Doughnut
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Holy Doughnuts!
内容表 圣多努特!
4 The Hole Story.
4"洞口史话".
5 Doughnut Girls.
5个Doughnut女孩。
7 Spectator Sport.
7 观察者体育.
9 The First Chains.
9 第一道链.
11 More Doughnut Chains.
11多条"多花果链".
14 Doughnuts Today.
14 Doughnuts Today. (英语).
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Holy Doughnuts!
16号圣多努特!
Fluffy.
绒毛.
Sweet.
可爱
Delicious.
好吃 不错
These are just a few of the words people use to describe the doughnut.
这些只是人们用来形容甜甜圈的几个词.
Found in grocery stores, bakeries, and restaurants, the humble doughnut has become a staple of breakfast and snack time throughout the United States and the world.
在杂货店、面包店和餐馆里发现的,谦卑的甜甜圈已成为美国和全世界早餐和小吃时间的主食。
Various forms of fried dough have been popular treats throughout modern history.
现代史上流行着各种形式的炸钱。
Tasty, doughnutlike pastries were often eaten during religious holidays, festivals, and carnivals throughout Europe, Asia, and Africa.
在欧洲、亚洲和非洲, 宗教节日、节日、嘉年华期间,
The history of the modern American doughnut, however, begins much closer to home, by the shores of Rockport, Maine, in 1847.
然而,现代美国甜甜圈的历史始于1847年远近于家乡,取道缅因州的洛克波特海岸.
The Hole Story Originally, doughnuts were not ring shaped or topped with frosting and sprinkles.
洞穴故事 甜甜圈原本不是成型的,也不是被霜和被喷出而成的。
They were usually round and about the size of a walnut shell.
它们一般是圆形的,大小大约是核桃壳.
The original doughnut was mainly based on a recipe from the Netherlands.
原甜甜圈主要取材自荷兰的配方.
Dutch settlers made a fried dough dessert called olykoeks (OH-lee-kooks) or “oily cakes.”
荷兰定居者制造了油炸面团甜点,称为 " Olykoeks " (OH-lee-kooks)或 " 油炸蛋糕 " 。 “
Olykoeks are small balls of dough fried in pork fat and stuffed with either hazelnuts or walnuts.
Olykoeks是用猪脂炒成的面团小球,并用花果或核桃来填充.
People who didn’t speak Dutch called them “doughnuts.”
不说荷兰语的人称他们为"甜甜圈". “
Elizabeth Gregory lived in Rockport, Maine, and was known for her amazing olykoeks.
伊丽莎白·格雷戈里(Elizabeth Gregory)住在缅因州罗克波特(Rockport),以出众的奥利克克克而出名.
She was also the mother of Hanson Crockett Gregory, a ship’s captain.
她也是船长汉森·克罗克特·格里高利的母亲.
She supplied him and his crew with doughnuts for their long travels.
她为他和他的船员们长途跋涉提供了甜甜圈.
One popular legend recounts that Captain Gregory invented the doughnut during a terrible storm at sea in 1847.
一个受欢迎的传说讲述了格雷戈里船长在1847年海上可怕的风暴中发明了甜甜圈.
Captain Gregory was eating a doughnut when he was desperately needed at the ship’s helm.
格雷戈里船长在船上 急需吃甜甜圈
He took the doughnut and jammed it through the steering wheel spoke, giving him the free hands he needed.
他拿起甜甜圈,卡住它 通过方向盘说话, 给他自由的手 他需要。
Another account says he disliked a doughnut’s center because it often wasn’t completely cooked.
他不喜欢甜甜圈中心,
He knew doughnuts were hard to cook all the way through without burning.
他知道甜甜圈很难做饭,没有被烧伤。
One day as he was cutting out the doughnut’s center, he had an idea.
有一天,当他切断甜甜圈的中心时,他有一个想法。
What if the hole was cut out of the dough before it was fried?
