of Happiness
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Growth and Happiness.
4,增长与幸福.
5 Four Pillars of Happiness.
5"幸福"四大支柱.
7 Measuring Happiness.
7,衡量幸福.
10 A World of Happy People.
10 一个快乐人的世界。
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 Introduction What is happiness?
导言 什么是快乐?
Happiness can mean many different things to different people.
幸福对不同的人来说可以意味着许多不同的东西.
The people of Bhutan (boo-TAHN) think of happiness as being content or satisfied.
不丹人民(boo-TAHN)认为幸福是满足或满足的.
The leaders of Bhutan believe this, too.
不丹领导人也相信这一点。
They think happiness is more important than money.
他们认为幸福比金钱更重要.
That is why the Bhutanese government asks its citizens how happy they are every few years.
因此不丹政府询问其公民,
The government uses this information to improve life for people in the country nicknamed “The Kingdom of Happiness.”
政府利用这一信息改善被取名为“幸福王国”的国家人民的生活。 “
Four Fast Facts About Bhutan 1.
关于不丹的四起快事 1. 联合国
Bhutan is in the Himalaya Mountains.
不丹地处喜马拉雅山脉.
people also speak English.
人们也会说英语。
and arrows.
和箭头。
Today, archery is the national sport.
今天,射箭是国家运动。
are elected.
当选。
Growth and Happiness Every few years, Bhutan gives citizens a survey about their happiness.
增长和幸福 每隔几年,不丹就公民的幸福状况进行调查。
Bhutan’s first happiness survey took place in 2007.
不丹的第一次幸福调查发生在2007年.
However, the idea of tracking happiness came about long before that.
然而,追踪幸福的想法 早在那时就出现了。
In 1972, a new king was crowned in Bhutan.
1972年,不丹新国王被加冕.
King Wangchuck was just sixteen years old.
王克王年仅十六岁.
The young king loved his country and wanted to help it grow while remaining true to its values.
年轻的国王热爱他的国家,并想帮助它成长,同时忠实于它的价值观.
King Wangchuck knew that other countries tracked growth using GDP, or Gross Domestic Product.
旺楚克国王知道其他国家利用国内生产总值或国内生产总值跟踪增长。
GDP measures the value of all the goods and services produced in a country.
国内生产总值衡量一国生产的所有货物和服务的价值。
Bhutan’s landscape ranges from low plains in the south to the towering Himalaya Mountains in the north.
不丹地貌从南部低平地到北部高耸的喜马拉雅山脉.
However, the king did not believe that using GDP was right for his country.
然而,国王并不认为使用GDP对他的国家是正确的.
Buying and selling were not a driving force in Bhutan.
买卖并不是不丹的推动力。
The country has many farms and villages but few factories and cities.
该国有许多农场和村庄,但工厂和城市很少。
Bhutan is also mostly a Buddhist nation.
不丹也是一个佛教国家。
Buddhists believe that happiness is an important step in leading a good life.
佛教认为幸福是过上美好生活的重要一步.
For them, being happy is not just about money.
对他们来说,快乐不仅仅是金钱。
To achieve happiness, they believe a person must examine and improve many areas of his or her life.
为了实现幸福,他们认为一个人必须检查和改善自己生活的许多领域.
King Wangchuck wanted all of Bhutan to focus on those things.
旺楚克国王希望不丹全国关注这些事情.
He created a plan called Gross National Happiness (GNH) to guide Bhutan’s growth.
他创立了一个名为Gross National Happiness(GNH)的计划来指导不丹的增长.
The Tiger’s Nest Monastery clings to a cliff thousands of feet above the Paro Valley in Bhutan.
虎巢修道院紧贴着不丹帕罗河谷上数千英尺高的悬崖.
Four Pillars of Happiness Gross National Happiness, or GNH, was based on four ideas, or “pillars.”
幸福总和(GNH)的四大支柱是基于四个想法,即“支柱”。 “
The first pillar was about how people were ruled.
第一个支柱是关于人民是如何统治的。
The second pillar looked at how people worked and played together.
第二支柱审视了人们如何一起工作,一起演奏.
The third pillar was about preserving Bhutanese culture, while the final pillar looked at people’s role in the environment.
第三个支柱是保护不丹文化,而最后一个支柱是研究人民在环境中的作用。
These four areas affect everyone’s lives and sense of well-being.
这四个领域影响到每个人的生活和幸福感。
Bhutan’s leaders believed these four pillars must be in balance for their people to achieve happiness in life.
不丹领导人认为这四个支柱必须保持平衡,让人民在生活中实现幸福。
The king and his ministers considered all four pillars when making important decisions.
国王及其大臣们在做出重要决定时,考虑了所有四个支柱.
Gross National Happiness The measurement for Gross National Happiness is based on Bhutanese values: 1.
国民幸福总值 衡量国民幸福总值的依据是不丹的价值观: 1. 联合国
Good governing 2.
良好治理办法 2. 联合国
Wise handling of money and growth of society 3.
明智地处理金钱和社会的增长 3 (中文(简体) ).
Strong support for the Bhutanese way of life 4.
大力支持不丹生活方式 4.
Care of the natural world At first, the four pillars were only simple suggestions for the Bhutanese people’s happiness.
关爱自然世界 起初,这四大支柱只是对不丹人民幸福的简单建议.
