Prehistoric Cave
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Introduction Eager to see stalactites and stalagmites, Emmanuel and Victor begged to see caves while driving through France.
Emmanuel和Victor在开车经过法国时乞求看到洞穴。
They were learning about caves in school and wanted to see some bats, too.
他们在学校里学洞穴 也想看看蝙蝠
“Let’s stop at Font de Gaume,” said their dad.
他们的父亲说,
“It’s not far from here, in Les Eyzies (Layz Ay-ZEE).”
在Les Eyzies(Layz Ay-ZEE), “
A T our of Font de Gaume Victor, Emmanuel, and their mom and dad signed up for a tour and walked up some steps to the mouth of the cave.
我们的Font de Gaume Victor, Emmanuel, 和他们的妈妈和爸爸 报名参观, 走起几步走到洞口。
A heavy, padlocked door blocked the entrance.
一个被锁住的重门封锁了入口
Sitting in the shade with other families, they waited for the tour guide.
他们和其他家人坐在树荫下,等待着导游。
When the tour guide arrived, she locked their backpacks and purses in a cabinet.
导游到来后,她把他们的背包和钱包锁入了柜子.
“This helps to protect the cave from objects brushing its sides,” she said.
她说,“这有助于保护洞穴,防止其侧面被打磨出物体。”
Then she offered a suggestion: “If you have jackets, keep them with you.
然后她提出了一个建议: “如果你有夹克,就留着。
It’s much cooler in the cave.”
山洞里凉爽得多。 “
Once inside, the boys’ hearts sank.
一旦进入,男孩的心就沉了。
The cave was dry, which meant no new stalactites or stalagmites were forming.
洞穴干燥,这意味着没有新的石刻或石渣形成.
They also didn’t see any bats flying around.
也没有看到蝙蝠飞来飞去。
Victor shuffled his feet and whined, “What’s so great about this place?”
维克多洗了脚,抱怨道,“这个地方有什么了不起? “
After walking 19.
走了19个
8 m (65 ft), their tour guide used her flashlight to illuminate a scene painted on the cave wall.
8米(65英尺),他们的导游用她的手电筒照亮了洞壁上所绘的一幕.
The group gasped in unison.
组同气而入.
They saw five bison painted in several colors, outlined in black, and partly engraved.
他们看到五只野牛被用几道颜色画出,以黑色为图案,并被部分地雕刻.
“Wow—this is better than stalactites!”
"哇!这比石匠好"
exclaimed Emmanuel.
赞美了埃马纽埃尔。
Their tour guide shared that they were in one of the six most important caves in the world from the upper Paleolithic period.
他们的导游分享说,他们位于出自上旧石器时代的世界六大洞穴之一.
“Scientists think this cave was painted around 14,000 bc, when only modern Homo sapiens lived.
“科学家认为,这座洞穴是大约14 000公分高的,当时只有现代的Homo Sapien人居住。
A unique thing about this cave is that the paintings are polychromatic, which means they are made up of many different colors.”
这个洞穴的一个独特之处是画作是多色的,这意味着由许多不同的颜色所组成. “
Their guide led them deeper into the cave and shined her flashlight on another painting—this one showed reindeer.
他们的向导带领他们更深地走入洞穴,并用另一幅画照亮了她的手电筒——这幅画展示了驯鹿。
Victor noticed the antlers first, then found the edges of a body and laughed when he saw that one reindeer was licking the other.
维克多首先注意到了鹿角,然后发现了一具尸体的边缘并笑了起来,当他看到一头驯鹿正在舔另一只.
Moving Pictures The guide showed them another bison scene.
移动图片 向导向他们展示了另一个野牛场景.
She turned off her flashlight’s white light and switched to a red light.
她关掉了手电筒的白光,改用红灯。
Moving it quickly, she imitated the flicker of fire and an amazing thing happened.
动作快 她模仿了火的闪光 发生了一件令人惊奇的事
A bison that looked pasted on the stone wall in the white light now seemed to come alive.
一只长相贴在白光下石墙上的野牛现在似乎还活着.
Its side filled out, and it looked as if it were breathing.
它的侧面填满, 它看起来像是在呼吸。
The painting seemed to leap off the rock with stamping hooves.
这幅画似乎用印花蹄从岩石上跳出.
“Remember,” said the guide, “these paintings were made and viewed by people using torches, not flashlights.
导游说,“记住,这些绘画是用火把而不是手电筒制作和观看的。
The flickering red light lets you see the surface of the rock through the paint.
闪闪发光的红灯让你透过油漆看到岩石表面.
Now you can see the carved paintings in the light that ancient humans saw them.”
现在你可以看到被雕刻的画作在古人类所看到的光中. “
The group continued to wander through the cave.
该团体继续从洞穴中走来走去。
Victor and Emmanuel saw a bison with red horns, two deer with two bison, and a room decorated with little bison.
维克多和埃马纽埃尔看到一只有红角的野牛,有两只鹿有两只野牛,还有一个房间装饰有小野牛.
Next, they saw two horses, one raising its forelegs.
