All About Muscles
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A Moving Machine.
目录 A 移动机器。
4 Muscle Monster.
4 肌肉怪兽。
6 Make a Muscle—the Skeletal Muscles.
6 造出肌肉-骨骼肌肉.
8 Mirror, Mirror.
8"镜","镜".
12 Don’t Think About It—the Smooth Muscles.
12 不要去想它——平滑的肌肉。
14 One More—the Cardiac Muscle.
14 多一个-心肌.
16 A Closer Look.
16 A Closer Look. (原始内容存档于2017-06-26).
18 Muscle Building.
18号肌肉大楼。
20 Conclusion.
20 结论。
22 Glossary.
22 词汇表。
23 Index.
23 指数。
24 A Moving Machine Have you ever walked by a gym and watched people lifting weights?
24 移动机器 你曾经走过健身房 看着人们举起重来吗?
Maybe you even have weight training in school.
也许你甚至在学校接受过体重训练
Running, bending, twisting—these are all forms of training your body and “shaping up.
跑步、弯曲、扭动——这些都是训练你身体和 " 发作 " 的形式。
” But what, exactly, are you training?
“ 但你到底在训练什么?
What are you shaping?
你在塑造什么?
What is all this lifting and grunting and straining about?
举起手来叫来叫去烦恼干什么?
It’s about your muscles.
这是关于你的肌肉。
Muscles are the parts of the body that allow you to move.
肌肉是身体中允许你移动的部分.
If you didn’t have muscles, you wouldn’t be able to lift or jump or walk, or even write or smile or chew.
如果你没有肌肉, 你将无法举起、跳出、走走, 甚至写作、微笑或咀嚼。
Your muscles make your body a moving machine.
你的肌肉让你的身体成为了移动的机器.
Shaping up, or getting into shape, means shaping your muscles so they are strong and powerful.
摆起,或成形,意味着塑造出你的肌肉,使之强大而强大.
Strong, powerful muscles make your body move more efficiently.
强壮而强大的肌肉可以使身体更高效地运动.
This woman lifts weights to keep her arm muscles in shape.
这个女人举起重来保持手臂肌肉的形状.
Muscle Monster This scary creature isn’t the latest creepy movie monster, or even an oddball superhero.
肌肉怪兽 这个恐怖生物不是最新的恐怖电影怪物,
Actually, this creature is you.
事实上,这个生物就是你。
It’s what you look like, under your skin, with all your skeletal muscles in place.
在你的皮肤下,
The dark, stringy- looking things are the muscles, and the whitish parts are the tendons.
阴暗而有条纹的外观物是肌肉,而 wh的部位是阴茎.
Tendons are fibers that attach muscles to bones.
天冬是将肌肉接入骨骼的纤维.
You can’t see any bones in this diagram, can you?
你看不到图中的任何骨头,
That’s because muscles cover the bones and are attached to them.
因为肌肉覆盖了骨头,
The muscles literally pick up the bones, such as those in your arms and legs, and make them move.
肌肉从字面上取出骨骼,如手臂和腿部的骨骼,并使它们能移动.
The human body is loaded with muscles of many different sizes—more than 600 muscles in all.
人体装有许多不同大小的肌肉——总共超过600个肌肉.
Although all muscles help your body move, muscles are divided into three main types: the skeletal muscles, the smooth muscles, and the cardiac muscle.
虽然所有肌肉都帮助身体运动,但肌肉主要分为三种:骨骼肌,平滑肌和心肌.
Two of these muscle types—the smooth muscles and the cardiac muscle—are involuntary muscles.
其中两种肌肉类型——平滑的肌肉和心肌——是非自愿的肌肉。
That means that they move on their own, without our telling them to move.
这意味着他们自己行动,而我们不让他们行动。
Skeletal muscles, in contrast, are voluntary, which means they move because we want them to.
相形之下,骨骼肌肉是自愿的,这意味着它们移动是因为我们希望它们移动.
Most of the muscles in your body are skeletal muscles.
身体多为骨骼肌.
So let’s get moving, and see what the skeletal muscles are all about.
让我们开始行动,看看骨骼肌肉是什么。
A Muscle Minute Y ou’re getting ready to turn the page, aren’t you?
肌肉分钟 你准备翻一页了吧?
As you do, think of all the muscles you use just to do this one small task.
想想你用什么肌肉来完成这个小任务
Muscles lift your arm, and muscles move your hand and fingers, which enable you to flip the page.
肌肉会抬起手臂,肌肉会移动你的手和手指,这使得你能够翻出一页.
