Egypt
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Where Is It?
内容表在哪里?
............................... 4 People.................................... 6 Land..................................... 8 History.................................. 10 Landmarks.............................. 12 Animals................................. 13 Conclusion............................... 14 Glossary................................. 16 Where Is It?
页:1 4 人. . 6 地. 8 历史. 10 地标。 12 动物. 13 结论。 14 词汇表. 16号在哪里?
Cairo (KEYE-roh), the capital of Egypt, is located in the north, along the Nile River. It is one of the largest cities in Africa. Cairo sits on the same site as it did one thousand years ago. More than eleven million people live there today. Cairo is a mixture of ancient and modern buildings. Historic buildings and mosques— places of worship for Muslims—stand near other modern buildings. Cairo is also a mixture of bustling city streets and grassy areas. Skyscrapers jut into the sky next to lush, green land. Because fertile land is so scarce, some of these areas are used for farming. In older areas, the streets are narrow and crowded. Here, people shop at covered bazaars. Tea and coffeehouses provide places for people to enjoy local refreshments. People More than eighty-six million people live in Egypt. Many people live along the banks of the Nile River, which runs through the eastern part of the country. Many of Egypt’s cities and towns are located along the Nile, because it provides much of Egypt’s water. People use ground water for cooking, washing, and drinking, and they use river water for irrigating crops. The rest of the country contains mainly deserts and a few mountains. Many farmers grow cotton for Egypt’s large textile industry in the fertile land near the Nile. Farmers also grow wheat, rice, corn, beans, fruits, and vegetables. In Egypt’s cities, many people work in service industries such as hotels, restaurants, and banks. Tourism is an important part of Egypt’s economy. In addition, people work in factories to produce cloth and process food. Western-style hotels and other modern buildings line the banks of the Nile in Cairo.
开罗 (埃及首都KEYE-roh),位于北部,尼罗河沿岸. 它是非洲最大的城市之一。 开罗与一千年前一样坐落在同一个站点上. 今天有1 100多万人生活在那里。 开罗是古代和现代建筑的混合地. 历史建筑和清真寺——穆斯林的礼拜场所——站在其他现代建筑附近。 开罗也是繁忙的城市街道和草地地区的混合地. Skyscrapers 向天空喷射 旁边的花地,绿地。 由于肥沃的土地如此地稀少,有的地区被用来耕作. 在较老的地区,街道狭窄而拥挤. 在这里,人们购物 在覆盖的集市。 茶馆和咖啡馆为人们提供享受当地快餐的场所. 超过8600万人生活在埃及. 许多人生活在尼罗河河岸一带,河道通向该国东部. 埃及的许多城镇都位于尼罗河一带,因为它提供了埃及的大部分水源. 人们使用地下水来做饭,洗涤和饮用,他们使用河水来灌溉农作物. 其他地区主要有沙漠和少数山地. 许多农民在尼罗河附近的肥沃地上为埃及的大型纺织业种植棉花. 农民还种植小麦,水稻,玉米,豆子,水果和蔬菜. 在埃及的城市,许多人在酒店,餐馆,银行等服务业工作. 旅游业是埃及经济的重要组成部分. 此外,人们在工厂工作,生产布料并加工食品. 西式酒店和其他现代建筑连通了开罗尼罗河岸.
Many farmers along the Nile use animals such as donkeys to help them carry crops and supplies.
尼罗河沿岸的许多农民利用驴等动物来帮助他们携带农作物和物资.
Most people in Egypt speak some form of Arabic. Most Egyptians are Arabs descended from people who originally lived in the Arabian Peninsula in Asia. The Arabian Peninsula is where Saudi Arabia and several other countries are now located. Many different groups of Arabs live in Egypt. The form of Arabic they speak depends on where they live. Other Egyptians are of African descent. Many of these groups have their own languages, too. Although most people live near the Nile, a few groups live in the deserts. The Bedouins (BEH-duh-wenz) herd animals in the deserts throughout the country. Most Egyptians are Muslims, or followers of the religion of Islam. Some Egyptians follow Christian religions. Land Deserts cover most of Egypt. The Western Desert covers two thirds of the country. The Eastern Desert covers a smaller part. The even smaller Sinai Desert covers the Sinai Peninsula. All these deserts are part of the Sahara Desert. However, each desert is different. The Western Desert looks like a sea of sand dunes with many sharp rocks. The Eastern Desert has wadis (WAH- deez), or beds of seasonal rivers. Wadis only fill up with water after a heavy rain. The Eastern Desert also includes rugged mountains. The Sinai Desert has tall mountains and deep canyons. In all three deserts, green oases can be found. Muslims attend a sermon at a mosque in Cairo.