Nothing was measured, no data captured.
没有测量,也没有采集到数据。
Signs posted around the country cheerfully reminded citizens to “help us develop our GNH country.”
全国各地张贴的信号令人愉快地提醒公民“帮助我们发展我们的GNH国家。 “
Citizens tried their best to do so.
公民们尽了最大努力这样做。
People led simple lives and seemed content for the most part.
人们过着简单的生活,而且似乎大多满足于生活。
Citizens dressed in traditional clothing.
公民穿着传统服装。
They sat quietly and meditated for a few moments each day.
他们每天静静地坐着冥想片刻.
They cared for and enjoyed nature.
他们关心和享受大自然。
Families spent time together.
家人一起度过时光。
Bhutan continued as a quiet country, protected from the modern world.
不丹继续是一个安静的国家,不受现代世界的保护。
Then things began to change.
然后事情开始改变。
Giant prayer wheels can be found all over Bhutan, from bus stops to monasteries.
从公交车站到寺院,
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
There are no stoplights in Bhutan.
不丹没有停车灯。
One was put up in the capital city of Thimphu, but it was removed.
其一被立于通武府,后被取出.
Citizens felt that a stoplight was just too modern.
市民觉得停电太现代了
Instead, a traffic officer directs cars through the city’s downtown.
而交通官则通过市区指挥汽车。
Morning meditation is part of the GNH school curriculum.
晨冥是GNH学校课程的一部分.
In 1999, Bhutan decided to let television and the Internet into the country for the first time.
1999年,不丹决定首次让电视和互联网进入该国.
Bhutan’s citizens began to learn more about the world beyond its borders.
不丹公民开始更多地了解境外的世界。
Outsiders were attracted to the country’s untouched beauty and peaceful lifestyle.
外来人士被该国未受侵犯的美丽及和平生活方式所吸引.
Many came to visit.
许多人前来参观。
Bhutan now had one foot in the past and the other in the modern world.
不丹现在在过去有一脚,在现代世界有一脚。
Bhutanese children watched television and played video games.
不丹儿童观看了电视并播放了电子游戏。
Citizens began using cell phones.
市民开始使用手机.
The country’s leaders worried that the old traditions and values would be lost.
国家领导人担心旧的传统和价值观会丢失。
If that happened, the original sense of what brought the Bhutanese people happiness might also be lost.
如果发生这种情况,给不丹人民带来幸福的最初感觉也可能丧失了。
Measuring Happiness Bhutan’s government decided it needed a way to keep track of and improve happiness.
不丹政府决定,
It wanted something more exact than just the four pillars.
它想要比四根柱子更精确的东西
A measurement system would help the government keep track of happiness and deal with changes.
衡量制度将有助于政府跟踪幸福和应对变化。
The Bhutanese Ministry of Planning went to work.
不丹计划部开始工作。
First, they created nine areas, or “domains,” that were based on the four pillars.
首先,它们创造了以四大支柱为基础的9个领域,即“领域”。
The domains were then broken down into dozens of categories.
然后将域细分为数十个类别。
When considered together, the domains and categories give a complete picture of happiness called the Gross National Happiness (GNH) Index.
在一并考虑时,域和类别给出了幸福的全貌,称为"国民幸福总值(GNH)指数".
A group of young monks gather around a cell phone at a monastery in Paro, Bhutan.
一群年轻的僧侣聚集在不丹帕罗一所修道院的手机周围.
Next, the government created questions about GNH areas.
接下来,政府提出了有关GNH地区的问题.
People were asked questions such as “How much do you enjoy life?”
人们被问到“你有多享受生活? “
The questions were put together in a survey for the Bhutanese people.
对不丹人民的一项调查将这些问题综合起来。
Each type of answer had a number.
每一种答案都有数字。
These numbers were added up to get a score for each person.
这些数字被加起来以获得每个人的分数.
Source: GNH Centre Bhutan The Nine Domains of GNH Gross National Happiness Environment Living Standards Well-Being Health Time Use Education Cultural Resilience (toughness) Good Governance Community Vitality In 2007, the government tested the survey in some areas.
资料来源:不丹GNH中心。 GNH的"九大领域" GNH Gross National Happiness Environment Environment 生活标准 健康时间 健康时间 利用教育文化复原力(困难) 善政社区 2007年,政府在一些地区对调查进行了测试.
In 2010, the survey was ready to be given across all twenty of Bhutan’s districts.
2010年,调查准备在不丹所有20个县进行。
Survey teams traveled to mountain villages, valley farms, and cities.
调查组出行到山地村庄,山谷农场和城市.
That year, more than seven thousand citizens out of over seven hundred thousand provided information about their lives.
当年,70多万公民中有7 000多人提供了生活信息。
This information was analyzed using the GNH Index.
使用GNH指数对这些信息进行了分析.
The higher the number, the greater the happiness level.
数字越高,幸福程度越高.
The survey found that women, farmers, and people who were uneducated or elderly were the least happy.
调查发现,妇女、农民和未受教育者或老年人最不高兴。
The government began to improve health care and daily life.
政府开始改善医疗保健和日常生活.
Then another survey was done in 2015.
随后在2015年又进行了一次调查.
Bhutan compared the results of the two surveys and learned that its citizens’ overall happiness grew by 1.
不丹比较了两次调查的结果,了解到其公民的总体幸福增加了一分.