their mouths.
在这个游戏中,玩家试图只用口从水桶取出一粒苹果.
The first person to get an apple was supposed to be the first to marry later in life.
第一位得到苹果的人应该是晚年第一个结婚.
Today, fortune-telling has dropped out of many Halloween games.
今天,许多万圣节游戏的幸运点都退出了
However, people might meet a fortune-teller at a Halloween party or haunted house.
然而,人们可能会在万圣节派对或鬼屋中遇到一个算命的人.
Children bob for apples at a party in the United States in the early 1900s.
1900年代初在美国的一个派对上 孩子们买苹果
Halloween Today The modern Halloween celebration is fairly new, though it is often mixed with older traditions.
今天万圣节 现代的万圣节庆祝活动是相当新的,尽管它常常与更古老的传统相混合.
This is especially true in North America, where the holiday was not widely celebrated until the 1800s.
在北美尤其如此,直到1800年代,这个节日才被广泛庆祝.
Halloween was frowned upon by many of the first European settlers in the New World.
万圣节被许多新世界最早的欧洲定居者所笼罩。
The Puritans, for example, discouraged people from celebrating it.
例如,清教徒劝阻人们庆祝。
The holiday became much more popular when huge numbers of Irish immigrants came to the United States in the 1800s.
当大量爱尔兰移民于1800年代来美国时,节日变得更加受欢迎.
They brought their Halloween traditions with them, including jack-o’- lanterns and mumming.
他们带着万圣节的传统,
Gradually, more and more Americans celebrated Halloween.
逐渐地,越来越多的美国人庆祝了万圣节.
Unfortunately, though, as Halloween celebrations became more popular, pranks became common on Halloween night.
但不幸的是,随着万圣节庆祝活动越来越受欢迎,恶作剧在万圣节之夜变得很常见.
By the 1930s, the pranks had become a major problem.
到20世纪30年代,恶作剧已经成为了一大问题.
Some city governments tried to remake Halloween into a family holiday with trick-or-treating events for children.
一些市政府试图将万圣节改造成家庭节日,为儿童举办诡计或虐待活动。
Trick-or-treaters in the 1930s and 1940s received cookies, fruit, toys, and pocket change.
1930年代和1940年代的"特里克"(Trick-or-treaters)收到了饼干,水果,玩具和口袋零用钱.