埃及大多数人会说某种形式的阿拉伯语. 大多数埃及人都是阿拉伯人,他们来自最初生活在亚洲阿拉伯半岛的人. 阿拉伯半岛是沙特阿拉伯和其他几个国家现在所处地. 许多不同的阿拉伯人群体生活在埃及. 他们的阿拉伯语形式取决于他们居住的地方. 其他埃及人都是非洲裔. 其中许多群体也有自己的语言。 虽然大多数人生活在尼罗河附近,但少数群体生活在沙漠中. 贝都因人(BEH-duh-wenz)在全国沙漠中放养出动物. 大多数埃及人都是穆斯林,或信奉伊斯兰教. 一些埃及人信奉基督教宗教. 陆地沙漠覆盖了埃及的大部分地区. 西部沙漠覆盖了全国三分之二. 东部沙漠占地面积较小. 更小的西奈沙漠覆盖了西奈半岛. 所有这些沙漠都是撒哈拉沙漠的一部分. 然而,每个沙漠都是不同的. 西部沙漠外观为沙丘之海,多有尖锐的岩石. 东部沙漠有河床或季节性河流。 瓦地只有在大雨后再倒满水. 东部沙漠还包括崎岖的山脉. 西奈沙漠有高山和深峡谷. 在三个沙漠中都能找到绿色绿洲. 穆斯林参加开罗清真寺的布道会。
The fertile Nile River Valley lies between the Western and Eastern deserts. The Nile is the longest river in the world. It flows from south to north and ends at the Mediterranean Sea. Near its mouth, the river spreads out into smaller rivers, forming a triangle of fertile land. This area of land around the river’s mouth is the Nile Delta. It is some of the most fertile land in Egypt. The Nile Delta stretches for about 160 kilometers (100 mi.) between Cairo and the Mediterranean Sea. In the south of Egypt, the Nile forms a large lake. Lake Nasser was created in the 1960s when a dam was built, blocking the flow of the Nile. It is one of the world’s largest artificial lakes. History Egypt is home to one of the world’s first civilizations. The Nile provided rich land for ancient Egyptians. As a result, they were among the first people to grow crops and use a plow. For about three thousand years, thirty different dynasties ruled ancient Egypt. The kings of Egypt were called pharaohs (FEHR-ohz). The ancient Egyptians believed the pharaohs were living gods. During these dynasties, pharaohs built huge stone temples and monuments. Some, such as the Pyramids of Giza, are tombs for the pharaohs. Between about 2700 and 1000 bc, Egypt was one of the greatest civilizations in the world. The Nile runs through most of Egypt’s cities and towns, including Aswan, shown here.
肥沃的尼罗河河谷位于西部和东部沙漠之间. 尼罗河是世界上最长的河流. 由南向北流出并止于地中海. 在其口附近,河流向外分出为更小的河流,形成一三角多肥沃的土地. 河口一带的土地是尼罗河三角洲。 它是埃及一些最肥沃的土地. 尼罗河三角洲绵延了大约160公里(100英里),位于开罗和地中海之间. 在埃及南部,尼罗河形成一个大湖. 纳赛尔湖创建于1960年代,当时修建了一座大坝,阻断了尼罗河的出行. 它是世界上最大的人工湖之一。 埃及是世界上最早的文明之一。 尼罗河为古埃及人提供了丰富的土地. 因此,他们是最早种植作物并使用犁地的人之一. 在大约三千年的时间里,三十个不同的王朝统治了古埃及. 埃及的国王被称为法老(FEHR-ohz). 古埃及人相信法老是活神. 在这些王朝时期,法老建造了巨大的石庙和纪念碑. 有的如吉扎活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活活佛活佛活佛活佛活活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活佛活活活活佛活佛活佛活活活活佛活活佛活佛活活活佛活活活活活活佛活佛活佛活佛活活活活活活活佛活活活活活佛活活佛活佛活活活活 在大约2700至1000 bc之间,埃及是世界上最伟大的文明之一. 尼罗河穿过埃及大部分城镇,
The Great Pyramid The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the largest and oldest of the Pyramids of Giza.
