Adventure
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Road Trip!
内容列表 道路行走!
4 In Class.
4级。
5 Getting Ready to Leave.
5 准备离开。
9 On the Road.
页:1 上行道场.
10 One Landform to Go!
10"一地"变"去"!.
19 Glossary.
19 词汇表。
20 Road Trip!
20路特快车!
I live in Boston, and I just found out that I’m going on a road trip!
我住在波士顿, 我只是发现我要去旅行!
My parents and I will spend part of the summer driving on Interstate 90 all the way to Seattle.
我和我爸妈暑假会开车去西雅图90号州际公路
My mom told me that we’re going to see some amazing landforms along the way—mountains, plains, rivers, lakes, and lots more.
包括山地、平地、河流、湖泊等。
My class is learning about our planet and the forces that create different landforms.
我的班级正在学习我们的星球 以及创造不同地貌的力量
It’ll be so great to see some landforms in real life.
在现实生活中,
One more week of school, and we’ll be off!
再上一个星期的课,
In Class My teacher, Mr.
我的老师,先生
Lopez, explained that Earth is like a hard-boiled egg.
洛佩兹 解释地球就像个被煮熟的鸡蛋
Earth’s core, like the yolk, is in the middle.
地心与蛋黄一样处于中间.
The outer core is liquid, and the inner core is solid metal.
外核为液体,内核为固体金属.
Both parts are incredibly hot.
两部分都非常热.
Earth’s mantle, which is like the white of the egg, is made up of weak rock.
地幔与卵白色相仿,由弱岩所组成.
It moves very slowly because it is very hot—almost hot enough to melt, but not quite.
它移动非常缓慢,因为它非常热——几乎足够热来融化,但并不完全.
Earth’s crust is like the cracked shell of the hard-boiled egg.
地壳就像硬油蛋的裂壳。
Thicker parts of the crust are usually huge landmasses called continents.
地壳的突起部分通常是被称作"大陆"的巨大地块.
Most of the thinner parts make up the seafloor under oceans and seas.
大部分较薄的部分组成了海洋下海底.
Both parts of the crust contain different landforms.
地壳的两部分都含有不同的地形.
Mr.
先生,请问...
Lopez also explained that Earth’s surface is always changing.
洛佩兹还解释说地表总是在变化.
He said that some changes take place so slowly and peacefully that we might not even notice them, while others happen really fast, often with violent force.
他说,有些变化是缓慢而和平地发生的,以至于我们甚至可能没有注意到这些变化,而另一些变化发生得非常快,常常是用暴力。
Both types can change existing landforms and create new ones.
这两种类型都可以改变现有的地貌并创造出新的地貌.
Inside Earth The movement of the many separate pieces of Earth’s crust is one of the forces that create landforms.
地球内部 地壳中许多相分离的地块的运动是产生地貌的力之一.
We also learned that Earth’s crust is made up of huge pieces of rock called tectonic plates.
我们还了解到地壳由巨大的地块组成,称为构造板块。
The plates float like rafts on top of the mantle, and when the mantle moves, it carries the plates with it.
地幔上方的板子像木筏一样浮出水面,地幔移动后会随地携带板子.
Two plates can bump up against each other, slide past each other, or move away from each other.
两个板块可以相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相撞相相相撞相撞相相相相相相相相相撞相相相相相相撞相相相相相相相相相相相相撞相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相相
These different movements are the most important underground forces that create landforms.
这些不同的运动是产生地貌形态的最重要地下力量.
Sometimes small areas high in the mantle get hot enough to melt and become magma.
有时地幔中高的小地段会发热到可以融化并成为岩浆.
This melted rock can push up and erupt at the surface as lava.
这种被熔化的岩石可以推起并像熔岩一样在地表喷发.
As lava cools and hardens, it can build up and form a volcano, which is a type of mountain.
随着熔岩的冷却和硬化,它可以积聚并形成火山,而火山是山地的一种.
As tectonic plates and magma change Earth under the ground, other things are happening on the surface.
随着地表构造板块和岩浆改变地下地表,其他事物也在地表上发生.
Weathering breaks down rock and shapes it.
