Puffins

美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习

Table of Contents Sea Clowns.

内容海小丑表.

4 Meet the Puffins.

4个 见普法会.

5 Puffin Habits.

5个Puffin Habits.

11 Protecting Puffins.

11"保护活猫".

13 Seeing Puffins.

13 见普法.

15 Glossary.

15 词汇。

16 Sea Clowns If you’ve ever seen a puffin, you’re not likely to forget the experience.

16只海小丑 若你见过海豚,

Even if you haven’t, you probably know what these appealing birds look like.

即使你没有,你可能知道这些吸引人的鸟是什么样子。

Their appearance is unmistakable, with their plump bodies, black and white feathers, and huge, colorful beaks.

他们的外表不模糊,有出羽相生的羽毛,黑白相间的羽毛,并有巨大而多彩的喙.

They’re also recognized by their upright stance and determined walk.

他们的直率立场和坚定的行走方式也认可他们。

With their unusual characteristics, these sturdy little birds have captured many people’s imagination.

这些坚固的小鸟以其不同寻常的特点,捕捉了许多人的想象力.

Due to their amusing and colorful appearance, puffins have earned the nickname “clowns of the sea.”

由于海豚的外表有趣多彩, “

Meet the Puffins Puffins are seabirds—members of a group of birds that spend most of their lives on the open ocean.

见一见Puffins Puffins是海鸟——一群鸟类的成员,他们大部分时间都在公海上度过。

As skillful swimmers, they’re perfectly designed to inhabit the ocean.

作为精通游泳的运动员,

They zoom through the water using their wings as flippers and their feet to steer.

它们用翅膀来放大水面 作为翻转器 并用脚来向上

They can dive 100 feet (30 m) or more and stay underwater for about half a minute.

它们可以下潜100英尺(30米)或以上并停留在水下约半分钟.

You might think that puffins’ expert swimming abilities would take away from their flying skills.

你可能会认为海豚的精通游泳能力会夺走他们的飞行技能。

That’s a common myth about these birds, but they’re actually quite capable in flight.

这是关于这些鸟类的通俗神话,

They also walk with ease over rocks and other surfaces.

它们也会轻松地走过岩石和其他地表.

From mid-spring through summer, puffins live in nesting colonies on islands and coastal cliffs in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans.

从中春到夏季,海豚都生活在北大西洋和北太平洋的岛屿和沿海悬崖上筑巢的殖民地.

They have large, colorful beaks, areas of bright white feathers, and extra feathery decorations to attract a mate.

它们有大而多彩的喙,有亮白羽毛的地区,并有额外的羽毛装饰来吸引伴侣.

In addition, their webbed feet become bright orange.

此外,它们的被子脚会变成亮橙色.

The rest of the year, while these birds are far out at sea, they look much plainer.

其余的一年,虽然这些鸟类远出出出海外,但看起来更平坦.

They wear mostly black, white, and gray versions of their breeding season costumes.

他们主要穿着黑色,白色和灰色版本的繁殖季节服装.

The four types of puffins each have features that help people tell them apart.

4个种类的泡泡都有能帮助人们分辨的特征.

Puffins swim as if they’re flying underwater.

便便会游泳,

When puffins fly, they flap their wings as fast as 400 beats per minute.

当海豚飞起时,它们会飞快到每分钟400拍.

Do You Know?

你知道吗?

The scientific name for the Atlantic puffin is Fratercula arctica, which is Latin for “little brother of the north.”

大西洋海豚的科学名称是 " Fratercula arctica " ,是拉丁语,意为 " 北方的弟弟 " 。 “

One of the largest Atlantic puffin colonies is in the Labrador Sea, near Canada.

最大的大西洋海豚殖民地之一位于加拿大附近的拉布拉多海.

Atlantic puffins live on both sides of the North Atlantic Ocean, with more than half living along the coast of Iceland during the breeding season.

大西洋海豚生活在北大西洋两岸,繁殖季节有一半以上生活在冰岛沿岸.

Atlantic puffins are the smallest of the puffins and the least fancy, even when they are “dressed up.”

大西洋海平面是海平面中最小和最不花哨的,即使它们“穿好衣服”。 “

Their beak is bright orange at the tip with a blue-gray section trimmed in yellow.