大金字塔 克福活佛的大金字塔是吉萨活佛中规模最大并最古老的活佛.
It was built around 2589 bc.
该堂建于2589 bc左右.
About 2.
约二.
3 million blocks of stone were cut and put together to create the giant structure.
被切割出300万块石块并拼接而成,以创造出巨大的结构.
Branching hallways lead into the pyramid.
分行走廊通向金字塔.
These hallways end in several different rooms, some of which are burial chambers.
这些走廊以几个不同的房间为终点,其中一些是埋葬室.
Over the centuries, several outside forces gained control of Egypt. In 332 bc, the emperor Alexander the Great took Egypt. He founded the city of Alexandria, which still sits on the northern coast. Egypt was part of the Greek Empire for more than three hundred years. In ad 640, Egypt was conquered by armies from the Arabian Peninsula. The Arabs made Cairo the capital city. They also brought the religion of Islam, and many Egyptians became Muslims. Some Egyptians remained Christians. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, Egypt was part of the Ottoman Empire, an empire that began in T urkey. In the eighteenth century, France tried to take over Egypt. This caused the British to become involved in Egypt’ s government because they did not want France to gain control of Egypt. At the beginning of World War I (1914–1918), Egypt came under the control of the British Empire. Finally, in 1922, Egypt won partial independence from Britain. Landmarks Every year, millions of people visit Egypt to see its ancient landmarks. Some of the most famous ones are the Pyramids of Giza. These are located just outside Cairo. The Great Sphinx, a figure made out of stone, also sits there. Another popular site is the Valley of the Kings in southern Egypt, near the city of Luxor. Some of Egypt’s most famous pharaohs were buried there in more than sixty tombs. Many of the treasures from the tombs were stolen by robbers long ago. The tomb of Tutankhamun (toot-an- KAH-muhn) still had its treasures when it was discovered in 1922. Many of these amazing treasures now sit in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Near the Valley of the Kings are other ruins of great temples built by the pharaohs. The Great Sphinx has the head of a man and the body of a lion.
几个世纪以来,一些外出势力获得了埃及的控制权. 332 bc)中,皇帝亚历山大大帝夺取了埃及. 他建立了亚历山大城,至今仍坐落于北部海岸. 埃及在三百多年间是希腊帝国的一部分. 在ad 640中,埃及被阿拉伯半岛的军队所征服. 阿拉伯人使开罗成为首都. 他们还带来了伊斯兰教,许多埃及人成为了穆斯林. 一些埃及人仍然是基督徒。 在15和16世纪,埃及是奥斯曼帝国的一部分,这个帝国始于特克. 18世纪,法国试图占领埃及. 这导致英国人参与埃及政府,因为他们不希望法国得到埃及的控制. 第一次世界大战(1914–1918)初期,埃及被大英帝国所控制. 最后,1922年,埃及从英国获得部分独立. 地标 每年有上百万人来埃及参观其古代地标. 最出名的有吉萨活佛. 这些都位于开罗之外。 大狮身人面像,由石制成的图案,也坐在那里. 另一个受欢迎的地点是埃及南部靠近卢克索城的国王之谷. 埃及一些最出名的法老被葬于此地有60多座坟墓. 墓中出土的多件宝物很早就被盗取. 图坦克哈蒙墓(tot-an-KAH-muhn)在1922年被出土时还保存有其珍宝. 许多这些令人惊叹的珍宝现在都坐在开罗的埃及博物馆. 国王之谷附近是法老所建大殿的其他废墟. 大狮身人面像有人头和狮子的身体.
Gold mask of Tutankhamun The Suez Canal in Egypt connects the Mediterranean and the Red seas.
图坦卡蒙的金口罩 埃及的苏伊士运河连接了地中海和红海.
The French built the canal between 1859 and 1869.
