Bonaparte
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A Famous Leader.
内容表 A出名领袖.
4 A Young Man on the Rise.
4 一个年轻人在崛起。
5 Achieving Total Power.
5"实现全能".
7 Running the Country.
7 经营全国.
8 Endless Wars.
8"无尽之战".
9 Napoleon’s Winning Streak Ends.
9拿破仑取胜史卓克结局.
11 Napoleon’s Lasting Influence.
11拿破仑持久影响.
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 The French Empire at the Height of Its Power in 1812 Paris H ATLANTIC OCEAN NORTH SEA BALTIC SEA MEDITERRANEAN SEA Spain France Russia Portugal United Kingdom Kingdom of Italy Swiss Conf.
16 法兰西帝国在1812年 位于其强国之高的巴黎 H ATLANTIC OCLANTH SEA BALTIC MEDITRANAN EEA 西班牙 法国 葡萄牙 意大利 联合王国 瑞士 Conf.
Conf.
孔会.
of the Rhine Grand Duchy of Warsaw Prussia Kingdom of Norway and Denmark Kingdom of Sweden Austrian Empire Kingdom of Naples Ottoman Empire French Empire French Allies French Enemies Countries Controlled by France A Famous Leader Napoleon Bonaparte was the leader of France in the early 1800s.
挪威华沙普鲁士王国和瑞典丹麦王国的莱茵大公国 奥地利帝国王国那不勒斯奥斯曼帝国 法兰西帝国 法兰西同盟 法国敌人国家 由法国控制 A名人领袖拿破仑·波拿巴在1800年代初是法国的领袖.
He was a very skilled general.
他是一个非常熟练的将军。
He won almost every battle he fought against France’s enemies.
他几乎每一次与法国敌人的战斗都赢得了胜利.
France’s main enemy was Great Britain, but it had many others.
法国的主要敌人是大不列颠,但也有许多其他敌人.
Napoleon is remembered mostly because of his military victories against those nations.
拿破仑之所以被铭记,主要是因为他对这些国家的军事胜利。
Napoleon was highly skilled at running the government of France.
拿破仑在管理法国政府方面非常熟练.
He made many changes that improved the French government.
他做了许多改变,改善了法国政府.
Napoleon made France a powerful and respected nation, but he also made many enemies.
拿破仑做的 法国是一个强大而受人尊敬的国家,但他也制造出许多敌人.
The story of Napoleon’s rise and fall is one of the most interesting stories in the history of Europe.
拿破仑起伏的故事是欧洲历史上最有趣的故事之一.
Famous French painter Jacques- Louis David painted this portrait of Napoleon in his study in 1812.
著名的法国画家雅克-路易·大卫于1812年在他的书房中画出这幅拿破仑的肖像.
A Young Man on the Rise Napoleon was born in 1769 in Corsica, a French island in the Mediterranean Sea.
一个崛起的拿破仑上的年轻人于1769年生于地中海法兰西岛科西嘉.
Napoleon’s family was part of the nobility, or upper class.
拿破仑的家庭是贵族或上等阶级的一部分。
After grade school, Napoleon studied at two military schools in France.
小学毕业后,拿破仑在法国的两所军校学习.
He graduated in 1785 as an army lieutenant.
1785年以陆军中尉身份毕业.
In 1789, the French Revolution broke out in France.
1789年,法国大革命在法国爆发.
The Revolution ended the French monarchy—the rule by kings.
革命结束了法国君主制——由国王统治.
People thought the Revolution would be a good thing for France.
人们以为革命对法国来说是一件好事.
Many French people were poor, and they hoped the Revolution would improve their lives.
许多法国人很穷,他们希望革命能改善他们的生活.
But in early 1793, events took a very bad turn.
但在1793年初,事态发生了非常糟糕的转折.
The revolutionaries killed King Louis XVI.
革命者杀死了国王路易十六.
That led to a period called the Reign of Terror.
这导致了一个叫作恐怖王朝的时期。
During that time, Queen Marie Antoinette and many other powerful nobles were also killed.
在此期间,玛丽·安托瓦内特王后和许多其他有势力的贵族也被杀害.
Young Napoleon was mocked by other students at a military academy in north-central France.
年轻的拿破仑被法国中北部一所军事学院的其他学生所嘲笑.
The Reign of Terror threw France into turmoil.
恐怖王朝使法国陷入了动荡.
France needed someone to take control and guide the country.
法国需要有人来控制和指导这个国家。
Napoleon felt sure he could do that.
拿破仑觉得他可以做到这一点。
But first he had to show that he had the necessary ability.
但首先他必须证明他有必要的能力.
Napoleon fought British forces at a city in southern France.
