Money in the USA
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Making Money.
内容赚钱表.
4 Banking and Mint Marks.
4 银行和薄荷马克。
7 Counterfeiting.
7作假.
10 Recycling Money, Collecting Money.
10再生钱,收取钱.
14 Standardizing Money.
14 货币标准化。
17 Glossary.
17 词汇表。
20 Making Money Money is something that people living in the United States today cannot survive without.
20,"赚钱"(Make Money Money)是今天生活在美国的人们无法生存的.
People use money to purchase things they need to live, such as food and shelter.
人们用钱来购买他们需要生活的东西,例如食物和住所.
People also use money to purchase things they want, but do not necessarily need to survive.
人们也用钱来购买他们想要的东西,但不一定需要生存.
The money used in the United States is different from the money of other countries.
美国使用的货币与其他国家的货币不同.
Each country has its own currency system.
每个国家都有自己的货币制度。
The system in the United States is based on a decimal system that uses dollars and cents.
美国的系统基于使用美元和分数的十进制.
A big central bank, known as the Federal Reserve, issues all money in the United States.
一家被称为"联邦储备银行"的大型中央银行在美国发行了所有货币.
But the Federal Reserve does not make money.
但美联储不赚钱.
Money is actually made by two other organizations: one is the U.
钱实际上是由另外两个组织制造的:一个是U.
S.
师曰.
Mint, which makes coins, and the other is the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, which makes the notes, or bills.
铸币局(Mint),即铸币局;而另一个是铸币局(Engraphy and Printing Bureau),即出纸币,或钞票.
United States currency has a design that makes it different from other currencies in the world.
美国货币有一个使其与世界其他货币不同的设计.
The money used in the U.
吴用之所出.
S.
师曰.
is highly symbolic of American values and history.
是美国价值和历史的象征
For example, all coins and notes feature a portrait of someone important in the history of the United States.
例如,所有硬币和纸币都刻有美国历史上重要人物的肖像.
Banking and Mint Marks Once notes and coins are made, they are shipped to banks that are run by the Federal Reserve, which is the central bank of the United States.
银行业和薄荷商标 纸币和硬币一出后,被运往由美联储管理的银行,美联储是美国中央银行.
Twelve Federal Reserve banks are located across the nation and make up our national bank system.
12个联邦 储备银行遍布全国,构成我国国家银行系统.
Just as people might have a checking account at a private bank, private banks have checking accounts with Federal Reserve banks.
正如人们可能在一家私人银行有一个支票账户一样,私人银行也在联邦储备银行的账户中进行支票.
Private banks use these accounts to buy notes or coins whenever they need them for their customers.
私人银行在顾客需要时使用这些账户购买纸币或硬币.
People cash checks and get change in banks through a teller.
人们通过出票人进行现金检查和银行换钱.
The U.
吴人.
S.
师曰.
Mint does not decide which coins to produce and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing does not decide which notes to print.
明特不决定要出产哪些硬币,而雕刻和印刷局也不决定要出出哪些纸币.
Neither has the authority to start or stop producing a unit of currency.
也没有权利开始或停止生产一单位货币。
The U.
吴人.
S.
师曰.
Mint produces between 11 billion and 20 billion coins each year while the Bureau of Engraving and Printing produces about 37 million notes each day.
Mint每年出产110亿至200亿枚硬币,而雕刻和印刷局每天出产约3700万个纸币.
Congress decides the denomination of the currency to be produced and circulated.
国会决定所要制作和发行的货币的面额.
Look at a U.
看看一个U。
S.
师曰.
dollar or coin and you can tell where it originated.
美元或硬币,你可以分辨它的来源。
All coins get a “mint mark,” or a letter code that tells where the coin was made.
所有硬币都获得"薄荷标记"或字母代码来说明硬币的出产地.
If you see a P on the front of a coin, to the right of the portrait, the coin was minted in Philadelphia.
如果你看到硬币正面有P, 在肖像的右边, 硬币是在费城铸造的.
A D means it came from Denver, an S, from San Francisco.
一个D表示它来自丹佛,一个S,来自旧金山.
Dollar bills made before 1996 have a regional seal with the name of the Federal Reserve bank that issued the note.
