Worth?

美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习

Table of Contents Water, Water Everywhere.

内容表:水,无所不在。

4 A Drop in the Bucket.

4 滴入弹匣。

5 Pollution’s Impact.

5 污染的影响。

7 Population’s Impact.

7 《人口影响》。

9 The Impact of Climate Change.

9 气候变化的影响。

11 Solving the Problem.

11 解决问题。

14 Glossary.

14 词汇表。

16 Water, Water Everywhere Many of us around the world don’t think about water very often.

16 水,无所不在 我们世界各地许多人并不经常想到水。

Why should we, when water is all around?

为什么我们,当水在周围的时候?

It comes out of our faucets and collects in puddles on the sidewalk when it rains.

它从我们的水管里出来 下雨时在人行道上的水坑里收集

Lakes and rivers are full of water.

湖河相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相接相相相接相相接相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相

We buy water in bottles and sip it from fountains.

我们用瓶子买水 从喷泉中取出

In fact, if we had a glass as big as the United States and filled it with every drop of water on the planet, the glass would have to be 145 kilometers (90 mi.)

事实上,如果我们有一个像美国一样大的玻璃并充满了地球上的每一滴水,玻璃就必须是145公里(90米.

tall to hold it all.

高高高地保持这一切。

With so much water, you’ d think everyone would have enough to drink.

喝这么多水,

Not so!

没有!

A summer rain can mean fun in many places.

夏雨可以指: 许多地方的取乐.

In others, it can mean survival.

在另一些情况下,它可以指生存.

A Drop in the Bucket Water is fast becoming more precious than gold or oil.

水桶里的一滴水 变得比黄金或石油更珍贵

The planet simply does not have enough usable water for everyone.

地球根本没有足够的可用水供每个人使用。

For one thing, most of Earth’s water is salt water, which we can’t drink or use to water our crops.

地球大部分的水都是盐水,

Only about 3 percent of Earth’s water is fresh.

地球只有3%的水是淡水。

Most of that is locked away in polar ice caps, glaciers, or underground layers of rock.

其中大部分被锁入极地冰盖,冰川,或地下地层岩石.

Earth’s water Surface water 0.

地表水 0.

3% Freshwater Fresh surface water Where’s the Water?

淡水3% 淡水 水在哪里?

*Groundwater provides 25% to 40% of the world's drinking water.

* 地下水提供全世界25%至40%的饮用水。

It provides even more water for growing food.

它为种植食物提供了更多的水.

However, groundwater supplies are shrinking.

然而,地下水供应正在减少。

Freshwater 3% Oceans (salt water) 97% Groundwater* 30.

淡水 3% 海洋(盐水) 97% 地下水* 30.

1% Ice caps and glaciers 68.

1%的冰盖和冰川 68.

7% Lakes 87% Swamps 11% Rivers 2% Some countries have more freshwater than others, but most have enough water to meet people’s needs.

7% 湖泊 87% 沼泽 11% 河流 2% 有些国家的淡水比其他国家多,但大多数国家都有足够的水来满足人民的需要。

However, they can’t always make that water available to people.

然而,他们不能总是向人们提供这种水。

Rich countries can tap into hard-to-reach sources of water.

富国可以利用难以取用水源。

In poor countries, people often don’t have enough money to dig wells or build dams.

在贫穷国家,人们往往没有足够的钱去挖井或建造水坝。

Today, we humans can only use 1 percent of Earth’s freshwater.

今天,我们人类只能使用地球1%的淡水。

That 1 percent is in such short supply for three main reasons: pollution, population, and climate change.

1%的人口如此短缺,主要原因有三:污染、人口和气候变化。

In India, young girls collect water from a hole dug in the ground.

在印度,年轻女孩从地上挖出的一个洞取水.

Pollution’s Impact Water pollution is a huge problem on many continents.

污染的影响 水污染是许多大陆上一个巨大的问题.

In South America, people have been dumping harmful chemicals into the Amazon River for years.

在南美洲,人们多年来一直向亚马逊河倾倒有害化学品.

Drilling for oil and mining for gold have poisoned some parts of the river and surrounding forest.

钻取石油和开采取出黄金已毒害了河中部分地区和周边森林.

In other poor areas where freshwater often goes untreated, pollution makes people sick in other ways.

在淡水往往得不到处理的其他贫困地区,污染使人们以其他方式生病。

Because people lack running water, they dump human waste outside their houses.