拿破仑在法国南部一城市与英国军队作战.
England and other European nations wanted to end the Revolution and bring back the French monarchy.
英格兰等欧洲国家想结束革命并收复法国君主制.
Napoleon drove out the British and recaptured the city.
拿破仑赶走了英军,夺回了这座城市.
That victory earned him a promotion to general.
那场胜利让他晋升为将军
He was only twenty-four years old.
年仅二十四.
Napoleon thought it was time to get married.
拿破仑认为是时候结婚了.
In 1796, he married Joséphine de Beauharnais (BOH-ar-nay), a widow with two children.
1796年,他与有2个子女的寡妇何塞·菲内·德·博哈奈斯(BOH-ar-nay)结婚.
Louis XVI, king of France, is led to his execution before a revolutionary crowd in 1793.
法国国王路易十六于1793年被革命群众处决.
Achieving Total Power Napoleon’s victories continued.
实现全能拿破仑的胜利仍在继续.
In 1796, he drove enemy armies out of Italy and claimed Italy for France.
1796年他将敌军赶出了意大利并宣称意大利为法国.
That victory made him a hero in France.
这场胜利使他成为了法国的英雄.
Napoleon wanted to invade England.
拿破仑想入侵英格兰.
But British fleets always proved stronger than French fleets, so the British navy kept Napoleon from carrying out his plan.
但英国舰队始终被证明比法国舰队更强大,因此英国海军阻止拿破仑执行他的计划.
The losses at sea did not keep Napoleon from becoming the unchallenged ruler of France, though.
海上的损失并没有阻止拿破仑成为法国的无敌统治者.
In 1799, he achieved a position that made him a dictator.
1799年,他获得了一个使他成为独裁者的地位.
And in 1804, he rose even higher—he made himself the emperor of France.
1804年,他升到更高的地步——他让自己成为了法国的皇帝.
Admiral Horatio (huh-RAY- shee-oh) Nelson commanded British fleets in two great victories against the French at sea—the Battle of the Nile in 1798 and the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805.
海军上将Horatio (huh-RAY-shee-oh)纳尔逊指挥了英国分舰队在海上对法军的两次伟大胜利——1798年的尼罗河战役和1805年的特拉法尔加尔战役.
These fleet actions ended Napoleon’s hopes of ever invading England.
这些舰队行动结束了拿破仑入侵英格兰的希望.
Admiral Horatio Nelson Admiral Nelson: Britain’s Answer to Napoleon Running the Country Napoleon was not just a great military leader.
海军上将Horatio Nelson上将Nelson:英国对拿破仑的管理拿破仑的回答不仅仅是一个伟大的军事领袖.
He was also very good at managing the government.
他也非常善于管理政府.
He changed many things to make the government work better.
他改变了许多事情,让政府运作得更好.
He also improved the nation’s courts and system of higher education.
他还改进了国家法院和高等教育制度。
Napoleon’s greatest achievement is called the Napoleonic Code.
拿破仑最大的成就是"拿破仑法典".
The code made it illegal for government officials to give favors to members of rich and powerful families.
这部法典规定,政府官员给予富人和有势力的家庭成员恩惠是非法的.
It also stated that government jobs had to be given to people who would do them well.
它还指出,政府的工作必须交给能做好工作的人。
The Napoleonic Code swept away a huge tangle of laws going back centuries.
拿破仑法典扫荡了几百年前 一大堆法律
To improve the nation’s finances, Napoleon changed the system of tax collection.
为了改善国家财政,拿破仑改变了收税制度.
He also kept a close eye on the government’s spending each year.
他也密切关注政府每年的支出情况.
As a result of his changes, France had more than enough money on hand to keep the government running.
由于他的变化,法国手头的钱已够维持政府的运作.
Napoleon worked long hours and wrote thousands of letters to try to make his government better.
拿破仑工作了很长的时间,并写了上千封信试图让自己的政府变得更好.
Endless Wars Napoleon wanted to build an empire in Europe, but that led to wars with other European nations.
无尽的战争拿破仑想在欧洲建立一个帝国,但这导致了与其他欧洲国家的战争.
The conflicts were known as the Napoleonic Wars.
这些冲突被称为拿破仑战争.
Napoleon raised a huge army of more than six hundred thousand men for the wars.
拿破仑为战争募集了一支由60多万人组成的庞大军队.
He called it the Great Army.
他称之为"大军".
France’s enemies joined together in an effort to stop Napoleon, but he defeated them one after another.
法国的敌人联手阻止拿破仑,但他接连打败了他们.
With each victory, his empire grew.
随着每次的胜利,他的帝国不断壮大.