它们的喙在尖端有亮橙色,有被黄色修剪的蓝灰色部分.

They have orange feet and a white face, chest, and belly.

他们有橙色的脚和白色的相貌,胸部和肚皮.

Adult male and female puffins look alike, though the males may be a bit larger.

成年的雄性与雌性海豚长相相似,虽然雄性可能较大一些.

Young puffins look similar to non-breeding adults.

年轻的海豚看起来与非繁殖成人类似.

Horned puffins live in the North Pacific Ocean, mainly south of the Arctic Circle.

黄蜂海豚生活在北太平洋,主要栖息于北极圈以南.

During the breeding season, they look roughly similar to Atlantic puffins with their white face and underside.

在繁殖季节,它们的外观与大西洋海豚大致相近,有白色相貌和下垂.

However, a spike of black “eyelashes” above each eye gives them away.

然而,每只眼睛上方的一股黑色 " 鞭打 " 使眼睛消失。

These eyelashes make horned puffins look as though they’re wearing makeup.

这些眼睫毛使角状的海绵看起来像是在化妆.

They also have a black line from behind each eye to the back of their head.

他们也有从每只眼睛后到后脑勺的黑线.

Another clue is the large yellow area at the base of their beak.

另一个线索是它们的喙底部的大黄地.

(Atlantic puffins instead have blue-gray on their beak.)

(大西洋海豚的喙有蓝灰色)

Adult Atlantic puffins are 10 to 12.

成年大西洋海豚为10到12分.

5 inches (25 to 32 cm) tall.

高5英寸(25至32厘米).

Adult horned puffins average 15 inches (38 cm) tall.

成年角羽花的平均高15英寸(38厘米).

Tufted puffins live in more places than other types of puffins.

塔夫德活佛比起其他种类的活佛,生活的地方更多.

They are found on both sides of the North Pacific Ocean as far north as Alaska and as far south as Japan and central California.

它们分布于北太平洋两岸,最北到阿拉斯加,最南到日本和加利福尼亚中部.

Unlike Atlantic and horned puffins, tufted puffins have a black chest and belly.

与大西洋和角状海豚不同的是,被角状海豚有黑色的胸部和肚皮.

In winter, they’re black with large red-orange beaks, but they look quite different during the breeding season.

在冬季,它们与大型红-橙喙是黑色的,但在繁殖季节它们看起来相当不同.

They have a white mask, an olive-yellow beak section, and long tufts of gold feathers above their eyes.

他们有一个白色的面具,一个橄榄黄色的喙部分,和长长的金羽毛在眼睛上方.

Orange feet and eye rings complete their summer look.

橘子脚和眼睛环 完成了他们的夏季外观。

Rhinoceros auklets are less well known than the other puffins.

犀牛亚科(学名:Rhinoceros auklets)比起其他海豚来更不为人所知.

They also look very different, which is why they are sometimes considered close cousins instead of actual puffins.

它们看起来也非常不同,这就是为什么它们有时被认为是亲近的表亲,而不是实际的泡泡.

“Rhinos” live along the Pacific coast of North America and along the coast of Asia near Japan.

“犀牛”生活在北美太平洋沿岸和日本附近的亚洲沿岸。

During the breeding season, their thin yellow-orange bill has a short “horn” at the base.

在繁殖季节,它们的薄黄色-橙色法案在基地有一个短的"角".

Rhino feathers are mainly brown— dark on the back and lighter on the chest and belly.

犀牛羽毛以棕色为主-背部为深色,胸部和肚皮较轻.

These birds have two narrow stripes of white feathers on each side of their head.

这些鸟头两侧有两条白色羽毛的狭长条纹.

Adult rhinoceros auklets average 13.

成年犀牛平均13只.

8 to 15 inches (35 to 38 cm) tall.

8至15英寸(35至38厘米)高.

Adult tufted puffins average 15 inches (38 cm) tall.

成人绒毛绒毛平均高15英寸(38厘米).

Puffin Habits Puffins usually return from the sea in late March or early April.

Puffin Habits Puffins通常于3月下旬或4月初从海上返回.

During the breeding season, they often live in colonies as large as several thousand birds.