接下来,他们看到两匹马,一只抬起它的前腿.
“Here’s your stalactite,” the guide said, pointing to the hind legs of the horse.
指南说, " 这是你的石膏 " ,指向马的后腿。
“Ancient painters used stalactites to help them represent movement.
" 古代画家们用石膏来帮助他们代表运动。
They used the unevenness of the rock to show the fullness of an animal’s body.”
他们利用岩石的不均匀性来展示出一具动物身体的完整. “
“What kinds of paintings have you seen in this cave?”
“你在这个洞穴里看到了什么画? “
asked the tour guide.
问导游。
A girl on the tour answered, “They’re all animals.”
巡演的一位女孩回答说,“她们都是动物。 “
“Right!”
"对!"
said the guide.
向导说
“For thousands of years, cave paintings had only three kinds of subjects: animals, symbols, and people.
“几千年来,洞穴画只有三种主题:动物、象征和人。
There are no paintings of trees, plants, flowers, or the Sun.”
没有树木、植物、花卉或太阳等绘画。”
As they stepped out of the cave into the bright warmth of the summer afternoon Sun, Victor nudged his brother.
当他们走出洞穴进入了夏日下午阳光明媚的温暖中时,维克多把他的弟弟推倒了.
“Remember when you were little and you drew a horse on the dining room wall?”
“还记得你小时候在餐厅墙上画一匹马吗? “
“Yeah, and Mom said, ‘You’re not a caveman!
" 是啊,妈妈说:"你不是一个洞穴人!
Use paper to draw on.’
用纸取取取取. " ; "
“When we asked Mom who cavemen were, she said they were people who lived in caves a long time ago.”
“当我们问妈妈谁是洞穴人时,她说他们是很久以前住在洞穴里的人。 “
The tour guide overheard the boys and said, “Actually, cavemen didn’t live in caves.
导游听到男孩们说,“实际上,穴居人不是住在穴居地。
You can go to Prehisto Parc to see how people really lived when this cave was painted.”
你可以去Prehisto Parc,看看当这个洞被画出时人们是如何真正生活的. “
“Let’s go!”
让我们去!
chimed the boys eagerly.
急切地给孩子们打了一顿
Prehisto Parc After the tour, the family ate sandwiches for lunch at a cafe and then drove up the road to Prehisto Parc.
历史前公园 巡演后,全家在一家咖啡馆吃起三明治来吃午饭,后开上通往"前河口公园"的道路.
It was filled with life-sized scenes of Paleolithic hunter-gatherers.
它充满了旧石器猎人-采集者的生命大小场景.
Each scene had a sign describing the history of the scene.
每个场景都有一个描述场景历史的标志.
Victor and Emmanuel learned about the people and their homes, food, and art.
维克多和埃马纽埃尔了解了人民及其家园,食物和艺术.
The People People today often think of cavemen as hairy humans who lived at the time of dinosaurs, wore animal skins, carried a club, and dwelled in caves.
今日的"人民"常将洞口人想成是恐龙时代所活的毛发人,穿了动物皮,背了个会所,住在洞口.
Victor and Emmanuel learned first that dinosaurs didn’t have any human company.
Emmanuel首先得知恐龙没有任何人陪伴。
Second, the boys learned that while early humans may have worn animal skins, they probably carried spears, not clubs.
第二,男孩们得知,虽然早期人类可能已经穿了动物皮,但他们可能携带了长矛,而不是俱乐部.
And who would want to live in a damp, dark cave?
谁会想住在阴暗的洞穴里?
Not even prehistoric people, according to the first sign.
乃至史前之人也,据先标.
Their Homes “If these hunter-gatherers didn’t live in caves, what did they live in?”
他们的家园 “如果这些猎人采集者没有生活在洞穴里, “
Emmanuel asked.
埃马纽埃尔问。
The first few scenes in the park answered his question.
公园的最初几个场景回答了他的问题.
Ancient people built lean-tos near rock outcroppings by stretching animal skins over wooden poles.
古人通过将动物的皮肤伸到木柱上,在岩石出地附近建造了倒地.
To keep warmer during the cold winter, they dug into the ground to make a wall of earth.
为了在寒冷的冬季保持更暖和,他们挖入地来做一堵土墙.
Mammoth bones and tusks made the walls strong.
哺乳动物的骨骼和牙齿使墙壁坚固.
The roof was made with wooden poles and covered with reindeer skins and dirt.
屋顶用木杆做成并被驯鹿皮和泥土覆盖.
One sign read: Prehistoric builders carefully chose where to build their homes.
一个标语读作:史前建设者精心选择了建设家园的地方.
They built their shelters in the spaces under rocks to keep out bad weather.
他们在岩石下的空间里建造了他们的避难所,以避开恶劣的天气.
T o get the Sun’s warmth in winter and the most shade in summer, their dwellings faced south or southwest.
To在冬季得到太阳的温暖, 在夏季得到最阴凉的阳光,
They also built homes near a water source, such as a spring or river.
他们还在水源附近建造了房屋,如泉水或河流.
