A Crafty Escape
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Born into Slavery.
4 生为奴.
5 A Decision Fueled by Love.
5 由爱推动的决定。
6 Preparing and Planning.
6 准备和规划。
8 The Great Escape Begins.
8"大逃难开始".
10 Setting Sail for Freedom.
10 设置自由之帆。
12 Across the Ocean to Safety.
12 《从海洋到安全》。
13 The Long Trip Home.
13"长途之家".
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Ellen Craft William Craft Introduction Dressing in costume as someone else can be entertaining and fun.
16 埃伦·克拉夫特·威廉克拉夫特介绍 穿成装扮成别人可以有娱乐和乐趣.
Now imagine that your life depends on how well you play that part.
现在想象一下,你的生活取决于你表现的如何。
In the nineteenth century, the Crafts did just that.
在19世纪,手工业者就是这样做的。
They disguised themselves to escape from slavery in the South.
他们伪装自己逃离南方的奴隶制.
People as Property The Crafts, like all black slaves in nineteenth-century America, were considered property.
人作为财产 克拉夫特人同19世纪美国所有的黑人奴隶一样,被认为是地产.
They were forced to do whatever their owners wanted them to do.
他们被迫做他们主人想做的事。
They had few of the rights enjoyed by white people.
他们几乎没有白人享有的权利。
They could not learn to read or write.
他们无法学会读写。
They could be bought and sold.
他们可以买卖。
They also could be starved, beaten, or even killed if they angered their owners.
如果他们激怒主人,他们还可能被饿死、殴打甚至杀害。
In January 1863, President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, which granted freedom to many, but not all, slaves.
1863年1月,林肯总统签署"解放宣言",给予许多,但不是所有奴隶自由.
The original proclamation freed all slaves in most slaveholding states.
最初的公告释放了大多数被奴役州的奴隶.
It did not pertain to Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri.
它与特拉华州,马里兰州,肯塔基州,和密苏里州无关.
The slaves in those states would have to wait two more years to be free.
这些州的奴隶要等两年才能自由
Born into Slavery William and Ellen Craft were black Americans born into slavery.
生入奴隶威廉和爱伦·克拉夫特是美国黑人生入奴隶.
William, born in 1824, lived in Macon, Georgia.
威廉生于1824年,住格鲁吉亚马康.
His family was owned by a man who liked to gamble.
他的家人是一个喜欢赌博的人。
To settle his debts, the man sold off the members of William’s family, one at a time.
为了还清他的债务,这名男子把威廉的家人卖了,一次一个地卖了.
William was sold when he was sixteen years old.
威廉16岁时被卖出.
He had been working as a carpenter and was quite skilled.
他一直从事木匠工作,而且很熟练。
His new owner realized that he could gain a good income from William’s skills.
他的新主人意识到他可以从威廉的技能中获得好的收入.
He let William continue to work as a cabinetmaker and earn money for him.
他让威廉继续做柜员,为他赚钱.
Ellen was two years younger than William.
埃伦比威廉小两岁.
Her mother was a slave and her father a white slaveholder.
她的母亲是奴隶,她的父亲是白人奴隶持有者.
Ellen’s skin was very light, and people didn’t suspect she had a slave mother.
爱伦的皮肤很浅,
At the age of eleven, Ellen was “given” to her newly married half sister to work as her servant.
11岁时,Ellen被“送给”她新婚的同父异母的姐姐做她的仆人。
Ellen moved to Macon with her half sister’s family.
爱伦与同父异母的妹妹家庭一起搬到了马康.
There, she eventually met William.
在那里,她最终遇到了威廉.
Ellen Craft William Craft A Decision Fueled by Love William and Ellen fell in love and wanted to be together, but slave marriages were complicated.
埃伦·克拉夫特·威廉·克拉夫特 A裁决 被"爱·威廉"和"爱伦"所激起的爱恋并想在一起,但奴隶婚姻很复杂.
Slaves needed their owners’ permission to wed.
奴隶结婚需要其主人的许可。
If married slaves had different owners, the couple could not live together.
如果已婚奴隶有不同的主人,夫妻不能共同生活.
In 1846, Ellen and William got permission and were married.
1846年,埃伦和威廉获得许可并结婚.
For two years, they lived apart, seeing each other only occasionally.
两年来,他们分开生活,只偶尔见面.
Being apart was hard for the Crafts.
离家出走对工匠来说很困难
They knew that one of them could be sold at any time and sent far away from the other.
他们知道其中之一可以随时被卖出,并被送去远离另一个.
