Mexico
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Where Is It?
内容表在哪里?
............................ 4 People................................. 6 Land.................................. 8 History............................... 10 Animals.............................. 12 Conclusion............................ 14 Glossary.............................. 16 Where Is It?
.............. 4 人 人 况 6 地. 8 历史. 10 动物. 12 结论。 14 词汇表。 16号在哪里?
Mexico City, one of the oldest cities in North America, is the capital of Mexico. It sits in a basin surrounded by mountains and is home to more than nineteen million people. Mexico City contains many beautiful parks. Chapultepec (chah-pool-te-PEK) Park is the largest. It contains a zoo, gardens, fountains, museums, lakes, and forests. People Thousands of years ago, American Indians lived on the land that is now Mexico and built amazing civilizations. Then, Spanish explorers came to Mexico in 1517. By 1521, the Spanish had conquered the region, and Mexico became a colony of Spain. As a result, about two thirds of modern Mexico’s people are mestizos (mes- TEE-zohz). This means they are the descendants of both American Indian and European ancestors. The other third of the population consists of American Indians, Spanish descendants, and other people who have come to the country. Today, Mexico has a population of more than 120 million people. Most Mexicans speak Spanish. More people speak Spanish in Mexico than any other country in the world. Some people speak American Indian languages. Most of the population lives in cities. A monument to war heroes greets visitors as they enter Chapultepec Park (bottom).
墨西哥城是北美最古老的城市之一,是墨西哥的首都. 它坐落于被山所包围的盆地中,有1900多万人居住. 墨西哥城包含许多美丽的公园. 查普尔特佩克(Chah-pool-te-PEK) 公园是最大的。 它包含一个动物园,花园,喷泉,博物馆,湖泊和森林. 人员 数千年前,美国印第安人生活在现在墨西哥的土地上,并建立了惊人的文明. 随后,西班牙探险家于1517年来墨西哥. 至1521年,西班牙人已经征服了这一地区,而墨西哥也成为了西班牙的殖民地. 因此,现代墨西哥大约有三分之二的人是mestizos(mes-TEE-zohz). 这意味着他们是美国印第安人和欧洲祖先的后裔. 另外三分之一的人口由美国印第安人,西班牙后裔等来此地的人所组成. 今天,墨西哥的人口已超过1.2亿. 大多数墨西哥人会说西班牙语. 墨西哥讲西班牙语的人比世界上任何其他国家都多. 有些人会说美国印第安语言. 大部分人口居住在城市. 战争英雄纪念碑迎接游客进入查普尔特佩克公园(下方).
The park includes history museums (top left) as well as lakes (top right).
公园包括历史博物馆(左上)和湖泊(右上).
More than three fourths of Mexico’s people live in cities.
墨西哥超过四分之三的人口居住在城市.
Mexico is rich in natural resources such as oil and silver. It exports tons of coffee, sugar cane, and cotton throughout the world each year. The country is also famous for its art and artists. Painting, sculpture, and dance have a long and rich history in Mexico. Land Mexico has many mountain ranges, and some mountains are also volcanoes. The highest mountain is a volcano 5,700 meters (18,701 ft.) high named Pico de Orizaba (PEE- koh day OR-ee-SAH-bah). Mountains run along the west, east, and south. Mexico also has canyons that reach amazing depths. Copper Canyon in northern Mexico is known for being larger than the Grand Canyon. The center of the country is a plateau. The raised, flat land makes it ideal for building roads and towns. Most people live in this area. Do You Know?
墨西哥有丰富的石油和银等自然资源. 它每年在全世界出口一吨咖啡、甘蔗和棉花。 该国也以艺术和艺术家而出名. 绘画,雕塑,和舞蹈在墨西哥有着悠久而丰富的历史. 墨西哥陆地有许多山脉,而一些山脉也是火山. 最高的山是一座5700米(18,701英尺)高取名"皮克-德奥里扎巴"(PEE-koh day OR-ee-SAH-bah)的火山. 山脉沿西部,东部和南部相接. 墨西哥也有峡谷达到惊人的深度. 墨西哥北部的铜峡以比大峡谷还大而出名. 中部为高原. 高地平地使得建设道路和城镇的理想. 大部分人生活在这个地区. 你知道吗?
Mexico is famous for its large paintings called murals.
墨西哥以大型绘画"壁画"而出名.
One of its most famous muralists was Diego Rivera.
它最出名的乡村列表之一是迭戈·里维拉.
In this famous mural, he shows the Zapotec and the Mixtec, two American Indian groups of ancient Mexico, at work making jewelry from gold and precious stones such as jade and turquoise.
在这幅有名的壁画中,他展示了由古代墨西哥的两个美国印第安人团体"扎波特克人"和"米克斯特克人"(Mixtec),在工作上用金子和宝石来做首饰,如"玉"和"绿宝石"等.
The mural, along with many others, is in the National Palace in Mexico City.
该壁画与许多其他壁画一同出道于墨西哥城的国家宫.