Y ou could say that muscles made you do it!
你可以说肌肉让你做的!
This is what your body looks like under your skin.
这就是你皮肤下的样子
Make a Muscle—the Skeletal Muscles Have you ever asked anyone to “feel your muscle”?
做个肌肉——骨骼肌肉 你曾要求任何人“麻痹你的肌肉”吗?
What did you do?
你们做了什么?
You probably made a fist, lifted your forearm toward your shoulder, and pointed to the bulge that formed on your upper arm.
你可能握起拳头,把前臂抬到肩膀上, 指向上臂上起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起
Good job!
好样的!
You’ve just provided a good example of how muscles work.
你刚刚提供了肌肉如何工作的好例子。
When you pulled your arm upward, the muscle in your upper arm, the biceps, contracted.
当你把手臂往上拉时, 上臂的肌肉,双胞胎,收缩了。
It pulled on the bone, causing your forearm to lift.
它拉起骨头 让你的前臂抬起
You can feel the contracted biceps muscle bulging under your skin.
你能感觉到皮肤下 收缩了的双胞胎肌肉会膨胀
Although muscles allow us to do all kinds of movements, pulling is the only movement that muscles themselves can do.
虽然肌肉允许我们做各种动作,但拉力是肌肉自己唯一能做的动作.
Here’s how these muscles work.
这些肌肉是如何运作的。
If you want to move, you form the thought in your brain.
如果你想移动,你就会在脑中形成思想.
Your brain then sends a signal to the muscles needed to make the movement you are thinking about.
然后你的大脑向肌肉发出信号 来进行你所想的运动
You might wiggle your toes, or snap your fingers, or even lift your eyebrows.
你可能扭动脚趾 或扭断手指 甚至抬起眉毛
Once the signal reaches the muscles, your muscles begin to move.
一旦信号到达肌肉,你的肌肉就会开始移动.
Each muscle pulls on the bone to which it is attached, and this pulling puts your body in motion.
每根肌肉会拉起它所附着的骨骼,而这种拉动会使你的身体运动.
Because your brain must tell these muscles to move, these movements are voluntary.
因为你的大脑必须告诉这些肌肉移动,这些运动是自愿的.
The voluntary muscles are your skeletal muscles.
自愿肌肉是你们的骨骼肌肉.
Y our brain tells your leg muscles to kick a ball.
我们的大脑让你的腿肌肉踢出一球
The biceps muscle contracts to pull up the forearm.
双胞胎肌肉收缩拉起前臂.
In order for you to lower your arm, another muscle must get into action.
为了让你放下手臂 另一支肌肉必须投入行动
This muscle is the triceps muscle, and it lies on the underside of your upper arm.
这个肌肉是三重肌,它位于你的上臂下部.
When you lower your arm, the biceps muscle relaxes, and the triceps muscle contracts—it pulls your forearm down.
当你放下手臂时,二头肌会放松, 三头肌会收缩—— 它会拉起你的前臂。
In most cases, therefore, your muscles must work as a team.
因此,在大多数情况下,你的肌肉必须作为一个团队工作。
One muscle pulls, or contracts, so that you can move in one way; then another muscle must pull, or contract, so your body can move in the opposite way.
一个肌肉拉出,或者收缩,这样你就可以以一种方式移动;然后另一个肌肉必须拉出,或者收缩,这样你的身体就可以以相反的方式移动.
Muscles in your legs move your legs in a similar way as the muscles in your arms.
腿部的肌肉会以类似手臂上肌肉的方式移动腿部.
Try this: sit down, stretch out your leg, and feel the top of your thigh.
试试这个:坐下来,伸出你的腿,感受你的大腿上部.
The muscle you feel here is the quadriceps (KWAD-ri-seps), which enables you to lift your leg.
你感受到的肌肉是四分卫 (KWAD-ri-seps),它使你能够抬起你的腿.
If you bend your knee toward you, you might feel a muscle on the back of your thigh.
如果你弯下膝盖朝你, 你可能会感觉到大腿后部的肌肉。
This is the hamstring, which makes your knee bend.
这是扭断你的膝盖
A big muscle bulges on your lower leg, at the back.
在你的下腿上,在后腿上,肌肉大起大起.
You might call this your calf muscle, but its more scientific name is the gastrocnemius (gas- trok-NEE-mee-us).
你可能把这称为你的小腿肌肉,但是它更科学地取名为"gas-trok-NEE-mee-us".
Stand up, and lift your foot behind you.