在繁殖季节,它们常生活在有上千只鸟的殖民地.

They usually stay with the same mate and return to the same nesting sites yearly.

它们通常与同配一起生活,并每年返回同个筑巢地.

Once they return, each pair prepares a burrow where the female lays a single egg.

一旦它们返回,每对都准备出一个洞穴,雌鸟在那里产下一卵.

Tufted and European Atlantic puffins, along with rhinoceros auklets, usually dig burrows in soft soil.

土花和欧式大西洋海豚与犀牛亚科(英语:rhinoceros auklets)一般会把地洞挖入软土.

Horned and North American Atlantic puffins instead often nest in openings between rocks on coastal cliffs.

角和北美大西洋海平面 却经常在海岸悬崖上岩石之间的开口筑巢

Parents take turns keeping the egg warm.

父母轮流为鸡蛋取暖.

Both parents feed the chick for one to two months until it can fly.

双亲喂养小鸡一到两个月,直到它能飞.

Some sources report that puffin parents stop caring for their chicks at some point.

一些消息来源报道说,泡泡的父母在某个时候不再照顾自己的小鸡.

In truth, the chicks leave on their own when they are ready.

老实说,小鸡们准备好了就自己走

Puffins become adults around the age of five and can live for twenty years or more.

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All types of puffins mainly eat small fish.

各种花泡主要吃小鱼.

In winter, when fewer fish are available, puffins may also eat squid, shrimp, crabs, and other small creatures.

在冬季,当鱼少的时候,海豚也可能吃鱿鱼,虾,螃蟹等小动物.

Adult puffins eat while they are underwater.

成年海豚在水下吃东西

They also collect fish to take back to their chicks.

他们还收集鱼来取回雏鸟.

Puffins can carry fifteen or more fish in their beak at a time.

普活鱼一次在喙中可以携带15条或更多鱼.

Their rough tongue and the spines on the roof of their mouth help them hold the fish.

它们的粗糙舌头和口腔顶部的脊椎能帮助它们抱住鱼.

A newly hatched puffin is called a puffling!

新孵出一头海豚就叫"海豚"

Puffins can “stack” dozens of fish at a time.

Puffins一次可以"打捞"几十条鱼.

Protecting Puffins Humans have hunted puffins for hundreds of years for their meat, eggs, and feathers.

保护普芬斯人类已经为他们的肉,蛋和羽毛猎取了数百年的花花生.

In some places, these seabirds are still hunted.

在一些地方,这些海鸟仍然被猎取.

Humans also catch too many of the particular types of fish that puffins eat.

人类也捕取了太多的海豚所食用的特定种类的鱼.

The fish get caught far faster than they can reproduce.

鱼被捕获的速度比它们繁殖的速度快得多.

Warmer sea temperatures due to climate change are also resulting in fewer fish for puffins.

气候变化造成的暖海温也导致海豚鱼减少。

Some types of fish that are now plentiful are too big for chicks to eat, and others are less nutritious.

有些种类的鱼现已丰收,小鸡吃起来太大了,有的营养不足.

Puffins also get caught in fishing nets, and they are harmed by pollution.

松鼠还被渔网所捕获,并被污染所伤害.

Humans have disturbed many of their nesting areas.

人类已经扰乱了许多它们的巢穴区域.

Another serious threat is other predators, including gulls, eagles, rats, and foxes.

另一个严重威胁是其他捕食者,包括鸥,鹰,老鼠和狐狸.

In places where puffins live, people are working to solve the problems so these amazing seabirds can continue to live.

在海豚所居住的地方 人们正在努力解决问题 这样这些惊人的海鸟才能继续生活

They are unique members of Earth’s natural community.

他们是地球自然界的独特成员。

They are also important signs of the health of our oceans.

它们也是我们海洋健康的重要迹象。

When the oceans are healthy, puffins are healthy.

当海洋健康时,海豚是健康的。

Meet a Puffin Expert Wildlife scientist and puffin expert Dr.

这位是Puffin野生生物专家 和Puffin专家博士

Stephen Kress first became interested in nature in fourth grade.

斯蒂芬·克雷斯(Stephen Kress)在四年级开始对自然产生兴趣.

