Westminster Palace
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A British Icon.
目录 A 英国图标。
4 Why “Ben”?
4 为什么是“本”?
6 London.
6伦敦。
7 A Plot to Destroy Parliament.
7 破坏议会的地块。
8 The Great Fire of 1834.
8 1834年大火.
9 An Ambitious Rebuilding.
9"安远重建".
10 Two Houses.
10两院.
12 Visiting Westminster Palace.
12 探访威斯敏斯特宫.
13 Then and Now.
13,然后和现在。
14 A Much-Loved World Landmark.
14 《深爱的世界地标》。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 A British Icon A little over 150 years ago, metal workers in East London made a bell that has become a British icon.
16 个英国图标 150多年前,东伦敦的金属工人敲出一通钟来成为了英国的偶像.
Its name is Big Ben.
它的名字是"大本经"。
It sits in a huge clock tower named the Elizabeth Tower in London, United Kingdom (UK).
它坐落于英国(英国)伦敦一座被命名为"伊丽莎白塔"的巨大的钟楼.
Measuring 2.
测量 2.
7 meters (9 ft.)
7米(9英尺)长.
tower in 1858.
1858年建塔.
It took thirty hours to get it there.
花了30个小时才到那里
Today, the clock tower is one of the most photographed and most widely known landmarks in the world.
今天,钟楼是世界上最被拍照和最广为人知的地标之一.
An average-sized person could fit inside the huge bronze bell many times over.
普通人可以多次融入巨大的青铜钟
Westminster Palace and Big Ben Height of the tower: 96.
威斯敏斯特宫和大本高塔:96.
3 meters (316 ft.)
3米(316平方英尺) 长相相接.
Parliament: 100 staircases, 1,100 rooms, 3 towers Buildings made of French and English limestone Number of steps to the top: 334 Bell size: 2.
议会:100个楼梯,1100个房间,由法国和英国石灰岩所制成的3个塔楼 上行台阶:334个钟楼大小:2.
7 meters (9 ft.)
7米(9英尺)长.
wide and 2.
宽和 2.
2 meters (7.
2米(7.
2 ft.)
2英尺长)
tall Bell weight: over 13 metric tons (14.
高点 钟重:超过13公吨(14.
3 t.)
页:1
Benjamin Hall Benjamin Caunt Why “Ben”?
本杰明·霍尔·本杰明·克特 为什么是"本"?
When Big Ben first started marking time in 1859, the British Parliament decided that the bell needed a name.
当"大本"于1859年首次开始标记时间时,英国议会决定钟需要名字.
No one is sure of the true story, but it may have been named after a member of Parliament, Sir Benjamin Hall, whose nickname was Big Ben.
没有人对真实的故事有把握,但它可能是以一位议员本杰明·霍尔爵士的名字命名的,他的外号是"大本".
At a meeting called specifically to choose the bell’s name, Sir Benjamin gave a long speech.
本杰明爵士在专门为选择钟名而召开的一次会议上作了长篇发言。
In fact, his name is carved on the bell.
事实上,他的名字被刻在了钟上.
According to another story, the bell might have been named after a large and famous heavyweight boxer of the time, Benjamin Caunt, who shared the nickname Big Ben.
根据另一个故事,铃声可能取名于当时一个大而出名的重量级拳击手本杰明·克特(英语:Benjamin Caunt (film)),他分享了"大本"的外号.
Historians say that in mid-nineteenth century England, anything very large and heavy was nicknamed Big Ben.
历史学家说,在十九世纪中叶的英国,任何非常大而沉重的东西都被取名为"大本".
London Big Ben and the Palace of Westminster (also known as Parliament) stand on the banks of the River Thames, in London.
伦敦大本和威斯敏斯特宫(又名议会)站在泰晤士河岸边,位于伦敦.
The palace is the center of government for the United Kingdom, made up of England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.
皇宫是英国的政府中心,由英格兰,威尔士,苏格兰和北爱尔兰所组成.
The last king to live in the Palace of Westminster was Henry VIII.
最后一个居住在威斯敏斯特宫的国王是亨利八世.
Henry moved out of the palace after a fire in 1512 and made nearby Whitehall Palace his residence.
亨利于1512年起火后搬出宫殿,并让附近的怀特霍尔宫成为他的住所.