Napoleon tried to weaken England’s economy.
拿破仑试图削弱英格兰的经济.
He ordered European nations not to trade with the British.
他命令欧洲国家不要同英国人进行贸易.
To enforce that order, French ships blocked the ports of European nations that were trading with England.
为了执行这一命令,法国船只封锁了与英国贸易的欧洲国家的港口.
French soldiers of the Great Army march through Russia in 1812.
1812年大陆军的法国士兵出征俄国.
In December 1805, Napoleon achieved a great victory at the Battle of Austerlitz (AW- stur-lits).
1805年12月,拿破仑在奥斯特利茨战役(英语:AW-stur-lits)上取得了巨大胜利.
It took place in an area that is now part of the Czech (CHEK) Republic.
它发生在现在属于捷克(CHEK)共和国的地区.
Napoleon’s forces defeated a much larger army of Russians and Austrians.
拿破仑的军队击败了更大规模的由俄国人和奥地利人组成的军队.
In 1810, Napoleon added Holland and parts of what is now Germany to his empire.
1810年,拿破仑将荷兰和现在德国的部分地区加入他的帝国.
His empire was now at its most powerful.
他的帝国现在最强大了
At about the same time, Napoleon divorced Joséphine and married an eighteen-year-old Austrian duchess, Marie Louise.
大约在同一时间,拿破仑与何塞·芬(Joséphine)离婚并嫁给了18岁的奥地利公爵夫人玛丽·路易丝.
In 1811, she gave birth to a son, who was also given the name Napoleon.
1811年她生下了一个儿子,他也被赐名拿破仑.
Many consider the Battle of Austerlitz Napoleon’s greatest military victory.
许多人认为奥斯特利茨·拿破仑战役是最大的军事胜利.
Napoleon’s Winning Streak Ends In 1812, Napoleon made a big mistake when he decided to invade Russia.
拿破仑的胜利收场 1812年,拿破仑在决定入侵俄罗斯时犯了一个大错误.
Russia had ignored Napoleon’s order not to trade with England.
俄罗斯无视拿破仑不与英国贸易的命令.
In addition, Russia’s Czar (ZAR) Alexander I was about to join forces with the British.
此外,俄罗斯沙皇(ZAR) 亚历山大一世正准备同英国人联手.
Napoleon decided he had to prevent that.
拿破仑决定他必须阻止这一点.
So in June 1812, he led more than six hundred thousand soldiers into Russia.
因此在1812年6月,他率领了60多万士兵入俄.
For a while, the Russian army refused to fight.
有一段时间,俄军拒绝出战.
They continued to retreat, burning crops as they went, leaving nothing for the French soldiers to eat.
他们继续撤退,一去不复返地烧了庄稼,留下一分钱给法军士兵吃.
The Russians finally stood and fought the French on September 7 near the town of Borodino (bor-uh-DEE-noh).
俄国人终于站了起来,并于9月7日在博罗地诺镇(bor-uh-DEE-noh)附近与法国人交战.
The Russians suffered about forty-five thousand losses and the French thirty thousand.
俄而相克相克相克相克相克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克克
Soldiers of the Great Army overrun Russian gunners during the Battle of Borodino.
大陆军的士兵在波罗地诺战役中占领了俄国炮手.
Napoleon chased the Russian army farther into Russia, but his army was getting smaller and weaker.
拿破仑更远地追赶了俄国军队进入了俄国,但他的军队却越来越弱小.
Many soldiers were dying of hunger and disease.
许多士兵正在死于饥饿和疾病。
Napoleon reached Moscow in mid-September, only to find it nearly empty.
9月中旬拿破仑到达莫斯科,只为了发现它几乎是空的.
Much of the city was soon burning from fires set by the Russians.
城市的大部分地区很快被俄国人所放起的火烧毁.
In mid- October, with winter approaching, Napoleon took his army back to France.
10月中旬,随着冬天的到来,拿破仑将他的军队带回了法国.
Russian forces attacked the French army many times as it withdrew.
俄军在撤退后多次出击法军.
Only about ten thousand of Napoleon’s soldiers made it back to France.
只有约一万拿破仑的士兵回到了法国.
Napoleon leads cold and hungry French forces in their retreat from Moscow.
拿破仑率领寒冷而饥饿的法军从莫斯科撤退.
Napoleon’s time as the ruler of Europe soon came to an end.
拿破仑作为欧洲统治者的时代很快结束.
An alliance of his enemies surrounded Paris in 1814 and forced him to give up his throne.
1814年他的敌人联盟包围了巴黎并迫使他放弃了王位.
Napoleon was exiled to the Italian island of Elba.
拿破仑被放逐到意大利的埃尔巴岛.