如果这个洞在被炸出之前被切出钱呢?
Captain Gregory suggested that his doughnuts have the center removed before they were cooked.
格雷戈里船长建议,他的甜甜圈在被煮熟之前就取出中心.
It worked!
已经成功了!
Captain Gregory improved the doughnut.
Gregory上尉改进了甜甜圈
However, it wasn’t until World War I that doughnuts became an American passion.
然而,直到一战,甜甜圈才成为美国的热情.
Today, Dutch olykoeks are called oliebollen (OH-lee-bo-len).
今天,荷兰奥利科克被称作"奥利波伦"(OH-lee-bo-len).
Olykoeks were originally baked in lard.
Olykoeks最初被烤入猪笼草.
Today’s oliebollen are deep-fried in hot oil.
今天的奥利波伦在热油中被深深地煎熬.
Captain Hanson Crockett Gregory is credited as the inventor of the ring-shaped doughnut.
汉森·克罗克特·格里高利上尉被誉为环形甜甜圈的发明人.
Doughnut Girls In 1917, the United States entered World War I and sent tens of thousands of soldiers to Europe to fight.
1917年,美国进入了世界大战 我并派遣了数以万计的士兵去欧洲作战.
Constant rain and cold temperatures made conditions terrible for soldiers on the front lines in France and Belgium.
常有的降雨和寒冷的温度使法国和比利时前线的士兵条件恶劣.
The Salvation Army sent hundreds of volunteers to help the soldiers.
救世军派出了数百名志愿者来帮助士兵.
Helen Purviance and Margaret Sheldon were two of the first to go.
海伦·普尔文斯和玛格丽特·谢尔顿是第一个去的两人.
They were stationed in northeastern France.
他们驻扎在法国东北部.
After thirty-six straight days of rain, the women agreed that they must do something to lift the soldiers’ spirits.
在连续三十六天雨后,妇女们同意,她们必须做一些事情来提高士兵们的精神。
They decided to cook something delicious, and they knew baked goods made people feel happy.
他们决定做一些美味的东西,他们知道烤好的东西,使人们感到快乐.
Pies and cakes were everyone’s favorite, but they had few supplies and fewer fresh ingredients available in the countryside.
馅饼和蛋糕是每个人最喜爱的,但是在农村,它们供应的物资很少,新鲜的原料更少.
The women decided to make doughnuts because they could be served cold and the ingredients were easily found.
妇女们决定做甜甜圈,因为她们可以被冷冻,很容易找到配料。
Helen and Margaret cooked late into the night.
海伦和玛格丽特深夜烹饪.
Using a small pan, they fried the doughnuts on an old potbellied stove.
他们用个小锅 把甜甜圈炸到一个老锅炉上
They served 150 doughnuts the next day to the grateful soldiers.
第二天他们为感激的士兵 提供了150个甜甜圈
Word about the doughnuts spread quickly, and the following day a long line of soldiers waited for a warm doughnut and coffee.
关于甜甜圈的消息迅速传开,第二天一连串的士兵等待着一个温暖的甜甜圈和咖啡.
The doughnuts were such a success that all Salvation Army volunteers started making them!
甜甜圈非常成功,所有救世军志愿者都开始制作了!
The soldiers called the women Doughnut Girls.
士兵们叫"多努特女孩"
Wherever the soldiers went, the brave Doughnut Girls followed.
无论士兵们走到哪里,勇敢的多努特女孩们都跟着.
They set up doughnut and coffee huts near the front lines and risked their lives to help.
他们在前线附近设置了甜甜圈和咖啡屋,并冒着生命危险帮助.
The Doughnut Girls understood that they gave more than a full belly—they gave the goodness of home.
Doughnut女孩们知道,她们不止一个饱满的肚子,她们还给家里的美德。
Salvation Army volunteers hand out doughnuts to World War I soldiers.
救世军志愿军向一战士兵发甜甜圈.