站起来,把脚抬起来
This is the function of the calf muscle—to pull up the heel of your foot.
这是小腿肌肉的功能——拉起你的脚跟.
Achilles tendon gluteus maximus Muscles work as a team so this man can lift the box.
阿喀琉斯克多斯克多斯 肌肉作为一个团队工作 这样这个人就可以抬起盒子。
A Muscle Minute The deltoid muscles in the shoulders lift the arms.
肌肉分钟 肩上三角肌起起臂.
The trapezius (treh-PEE-zee- us) muscles are near the neck, and they lift the shoulders.
夹克子(treh-PEE-zee-us)肌肉靠近颈部,会抬起肩膀.
The biceps and triceps move the lower arm.
二胞胎和三胞胎移动下臂.
deltoids triceps trapezius Runners use their leg muscles.
三角地平面图 跑步者会使用腿肌.
Run your hand down from the back of your calf to the top of your heel.
将手从后犊下至脚跟上.
Do you feel that flexible part, just above your ankle?
你觉得你脚踝上那部分灵活吗?
This is actually a tendon, called the Achilles (eh-KIL-eez) tendon.
这其实是一种被称作"阿喀琉斯"(eh-KIL-eez)的活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活活
It is your body’s longest and strongest tendon, connecting your calf muscle to the bone in your heel.
这是你身体中最长而最强壮的长发,
A few other important muscles are found in your legs, such as the sartorius (sahr-TOR-ee-us).
在你的腿上还发现了一些其他重要的肌肉,例如"沙耳-TOR-ee-us".
It is your body’s longest muscle, and it is responsible for allowing your leg to twist and bend at the knee.
这也是你身体最长的肌肉,
Then there’s the biggest muscle of all—the gluteus maximus (GLEWT-ee-us MAK-seh-mus).
接下来是最大的肌肉,
This is the muscle that you feel in your butt.
这就是你屁股里的肌肉
Mirror, Mirror Take a look at yourself in the mirror, and make a bunch of funny faces.
镜像,镜像 照出镜来自相相相,作出一串趣相相.
Wiggle your eyebrows, move your lips, blink your eyes.
摇起眉相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相
How is your face able to make all these expressions?
你的脸怎么能做出这些表情?
Once again, your skeletal muscles made you do it.
再次,你的骨骼肌肉让你这样做。
In fact, the muscles of your eye are the most active muscles in your body.
事实上,你的眼睛的肌肉是体内最活性的肌肉.
Scientists think that these muscles move more than 100,000 times a day.
科学家认为这些肌肉每天移动超过10万次.
The skull is the bone that makes up most of your head, and it is largely covered with muscles.
头骨是构成你大部分头部的骨骼,它基本上被肌肉所覆盖.
Only one bone on your face actually moves—your jaw, or the mandible (MAN-dih-bul).
你脸上只有一根骨头会动 你的下巴或可修补的骨头
Only two muscles on your face are needed to raise and lower your jaw.
你脸上只有两根肌肉才能抬起下巴
The temporalis is connected to your temple, and the masseter (ma-SEET-er) is connected to your cheekbone.
暂时性与你的神庙相接,按摩师(ma-SEET-er)与你的颊骨相接.
A Muscle Minute Achilles was a warrior in Greek myth whose only weak spot was his heel.
在希腊神话中,"肌肉分钟"(A Muscle minute Achilles)是一名战士,他唯一的弱点是脚跟.
The tendon that connects the calf muscle to the heel bone is called the Achilles tendon after him.
将小腿肌肉与后跟骨相接的垂体被称作"阿喀琉斯垂体".
Y our jaw muscles help you bite and chew food.
我们的下巴肌肉帮助你咬和咀嚼食物。
The sartorius muscle allows this runner’s knee to bend so she can stretch her leg muscles.
萨托里乌斯的肌肉可以让这名跑腿的膝盖弯曲来伸展腿部肌肉.
Don’t Think About It—the Smooth Muscles Every time you eat, you set a variety of muscles into motion.
不要去想它——平滑的肌肉 每吃一顿会把各种肌肉放入运动.
A few of those muscles are skeletal, because they move your jaw up and down.
这些肌肉中有一些是骨骼的, 因为它们会把你的下巴上下移动。
Other muscles move inside your body to help move food through your system.
其他肌肉会移动到你体内,以帮助通过你的系统移动食物.
These muscles move without any instructions from you.
这些肌肉在没有任何指示的情况下移动.
Moving all on their own, or involuntarily, these muscles are called smooth muscles.