Two peninsulas, the Baja and the Yucatán, jut into the ocean. The Yucatán Peninsula is made of limestone that has dissolved away over thousands of years in some places. The result is spectacular caves, including underground caves filled with water called cenotes (sih-NOH-teez). The Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts stretch across northern Mexico. The Sonoran Desert has more types of plants than any desert in North America. Warm, wet rainforests cover parts of southeastern Mexico. These forests are home to many different types of plants and animals. Mexico’s coastal lowlands contain lagoons, marshes, and swamps. Past the eastern coast lies the Caribbean Sea. Mexico does not have many lakes and rivers, but one is very well known because it forms the border between Mexico and the United States. Mexicans call this river the Rio Bravo del Norte, which means “wild river of the north.” People of the United States call it the Rio Grande. History The earliest people in Mexico were American Indians. One of the most well known is the Mayan people. The Maya built great cities, temples, and pyramids without the help of the wheel or animals. They also created beautiful works of art, studied the stars and planets, and developed a calendar. In the early 1300s, the Aztec people arrived in central Mexico. They built their capital city on an island in a lake. The Aztec were also known as the Mexica, and from that name comes the name Mexico. The site of the Aztec capital city, Tenochtitlán (tay-nohch-teet- LAHN), would become Mexico City. The Aztec built a huge empire. In 1519, the Spanish explorer Hernán Cortés arrived in the Aztec capital. Within two years, he and his followers had taken over the land and conquered the Aztec people. Visitors to Mexico can see El Castillo (kahs-TEE-yoh), a pyramid built by the Mayan people long ago.
两个半岛,巴哈和尤卡坦, Jut入海. 尤卡坦半岛由石灰岩所形成,在一些地方已经溶解了上千年. 结果形成了壮观的洞穴,包括被水所填充的地底洞穴,称为"地注"(sih-NOH-teez). 索诺兰和奇瓦万沙漠横跨了墨西哥北部. 索诺兰沙漠的植物种类比北美任何沙漠都多. 温暖,湿雨林覆盖了墨西哥东南部部分地区. 这些森林是许多不同类型的动植物的家园. 墨西哥沿海低地有泻湖,沼泽和沼泽. 东海岸附近是加勒比海。 墨西哥没有多处湖泊和河流,但其中一处非常出名,因为它构成了墨西哥和美国的边界. 墨西哥人称这条河为"北大河"(Rio Bravo del Norte),意为"北方的乌有河流". 美国人民称之为"里约格兰德". 历史 墨西哥最早的人是美国印第安人. 其中最有名的是玛雅人. 玛雅人在没有轮子或动物帮助下建造了大城市,寺庙和金字塔. 他们还创作了美丽的艺术作品,研究了恒星和行星,并制定了"历法". 1300年代初,阿兹特克人到达了墨西哥中部. 他们把首都建在一个湖中的岛上. 阿兹特克人也被称为"墨西加人"(Mexica),从这个名字来取名"墨西哥". 阿兹特克省会城市特诺克蒂特兰(tay-nohch-teet-LAHN)的所在地将变为墨西哥城. 阿兹特克人建立了一个巨大的帝国. 1519年,西班牙探险家埃尔南·科尔特斯抵达阿兹特克首都. 在两年之内,他和他的追随者已经占领了这片地并征服了阿兹特克人. 墨西哥的游客可以看到埃尔·卡斯蒂略(英语:kahs-TEE-yoh),这是玛雅人很久以前所建造的一座金字塔.
In 1521, Mexico became a Spanish colony. It remained a colony until 1821, when the people fought and won a war to be free from Spanish rule. In the century that followed, many people were poor farmers who struggled to survive. Wealthy Europeans owned 95 percent of the land. Farmers and workers had few rights and received no education. During the Mexican Revolution (1910–1920), the people rose up and changed the government. Mexico became a democracy, which helped to improve daily life for the poor. Today, Mexico is still a land of extremes. There are two main social classes, the rich and the poor, with a very small middle class. Animals Many different types of animals live in Mexico. The jaguar plays an important role in the stories, songs, and prayers of Mexico’s ancient Indian people. It lives mainly in the rainforests of Mexico. The largest of all the cat species in North America, it can measure about 2 meters (6 ft.) in length. It has black spots and a roar that sounds like a loud cough. Unlike many other cats, the jaguar likes to swim, play, and hunt in water. Its main source of food is the peccary, a small, wild member of the pig family. Sadly, the jaguar is in danger of extinction; however, many people are trying to save them. Pancho Villa (left) and Emiliano Zapata (right), were the leaders of the Mexican Revolution.