Doughboys The term doughboy became a popular nickname for American troops in World War I.
牛仔们 "花花公子"一词在一战中成为了美国军队的流行昵称.
There are many theories about the origin of the term—for instance, it may have been a nickname for infantrymen covered in dust or may have referred to their big, round buttons, which resembled lumps of dough.
关于这个词的来源有许多理论——例如,它可能是被灰尘所覆盖的步兵的昵称,或者可能指的是他们的大圆形按钮,这类似于一团钱。
The word’s true origin remains a mystery.
这个词的真实来源仍是一个谜.
By the end of World War I, doughboy became synonymous with bravery, honesty, and the American infantry.
到了一战末期,面子男孩成为了勇敢,诚实,和美国步兵的同义词.
Spectator Sport When World War I ended in 1918, many soldiers returned home to the United States— bringing their hunger for doughnuts.
世界大战时的观察者体育 我结束于1918年,许多士兵回到了美国——带来了他们对甜甜圈的渴望.
Adolph Levitt, an immigrant from Russia, spotted a business opportunity.
来自俄罗斯的移民阿道夫·莱维特(Adolph Levit)发现了一个商业机会.
In his bakery in Harlem, New York City, Levitt began frying up doughnuts.
在纽约市哈莱姆的面包店里,莱维特开始煎出甜甜圈.
He started out cooking the doughnuts in small batches in a kettle at the window.
他开始用小批量做甜甜圈 在窗外的一壶里
As he turned each doughnut over with a stick, people would stop to watch.
当他用棍子把甜甜圈翻过来时 人们会停下来看
Soon a crowd would form, and the people would buy the doughnuts as soon as they were done.
很快会有一群人组成,人们一做甜甜圈就会买下.
Levitt’s shop became so popular that he couldn’t make doughnuts fast enough.
Levit的店铺变得很受欢迎,
He needed a machine to make the process more efficient.
他需要一台机器来提高这个过程的效率.
Since such a machine did not exist, he decided to invent one.
由于这种机器不存在,他决定发明一台.
Working with an engineer, he designed a doughnut-making machine.
他与一名工程师合作,设计了一台甜甜圈制造机.
The first machine didn’t work, but they tried again, and again.
第一台机器不起作用,
Finally, in 1920, the twelfth model was successful.
最终在1920年,第十二型成功.
He named it the Wonderful Almost Human Automatic Doughnut Machine and put his new invention in the window of his bakery.
他将它命名为"神奇的几乎人类"自动Doughnut机器,并将他的新发明放入他面包店的窗户.
People went crazy for it!
人们为此疯狂!
The public’s fascination with the machine and their love of doughnuts attracted people from all over.
大众对机器的迷恋,
Everyone wanted to see Levitt’s wonderful doughnut machine in action.
人人都想看看利维特的甜甜圈机在起作用。
Adolph Levitt (bottom left) invented the original doughnut machine.
阿道夫·莱维特 (左下方)发明了原来的甜甜圈机.
An original doughnut machine (left) can’t stack up against today’s more efficient models (right), which produce up to 800 dozen doughnuts an hour.
原本的甜甜圈机(左)无法与今天效率更高的型号(右)相提并论,
The First Chains Bakers from all around the country bought Levitt’s doughnut machine.
全国各地的第一连锁面包店购买了利维特的甜甜圈机。
Doughnuts were being made in bakeries and delicatessens as well as at festivals and county fairs all across the United States.
美国各地的面包店和精品店以及节日会和县会都盛产多努特花。
Levitt’s success didn’t end with his invention.
利维特的成功并未以他的发明而告终.
In 1931, he opened the first doughnut chain, Mayflower Doughnuts.
1931年他打开了第一个甜甜圈连锁店"Mayflower Doughnuts".
Doughnuts and coffee had become an American staple.
甜甜圈和咖啡已经成为美国的主食。
Doughnuts also became popular in part because of the automobile.