自行移动,或非自愿地移动,这些肌肉被称作平滑肌.
Smooth muscles are generally smaller and thinner than skeletal muscles.
平滑肌肉一般比骨骼肌肉更小更薄.
They are responsible for the small ways in which the organs inside your body move.
他们负责你体内器官的小移动方式.
Smooth muscles push food to your stomach; then smooth muscles push food from your stomach into your intestines.
平滑肌肉将食物推入胃;再平滑肌肉将食物从胃中推入肠道.
Eventually, smooth muscles push the unused food out of your body.
最终,平滑的肌肉将未用的食物推出身体.
So what do the other muscles on your face move?
你脸上的其他肌肉都动了些什么?
They move other muscles, which are attached to the skull.
它们会移动其他肌肉,这些肌肉被附着在头骨上.
As the muscles move under your skin, your face shows different expressions.
随着肌肉在你的皮肤下移动,你的脸表现出了不同的表情.
For example, some muscles of your face help you to smile and frown.
例如,你脸上的一些肌肉帮助你微笑和皱眉.
Muscles that help you smile are attached to your cheekbone on one end and to your lips on the other.
帮助你微笑的肌肉被附着在一端的颊骨上,另一端的嘴唇上.
When the muscles contract, your lips move up.
当肌肉收缩时 你的嘴唇会向上移动
Other muscles are attached to the chin and the lips.
其他肌肉被附着于下巴和唇上.
These muscles pull your lips down into a frown.
这些肌肉把你嘴唇拉下皱眉.
A Muscle Minute How many muscles are needed to make you smile?
肌肉分钟 需要多少肌肉才能让你微笑?
Seventeen!
十七岁!
That’s nothing, though, compared to how many muscles are needed to form a frown—forty!
但与形成皱眉需要多少肌肉相比,
That’s more than double the amount needed to smile.
这比微笑要多一倍多。
So it really does take less effort to smile than to frown.
所以笑比皱眉要少一点努力
Involuntary muscles keep your food moving through your body.
非自愿的肌肉让你的食物在身体中移动.
Y ou can use your muscles to make unusual faces.
你可以用你的肌肉来做不寻常的面孔
One More—the Cardiac Muscle Your body has one more type of muscle, and it is the only one of its kind.
多一个心肌 你的身体还有一种肌肉 它是唯一一种
It is the cardiac muscle, or your heart.
是心肌 还是你的心脏
Like the smooth muscles, your heart muscle is always in motion, even though you haven’t asked it to do anything.
就像平滑的肌肉一样,你的心肌总是在运动中,尽管你没有要求它做任何事情.
It is an involuntary muscle, pumping and pushing blood through your body, every minute, every second, of every day.
它是一种非自愿的肌肉,抽出和推出血液穿过你的身体,每一分每一秒,每一天。
Your heart keeps your body running smoothly by pumping blood throughout your body.
你的心通过全身出血来保持身体的平稳运行.
The heart has openings that control the flow of blood moving through it.
心脏有能控制血液流动的开口.
These openings, called valves, are controlled by smooth muscles, which open and close the valves.
这些开口称为阀门,由平滑的肌肉来控制,这些肌肉会打开并关闭阀门.
In fact, the shutting of the valves is the sound of your heart beating.
事实上,阀门的关闭 是你的心跳的声音。
When smooth muscles inside your heart contract, blood moves from one section of the heart to the other.
当心内平滑的肌肉收缩后,血液会从心的某一个部分移动到另一部分.
Your heart might not be the biggest muscle in your body, but it is definitely the most important.
你的心可能不是身体中最大的肌肉 但绝对是最重要的
Blood vessels also have smooth muscles, and these muscles are found inside the vessels’ walls.
血管还具有平滑的肌肉,这些肌肉存在于血管的墙上.
These smooth muscles help push blood through the vessels and ultimately through your body.
这些平滑的肌肉有助于将血液推入血管,并最终通过你的身体.
Smooth muscles are also important for breathing.
平滑的肌肉对呼吸也很重要.
Once the air enters your body, smooth muscles push the air downward and into your lungs.
一旦空气进入你的身体,平滑的肌肉会把空气向下推入你的肺.
Without smooth muscles, you wouldn’t be able to breathe, your blood would not be able to flow, and your food would not pass into your stomach and out again.
没有平滑的肌肉,你就无法呼吸,血液也无法流动,食物也不会流入胃中再出。
The Eyes Have It Another important smooth muscle is in your eye.