United Kingdom ATLANTIC OCEAN NORTH SEA IRELAND NORTHERN IRELAND SCOTLAND ENGLAND WALES Dublin London Edinburgh Glasgow Belfast River Thames H H H Guy Fawkes (1570– 1606), and several other men came up with the Gunpowder Plot, a plan to blow up Parliament and kill King James.
联合王国 大西洋、北海、爱尔兰、 北海、爱尔兰、英国群岛 都柏林伦敦爱丁堡·格拉斯哥·贝尔法斯特河(Thames H H Guy Fawkes (1570–1606)),还有几个人想出"火药地",这是炸毁议会并杀死詹姆斯国王的计划.
A Plot to Destroy Parliament Nearly two hundred years after Henry VIII moved out of the palace, a man named Guy Fawkes and five others devised a plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament.
破坏议会的地块 亨利八世搬出宫后近二百年,一个叫盖伊·福克斯(Guy Fawkes)的人和另外五个人策划了一起炸毁议会大厦的阴谋.
Angry that they weren’t allowed to practice their religion as they wished, they sneaked thirty-six barrels of gunpowder into the basement under the Houses of Parliament.
他们愤怒地说, 不允许他们按照自己的意愿信奉宗教,
Knowing the king would be there, they planned to blow up the building on November 5, 1605.
知道国王会在那里,他们计划在1605年11月5日炸毁这座建筑.
Luckily for the king, the men were all caught, charged with trying to overthrow the government, and executed.
幸运的是,国王,这些人都被抓了,被指控企图推翻政府,被处决.
To this day, people in the UK celebrate the king’s survival on November 5 as Guy Fawkes Day or Bonfire Night.
英国民众在11月5日庆祝国王生还,
The Great Fire of 1834 Over two hundred years after Guy Fawkes was captured, on October 16, 1834, two workmen were carrying out orders to burn a large quantity of sticks that people used as an early accounting system.
1834年的"大火" 盖伊·福克被俘后200多年,1834年10月16日,有两名工人执行命令,焚烧大量被人们用作早期会计系统的棍子.
They were told to burn these sticks inside some furnaces in the basement of Parliament.
他们被告知在议会地下室的一些炉子内焚烧这些棍子.
Visitors to Parliament that day noticed an unusual amount of heat rising from the floor and smoke escaping through the floorboards.
当天出席议会的游客注意到地板上冒出异常高的热量,烟从地板上逃出.
The workmen continued to burn the sticks and put the furnaces out at 5:00 p.
工人们继续烧起棍子,在下午5点把炉子放出.
m.
（字母m）
An hour later, at 6:00 p.
一个小时后, 6: 00 p.
m.
（字母m）
, the Parliament was completely in flames.
议会完全陷入了火海
All the buildings in Westminster Palace were eventually destroyed except for Westminster Hall.
威斯敏斯特宫内的所有建筑最终被摧毁了,除了威斯敏斯特大厅外.
English artist Thomas Luny captured the fire in his painting in 1835.
英国艺术家托马斯·卢尼(Thomas Luny)于1835年在他的画作中捕捉到火.
An Ambitious Rebuilding Six years after the Great Fire of 1834, a contest was held to find an architect to design a new Westminster Palace.
雄心勃勃的重建 1834年"大火"六年后,为寻找建筑师来设计新的威斯敏斯特宫而举办了一场比赛.
The winner was Charles Barry.
获胜者是查尔斯·巴里.
Building the structure was neither a quick nor a cheap task.
建造这一结构既不是一项快活的任务,也不是一项廉价的任务。
It took thirty years and cost much more than what was estimated before the project was finally completed in 1870.
它花了30年时间,成本远高于1870年项目最终完成前的估计.
Charles Barry was helped by another architect, Augustus Pugin, who managed the design and decoration of the clock tower’s four clock faces.
查尔斯·巴里得到另一位建筑师奥古斯都·普金(Augustus Pugin)的帮助,他管理了钟楼四个钟面的设计与装饰.
Sadly, Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin did not live long enough to see their work completed.
可悲的是,查尔斯·巴里和奥古斯都·普金活得不够长,没有看到他们的工作完成.
Pugin died in 1852 and Barry in 1860.
1852年普金去世,1860年巴里去世.
about 0.
大约0。
45 meters (1.
45米(1.
5 ft.)
5平方公尺) f.
to one side.