1996年以前的美元票据有一张地区印章,上面写着签发纸币的联邦储备银行的名称.
Since 1996, notes show the Federal Reserve bank of origin through a new seal that includes a letter and number below the serial number.
自1996年以来,纸币通过一个新的印章显示美联储的原产地银行,该印章包括一个字母和序号以下的号码.
Bank Letter Number Boston A 1 New Y ork City B 2 Philadelphia C 3 Cleveland D 4 Richmond E 5 Atlanta F 6 Chicago G 7 St.
银行函号波士顿 A 1 新Y Ork City B 2 费城 C 3 克利夫兰 D 4 里士满 E 5 亚特兰大 F 6 芝加哥 G 7 St.
Louis H 8 Minneapolis I 9 Kansas City J 10 Dallas K 11 San Francisco L 12 Origin of notes Counterfeiting Almost as soon as the Bureau of Engraving and Printing began producing notes, criminals began counterfeiting them.
路易·H·明尼阿波利斯(Louis H 8 Minneapolis) 堪萨斯城 J 10 Dallas K 11 旧金山 L 12 伪造钞票的出处 几乎一经刻印局开始制作钞票,罪犯就开始伪造了.
The U.
吴人.
S.
师曰.
Treasury created the Secret Service in 1865 to control counterfeiters.
财政部于1865年创建了特勤局来控制伪造者.
In the United States, counterfeiting is a federal crime that is punishable by up to fifteen years in prison.
在美国,伪造是联邦罪行,最高可被处以15年监禁.
Advanced printing methods prompted the U.
先进的印刷方法促使了U.
S.
师曰.
government to change the design of paper money in 1996 to stay ahead of counterfeiters.
政府改变纸币的设计 在1996年,保持领先 伪造者。
This was the first significant design change to paper money in sixty-seven years.
这是67年来第一次对纸币的重大设计改动.
From now on, new designs will be created every seven to ten years.
从现在开始,每7到10年将创造出新的设计.
T op, U.
(原始内容存档于2018-03-21). Top, U.
S.
师曰.
$20 before 1996.
1996年以前为20美元。
Middle, U.
(原始内容存档于2012-10-11). Middle, U.
S.
师曰.
$20 between 1996 and 2003.
1996年至2003年间共20元.
Bottom, U.
(原始内容存档于2018-09-21). Bottom, U.
S.
师曰.
$20 from 2004 to present.
2004年至今共20美元。
Paper money created since the redesign in 1996 still has the same historical figures and national symbols as the old series.
自1996年重新设计以来所创造的纸币仍然与旧系列具有相同的历史数字和国家符号.
The new bills also are the same size and texture as notes created before 1996.
新账单的尺寸和纹理也与1996年之前创建的纸币相同.
Like notes, coins have also had design changes over the years.
和纸币一样,硬币在过去几年中也有了设计上的变化.
Congress occasionally directs the U.
国会偶尔会指导U.
S.
师曰.
Mint to create newly designed editions of coins.
薄荷来创造新设计的版硬币.
Congress also occasionally directs the U.
国会偶尔也会指导U.
S.
师曰.
Mint to create commemorative coins that are completely new.
薄荷来创造全新的纪念币.
California, the 3 1 st state to join the Union, is the 3 1 st state to have a state quarter made in its honor.
加利福尼亚州,即加入联邦的3个1等州,是3个1等州在其荣誉上拥有一个州季.
Every 10 weeks from 1999 to 2008, the design on the reverse side of the quarter changed to honor a different state.
从1999年到2008年,每10周一个季度倒行逆施的设计都会被改变,以纪念不同的状态.
Anyone can learn how to check whether or not notes are counterfeit.
任何人都可以学习如何检查纸币是否为伪造.
The three security features that you can check to authenticate notes are: watermarks, color-shifting ink, and security thread.
三种安全特性可以检查以验证音符,它们是:水印,变色墨水,以及安全线.
The watermark is a faint image in the background of a bill.
水印是一张账单背景中的一个微弱的图像.
Color-shifting ink on the numeral in the corner of the bill changes color from copper to green when a note is tilted up and down.
帐单一角数字上以相色相相相变的墨水将音符上下倾斜后从铜色变为绿色.