Doughnuts也部分因为汽车而变得受欢迎.
People on the road would stop at doughnut stands that began to pop up along roadways.
路边的人会停在甜甜圈站 路边开始涌出
These stands provided a fast snack for busy people.
这些摊位为繁忙的人们提供了快餐.
In many places, doughnut stands became fun destinations unto themselves.
在许多地方,甜甜圈摊成为了他们自己有趣的去处。
Some doughnut shops became so popular that the owners were able to open more shops in other cities.
一些甜甜圈店变得非常受欢迎,以至于店主能够在其他城市开设更多的店铺.
Vernon Rudolph opened Krispy Kreme in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, in 1937.
弗农·鲁道夫于1937年在北卡罗莱纳州温斯顿-萨莱姆(Winston-Salem)开业.
He was so poor that for the first batch of doughnuts, he had to borrow the ingredients from a grocery store.
他太穷了,为了第一批甜甜圈,他不得不从一家杂货店借来原料.
He paid the store back in doughnuts.
他用甜甜圈还了店
In the beginning, Vernon only sold doughnuts to grocery stores and restaurants.
一开始,弗农只把甜甜圈卖给了杂货店和餐馆.
Then Vernon noticed that whenever he was frying up a fresh batch, people would knock on the door.
后来弗农注意到,每当他煎出一批新鲜货时,人们都会敲门.
His doughnuts smelled so good that people walking by couldn’t help but stop.
他的甜甜圈闻起来好香,
They wanted to buy his doughnuts immediately!
他们想马上买他的甜甜圈!
Vernon cut a hole in the store wall and began to sell his doughnuts directly to customers.
弗农在店墙上切出一洞并开始将他的甜甜圈直接卖给顾客.
Danny Donut was the symbol for Adolph Levitt’s Mayflower Doughnut shops.
丹尼多努特是阿道夫·莱维特(Adolph Levit)的梅花多努特商店的标志.
Krispy Kreme went from a national to an international sensation, now with more than five hundred stores in twenty-one countries.
Krispy Kreme从国家到国际,现在在21个国家有500多家商店。
Doughnut vs.
(原始内容存档于2018-10-21). Doughnut vs.
Donut Many doughnut shop owners changed the name doughnut to donut.
很多甜甜圈店主把甜甜圈改名为甜甜圈.
They felt that simplifying the spelling made the word more pronounceable, recognizable, and uniquely American.
他们觉得简化拼写方式使得这个词更能发音,能被认出来,并且具有独特的美国特色.
More Doughnut Chains When World War II ended in 1945, the doughnut was at the height of its popularity.
当二战于1945年结束时,甜甜圈的流行程度达到了顶峰.
More and more restaurants and chains began to appear.
越来越多的餐馆和连锁店开始出现.
In 1948, Verne Winchell had intended to open a hamburger drive-thru in Temple City, California, but someone across the street beat him to it.
1948年,凡尔纳·温彻尔原本打算在加利福尼亚州坦普尔市开出汉堡驱动器,但街对面有人将他打倒.
So he changed course and decided to open a coffee and doughnut shop instead.
于是他改变方向,决定开一家咖啡和甜甜圈店取而代之.
William Rosenberg had a food truck business.
威廉·罗森伯格(William Rosenberg)有一家餐车生意.
He parked his truck in front of a factory, and the workers would buy sandwiches, coffee, and baked goods on their breaks.
他把卡车停在工厂门口,工人在休息时会购买三明治,咖啡和烤货.
He noticed that he sold more coffee and doughnuts than anything else.
他注意到他卖的咖啡和甜甜圈比其他任何东西都多.
Since those items were the least expensive to make, he decided to open a doughnut shop.
由于这些物品最便宜,他决定开个甜甜圈店.
In 1950, Dunkin’ Donuts opened its doors in Quincy, Massachusetts.