到一边。
efficient lightbulbs.
高效的灯泡。
and water.
还有水
can be heard 8 kilometers (5 mi.)
8公里(5米)的音量。
away.
离开。
Several men rappel down a clock face in order to clean the clock in 2014.
为了在2014年打扫时钟,有几个人将一面钟倒地.
Today, people can admire Barry and Pugin’s work.
今天,人们可以欣赏巴里和普金的作品.
Westminster has three towers on the site of the Houses of Parliament: the Elizabeth Tower, the Victoria Tower, and the Central Tower.
威斯敏斯特议会大厦遗址上有三座塔:伊丽莎白塔,维多利亚塔和中央塔.
For many years, the Victoria Tower was the largest square stone tower in the world.
多年来,维多利亚塔是世界上最大的方形石塔.
The Elizabeth Tower, which houses Big Ben, stands over 96 meters (316 ft.)
Big Ben所在的伊丽莎白塔站立于96米(316英尺)以上.
to build the tower and iron beams to support it.
以建起塔及铁梁以作支撑.
The base of the tower is almost 3 meters (10 ft.)
塔的基座有近3米(10英尺).
Tower was designed as a chimney for smoke from fireplaces inside the palace.
塔被设计为烟囱,供宫内壁炉出烟.
In building size alone (not counting the surrounding gardens), the Palace of Westminster occupies 32,374 square meters (348,480 sq.
仅建筑面积(不计周边花园),威斯敏斯特宫就占地32,374平方米(348,480平方英尺).
ft.)
ft.) (中文(简体) ).
of space in central London.
伦敦中部的空间。
There are 100 staircases and 1,100 rooms!
有100个楼梯和1100个房间!
Central Tower River Thames House of Lords House of Commons Westminster Hall Victoria Tower Elizabeth Tower Two Houses The British Parliament is made up of two separate houses.
中塔河 泰晤士河 上议院 下议院 威斯敏斯特会所 维多利亚会所 维多利亚会所 伊丽莎白会所 二所会所 英国议会由两所独立的会所组成.
The British people elect members of the House of Commons to debate and vote on possible laws.
英国人民选举下议院议员,就可能的法律进行辩论并投票.
Members of the House of Lords are not elected.
上议院议员不选举.
Some have titles, such as Lord and Lady, and others are important members of the Church of England.
有的有爵位,如勋爵和夫人等,有的则是英国教会的重要成员.
With approval from the Lords and the Commons, new laws are made and become the law of the land.
经各领主和下议院批准,制定出新的法律并成为国法.
These laws are called Acts of Parliament.
这些法律被称为"议会法案".
House of Commons House of Lords The House of Commons has 650 members.
下议院 下议院有650名议员.
These politicians are elected by people in the United Kingdom.
这些政治家由英国人民选举产生.
The number of members in the House of Lords varies.
上议院议员人数不一.
Its members are given a title by the monarch, or are bishops or archbishops of the Church of England.
其成员由君主授予头衔,或为英国教会的主教或大主教.
After an exhausting climb up a spiral staircase, visitors to the Elizabeth Tower get a behind-the-scenes look at how the clock works.
在疲惫地爬上螺旋楼梯后,来到伊丽莎白塔的游客会得到一个幕后观看钟表是如何工作的.
Visiting Westminster Palace Anyone can visit Parliament and take tours, watch debates, and even have afternoon tea.
访问威斯敏斯特 宫殿 任何人都可以到议会参观并参观,观看辩论,甚至下午喝茶.
United Kingdom residents can climb the 344 steps to the top of the Elizabeth Tower, where they get an amazing view of London.
英国居民可以爬上344级台阶,登上伊丽莎白塔的顶部,在那里他们获得了伦敦令人惊叹的景色.
They can also view Big Ben and visit a special room where they can see exactly how the giant clock works.
他们也可以观看"大本"并访问一个特别的房间,在那里他们可以确切地看到"巨钟"是如何工作的.
The clock was designed to mark time to within one second a month.
钟的设计是为了将时间标记为每月一秒之内.
The pendulum is adjusted using a stack of old British pennies.
笔会用一叠旧的英国便士来调整.
Adding or subtracting a penny changes the time by two-fifths of a second.
增减一分钱使时间变化了一分之二.
Then and Now Over the centuries, Westminster has held many events, including huge feasts and parties.