He saw that spreading suburbs near his home were wiping out natural habitats.

他看见他家附近的郊区正在蔓延, 自然栖息地正在消失。

As he learned more about nature, he decided to pursue a career in wildlife.

随着他更多地了解自然,他决定从事野生动物事业.

In the early 1970s, Dr.

在20世纪70年代初,博士.

Kress visited Eastern Egg Rock, a small island off the coast of Maine.

克雷斯参观了缅因州近海的一个小岛"东卵岩".

Atlantic puffins had lived there one hundred years earlier.

大西洋海豚在一百年前就住在那里了

Dr.

医生

Kress wondered if it might be possible to bring them back.

Kress想知道能否把他们带回来

He founded Project Puffin and used imaginative techniques—including “thinking like a puffin”—to bring these seabirds back to Eastern Egg Rock.

他创办了Puffin项目,并使用了富有想象力的技术——包括“想得像海豚”,将这些海鸟带回东蛋岩。

As of 2014, the island had 148 breeding pairs.

截至2014年,该岛有148对繁殖对.

Project Puffin is sponsored by the National Audubon Society, which works to protect birds, other wildlife, and their habitats.

普芬项目由致力于保护鸟类,其他野生动物及其栖息地的国家奥杜邦学会赞助.

To learn more about Project Puffin, visit the program’s website: http://projectpuffin.

要了解更多有关Puffin项目的情况,请访问该程序的网站:http://projectpuffin。

audubon.

奥杜邦

org/.

沃尔克/.

Seeing Puffins To see puffins in the wild, remember that they’re out at sea for many months each year.

见"花花公子" 在野外看到海豚,

They’re only on land during the breeding season.

在繁殖季节,

They’ll mainly be found on cliffs and islands that are difficult to reach, but it’s worth the effort if you can get there.

他们将主要在难以到达的悬崖和岛屿上找到,

Choose a place that allows wildlife viewing.

选择一个允许野生动物取景的地方.

Be careful not to disturb nesting birds.

慎勿扰巢鸟.

People may hike many miles to see puffins and only catch a glimpse of one or two.

人们可能徒步走多英里去见海豚 只看到一两只

You may have an easier time seeing them on a boat tour.

你可能比较容易在船上看到他们

You’ll probably be able to see them from a closer distance.

你或许能从更近的距离看到他们。

Tour companies know the prime areas for puffins, and they’ll share interesting information about these birds.

旅游公司了解海绵的主要地区,

Wherever you travel to see puffins, take binoculars and a camera.

无论你到哪里看海豚 都带着望远镜和相机

These little clowns are sure to amuse and fascinate you.

这些小小丑肯定会逗你开心的

Glossary breeding a time of the year when animals season (n.)

词汇育种是一年中动物季节(n.

of a particular species reproduce (p.

特定物种的繁殖(p.

6) burrow (n.)

6) 洞穴 (n.

a hole dug in the ground by an animal for use as a home (p.

一个被动物从地上挖出作为家用(p.

11) climate the long-term, lasting changes change (n.)

11) 长期而持久的变化(n.)

in Earth’s weather patterns or the weather patterns of a region (p.

在地球天气模式或某一区域的天气模式中(p.

13) coastal (adj.)

13) 沿海 (adj.

having to do with the coast of a sea or ocean (p.

与一海或一海洋的海岸有关(p.

6) colonies (n.)

6) 殖民地 (n.

groups of animals that live together (p.

共同生活的动物群体(p.

6) inhabit (v.)

6) 居民(五.

to occupy or live in (p.

或居住(p.

5) reproduce (v.)

5)再生(五.

to make offspring that are similar to the original living thing (p.

使后代与原始活物相类似(p.

13) tufted (adj.)

13)被打倒(adj.

having a cluster of strands such as feathers, hair, or grass that grow close together (p.

有羽毛,毛发等一串线条,或生长相近的草(p.

9) webbed (adj.)

9) 网床 (adj.

having fingers or toes joined by thin skin (p.

有手指或脚趾与薄皮相接(p.

6) An Atlantic puffin stands outside its den on a coastal cliff in Iceland.

6) 大西洋海豚站到其地穴外的冰岛海岸悬崖上.