由于人们缺乏自来水,他们把人类的废物倒到自己家门外.

Filled with bacteria, that waste then flows into rivers and streams.

充满了细菌, 废物会流入河流和溪流。

People use the water in these polluted waterways for drinking, cooking, and bathing.

人们使用这些被污染的水道中的水来饮用,做饭和洗澡.

Research shows that half the world’s hospital beds contain patients sick from drinking unclean water.

研究显示,世界上有一半的病床都含有因饮用不干净的水而生病的病人。

A girl sick from unclean water gets help in Haiti.

一名患上不洁水的女孩在海地获得帮助。

Around the globe, millions of people lack access to safe drinking water— 783 million in all.

在全球各地,数百万人得不到安全饮用水——总共7.83亿人。

In Haiti, one of the poorest countries in the world, seven out of ten people do not have clean water to drink.

在世界上最贫穷国家之一的海地,每10人中有7人没有清洁饮水可饮。

Each year, unclean drinking water causes more than half the deaths in Haiti.

每年,不清洁的饮用水在海地造成一半以上的死亡。

A huge earthquake in 2010 damaged wells and water pipes there, making clean water even more scarce.

2010年的一场大地震损坏了那里的水井和水管,使干净的水更加稀缺.

Many children and adults must walk miles to find clean water to drink.

许多儿童和成年人必须走几英里去寻找干净的水来喝.

Do You Know?

你知道吗?

Worldwide, more people have a mobile phone than a toilet.

全世界有更多的人拥有移动电话而不是厕所。

Population’s Impact On October 30, 2011, a baby girl was born in the Philippines.

2011年10月30日,菲律宾出生了一名女婴。

She was the world’s 7 billionth person.

她是世界上第70亿人。

By the time she turns 40, experts say that 9 billion people will be walking the planet.

到了她40岁时,专家们表示,90亿人将会走遍地球.

Each of us will be looking for food, energy, land, and water.

我们每个人都将寻找食物、能源、土地和水。

Growing populations limit the amount of water for each person.

人口增长限制了每个人的水量。

Research shows that today, more than 1.

研究表明,今天,超过1个。

1 billion people—almost 1 in every 6 people in the world—don’t have enough clean water to drink.

世界上每6人中就有10亿人喝不到干净的水。

They live on less than 8 liters (2 gal.)

他们靠不到8升(2个女孩)生活。

a day.

一天时间。

Experts say that by 2035, 3.

专家说,到2035年,3.

6 billion people will be living in areas where water is scarce.

60亿人将生活在缺水地区。

Average Water Use: Americans vs.

平均用水量:美国人对美国

Others Compare daily water use between Americans (above) and many poor people around the world (left).

比较美国人(上)和世界各地许多穷人(左)之间的日常用水情况。

Even wealthy countries can face water shortages, in part because people in wealthy countries use more water.

即使是富裕国家也可能面临缺水问题,部分原因是富裕国家的人使用更多的水。

In the United States, a four-person family, on average, uses 1,514 liters (400 gal.)

在美国,一个四人家庭平均使用1,514升(400 gal.

of water a day.

一日一出水来.

That’s about 379 liters (100 gal.)

大约379升(100个女孩),

per person.

每个人。

This level of use could last if only a few people were using the water.

如果只有少数人使用水,这种使用水平可以持续。

Instead, more and more people rely on limited water sources.

相反,越来越多的人依赖有限的水源。

For example, the Los Angeles area’s population is expected to reach 41 million by 2020.

例如,预计到2020年洛杉矶地区的人口将达到4100万.

Yet the rivers they pull their water from carry less water than they used to.

但他们从河中取出的水比以前少。

The Impact of Climate Change Climate change threatens the global water supply.

气候变化的影响威胁到全球供水。

Scientists predict that by 2050, one-fifth of the world’s population may face serious water shortages as a result of climate change.

科学家预测,到2050年,五分之一的世界人口可能由于气候变化而面临严重的缺水.

Climate change results from too much carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

气候变化是大气中二氧化碳和其他温室气体过多造成的。

These gases, produced in large part by the burning of fossil fuels, trap the Sun’s heat close to Earth’s surface, much like a greenhouse.

这些气体主要是由化石燃料燃烧产生的,它们将太阳的热量困在地表附近,很像一个温室。

The result is an overall increase in Earth’s temperature.

结果是地球温度全面上升。

As Earth warms, the weather in different parts of the world is changing.