The Crafts realized that the only way they could live as a family would be to escape and flee north.
工匠们意识到,他们作为一家人唯一能够活下来的方法就是逃离并北上.
Black people could live freely in the Northern states.
黑人可以在北方各州自由生活.
But how could the Crafts do it without being caught?
但工匠们怎么能不被抓就动手呢?
Fortunately, William had a plan.
幸运的是,威廉有一个计划.
Free or Slave?
自由还是奴隶?
In 1860, there were thirty-three states in the United States.
1860年,美国共有33个州.
Slavery was legal in the fifteen Southern “slave states” and illegal in the eighteen Northern “free states.”
奴隶制在南方15个“奴隶州”是合法的,在北方18个“自由州”是非法的。 “
In the states where slavery was legal, black slaves had none of the rights of their white owners.
在奴隶制是合法的各州,黑人奴隶没有白人所有者的权利。
In free states, black people could live as free citizens.
在自由州,黑人可以作为自由公民生活.
The slave states seceded from the United States to form the Confederacy.
奴隶国从美国分出成立邦联.
After the Confederates lost the Civil War, the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution abolished slavery in the United States, and all states became free states.
邦联战败后,宪法第十三修正案废除了美国的奴隶制,所有州都成为了自由州.
Slavery in States and Territories, 1860 Free states Slave states Territories open to slavery Preparing and Planning William came up with a daring scheme.
1860年各州和领土的奴隶制 奴隶国领土对奴隶制开放 准备和规划威廉想出了一个大胆的计划。
They would travel to Pennsylvania, the nearest free state.
他们会去宾夕法尼亚州 最近的自由州
Because Ellen’s skin was so light, she would pretend to be a white person.
因为爱伦的皮肤这么浅,她会假装是一个白人.
William could travel with her as her loyal house servant.
威廉可以和她一起旅行 作为她忠心的仆人.
There was just one problem—Ellen could not travel as a woman.
只有一个问题... 埃伦不能像女人一样旅行
Women of that era did not travel alone, and they certainly didn’t travel with a male slave!
女性并非独自出行,
There was only one way their plan would work.
他们的计划只有一种方法能成功
Ellen had to travel disguised as a white man.
埃伦不得不伪装成白人出行.
Ellen was fearful at first.
爱伦一开始很害怕。
If they were caught, they would be harshly punished.
如果他们被抓住,就会受到严厉的惩罚。
She finally agreed when William told her how her disguise would work.
当威廉告诉她她的伪装会如何工作时,她终于同意了.
The night of the escape, William would cut her hair short.
逃跑当晚,威廉会剪短发.
She would wear special undergarments to hide her figure.
她会穿着特别的内衣来隐藏自己的身材.
She would also wear a bandage around her face and green spectacles.
她还会用绷带缠住她的脸和绿色眼镜
These would hide her smooth skin and womanly features.
这些会隐藏她的光滑皮肤和女性特征.
To complete the disguise, Ellen would wear one arm in a sling.
为了完成伪装,爱伦会穿一只手 在一圈。
Ellen had never learned to read or write.
爱伦从未学会读写.
An injured arm would give her the perfect excuse not to have to sign her name for tickets.
一个受伤的手臂会给她一个完美的借口 不必在票上签名
Traveling as an invalid would also explain William’s presence as a good servant helping his master.
作为一名残疾人出行也会解释威廉作为好仆人在场帮助主人的原因.
As long as they acted their parts, no one would suspect a thing.
只要他们做他们的角色, 没有人会怀疑的事情。
The Great Escape Begins The Crafts decided to leave on December 21, 1848.
大逃亡开始 克拉夫特人决定于1848年12月21日离开.
William had been hiding money from his cabinetmaking for their trip.
威廉为他们的出行 一直躲着钱
The couple asked their owners for some time off for Christmas.
这对夫妇向主人请了一段时间的圣诞节假.
Owners often gave slaves time off to celebrate with their families.
主人经常给奴隶放假与家人一起庆祝.
The Crafts could leave and not be missed until they were long gone.
工匠们可以离开,并且不会被错过,直到他们早已离开.
When the day came, William cut Ellen’s hair and helped her into her costume.
当天到来时,威廉剪了埃伦的头发并帮她穿上了服装.
They both said a prayer and went into town to buy train tickets to Savannah, Georgia.
他们都祈祷,并进城购买去佐治亚州萨凡纳的火车票.
Travel at that time was segregated, so they boarded separate train cars.
当时的出行被隔离,因此他们登上单独的列车车厢.
