Cheerleading
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Inspiring Spirit.
(原始内容存档于2019-10-21). Cable of Inspiriting Spirit.
4 The History of Cheerleading.
4"啦啦队历史".
6 From the Sidelines to Center Stage.
6 从边线到中心阶段。
10 Joining the Squad.
10号加入小队
13 The Future of Cheerleading.
13 啦啦队长的未来。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Inspiring Spirit Fifty thousand people sit together in an arena to watch their favorite basketball team.
16,励志精神 五万人坐在竞技场观看自己最喜爱的篮球队.
The score is tied.
分分相还.
Only minutes remain in the game.
比赛只剩下几分钟了
As the ball soars through the air, a group of people encourage the players from the sidelines.
随着球从空中飞出,一群人从外围鼓励球员.
At the same time, they perform synchronized movements.
同时,它们进行同步运动.
Their uniforms match the uniforms of the team playing on the court.
他们的制服与球队在球场上玩的制服相匹配.
They inspire fans to stand up and join them in supporting the players.
他们激励球迷起立,并和他们一起支持球员.
As the ball completes its arc, suspense builds.
随着球的弧度完成,悬念正在建立.
The ball swooshes through the hoop!
球从地上飞来!
The people clapping, yelling, and jumping on the sidelines are cheerleaders.
人们鼓掌,大叫,跳出场边都是啦啦队队员.
University of Cincinnati cheerleaders and fans show support for a player shooting a basket.
辛辛那提大学的啦啦队队员和球迷对一名玩家射篮球表示支持.
Cheerleaders help unite large crowds at sporting events by performing simple motions while chanting short phrases.
啦啦队长通过做简单的动作,
If fans can clearly see the motions from the stands, they can easily copy them.
如果球迷能够清晰地从看台上看到运动,他们可以轻松地复制.
While jumping and clapping to celebrate a big play may come naturally to many fans, cheerleaders can help make them cheer louder.
虽然跳跃并鼓掌来庆祝一出大型剧本可能会自然地降临到许多粉丝面前,但啦啦队长可以帮助他们让欢呼声更响.
As players try to execute important plays, cheerleaders work to raise the energy of the crowd.
在玩家试图执行重要剧目时,啦啦队成员努力提高人群的能量.
In turn, the energy inspires players.
反过来,能量激励了玩家.
School-age to professional athletes participate in the sport of cheerleading.
学龄专业运动员参加啦啦队运动.
Some cheerleaders are members of squads that cheer for sports teams, such as American football or basketball teams.
一些啦啦队是为体育队欢呼的分队成员,例如美国足球或篮球队.
Other cheerleaders perform cheer routines in front of judges, as well as their own fans, at competitions.
其他啦啦队长在比赛中在评委面前以及自己的球迷面前表演欢呼常规.
High school cheerleaders support their team during a game in Florida.
高中啦啦队长在佛罗里达州一场比赛中支持他们的团队.
The History of Cheerleading Fans have been cheering on their favorite athletes for as long as people have been playing sports.
"啦啦队迷"的历史 一直为他们最喜爱的运动员欢呼 一直以来人们都在运动
However, it wasn’t until the 1880s that cheering began in an organized way.
但直到1880年代,
Football fans at one of the oldest universities in the United States—Princeton University in New Jersey—started it all.
美国最古老的大学之一新泽西州普林斯顿大学的足球爱好者开始所有比赛。
The words they chanted in unison to support their team became known as the “Princeton Cheer.”
他们一致高呼支持团队的口号,
One Princeton graduate brought the concept of football-game cheers to the University of Minnesota, where cheers became very popular.
一名普林斯顿毕业生将足球比赛的欢呼理念带到了明尼苏达大学,那里的欢呼声变得非常受欢迎.
In 1898, a University of Minnesota student named Johnny Campbell led the crowd at a home game.
1898年,明尼苏达大学的一个学生叫约翰尼·坎贝尔(Johnny Campbell),带领人群参加了一场主打比赛.
His shouts of “Rah, rah, rah!
他喊叫说:啊呀呀呀呀呀!
Get together, hoo-rah!
聚起来,呼啦!
Hoo-rah!
万岁!
Varsity!