天气分崩离析并塑造出岩石.
Erosion carries away the pieces that have broken off, called sediments, and later deposits them.
侵蚀带走了已经断裂的碎片,称为沉积物,后被沉积.
Wind, water, and ice are the main tools of weathering and erosion.
风能,水能,和冰能成为风能和侵蚀的主要工具.
Mr.
先生,请问...
Lopez handed out a list of different landforms.
洛佩兹发布了不同地貌的列表.
I’m going to take the list on my trip and try to see them all!
我要把名单拿来,
How Coastal Volcanoes Form volcano ocean plate land plate heat from the ocean plate moving under the land plate causes magma to form ocean plate moves under land plate heat causes mantle to move Erosion from water and wind carved the Grand Canyon.
沿海火山是如何形成的 由从陆地板块下移动的海洋板块所形成的火山海洋板块会引发岩浆以形成陆地板块下移动的地热会引发地幔从水中移动侵蚀并被风刻出"大峡谷".
Weathering formed this rock arch.
天气形成了这个石拱.
Getting Ready to Leave Mr.
准备离开先生
Lopez’s list includes some landforms here in Boston, so I started with those.
洛佩兹的列表包括波士顿的一些地貌, 所以我从这些开始。
Mom and I went to Castle Island, which is in Boston Harbor.
妈妈和我去了城堡岛 在波士顿港
It’s not really an island since it’s not surrounded by water on all sides.
因为它并非四面环水,
It’s connected to the mainland on one side, which makes it a peninsula.
它与大陆相连,
But you can see a bunch of islands from there.
但从那里可以看到一堆岛屿
Boston Harbor is part of Massachusetts Bay, an area of water connected to the Atlantic Ocean.
波士顿港是马萨诸塞湾的一部分,是连接大西洋的水区.
Boston is on the east coast of the North American continent, an incredibly huge piece of land.
波士顿位于北美大陆的东海岸 一块巨大的地
On the Road Boston’s terrain is rolling—going gently up and down.
在波士顿路上,地形正在缓慢地上下行走。
The hills and valleys grow larger as we head west on Interstate 90, and we seem to be climbing higher.
在90号州际公路向西行驶时,山地和山谷变大,我们似乎攀升得更高.
Dad says we’ll soon be in a part of the Appalachian Mountains called the Berkshires.
爸爸说我们很快会进入阿巴拉契亚山脉,
I’ve read about the Appalachian Mountains, but as we keep driving, I don’t see any tall mountains.
我读过阿巴拉契亚山脉,
Dad explains that because the Appalachian Mountains are very old, erosion has worn them down to big hills.
爸爸解释说,由于阿巴拉契亚山脉非常古老,侵蚀已磨损到地上到大丘陵.
The Berkshires look more like big hills than what I think of as mountains.
比起我想象的山,伯克郡人看起来更像大山.
My mom and I saw these islands in Boston Harbor.
我和我妈在波士顿港见过这些岛屿
Across New York State, the land is low and hilly in some places and higher in other places.
在整个纽约州,地势低地,有些地方地势丘陵,而其他地方地势较高.
Dad says the higher places are part of a huge, high area of land called the Allegheny (al-uh- GAY-nee) Plateau (pla-TOH).
爸爸说,高地是大片高地的一部分,被称为"Allegheny"(al-uh-GAY-nee)高地(pla-TOH).
The high land built up over time from sediments deposited as a result of erosion.
由于侵蚀而沉积的沉积物逐渐形成的高地。
After stopping overnight in Buffalo, New York, we continue west.
在纽约水牛城停了一夜之后,我们继续往西走.
The land is much lower and flatter as we drive along the south shore of Lake Erie, which is one of the Great Lakes.
当我们沿着伊利湖的南岸行驶时,这片地势要低得多,而且很受宠若惊,伊利湖是大湖之一.
A glacier carved the basins for the Great Lakes about fourteen thousand years ago.
大约在一万四千年前,大湖流域被冰川所雕刻.
They’re Earth’s largest group of freshwater lakes.
他们是地球上最大的淡水湖群。
Mom says we’ll see another one of the Great Lakes—Lake Michigan—when we get near Chicago.