Then they sat and waited to begin their trip.
然后他们坐下来等待开始旅行。
The Crafts’ Escape Route December 21–25, 1848 Boston, Boston Liverpool, England Washington, D.
手工业者逃生路线 1848年12月21-25日 波士顿 英国利物浦波士顿 华盛顿
C.
C组
Suddenly, William noticed a familiar face on the train platform.
突然,威廉注意到了火车站站上一个熟悉的相貌.
It was the owner of the cabinetmaking shop where William worked!
是威廉工作的柜子店的老板!
The man thought William might be fleeing with his wife and began walking through the train, searching for them.
男子认为威廉可能正和妻子一起出逃,并开始走过火车去寻找.
William crouched down in his seat, shaking with fear.
威廉蹲倒在座位上,恐惧地发抖.
Just as the man reached William’s car, the departure bell clanged.
就在这名男子到达威廉的汽车时,离开的钟声响起。
The man left, and William sighed in relief—he was safe.
那人走了, 威廉在解脱中叹息。 他是安全的。
Ellen, sitting in another train car, had a scare of her own.
爱伦坐在另一辆火车上 自己吓坏了
When her seatmate arrived, Ellen recognized him as a good friend of her owner.
当同座者到来时,爱伦认出他是她主人的好友.
This man was someone who had known Ellen for years.
这个人知道 艾伦多年了
Ellen sat very still and did not dare look up.
埃伦静静地坐着,不敢抬头看.
Luckily, her disguise was so convincing that the man greeted her and sat down without a second look.
幸运的是,她的伪装是如此令人信服 男人迎接她,坐下来,没有第二次看。
Ellen pretended to be deaf so she could avoid talking and giving herself away.
爱伦假装聋了,这样她可以避免说话并把自己送走.
Setting Sail for Freedom The Crafts reached Savannah safely and boarded a steamer ship for Charleston, South Carolina.
设置自由帆 克拉夫特人安全地到达了萨凡纳,并登上一艘为南卡罗莱纳州查尔斯顿的蒸汽船.
When they arrived in Charleston and tried to buy tickets to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, however, they ran into trouble.
当他们到达查尔斯顿并试图购买去宾夕法尼亚州费城的机票时,他们遇到了麻烦.
The clerk refused to sign for the couple’s tickets despite Ellen’s apparent “injury.”
尽管Ellen显然 " 受伤 " ,但书记官拒绝为这对夫妇签票。 “
Luckily, the boat captain from their first ship passed by.
幸好他们第一艘船的船长经过
He vouched for the pair, and soon they were on their way north again.
他为二人担保,很快他们又回到了北上.
They met their final hurdle in Baltimore, Maryland.
他们在马里兰州的巴尔的摩遭遇了最后的障碍.
Slave states that shared borders with free states had border patrols.
与自由州接壤的奴隶国有边境巡逻。
These patrols checked for runaway slaves.
这些巡逻队检查了逃跑的奴隶。
The Maryland border patrol stopped the Crafts and demanded proof of slave ownership.
马里兰州边境巡逻队阻止了克拉夫特人,并要求证明奴隶所有权.
Of course, William and Ellen had no such paperwork.
当然,威廉和艾伦没有这样的文件。
They feared their quest for freedom was over.
他们担心自己对自由的追求已经结束。
When the boarding bell sounded, one officer took pity on the pair.
当登机铃声响起时,一名警官对一对感到同情.
He ordered the conductor to let them board.
他命令指挥员让他们登机.
The Crafts arrived safely in Philadelphia on Christmas morning.
工匠队在圣诞节早上安全地抵达费城.
They found friends and shelter in the home of an abolitionist.
他们在一个废奴主义者的家里找到了朋友和避难所.
The Underground Railroad How did the Crafts know where to go once they reached Philadelphia?
地下铁道 工匠们怎么知道去费城后去哪里?
The Underground Railroad steered them in the right direction.
地下铁道引导他们向正确方向行驶.
The Underground Railroad was a system of escape routes and safe houses run by people who helped runaway slaves get to freedom.
地下铁道是一套由帮助出逃奴隶获得自由的人所经营的出逃路线和安全屋系统.
The routes ran through free Northern states all the way to Canada.
路线贯穿了自由北方各州,一路通向加拿大.
Abolitionists knew to keep an eye out for black people coming into free states from the South.
废奴主义者知道要注意黑人从南方进入自由邦。
They would provide these newcomers with shelter, food, and directions to freedom.