1521年,墨西哥成为西班牙殖民地. 它一直是一个殖民地,直到1821年人民为摆脱西班牙统治而战斗并赢得了一场战争. 在随后的一个世纪中,许多人是穷苦挣扎生存的贫苦农民. 富有的欧洲人拥有95%的土地。 农民和工人几乎没有权利,也没有接受教育。 墨西哥革命期间(1910–1920年),人民起立并更换了政府. 墨西哥成为一个民主国家,有助于改善穷人的日常生活。 今天,墨西哥仍然是一片极端之地。 主要有两个社会阶层,即富人和穷人,中间阶级很小. 墨西哥有多种不同类型的动物。 墨西哥古代印度人的故事、歌曲和祈祷中, 它主要生活在墨西哥的雨林中. 在北美所有猫科物种中,它能测量出长度约2米(6英尺). 它有黑斑和咆哮 听起来像是一阵叫声 与其他多只猫不同,美洲虎喜欢在水中游泳,玩耍和打猎. 其主要食物来源于猪笼草,是猪族中一个小而野生的成员. 可悲的是,美洲虎濒临灭绝;然而,许多人正在试图拯救他们。 潘乔·维拉(左)和艾米利亚诺·萨帕塔(右)是墨西哥革命的领导人.
Although the jaguar is active during the day, it hunts mainly at night.
虽然美洲虎在白天很活跃,但它主要在夜间打猎.
The sacred bird of the ancient Maya and the Aztec, the quetzal (keht-SAHL) lives in the rainforests of Mexico. Like many types of birds, the male is brightly colored, and the female is plainer in appearance. The male’s head and chest are bright golden green. Its back is blue, its belly is red, and its tail feathers can be more than 1 meter (3 ft.) long. In the mountains of Mexico lives the red- knee tarantula. This large, hairy spider is named for the reddish-orange patches on its leg joints. The legs of this large spider span 15 cm (6 in.). It grows very slowly, and the female spider can live to be thirty years old. Conclusion Mexico is a country of diversity. It has modern cities and ancient ruins. Deep canyons lie within high mountains. Dry deserts and wet rainforests cover the land. Its long history and natural beauty fascinate people around the globe. If you were to visit Mexico, what would you want to see first?
古代玛雅人和阿兹特克人所生的神圣鸟类克孜勒(keht-SAHL)生活在墨西哥的雨林中. 和许多种类的鸟类一样,雄鸟有明亮的颜色,而雌鸟外观更平坦. 雄性头部和胸部为明亮的金绿色. 背部为蓝色,腹部为红色,尾羽可长达1米多(3英尺). 在墨西哥山区活出红膝蛛. 这只大而有毛的蜘蛛因其腿关节上的红-橙补丁而得名. 这只大蜘蛛的腿长15厘米(6英寸). 其生长非常缓慢,雌性蜘蛛可以活到30岁. 墨西哥是一个多样性国家。 它拥有现代城市和古代废墟. 深峡入高山内. 干燥的沙漠和湿雨林覆盖了这片土地. 它的悠久历史和自然美感令全球各地的人们着迷. 如果你访问墨西哥, 你想先看什么?
The bright colors of the male quetzal help it attract a mate.
雄性格格的明亮颜色有助于吸引伴侣.
The ends of the red-knee tarantula’s legs can detect vibrations, smells, and tastes.
红膝蛛的腿部末端能检测出振动,气味和口味.
Mexico’s Copper Canyon is a popular tourist site, although it is difficult to reach.
墨西哥的铜峡是一个受欢迎的旅游地,虽然很难到达.
A train takes visitors through the area.
火车会让游客穿过这个区域.
Glossary basin (n.)
词汇流域(n.)
a depression, or low area, in the surface of the earth (p. 5) canyons (n.)
a 地表低洼或低地(p. 5) 峡谷 (n.
deep valleys with steep sides that are usually formed by rivers (p. 8) cenotes (n.)
深谷有陡峭的侧面,通常由河流所形成(第8页) 克诺特 (n.
deep natural wells created when surface limestone collapses and exposes groundwater underneath (p. 9) colony (n.)
当地表石灰岩倒塌并暴露出地下(第9页)聚居地(n.
an area or a country that is ruled by or belongs to another country (p. 11) lagoons (n.)
(第11页)
shallow, calm bodies of water between a reef and the shoreline or in the center of an atoll (p. 9) mestizos (n.)
珊瑚礁与海岸线之间或环礁中心(p. 9) mestizos (n.
people of Spanish and American Indian ancestry (p. 6) peninsula (n.)
西班牙人和美国印第安人祖先(第6页)
a long piece of land almost completely surrounded by water (p. 4) plateau (n.)
一长块地被水(第4页)几乎完全包围高原(n.
a large raised area of flat land (p. 8) rainforests (n.)
平地面积较大(第8页) 雨林(n.
dense forests, usually in tropical areas, that receive a lot of rain and contain diverse animal and plant life (p. 9) Population: 120,286,655 Land: 1,964,375 sq km (758,450 sq.
密林,通常分布于热带地区,会得到大量降雨并包含多种动植物生命(p. 9) 人口:120,286,655人 地:1,964,375平方公里(758,450平方公里).
mi.)
(中文(简体) ).