妈妈说,当我们靠近芝加哥时,我们将看到另一个大湖——密歇根湖。
Lake Erie is much too wide to see across to the other side.
伊利湖太宽了 无法看到另一边
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
The largest plateau in North America is the Colorado Plateau, which is in parts of Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico.
北美最大的高原是科罗拉多高原,位于科罗拉多州,犹他州,亚利桑那州和新墨西哥州等地的部分地区.
After driving for a while, we stop to see the Wisconsin Dells.
开车一段时间后,我们停下来看威斯康星德尔一家.
The Dells is a gorge—a steep, narrow valley—that was carved by the Wisconsin River.
戴尔河是一个峡谷——一个陡峭而狭窄的山谷——由威斯康辛河所雕刻.
Along its sides are canyons, which are similar to gorges but not as steep or narrow.
沿边有峡谷,峡谷与峡谷相类似,但不像陡峭或狭窄.
Now it won’t be long until we see the Mississippi River, which is one of the longest rivers in the world.
密西西比河是世界上最长的河流之一。
This part of the Mississippi was mainly carved by glaciers.
密西西比河的这一部分主要是由冰川所雕刻.
We stay overnight in Chicago and then get back on the road.
我们在芝加哥过夜 然后回到路上
After entering Wisconsin, we drive past the capital city of Madison.
进入威斯康辛后,我们开车经过首都麦迪逊.
Downtown Madison sits on an isthmus (IS-muhs), a narrow strip of land between two bodies of water.
下城麦迪逊坐落在地峡上(IS-muhs),是两具水体之间的狭长地带.
I grin and check it off my list.
我笑着检查一下我的名单
Wisconsin Dells Mississippi River R river R gorge R isthmus Lake Mendota Lake Monona Downtown Madison isthmus Wisconsin’s state capitol building is on Madison’s isthmus.
威斯康辛·德尔斯·密西西比河 R河 R峡谷 R地峡 门多塔湖 威斯康辛州立顶楼位于麦迪逊地峡上。
We stop overnight in western Minnesota and drive into South Dakota the next morning.
我们在明尼苏达州西部停了一夜 第二天早上开车去南达科他州
It’s pretty flat until we get near Badlands National Park.
直到我们靠近巴德地国家公园,
We hike in the park and see some amazing rock formations.
我们在公园走去 看到一些惊人的岩层。
After an overnight stay, we drive through a corner of Wyoming and pass the Bighorn Mountains on our left.
过了一夜 我们开车穿过怀俄明州的一角 穿过了左边的大角山
Some of the mountains have snow, but Mom says even bigger mountains are still to come.
有的山有雪,但妈妈说更大的山还有来.
Badlands National Park’s rock formations were created by deposited sediments along with wind and water erosion.
坏地国家公园的岩层由沉积的沉积物与风和水侵蚀相伴而生.
The park has many fossils such as this skull (inset) of a mammal that lived 38 to 16 million years ago.
公园拥有许多化石,例如这个在3800至1600万年前就已经活了下来的哺乳动物的头骨(被套入).
After we cross the Mississippi, we’re in Minnesota.
穿过密西西比河后,
Soon we’ll officially be in the Great Plains.
很快,
I learned in school that a plain is a large, flat area without many trees.
我在学校里得知平地是一个没有多棵树的大平地.
The Great Plains formed when two tectonic plates smashed into each other and joined together.
大平原形成时,两块构造板块相撞相撞并会合.
Some parts of the Great Plains are flat, and others are hillier.
大平原部分地区地势平坦,有的更是丘陵.
The sweeping grasslands of the Great Plains were once home to huge herds of bison and horses.
大平原的草地 曾经是野牛和马群的家园
After driving across Montana, Idaho, and Washington, I’m excited to see water again.
我开车过蒙大拿州、爱达荷州和华盛顿后,
But I’m more excited to see Mount Rainier (ray-NEER), a huge volcano.
我更兴奋的是,
Dad says that Mount Rainier grew so tall because hardened lava and ash piled up in layers over a long period of time.
爸爸说兰尼埃山长得这么高,因为硬化了的熔岩和灰烬在很长一段时间内被分层堆积.