宽度!
Varsity!
宽度!
Varsity, Minn-e-so-ta!”
瓦西蒂,明-克-索-塔!”
gained him the title of the first-ever “cheer leader.”
他获得了第一个“欢呼领袖”的称号。 “
Soon after, six male students formed an official squad.
不久后,有6名男学生组成了正式分队.
The cheers spread to fans of other teams.
欢呼声传播到其他球队的球迷.
Schools across the country formed their own cheerleading squads.
全国各地的学校组成了自己的啦啦队.
At first, only men were permitted to join the cheer squads, which were often called “yell squads.”
起初,只有男子获准加入拉拉队,而拉拉队通常被称为“黄蜂队”。 “
Cheerleaders would scream chants to the fans, who then repeated them.
啦啦队长会向歌迷喊出高呼声,然后他们重复.
In the 1920s, women in the United States gained many important rights, including the right to vote.
1920年代,美国妇女获得了许多重要权利,包括选举权.
In 1923, women were allowed to join cheerleading teams.
1923年,妇女获准加入啦啦队.
In 1925, Marion Draper, one of the first female cheerleaders, led fans in cheering at Tulane University in Louisiana.
1925年,最早的女啦啦队长之一的马里昂·德雷珀(Marion Draper)带领球迷在路易斯安那的图兰大学进行欢呼.
Columbia University cheerleaders pose with their mascot in New York in 1924.
哥伦比亚大学啦啦队队长于1924年在纽约用他们的吉祥物来作姿势.
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
Lawrence R.
劳伦斯·R.
Herkimer, a leader in cheerleading education, invented the herkie in 1948.
Herkimer是拉拉教育的领导者,1948年发明了herkie.
To do this classic move, cheerleaders thrust one leg parallel to the ground and bend the other knee backward toward the ground.
为了完成这个经典的动作,啦啦队队员将一条腿与地平行地推向地上并让另一条膝盖向后弯曲.
During the 1930s, cheerleaders began to use pom-poms—sticks with lengths of colorful paper attached to one end.
在20世纪30年代,啦啦队开始使用长有多彩相接一端的花花相接的花花相接棒.
Cheerleaders waved them to attract the attention of the crowd.
啦啦队队员挥手引众.
In the 1940s, when many men were fighting overseas in World War II, cheerleading transitioned from “yell squads” to mostly women doing organized routines with clapping and dancing.
20世纪40年代,许多男子在二战中出战海外,啦啦队从"大黄队"向大多数女性过渡,进行有鼓掌和跳舞的有组织例行活动.
In time, women came to dominate cheerleading.
随着时间的推移,妇女开始主导啦啦队。
In the 1940s, cheerleaders wore matching uniforms—long poodle skirts, a sweater with a block letter that stood for their school name, and black-and-white saddle shoes.
在20世纪40年代,啦啦队长们穿着相配的制服-长长的面条裙,一件毛衣上印有学生名字的块状字母,以及黑白相间的鞍鞋.
A cheerleader performs a herkie.
啦啦队队长表演的就是海克.
By the 1960s, cheerleading squads were a familiar sight at schools and colleges across the United States.
至20世纪60年代,啦啦队在美国各地的学校和高校都成了人们所熟悉的场景.
In the 1970s and 1980s, cheerleaders began adding more complex stunts and dances to their routines.
在20世纪70年代和80年代,啦啦队开始将更复杂的特技和舞蹈加入到他们的常规中来.
They also began setting them to music.
他们也开始把它们设定为音乐.
Soon, cheerleading teams were competing against each other in official competitions.
不久后,啦啦队在正式比赛中相互竞争.
During the 1980s and 1990s, cheerleading expanded internationally.
1980年代和1990年代,拉拉队在国际上得到扩展.
In countries such as Norway, Germany, Japan, and Chile, cheerleaders began entertaining fans and supporting teams.
在挪威,德国,日本和智利等国家,啦啦队开始娱乐球迷并支援球队.
Today, the International Cheer Union (ICU) has more than 3.
今天,国际欢乐联盟(ICU)有3个以上.
5 million athletes who work to foster the growth of cheerleading worldwide.
500万运动员致力于促进全球啦啦队成长.