然后现在 几个世纪以来,威斯敏斯特举办了多起活动,包括盛大的宴会和聚会.
Many of these events happened when a new king or queen was being crowned.
其中许多事件发生在新国王或王后被加冕时.
At King Richard III’s coronation in 1483, workers served huge amounts of food to three thousand people.
在1483年的国王理查三世加冕礼上,工人向三千人提供大量食物.
Queen Elizabeth II (center) sits in Westminster Hall on opening day of Parliament.
伊丽莎白二世女王(正中)在议会开幕日坐在威斯敏斯特大厅.
Opening day happens after an election and is the only day when the House of Commons, the House of Lords, and the king or queen meet.
开幕日发生在选举之后,是下议院,上议院,国王或女王相会的唯一一天.
Parliament has some old rules that are still around today.
议会有一些旧规则 仍然在今天周围。
Since 1642, no English king or queen has been permitted to go inside the House of Commons.
从1642年起,任何英国国王或女王都不得进入下议院.
Also, no one may wear a suit of armor inside the Palace of Westminster.
另外,在威斯敏斯特宫内,任何人都不得穿盔甲.
This law dates back seven hundred years.
此法可追溯至七百年.
Since 2000, millions of people gather each year along the Thames on New Year’s Eve for a brilliant fireworks display.
自2000年起,每年有数百万人在泰晤士河一带相聚于除夕节,以举办一次辉煌的烟花表演.
A Much-Loved World Landmark People who live in the United Kingdom, as well as visitors, are familiar with the chiming of Big Ben.
住在英国的多受爱戴的世界地标人,以及游客,都熟悉"大本"的鸣叫.
The bell rings every fifteen minutes.
铃声每15分钟响一次
The chimes are heard live on TV at midnight every New Year’s Eve, and each November 11 the entire country stops for two minutes of silence.
每逢除夕, 都会在电视上直播, 每年11月11日全国停放两分钟。
On that day, Big Ben rings at 11:00 a.
当日,"大本"在11: 00 a.
m.
（字母m）
to honor those who have lost their lives in wars.
尊重那些在战争中牺牲的人
Since the time it was built, the palace has been popular with visitors to London.
宫殿自建成起就受到伦敦游客的欢迎.
Today, thirteen million people visit the city each year.
今天,每年有1 300万人访问该市。
Westminster Palace, the Elizabeth Tower, and Big Ben are the most famous symbols of Britain.
威斯敏斯特宫,伊丽莎白塔和大本是英国最出名的标志.
Glossary architect (n.)
词汇建筑师(n.)
a person who designs buildings (p.
设计建筑物的人(p.
10) belfry (n.)
10) 贝利 (n.
the section of a bell tower where one or more bells hang (p.
钟楼中悬挂一或多个钟的部分(p.
4) chiming (n.)
4) 鸣叫 (n.
the ringing sound of a bell or clock (p.
铃声或钟声(p.
15) coronation (n.)
15)加冕 (n.
the ceremony in which a new king or queen is crowned (p.
新国王或王后被加冕的仪式(p.
14) executed (v.)
14)已执行(五.
killed, especially as punishment for committing a crime (p.
,特别是作为对犯罪的惩罚(p.
8) House of the part of the lawmaking body of the government of the United Kingdom whose members are elected; the lower house (p.
8) 英国政府立法机构部分的众议院,议员由选举产生;下议院(p.
12) House of the part of the lawmaking body of the government of the United Kingdom whose members are appointed; the upper house (p.
12) 英国政府立法机构部分的议院,其成员由委任;上议院(p.
12) icon (n.)
12)图标 (n.
Parliament (n.)
议会(n.)
the lawmaking body of the government of the United Kingdom, consisting of the House of Commons and the House of Lords (p.
英国政府的立法机构,由下议院和上议院组成(p.
6) pendulum (n.)
6)倒数(n.
a weight that hangs from a nonmoving point and swings from side to side (p.
从不动点起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起
13) residence (n.)
13) 住所(不详)
the place where a person lives (p.
一个人所居住之地(p.
7) United Kingdom (n.)
7) 联合王国(不详)
a country and political union in western Europe that includes England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland (p.
西欧国家和政治联盟,包括英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰(p.
4) Commons (n.)
4)常识 (n.
Lords (n.)
领主 (n.