1950年,邓金的"甜甜圈"在马萨诸塞州昆西开通.
Winchell’s Donut House became the West Coast’s largest doughnut chain.
温切尔的甜甜圈 房屋成为西海岸最大的甜甜圈链.
A World War II sailor buys war stamps at a doughnut stand in New York City, in 1943.
1943年,一名二战水手在纽约市的甜甜圈摊购买战争邮票.
By the time the United States entered World War II in 1941, doughnuts had become a part of American life.
到1941年美国进入二战时,甜甜圈已经成为美国生活的一部分.
Women working for the American Red Cross took a page from the Doughnut Girls of World War I and brought soldiers on the front lines hot coffee and doughnuts.
在美国红十字会工作的妇女从一战的"多努特女孩"中取出一页,并带士兵到前线热咖啡和甜甜圈.
Soldiers soon began calling the women Doughnut Dollies.
士兵们很快开始叫女人叫道努特娃娃.
Doughnuts Today Doughnuts contain large amounts of fat and sugar, so they are not considered a healthy food.
今天的甜甜圈 杜鹃花含有大量的脂肪和糖,因此它们不被认为是健康的食物.
As a result, the popularity of the pastry has declined in recent years.
因此,近年来糕点的受欢迎程度已经下降.
Despite this decline, over ten billion doughnuts are still being made in the United States each year.
尽管这一下降,美国每年仍然在做100多亿个甜甜圈。
Doughnuts are now a multibillion-dollar industry, making them highly profitable since the basic doughnut is made with inexpensive ingredients.
甜甜圈现在是一个价值数十亿美元的产业,由于基本的甜甜圈是用廉价的原料来制造的,因此它们利润很高.
Doughnuts have been around for many years, and it’s safe to assume that Americans will be eating them far into the future.
Doughnut在附近已经多年了,
No doubt the humble doughnut is here to stay.
毫无疑问,谦卑的甜甜圈是在这里停留。
Glossary delicatessens (n.)
词汇精细度(n.
places where prepared foods are sold (p.
准备的食品销售场所(p.
11) doughnut (n.)
11) 甜甜圈(n.)
a small, sweet, deep-fried cake that is usually shaped like a ring (p.
一个小而甜的深煎饼,通常形状为环状(p.
4) efficient (adj.)
4) 高效(adj.
making good use of time or resources (p.
充分利用时间或资源(p.
10) humble (adj.)
10) 谦 (adj.
simple or modest (p.
简单或适度(p.
4) immigrant (n.)
4)移民 (n.
a person who comes to live in a new country, especially for the purpose of settling there (p.
一个人来到一个新国家居住,特别是为了在那里定居(p.
9) inexpensive (adj.)
9) 价格低廉(adj.
not costing much money (p.
费用不高(第6页)
15) ingredients (n.)
15)成分 (n.
food items that go into a dish or recipe (p.
进入菜肴或食谱的食品(p.
7) invention (n.)
7) 发明 (n.
a new device or process (p.
新设备或进程(p.
10) pastries (n.)
10) 糕点 (n.
doughs made of flour, water, and shortening; desserts made from that dough (p.
用面粉、取水和取短;用面粉取出甜点(p.
4) profitable (adj.)
4) 盈利(adj.
bringing advantage or financial gain (p.
获得优势或经济利益(p.
15) recipe (n.)
15) 食谱 (n.
a set of instructions, or steps, for making a specific kind of food (p.
用于制作特定种类食物的一套指示或步骤(p.
5) staple (n.)
5) 主食 (n.
a common food that is an important part of a diet (p.
普通食物,是饮食的重要组成部分(p.
4) “Mmmm.
4）“嗯——”
doughnuts!”
甜甜圈!"
The largest stack of doughnuts, 1,764 in all, was made in celebration of The Simpsons Movie in 2007.
最大的一叠甜甜圈,共计1,764个,是2007年为庆祝"辛普森斯电影"而作.