The ICU plans championship events and promotes cheerleading education.
伊斯兰法院联盟计划举办冠军赛事并推广啦啦队教育。
Many cheerleading squads formed during the 1990s in Germany.
1990年代在德国组建了多支啦啦队.
From the Sidelines to Center Stage Although cheerleading may have started as a way to rouse fans during American football games, it has become a sport in its own right.
从边线到中心阶段 虽然啦啦队的起步可能是在美国足球赛事中激起球迷的一种方式,但它本身就成为了运动.
Today, the United States All Star Federation (USASF) oversees many cheerleading and dance competitions across the country.
今天,美国全明星联合会(USASF)监督全国许多啦啦队和舞蹈比赛.
All-star cheerleading continues to grow in popularity around the world.
全明星啦啦队在全球的受欢迎程度不断提高.
In 2004, the USASF began hosting the annual Cheerleading and Dance World Championship, also known as “Worlds.”
2004年,USASF开始主办一年一度的啦啦队和舞蹈世界锦标赛,也被称为"世界". “
Around eleven thousand cheerleaders on top teams from more than forty countries competed at the 2018 Worlds.
来自40多个国家的顶级球队约有一万一千名啦啦队队员在2018年世界赛上出战.
To qualify, cheerleading teams must first win national competitions.
要获得资格,啦啦队必须先赢得全国比赛.
High school cheerleaders perform a pyramid in the Japan Cup in 2008.
高中啦啦队在2008年日本杯上表演了金字塔.
All-star cheerleaders perform two-and- a-half-minute routines that include acrobatics, tumbling, dancing, gymnastics, and stunts.
全明星啦啦队长进行两分半钟的例行表演,包括杂技,打倒,跳舞,体操,和特技等.
Judges score routines on difficulty, creativity, technique, and number of advanced moves.
法官们对困难、创造力、技巧和先进动作次数进行例行评分。
Cheerleading squads perform many aspects in unison.
啦啦队会统一进行很多方面的工作.
Judges take off points if cheerleaders fall out of sync.
如果啦啦队队长不同步 法官就会扣分
One common cheerleading stunt is the basket toss.
一个常见的啦啦队特技就是投篮.
Two athletes at the bottom, called bases, lock arms.
底部有两名运动员,称为"基地","锁上手臂".
They lift up and toss another squad member, called the flyer.
他们举起起并扔下另一名队员,叫"传单".
The flyer does a toe-touch, herkie, or other move.
传单会用脚趾触摸 或其他动作
The bases make a cradle to catch the flyer on the way down.
基地在下行途中为接取传单而作摇篮.
Spotters stand in front of or behind the bases.
观察者站在基地的前面或后面。
If something goes wrong, they help catch the flyer.
如果出事了,他们会帮助捕捉传单。
A youth all-star team practices a basket toss.
一个青年全明星团队练习一篮子掷出.
A high school cheerleading squad performs a pyramid.
高中啦啦队表演金字塔.
STUNT A new part of cheerleading is STUNT.
石头 啦啦队的新角色是STUNT.
In this sport, two teams play against each other by performing the same routines at the same time.
在这项运动中,两支球队通过同时进行相同的常规赛来进行对战.
Over the course of four quarters—including partner stunts, pyramids and tosses, jumps and tumbling, and team routine— athletes execute challenging technical moves for judges and fans.
在四个季度中——包括伙伴特技、金字塔和掷球、跳跃和倒地以及团队常规——运动员为法官和球迷执行具有挑战性的技术动作。
Pyramids are another important aspect of cheerleading.
金字塔是拉拉队的另一个重要方面.
A pyramid is a series of connected stunts that ends with cheerleaders on the ground supporting other cheerleaders above them.
一个金字塔是一系列相接的特技,以地上拉拉队员支持他们上方的其他拉拉队员而结束.
Cheerleaders are constantly working to learn and perfect challenging moves.
啦啦队长们不断努力学习和完善有挑战性的动作.
Joining the Squad Many schools have cheerleading squads, but other squads are formed just to take part in competitions.
许多学校都设有啦啦队,但组建了其他分队只是为了参加比赛.
Youth leagues and recreation centers often have opportunities for young people to join squads.