随着地球暖和,世界不同地区的天气正在变化.

Unusual amounts of rain and snow can fall in some areas, causing floods.

一些地区异常多的降雨和下雪,会引发洪水.

Dry areas can become much drier.

干燥地区会变得更加干燥。

A drought is a long period of lower-than- normal rain or snow that results in a shortage of water.

干旱是长期低于正常的降雨或下雪,导致缺水.

Regions at the highest risk of drought include the Mediterranean and the Middle East.

干旱风险最高的区域包括地中海和中东。

In the United States, most scientists say that climate change is responsible for an extreme drought in the Southwest and California.

在美国,大多数科学家表示,气候变化是西南和加利福尼亚州极端干旱的原因.

A River Runs Dry More than 30 million people depend on the Colorado River.

A River Runs Dry 有超过3000万人依赖于科罗拉多河.

It now trickles to an end before it can reach the sea.

它现在在到达海面前 逐渐消失

The drought in the Southwest has been causing problems in the region since 1999.

自1999年以来,西南地区的干旱一直在该地区造成问题。

States such as Nevada and Arizona rely on the shrinking Colorado River, a source of freshwater for 22 million people.

内华达州和亚利桑那州都依赖收缩了的科罗拉多河,这是2200万人的淡水来源.

If rains don’t increase soon, odds are good that desert residents will be forced to use less water in their daily lives.

沙漠居民日常生活用水量会减少,

Scientists say climate change is also melting glaciers high in the Himalayan Mountains.

科学家说,气候变化也在融化喜马拉雅山脉高地冰川.

The glaciers help provide freshwater for 1.

冰川帮助为一提供淡水.

5 billion people living in India, Pakistan, and six other Asian countries.

生活在印度,巴基斯坦等6个亚洲国家的50亿人.

In the past, the melting glaciers slowly released water into the rivers below.

过去,融化的冰川缓慢地将水排入下游的河流.

Now the glaciers are melting rapidly, and the long-term water supply is shrinking.

现在冰川正在迅速融化,而长期的供水正在收缩.

At the same time, the increased melting has caused severe flooding along these rivers.

同时,熔化程度的提高也造成了这些河流沿线的严重洪灾.

As the climate changes, less water is available in many countries for ranching, growing crops, and producing energy.

随着气候变化,许多国家用于放牧、种植作物和生产能源的水较少。

Nature and wildlife suffer.

自然和野生生物受苦受难.

Arguments break out between cities, states, and even countries.

在城市、州甚至国家之间爆发了争吵。

A boy fishes in the Daning River, one of many rivers fed by the Himalayas.

一个男孩在达宁河中捕鱼,是喜马拉雅山脉所养活的多条河流之一.

Solving the Problem So what can we do?

解决问题 我们能做什么?

Each person’s efforts to save water can help.

每个人的节水努力都会有所帮助。

Countries need to find solutions, too.

各国也需要找到解决办法。

Workers in Saudi Arabia are converting salt water to freshwater in a process called desalination.

沙特阿拉伯工人正在将盐水转化为淡水,这一过程称为海水淡化。

The process is expensive, though, and many countries cannot afford to build desalination plants.

但是,这一过程很昂贵,许多国家无力建造海水淡化厂。

What Can You Do?

你能怎么办?

brushing your teeth.

刷出你的牙齿。

to linger).

以示弃绝。

washing the family car.

清洗家用车。

water for plants.

植物用水。

• Fix leaks and drips.

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amount of potatoes).

数量).

of new stuff.

新的东西。

The island of Singapore is seeing if they can clean their wastewater.

新加坡岛正在看他们能否清理出废水。

They’re trying to reuse water that comes from washing dishes, flushing toilets, and taking baths and showers.

包括洗碗、冲厕所、洗澡等。

Some other countries do this, too, but Singapore obtains one-third of its water this way.

其他一些国家也这样做,但新加坡通过这种方式获得三分之一的水.

While cities are growing rapidly, agriculture uses about 70 percent of the world’s freshwater.

在城市迅速增长的同时,农业使用大约世界淡水的70%。

Should some of that water go to cities instead?

这些水应该去城市吗?

Solving the planet’s water problem is hard.

解决地球的水问题很困难。

Still, we all need to find ways to conserve this valuable resource.

然而,我们都需要找到办法来保护这一宝贵的资源。

It’s not just for our generation, but for the ones yet to come.

不仅为我们这一代人,