Finally, a security thread runs vertically through every new note issued since 1996.
最后,安全线垂直贯穿自1996年以来发行的每张新纸条.
Recycling Money, Collecting Money Money does not last forever.
回收钱,收取钱财不会永远存在.
Paper money is routinely deposited by private banks into Federal Reserve banks which then destroy notes that are too worn for use.
纸币通常由私人银行存入美联储银行,然后由这些银行销毁太过磨损的纸币。
Some paper money is recycled into other products, such as stationery.
一些纸币被回收到其他产品,如文具.
As for coins, the U.
至于硬币,U.
S.
师曰.
Mint does not repurchase used coins.
Mint不回购用过的硬币.
It will, however, pay for mutilated coins, but only for their value as scrap metal.
然而,它将支付被肢解的硬币,但仅支付其作为废金属的价值。
Federal Reserve banks will replace old, worn coins with new coins of the same denomination and will then forward the old coins to the U.
联邦储备银行会用同一种面额的新硬币来取而代之,再将旧币转至U.
S.
师曰.
Mint to be recycled.
薄荷要回收利用。
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Coins last longer than bills.
钱比账单长
The life expectancy for a circulating coin is 30 years, whereas paper money lasts just 1 8 months!
流通硬币的预期寿命为30年,而纸币仅持续了18个月!
Perhaps the biggest change in coins over the years has been the precious metals of which they are made.
也许这些年来最大的硬币变化是所铸造的贵金属.
Early U.
(原始内容存档于2018-10-21). Early U.
S.
师曰.
coins were made of gold, silver, or copper.
硬币由金,银,或铜制成.
In its first year, the U.
在它的第一年,U.
S.
师曰.
Mint produced 11,178 copper cents.
薄荷出产了11,178分铜.
It was not long before the U.
不久,U就来了。
S.
师曰.
Mint began producing coins in silver and gold, too.
薄荷也开始用银和金来生产硬币.
Today, only very small amounts of copper, nickel, and zinc are used in the making of U.
如今,在制取U时只用到极小量的铜,镍和锌.
S.
师曰.
coins.
硬币
Gold is only found in antique coins.
黄金只存在于古董硬币中.
A worker at a mint loads bags of coins to ship to banks.
薄荷糖厂的工人把一袋硬币装上船去银行.
Congress authorizes the U.
国会授权U.
S.
师曰.
Mint to produce commemorative coins.
薄荷来生产纪念币.
Congress decides who or what will be featured on commemorative coins as well as how many of these special coins will be produced.
国会决定纪念币上哪些或哪些会出道,以及这些特殊硬币中有多少会出产.
Commemorative coins are not produced for circulation.
纪念币不为流通所出.
They can be used as legal tender, but their face value is not the same as their appraised value.
它们可以用作法定货币,但其面值与其估价值不同.
For example, a 1935 Hudson, N.
例如一出1935年的"哈德逊"(Hudson, N.
Y.
对
, Sesquicentennial half dollar has a face value of 50 cents but was sold for $1 when it was first issued.
,"七百周年"半美元面值为50美分,但在首次发行时以一美元的价格被出售.
Now it sells for between $1,000 and $5,000.
现在卖出1000到5000美元
Money made from the sale of commemorative coins is used to fund special projects.
由销售纪念币所铸造出的钱用于资助特殊项目.
The restoration of the Statue of Liberty was partially funded by sales of commemorative coins that had a picture of the Statue of Liberty.
修复"自由女神"的部分资金来自销售有"自由女神"照片的纪念币.
Some U.
有点U.
S.
师曰.
money is never spent, exchanged, or recycled.
钱从不花费、交换或回收。
Instead, it is kept in collections by numismatists, or coin collectors.
取而代之的是被数字学家,或硬币收藏家收藏.
Collectors keep notes and coins in hope that they will increase in value.
收藏者保留了纸币和硬币,希望它们能增加价值.
The U.
吴人.
S.
师曰.
Mint also produces commemorative coins that collectors purchase.
Mint还出产收藏家所购买的纪念币.
Commemorative coins are special coins that are issued to honor a person, place, institution, or event in history.
纪念币是特殊硬币,为纪念历史上的人,地点,机构,或事件而发行.