眼睛有它 另一个重要的平滑肌肉 在你的眼睛。
The black part of your eye is called the pupil.
眼睛的黑色部分叫做瞳孔.
It gets bigger when you are in the dark to let in more light, and it gets smaller when you are in the light to limit the light.
当你在黑暗中让出更多的光时,它会变大;而当你在光下限制光时,它会变小.
How does the pupil get bigger and smaller?
瞳孔怎么变大变小?
Muscles pull the pupil open and closed.
肌肉将瞳孔拉开并关闭.
What you need: A flashlight, mirror, and dark room.
你需要的东西: 手电筒、镜子和暗室
with the flashlight off.
用手电筒关闭。
See how large your pupils are.
看看你的瞳孔有多长
pupils get smaller.
瞳孔变小了
A doctor holds a human heart removed during transplant surgery.
医生持有在移植手术中取出的人心.
The average adult heart beats 72 times per minute.
成人平均心跳为每分钟72次.
One beat is one lub-dub.
一拍即为一接.
That means each lub-dub and rest happens in less than one second!
意思是每个小弟弟 休息不到一秒钟
A Closer Look You’ve probably noticed that skeletal muscles appear to be dark and rather stringy.
仔细看看 你可能注意到骨骼肌肉看起来很阴暗,
Muscles are made up of special cells called fibers, and the fibers are, indeed, very long.
肌肉由被称为纤维的特殊细胞所组成,纤维确实非常长.
In addition, each muscle fiber is made up of smaller fibers, called myofibrils.
此外,每个肌肉纤维由较小的纤维所组成,称为"肌纤维".
Long muscle fibers are bound together in groups called fascicles.
长肌肉纤维被捆绑成一组,称为分册.
All the fascicles are held together by tissues, and the fascicles and tissues make up one strand of muscle.
所有的分册都由组织组织在一起,分册和组织构成一股肌肉.
So one muscle can have several thousand fibers, and many more myofibrils.
因此,一个肌肉可以有几千个纤维, 和更多的肌萎缩。
Protein Power Protein is an important building block for muscles.
蛋白质动力蛋白是肌肉的重要构件.
Eating protein replenishes the protein in your muscles, keeping your muscles strong.
食用蛋白能补充肌肉中的蛋白质,使肌肉坚固.
Luckily, you can get all the protein you need from almost any food that isn’t “junk food,” including grains, vegetables, meat, eggs, and legumes (beans, peas, soy, lentils, and peanuts).
幸运的是,你可以从几乎所有非“杂粮”的食物中获取所有你需要的蛋白质,包括谷物、蔬菜、肉类、鸡蛋和豆类(豆类、豌豆、大豆、扁豆和花生等)。
How the Cardiac Muscle Works When doctors listen to your heart they hear your cardiac muscle contracting.
心脏肌肉是如何工作的 当医生听你的心脏 他们听到你的心肌收缩。
The sound it makes is lub- dub.
它发出的声音是"哑".
The lub is the cardiac muscle contracting the upper chambers of the heart.
润滑是心脏肌肉 与心脏上部相接
The dub is the cardiac muscle contracting the lower chambers of the heart.
哑弹是心脏肌肉 与心室下部相接
chambers.
房间。
rest of your body.
{\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}你身体的其余部分
with blood again.
又有血迹了
think about it.
考虑一下
Muscle Building Your smooth muscles and your cardiac muscle are constantly moving, so you don’t need to exercise them.
肌肉大楼 你的平滑肌肉和心肌在不停地运动,所以你不需要锻炼它们.
Your skeletal muscles, however, need you to take care of them.
不过你的骨骼肌肉需要你照顾
Your muscles adjust to the way your body uses them.
你的肌肉适应身体使用它们的方式.
If you use your muscles a lot, your muscles remain strong and may even become stronger.
如果你经常使用肌肉,你的肌肉会保持坚固,甚至可能变得更强.
Health experts tell us to exercise to keep our muscles working properly.
卫生专家要求我们锻炼,保持肌肉正常运转.
Muscles also become tired.
肌肉也变得疲惫.
Unlike your smooth and cardiac muscles, which never rest, your skeletal muscles do need to rest.
不像你的平滑和心肌, 它从来不休息, 你的骨骼肌肉确实需要休息。
It takes a lot of oxygen to keep these muscles moving.
保持这些肌肉运动需要大量氧气.
Rest helps the muscles regain their strength.
休息可以帮助肌肉恢复体力
If you compare the three types of muscles under a microscope, you can see other ways in which skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles differ.