青年联赛和娱乐中心往往让年轻人有机会加入分队.
Children sometimes start cheering as young as age three.
儿童有时开始欢呼,年仅三岁。
Cheerleaders should have certain qualities to be successful.
啦啦队长应该有一定素质才能成功.
They must be skilled athletes.
他们必须是熟练的运动员。
They often have to lift each other, so strong muscles are important.
它们常常需要相互抬起,因此强壮的肌肉很重要.
Many cheerleaders have a background in dance as well.
许多啦啦队长也有舞蹈背景.
Loud voices help the crowd hear them clearly.
大声的声音帮助人群清晰地听到.
A good memory helps them remember difficult choreography.
良好的记忆 帮助他们记住困难的舞蹈。
Smiling and showing confidence are important parts of cheerleading.
微笑和显示信心是啦啦队的重要部分。
For crowd-leading cheerleaders, it is important to understand the rules of the sport for which they are cheering.
对于众筹啦啦队长来说,重要的是要了解他们为之欢呼的体育规则。
Cheerleaders must also have good timing.
啦啦队长也必须有好时机
They need to respond right away to action on the field.
他们需要立即对实地行动作出反应。
Cheerleaders have different cheers depending on what is happening in the game.
啦啦队的欢呼声不同 取决于比赛中发生的情况
When their team is defending the ball, they rally the crowd to inspire confidence in players.
当他们的球队正在捍卫球时,他们召集了人群来激发对球员的信心.
During a time-out, cheerleaders entertain fans.
在暂停期间,啦啦队长会招待球迷.
After their team scores, cheerleaders lead short cheers in celebration.
在他们的球队得分后,啦啦队队长带领短时间的欢呼来庆祝.
They often perform a longer routine set to music in the middle of a game.
他们经常在游戏中为音乐表演更长时间的常规设定.
Athletes often need to try out for high school, college, all-star, and professional-level cheerleading squads.
运动员经常需要为高中,大学,全明星,以及专业级别的啦啦队试训.
The coach or squad captain will want to see their skills in action to decide if they will be a good fit for the team.
教练或中队队长会想看他们的行动技巧,以决定他们是否适合球队.
Executing challenging cheerleading routines takes training and practice, along with flexibility and strength.
执行具有挑战性的啦啦队长程序需要训练和实践以及灵活性和实力。
Precision, timing, and focus are all important for cheerleaders to master.
准确性、时间和焦点对啦啦队长都很重要。
The Future of Cheerleading Cheerleaders are disciplined and skilled athletes as well as creative performers.
啦啦队长的未来是纪律严明、有技能的运动员以及创造性的表演者。
They entertain fans and impress judges with dazzling displays of acrobatics, dance, and gymnastics.
他们以炫耀地展示杂技,舞蹈和体操来取悦球迷并打动评委.
As more and more athletes decide to train in the sport, cheerleading continues to expand around the world.
随着越来越多的运动员决定接受体育训练,拉拉队在世界各地继续扩大.
In 2013, the international organization responsible for determining official sports named cheer as a sport.
2013年,负责确定官方体育的国际组织将"欢呼"命名为"体育".
In 2016, the International Olympic Committee recognized the International Cheerleading Union.
2016年被国际奥林匹克委员会表彰为"国际啦啦队联盟".
This is the groundwork needed for cheer to become a part of the Olympic Games.
这是欢呼成为奥林匹克运动会一部分所需的基础。
What’s next for the sport of cheer?
接下来的欢呼运动是什么?
School-age cheerleaders perform during the kick-off ceremony for a competition to design the mascot for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
学龄啦啦队在2020年东京奥运会吉祥物设计比赛的踢出仪式上表演.
Glossary athletes (n.)
词汇学运动员(n.
people trained in sports, games, or other activities that require strength, speed, and skill (p.
在体育、游戏或其他需要力量、速度和技能的活动方面接受培训的人(p.
5) chanting (v.)
5)高呼(五.
singing or saying something in a repeated, rhythmic way (p.
以反复而有节奏的方式(p.
5) choreography (n.)
5) 编舞 (n.
(n.)
(无)
(adj.)
(中文(简体) ).