Their Food The boys came upon a scene of a mammoth hunt.
他们的食物 孩子们遭遇了猛兽猎杀的场景.
Their dad said, “This looks a bit different from going to the grocery store to get food.”
他们的爸爸说,“这似乎与去杂货店取食物有些不同。 “
The sign read: T o hunt, early humans worked together setting traps in the marshland.
标语为:To猎取,早期人类一起在沼泽地设置陷阱.
Then they lured an animal close to the trap.
然后他们引诱了靠近陷阱的动物.
Once a mammoth fell into the trap, it got stuck in the mud, and men could more safely kill it by throwing spears.
一旦一头猛毛象掉入了陷阱,它被卡入了泥地中,人们可以通过扔出长矛来更安全地杀死它.
Emmanuel and Victor learned that prehistoric people probably fished more often than they hunted.
埃马纽埃尔和维克多得知史前人可能比他们打猎更频繁地钓鱼.
Fishing was not as dangerous as hunting.
捕鱼不如打猎危险。
Archaeologists, or people who study ancient cultures, have found fish hooks, nets, and traps.
考古学家,或研究古代文化的人,已经发现了鱼钩,鱼网和陷阱.
This shows them that ancient people probably fished.
这说明古人可能钓到鱼
They think early humans probably used harpoons to fish, as well as to hunt animals such as bears.
他们认为早期的人类可能使用鱼叉来捕鱼,以及猎取熊等动物.
Inside the dwellings, Emmanuel and Victor saw that ancient humans had places for a fire, for sleeping, and for making weapons.
在住宅内部,埃马纽埃尔和维克多看到古代人类有放火、睡觉和制造武器的地方。
A layer of flat stones kept the floor dry.
一层平地石使地上干燥.
Outside, the boys saw places to cut meat, cook meals, scrape skins, and make weapons and tools.
外面,男孩们看到一些地方去切肉、做饭、刮皮并制造武器和工具。
The ancient people even had a place to put their garbage.
古人甚至有地方放垃圾
The boys’ father, who had wandered ahead, came back to tell them of a scene down the path.
这名男孩的父亲走在前面,回来告诉他们沿途的一个场景。
“Hunting and fishing were not the only sources of food.
“狩猎和捕鱼不是唯一的食物来源。
Come read about this!”
来看看这个!”
Gathering was even safer than fishing, the boys read.
聚会比钓鱼安全 男孩们读。
While early humans didn’t farm, they gathered and ate wild roots, berries, and mushrooms.
早期人类没有耕作,
They also found eggs and honey, and even ate larvae and mature insects.
他们还发现了蛋和蜂蜜,甚至还吃过幼虫和成熟的昆虫.
“Yuck!”
讨厌!
exclaimed the boys at the same time.
赞叹童子同时.
They were so grossed out, they didn’t even say jinx.
连坏消息都没有说。
Their Art Next, the boys saw a scene of an early human drawing on a cliff.
他们的"下一步艺术",孩子们在悬崖上看到了一出早期人类画作的场景.
“Maybe this will tell us more about the cave paintings,” said Emmanuel.
Emmanuel说,“也许这将告诉我们更多关于洞穴画的内容。”
The boys learned that early Homo sapiens liked to draw, often on animal bones and cave walls.
孩子们得知了早期的Homo sapiens喜欢画画,经常用动物骨头和洞壁画.
These ancient people didn’t just draw anything they saw in their world; they drew things that meant something to their hearts— maybe as an act of worship.
这些古老的人不仅画出他们所见所闻的东西,
The scene’s sign read: Prehistoric painters used their fingers or brushes (made from hair or plants) to apply paint.
该场景的标志为:史前画家用手指或刷子(由毛发或植物所出)来施用颜料.
They used yellow, red, and black paint made from minerals in rocks.
他们使用由岩石中矿物所制取的黄色,红色和黑色颜料.
For 20,000 years, they painted the same way, using the same three paints.
二万年来,他们用同一种方法绘画,使用同一种三相画.
They used the rock’s shape to enhance their paintings and used tools to carve the surface.
他们利用岩石的形状来增强他们的绘画,并用工具来雕刻地表.
Conclusion Victor, Emmanuel, and their parents took a canoe trip on the Dordogne (door - DOAN) River, passing castles and caves that dotted the golden cliffs.
Emmanuel Victor及其父母乘独木舟去多多涅(门-DOAN) 河流,经过的城堡和洞穴都点出金崖.
When the boys stopped paddling, their dad asked, “Are you getting tired?”
当男孩们停止横行时,他们的父亲问道:“你累了吗? “
Victor answered, “I was imagining the paintings that might fill those caves up there.”
Victor回答说,“我在想象那些可能填满上面的洞穴的绘画。 “
“Wouldn’t it be great to be the one who discovers them?”
" 发现它们的人难道不是伟大的吗? “
Emmanuel added.
埃马纽埃尔又说。
He was already dreaming of becoming an archaeologist and discovering more about the people who painted caves long ago.
他已经梦想成为一名考古学家 并发现更多关于 画洞穴的人很久以前。