法国人于1859至1869年间修建了运河.
Animals People in Egypt raise many animals, such as sheep, goats, donkeys, and water buffalo. Some people also raise and use camels for work. Some wild animals live in the harsh desert environments. Many of them only come out at night when the air is cooler. One desert animal is the fennec, a small fox with large ears. The fennec spends most of its day underground in a burrow. It comes out at night to find food. Many snakes, lizards, and scorpions also live in the desert. One type of lizard is the spiny-tailed lizard. The ibex (EYE-beks), a type of goat, is another desert animal. The Nile and its valley are also home to many kinds of animals. Fish swim in the river, and crocodiles can be found in the southern part of the Nile. Conclusion Egypt is an amazing country filled with treasures. Both animals and people live in its deserts. The Nile River cuts through the country, dividing the deserts into two parts. It is a source of water and good farmland for millions of people. Millions of tourists visit Egypt each year to learn about its fascinating past and see ancient landmarks. This history, along with its people and animals, makes Egypt a fantastic place to learn about. Some villages in southern Egypt have beautiful and colorfully painted buildings.
埃及人饲养多只动物,如绵羊,山羊,驴子和水牛等. 一些人还饲养并使用骆驼做工. 一些野生动物生活在恶劣的沙漠环境中. 其中许多只在晚上空气凉快时才会出来. 一个沙漠动物是芬纳克,一只有大耳朵的小狐狸. 芬纳克大部分时间都待在地底的洞穴里 出出夜出来取取取食. 许多蛇,蜥蜴和蝎子也活在沙漠中. 一种蜥蜴是脊尾蜥蜴. ib(学名:EYE-beks),是山羊科 goat属的一种,为又一种沙漠动物. 尼罗河及其河谷也是多种动物的栖息地. 在河中游出鱼来,在尼罗河南部可以发现鳄鱼. 埃及是一个充满了宝藏的神奇国家。 动物和人们都生活在它的沙漠中. 尼罗河纵贯全国,将沙漠一分为二. 它是数百万人的水源和好农田。 每年有上百万游客来埃及了解其迷人的过去并看到古老地标. 这段历史,连同其人民和动物,使埃及成为了学习的奇妙之地. 埃及南部的一些村庄有美丽而彩色的建筑.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency (July 2014), World Bank Glossary bazaars (n.)
资料来源:中央情报局(2014年7月),世界银行词汇集市(n.)
markets with rows of small shops (p. 5) dunes (n.)
拥有一行小商店的市场(p. 5) 沙丘 (n.
hills of sand formed by wind (p. 8) dynasties (n.)
由风所形成的沙丘(p. 8) 王朝 (n.
series of rulers from the same family in a country (p. 10) empire (n.)
国家(p. 10)帝国(n.
a collection of nations or people ruled by one person or government (p. 11) irrigating (v.)
由一人或政府统治的国家或人民汇编(第11页)
supplying land with water, especially to help crops grow (p. 6) Islam (n.)
为土地提供水,特别是帮助作物种植(p. 6) 伊斯兰教(n.
the monotheistic faith of Muslims, based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad (p. 7) oases (n.)
穆斯林的一神论信仰,基于先知穆罕默德的教义(第7页)绿洲 (n.
fertile places with water in a desert (p. 8) peninsula (n.)
沙漠有水的肥沃地(第8页) 半岛 (n.
a piece of land almost completely surrounded by water (p. 4) pharaohs (n.)
一块被水所几乎完全包围的土地(第4页) 法老 (n.
titles given to kings in ancient Egypt (p. 10) pyramids (n.)
古埃及给国王的头衔 (第10页) 金字塔 (n.
large buildings with three or more sides shaped like a triangle (p. 10) textile (n.)
大型建筑有三面或多面形状为三角形(第10页)纺织(n.
fabric that is woven or knitted (p. 6) tourism (n.)
编织或编织的织物(第6页) 旅游业(n.
the business of providing services for people who travel for pleasure (p. 6) Population: 86,895,099 Land: 995,450 sq km (622,272 sq.
为游玩者提供服务的业务(p. 6) 人口:86,895,099人 地:995,450平方公里(622,272平方公里.
mi.)
(中文(简体) ).