However, he escaped in early 1815 and raised a new army.
然而,他于1815年初出逃并组建了一支新的军队.
Napoleon met his final defeat at the Battle of Waterloo in Belgium on June 18.
拿破仑在6月18日比利时滑铁卢战役中遭遇了最后的失败.
The Napoleonic Wars were finally over.
拿破仑战争终于结束了.
France’s monarchy was brought back.
法国君主制被收回.
This time, Napoleon was exiled to a faraway place: the British island of St.
这次拿破仑被放逐到一个遥远的地方:英国的圣岛.
Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean.
位于南大西洋的海伦娜.
He lived the rest of his life there and died in 1821.
他在那里度过了余生,于1821年去世.
His body was later returned to France.
他的尸体后来被送回法国.
Napoleon spent his time on the island of Elba planning his escape and return to power.
拿破仑把时间花在了埃尔巴岛,计划了他的出逃并恢复了政权.
Napoleon’s Lasting Influence Napoleon helped shape the later history of Europe.
拿破仑的"持久影响拿破仑"帮助塑造了后来的欧洲历史.
The ideas of the Napoleonic Code were adopted by many other nations, which based their legal systems on them.
拿破仑法典的思想被许多其他国家所采纳,而这些国家以它们为法律制度的基础.
The code led to the modern age of European politics.
该法典导致了欧洲政治的现代.
Napoleon’s influence also included his great success at war.
拿破仑的影响还包括他在战争中的巨大成功.
His battle tactics and campaign strategies have since been studied at many military schools.
他的战斗战术和战役策略此后被许多军校所研究.
Someone once asked England’s Duke of Wellington, the victor at Waterloo, who he thought was history’s greatest general.
有人曾经问过滑铁卢的胜利者英格兰威灵顿公爵,他认为谁是史上最伟大的将军.
His answer was Napoleon.
他的答案是拿破仑.
The French Civil Code influenced legal systems around the world.
法国公民 守则影响了世界各地的法律制度。
The Life of Napoleon 1769: Born in Corsica 1785: Graduates from military school with rank of second lieutenant 1793: Quells an internal French revolt and is elevated to rank of brigadier general 1796: Marries Joséphine de Beauharnais 1805: Defeats Russian and Austrian forces at the Battle of Austerlitz 1810: Divorces Joséphine and marries Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria 1812: Invades Russia and suffers a terrible defeat 1814: Abdicates as emperor and is exiled to the island of Elba 1815: Exiled to the remote island of St.
拿破仑生平 1769年:生于科西嘉. 1785年:从军校毕业,军衔为第二中尉. 1793年: 1796年法国国内叛乱爆发,被提升为准将: 马瑞斯·若泽芬·德·博哈奈斯 (Marries Joséphine de Beauharnais 1805):在1810年奥斯特利茨战役中被俄军和奥地利军队击败:与若泽芬离婚并和奥地利的阿奇多谢斯·玛丽·路易丝结婚 1812年: 1814年入侵俄国并遭受惨败: 作为皇帝的疲劳被放逐到埃尔巴岛 (1815年):被放逐到偏僻的圣岛.
Helena 1815: Escapes from Elba and raises an army; is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo 1821: Dies on St.
海伦娜1815年:从埃尔巴出逃并起兵;被击败于滑铁卢1821战役: 死在圣塔岛.
Helena; his body is later returned to France 1804: Crowns himself emperor of France Glossary alliance (n.)
海伦娜;他的尸体后来被送回法国 1804年:皇室本人为法国词汇联盟的皇帝 (n.
a partnership between two or more countries (p.
两个或两个以上国家之间的伙伴关系(p.
13) code (n.)
13)代码 (n.
a set of rules or laws (p.
一套规则或法律(p.
8) czar (n.)
8) 沙皇 (n.
a male Russian ruler before the Russian Revolution in 1917 (p.
1917年俄国革命前的俄罗斯男性统治者 (p.
11) dictator (n.)
(11) 独裁者(n.
a ruler with total power (p.
具有全能的统治者(p.
7) emperor (n.)
7) 皇上 (n.
a man who rules an empire (p.
统治帝国的人(p.
7) empire (n.)
7) 帝国 (n.
a collection of nations or people ruled by one person or government (p.
由一人或政府统治的国家或人民汇编(p.
9) exiled (v.)
9)被放逐(五.
forced to leave his or her country of origin (p.
被强迫离开原籍国(p.
13) general (n.)
13) 通则 (n.
a high-ranking officer in an army, air force, or marine corps (p.
军队,空军,或海军陆战队中的高级军官(p.
4) monarchy (n.)
4) 君主制 (n.