Collectors may also collect numismatic coins that were issued as standard coins.
收藏者还可能收集被作为标准硬币所发行的多数字硬币.
Commemorative and numismatic coins are valued by their rarity, condition, and age.
纪念和数字硬币按其稀有性、条件和年龄来估价。
The first U.
第一个U.
S.
师曰.
commemorative coin featured Christopher Columbus.
纪念币以克里斯多夫·哥伦布为主角.
It was made to coincide with the W orld’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893.
它是为了1893年W·奥尔德在芝加哥举行的哥伦比亚博览会而作.
The amount and type of money made in the United States has changed over the years.
多年来,美国货币的数量和类型发生了变化。
From Congress, to the U.
从国会到U.
S.
师曰.
Mint and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, to the Federal Reserve banks, the government keeps coins and notes circulating and the value of U.
明特和雕刻和印刷局,对联邦储备银行,政府保持硬币和纸币流通和U的价值.
S.
师曰.
money safe.
钱安全。
Using ATMs is one of the easiest ways to get money.
使用自动取款机是最容易获得资金的方法之一.
Standardizing Money When our nation was first formed, its economy depended largely on a mixture of foreign coins.
货币标准化 我国刚成立时,其经济主要依靠外国硬币的混合.
Beginning in 1775, the Continental Congress issued currency to pay for the Revolutionary War.
从1775年开始,大陆大会发行货币来支付革命战争.
These notes, called Continentals, quickly became devalued because they were easily counterfeited and were not backed by gold or silver.
这些笔记被称作"大陆"(Continentals),后因容易被作假而迅速被贬低价值,并没有得到金或银的支持.
On April 2, 1792, the United States Congress passed The Mint Act.
1792年4月2日,美国国会通过"薄荷法案".
For the first time, currency in the United States became standardized.
美国货币首次被标准化.
Since then, U.
从那时起 吴.
S.
师曰.
coin production has grown from 1,500 coins a year to more than 11 billion coins a year, and the United States dollar has become one of the strongest currencies in the world.
硬币产量从每年1500枚硬币增长到每年超过110亿枚硬币,而美元也成为了世界上最强的货币之一.
Glossary counterfeiters (n.)
名词伪造者(不详)
people who produce false currency (p.
生产假币的人(p.
10) currency (n.)
10) 货币(n.
money, in any acceptable form (p.
货币,以任何可接受的形式(p.
5) denomination (n.)
5) 面额(n.)
the face value for a type of currency (p.
一种货币的面值(p.
8) face value (n.)
8) 面值 (n.
a number or phrase that appears on a coin or note telling its worth (p.
硬币或纸币上显示其价值的数字或短语(p.
16) Federal the central bank of Reserve (n.)
16) 联邦储备银行(n.
the United States (p.
页:1
5) legal tender (n.)
5) 法定投标(不详)
money that people must accept as payment within a country (p.
资金,人们必须接受在一个国家内的支付(p.
16) mutilated (adj.)
16)被肢解(adj.)
badly damaged (p.
严重损坏(p.
14) numismatic (adj.)
14) 数字学 (adj.
referring to currency collected because of its rarity and historical significance (p.
指因其稀有性和历史意义而收受的货币(p.
15) precious metals that are highly valued metals (n.)
15)贵金属高值金属(n.
because of their rarity (p.
因为他们少见(p.
13) Many designs on money have changed to honor people and events in U.
13) 许多钱币的设计都改为了纪念U里的人和事件.
S.
师曰.
history.
历史
Security features have changed to keep counterfeiters from being able to use fake bills.
安全特征被改变,使假冒者无法使用假钞.
New rules to keep pace with new technology mean the future holds further changes for U.
与新技术相适应的新规则意味着未来会给U带来进一步的改变.
S.
师曰.
currency.
货币。
However, the function of money in the United States will remain the same.
然而,美国货币的功能将保持不变.
People will still use money to buy what they need and some of what they want.
人们仍然会用钱来购买他们需要的东西和一些他们想要的东西.
The use of money has become part of everyday life.
金钱的使用成为了日常生活的一部分.
About $42 billion per month is spent in U.
每月约420亿美元用在了U.
S.
师曰.
grocery stores.
杂货店