如果在显微镜下比较这三种类型的肌肉,可以看到骨骼,平滑,心肌不同的其他方式.
The cells of the skeletal muscles appear separate and straight.
骨骼肌的细胞出现分立而直立.
Smooth-muscle cells are also straight, but they are more firmly connected.
平滑-肌肉细胞也是直立的,但它们的联系更牢固.
The cells of the cardiac muscle, or the heart, are more wavy and branching.
心肌或心肌的细胞多为花生和分枝.
Different ways to exercise your skeletal muscles Cardiac muscle cells A Muscle Minute The smallest muscle in your body is a smooth muscle, and it is in your ear.
锻炼骨骼肌的不同方法 心肌细胞 A肌肉分钟 身体中最小的肌肉是平滑的肌肉,它在你的耳朵里.
It is called the stapedius, and it controls the movement of a bone in your ear.
它叫做"分身" 它能控制你耳朵上骨头的移动
Y ou would need a microscope to see this muscle—it is only 0.
你需要一个显微镜才能看见这个肌肉——它只有0.
01 inches (0.
01英寸(0.
0254 cm) long.
0254厘米)长.
However, when you are not very active, your muscles are not active.
然而,当你不非常活跃时,你的肌肉并不活跃.
Slowly, they adjust to being inactive, becoming weaker and weaker.
慢慢地,它们适应于无所事事,变弱变弱.
Weak muscles don’t allow you to do as many activities; for example, you won’t be able to run very far or for very long, and you won’t be able to lift heavy objects.
弱肌肉不允许你做同样多的活动;例如,你无法跑得很远或很长,也无法举起重物。
That’s where “bodybuilding” comes in.
这就是“机构建设”出现的地方。
Bodybuilding is really muscle building.
体能建设其实就是肌肉建设.
People “build” their bodies by making their muscles bigger and stronger.
人们通过使肌肉变大和变强来"建立"自己的身体.
As they lift weights, their muscles adjust to the activity and become more powerful, so more and more weight can be lifted each time.
当它们举起重量时,它们的肌肉会适应活性并变得更强大,因此每次可以举起越来越多的重量.
At first, the muscles will not be able to lift very heavy loads.
起先,肌肉将无法举起非常重的负载.
Over time and with constant training, the muscles build and become strong.
随着时间的推移和不断的训练,肌肉会积聚并变得强大.
Sometimes people can actually stretch their muscles too far.
有时人们实际上可以把肌肉伸得太远.
When this happens, a doctor will say they have “pulled a muscle.
当发生这种情况时,医生会说,他们“打动了肌肉。
” Often when a muscle has been pulled, some muscle fibers have torn.
“ 通常当肌肉被拉出时,一些肌肉纤维被撕裂.
The muscle usually hurts, and it might even feel a little tight.
肌肉通常会痛,甚至可能感觉有些紧.
Rest will help the muscle to heal and rebuild its broken fibers.
休息会帮助肌肉愈合并重建被破坏的纤维.
Muscles also weaken if you break a bone.
如果骨折,肌肉也会减弱.
Broken bones are healed by preventing the bones from moving.
断骨由能能取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取取.
If the bones don’t move, then the muscles don’t move either.
如果骨头不动,肌肉也不动。
When a cast comes off, the broken bone will be stronger, but the muscles will be weak.
当一石膏出后,骨折会更坚固,但肌肉会很弱.
Doing slow, moderate exercise will strengthen the weakened muscles.
进行缓慢而中度的锻炼会增强被削弱的肌肉.
Conclusion Your body is a muscle machine.
结论 你的身体是一个肌肉机器。
To keep your muscles working, the muscles need to remain active.
为了保持肌肉运转,肌肉需要保持活性.
Doctors stress the importance of exercise for keeping muscles strong, and they’re right.
医生们强调锻炼肌肉的重要性,
Exercise not only strengthens your skeletal muscles, but it keeps your heart pumping and your blood flowing.
锻炼不仅能加强你的骨骼肌肉,还能使你的心跳和血液流动.
Your muscles react to the messages you send to your brain.
你的肌肉对发送到大脑的信息有反应.
Tell your muscles to move, and they will.
告诉你的肌肉移动,他们会的。
Exercise your muscles daily, and they’ll work more efficiently.
每天锻炼肌肉,
So go on—get moving, and mind your muscles!
继续走,小心你的肌肉!
Bodybuilders.
健体者.
lift weights to.
举起重来
build muscles.
积聚肌肉.