他们将为这些新来的人提供住所、食物和通往自由的方向。
Across the Ocean to Safety For a while, life was good for the Crafts.
横跨海洋安全 有一段时间,生活对克拉夫特人来说是好的.
They learned to read and write.
他们学会了读写.
Three weeks after arriving in Philadelphia, they went on to Boston, Massachusetts.
到达费城后三周,他们继续前往马萨诸塞州的波士顿.
William got a job as a cabinetmaker, and Ellen worked as a seamstress.
威廉获得一份做柜员的工作,而埃伦则担任裁缝.
Their happiness did not last, however.
然而,他们的幸福并没有持久。
In 1850, Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act.
1850年,国会通过了"逃亡奴隶法".
The act made it a crime to protect runaway slaves, even in free states.
该法案将保护出逃的奴隶,即使是在自由州,也定为犯罪.
Law officers could receive a large reward for capturing and returning escaped slaves to their owners.
法律官员可以因抓获和将逃脱的奴隶归还其主人而得到巨额奖励.
Two bounty hunters arrived in Boston, determined to bring the Crafts back to Georgia as slaves.
两名赏金猎人抵达了波士顿,决心将克拉夫特人作为奴隶带回格鲁吉亚.
The terrified Crafts hid with friends, but they could not bear to live in fear.
被吓坏的工匠们躲在朋友身边,但他们无法忍受生活在恐惧中.
In December 1850, they set out on another journey, this time to England.
1850年12月,他们又启程出行了,这次是去英国.
The Bloodhound Law In 1850, Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act.
1850年"血狗法"被国会通过"逃亡奴隶法".
This law stated that a person who helped a runaway slave would be fined $1,000—a large sum in those days.
该法规定,帮助一个出走的奴隶的人将被罚款1 000美元 -- -- 在那些时候数额很大。
Anyone who returned a slave to a slave owner would get a reward, or bounty.
任何把奴隶还给奴隶主的人都会得到奖励或赏金.
The law was known as the Bloodhound Law because bounty hunters would use bloodhound dogs to track down runaways.
这部法律被称为"血狗法",因为赏金猎人会用血狗来追踪出逃者.
This federal law affected both free and slave states.
这项联邦法律既影响到自由邦,也影响到奴隶邦。
Still, many free states refused to actively hunt down runaways or the people who helped them.
然而,许多自由州拒绝积极追捕出逃者或帮助他们的人.
A poster warns African American people in Boston that they could be enslaved without a fair trial because of the Fugitive Slave Act.
一张海报警告波士顿的非裔美国人,由于"逃亡奴隶法",他们有可能在没有公平审判的情况下被奴役.
The Long Trip Home The Crafts settled in West London and had five children.
长途之家 克拉夫特人定居于西伦敦并有五个孩子.
They gave lectures against slavery throughout Great Britain.
他们在整个大不列颠地区发表反对奴隶制的演讲.
In 1860, William published a book about their escape.
1860年,威廉出版了一本关于他们出逃的书.
The Crafts became teachers, ran a boarding house, and engaged in other business activities to support their family.
克拉夫特人成为了教师,经营了寄宿房,并从事了其他商业活动来养活他们的家人.
In 1870, several years after slavery had ended in the United States, William and Ellen returned to their homeland.
1870年,在美国奴隶制结束几年后,威廉和埃伦回到了自己的祖国.
They settled outside Savannah, Georgia, and purchased land with money raised from antislavery supporters.
他们定居在佐治亚州萨凡纳外,并用从反奴隶制支持者筹集来的钱购买了土地.
William and Ellen also used the money to start the Woodville Cooperative Farm School in 1873.
威廉和埃伦还用这笔钱在1873年创办了伍德维尔合作农场学校.
The school’s goal was to educate freed slaves so they could enjoy the same opportunities the Crafts had.
学校的目标是教育被释放的奴隶,使他们能够享受与手工艺人一样的机会。
Although the school was successful at first, it soon ran into money problems and closed in 1876.
虽然学校起初很成功,但很快遇到了金钱问题,于1876年关闭.
After fleeing many miles over many years, the Crafts moved to Charleston, South Carolina.
在多年逃离多英里后,克拉夫特人搬到了南卡罗来纳州的查尔斯顿.
There, they lived out the last years of their lives together in freedom, just as they had always dreamed.
在那里,他们过着自由的生活,就像他们一直梦想的那样。
Glossary abolitionist (n.)
废除死刑的词汇表(n.)
a person who fought to make slavery illegal (p.
(第2页)
12) bounty hunters (n.)
12) 赏金猎人 (n.