We drive into Seattle, which is next to Puget Sound, an “arm,” or inlet of the Pacific Ocean.
我们开车去西雅图,那里是Puget Sound, 一个“武器”,或者太平洋入口。
We’ve reached the end of Interstate 90, and our search for landforms is nearly over.
我们已经到了90号州际公路的尽头,
Mount Rainier is topped with glaciers, large fields of ice and packed snow that remain all year long.
兰尼埃山被冰川所淹没,大片的冰地和堆积的雪地,这些雪地一直持续着一年.
R volcano R glacier After we cross into Montana and pass Billings, Dad says, “Get ready to be impressed!”
R型火山 R型冰川 我们穿过蒙大拿州,
Not too long after, I let out a whoop as I see a row of high, snowy peaks—the Rocky Mountains.
不久之后,我一看到一行高而多雪的山峰——洛基山脉,就大喊大叫。
The Rockies are one of the main mountain ranges in the West.
落基山脉是西部主要山脉之一.
They formed when two small tectonic plates beneath the Pacific Ocean slid under the North American Plate.
它们形成于太平洋下的两个小构造板块在北美板块下滑动时.
Snow caps the peaks of a Rocky Mountain range in Montana.
雪盖了蒙大拿州洛基山山脉的山峰.
One Landform to Go!
一块地去!
For our final stop, we travel one hour north to the Skagit (SKA-jit) River delta.
前往斯卡吉特河三角洲。
This landform was created when sediments built up where the river flows into Skagit Bay.
这种地貌是在沉积物积聚后形成的,河道流向斯卡吉特湾.
I’ve seen some amazing landforms on this trip, and I’ve learned so much about how Earth’s surface changes.
这趟旅程我看到了一些惊人的地貌, 我学到了很多地球表面的变化。
I can’t wait to tell Mr.
我迫不及待想告诉Mr.
Lopez about my summer vacation!
洛佩兹关于我的暑假!
Glossary basins (n.)
词汇流域(n.)
depressions, or low areas, in Earth’s surface (p.
地表低地(p.
12) delta (n.)
12) 三角洲 (n.
an area of land shaped like a triangle formed by sediment at the mouth of a river (p.
由河口沉积物形成的三角形地块(p.
19) deposits (v.)
19) 存款(五.
sets down an amount of a substance, such as sediment, on a surface or area (p.
在地表或区域(p.)上设定出一定数量的沉积物等物质.
8) erosion (n.)
8)侵蚀 (n.
the natural removal of rock or soil by water, wind, or ice (p.
通过水、风或冰来自然去除岩石或土壤(p.
8) gorge (n.)
8)峡谷 (n.
a long, deep valley surrounded by higher land (p.
一个被高地所包围的长而深的山谷(p.
14) interstate (n.)
14) 州际 (n.
a main highway that runs through two or more states (p.
一条贯穿两个或两个以上州的干线高速公路(p.
4) isthmus (n.)
4)地峡 (n.
a narrow strip of land connecting two larger landmasses (p.
连接两个较大地块的狭长地带(p.
13) landforms (n.)
13)地貌 (n.
natural formations on Earth’s surface, such as valleys, plateaus, mountains, plains, or hills (p.
地表的自然形成,如山谷,高原,山地,平原,或丘陵(p.
4) peninsula (n.)
4) 半岛 (n.
a long piece of land almost completely surrounded by water (p.
一长块地几乎完全被水所包围(p.
9) plateau (n.)
9)高原 (n.
a large raised area of flat land (p.
面积很大的平地(第2页)。
11) tectonic plates the large sheets of rock that make (n.)
11) 构造板块所形成的大片岩石(n.
up Earth’s crust (p.
在地壳上方(p.
7) terrain (n.)
7) 地形 (n.
the natural features of a piece of land; ground (p.
一块地的自然特征; 地 (p.
10) Skagit River Skagit Bay Over time, sediments built up and caused the river to split into many smaller branches in the area between the dotted lines.
10)斯克吉特河斯克吉特湾 随着时间的推移,沉积物逐渐积聚并导致河道被分出多条被点线所分出的小分支.