Brazil

美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习

Table of Contents Where Is It?

内容表在哪里?

............................ 4 People................................. 6 Land.................................. 8 History............................... 10 Celebrations........................... 11 Animals.............................. 12 Conclusion............................ 14 Glossary.............................. 16 Where Is It?

.............. 4 人 人 况 6 地. 8 历史沿革. 10 庆祝活动 11 动物。 12 结论。 14 词汇表。 16号在哪里?

To the east of Brazil is the Atlantic Ocean. The country’s coastline is more than 7,400 kilometers (4,600 mi.) long. The capital of Brazil is Brasília (bruh-ZIL- yuh), which is located near the middle of the country. However, Brasília wasn’t always the capital. The larger city of Rio de Janeiro (REE- oh DAY zhuh-NAIR-oh), located on the east coast of the country, was the capital until 1960. The government decided to build a new capital city farther inland. Although it is still new, Brasília is growing quickly. More than two million people live and work there. Many people work for the government, since the city is Brazil’s political center. People More than 200 million people live in Brazil, and eight out of every ten people live in cities. The country has several large cities, including São Paulo (SOW POW-low), the largest city in South America. Many people in Brazil work in service industries, such as construction, banking, education, and healthcare. Large hotels and restaurants line many of the country’s beaches, providing work for people living along the coast. Other Brazilians work in factories, making cars, airplanes, and steel. Many of these factories are located around São Paulo. In the countryside, people work in mining and farming. Brazil is a leading producer of minerals such as iron ore, tin, and even gold. Brazil’s farmers grow much of the world’s coffee on huge plantations. They also grow oranges, cassava, and soybeans. Some farmers raise hogs and chickens, and ranchers raise cattle. Brasília is filled with many modern buildings.

巴西以东是大西洋. 全国海岸线长7400多公里(4600米. 巴西的首都是巴西利亚(Bruh-ZIL-yuh),位于巴西中部附近. 但巴西利亚并不总是首都。 里约热内卢较大的城市(REE-oh DAY zhuh-Nair-oh)位于该国东海岸,直到1960年一直是首都. 政府决定在内地更远地建设一座新的首都城市. 虽然它仍然是新的,但巴西利亚正在迅速增长. 200多万人在那里生活和工作。 由于该市是巴西的政治中心, 巴西人口超过2亿,每10人中有8人生活在城市. 该国有多个大城市,包括圣保罗(SOW POW-low),是南美洲最大的城市. 巴西许多人在建筑业、银行业、教育和保健业等服务业工作。 大型旅馆和餐厅接连着该国许多海滩,为沿海居民提供工作。 其他巴西人在工厂工作,制造汽车,飞机和钢铁. 其中许多工厂都位于圣保罗周围. 在农村,人们从事采矿和耕作。 巴西是铁矿石,锡等矿产的主要生产国,甚至还有黄金. 巴西农民在庞大的种植园种植世界大部分咖啡。 也长出橙子,木薯,和大豆. 有的农民饲养猪和鸡,有的牧民饲养牛. 巴西利亚充满了众多现代建筑.

Brazil grows the most popular type of coffee, called Arabica.

巴西种植最受欢迎的一类咖啡,被称作"阿拉伯语".

Brazilians come from many different backgrounds. Some are descended from the native people who first lived there. Many others are descended from people who came to Brazil from far-away countries such as Portugal, Spain, Germany, and other places in Europe. In fact, Brazil was a colony of Portugal for three hundred years, and the main language in Brazil is Portuguese (POR- chuh-geez). Many other people are descended from slaves brought to the country from Africa to work on plantations and in mines. Land Many rivers flow through Brazil, making the soil rich and good for growing crops. However, one river clearly stands out. The Amazon River is one of the widest and longest rivers in the world, flowing for at least 6,400 kilometers (4,000 mi.) through northern Brazil. Its waters feed the vast Amazon basin, which covers nearly half of Brazil and about 7 million square kilometers (3 million sq. mi.). The largest tropical rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest, is also located here. Brazil is so large that it includes five main regions. The landforms in each region are so different that they are like separate countries. The north and southeast regions include highlands. In the north, the Guiana Highlands consist of steep mountains and deep valleys. In the southeast, hills and low mountain plateaus make up the Brazilian Highlands. Futebol Many Brazilians enjoy watching and playing soccer, which they call futebol (FOOT-bohl).

巴西人来自许多不同的背景. 一些人是当地原住民的后裔。 还有许多人来自远道而来的巴西,如葡萄牙、西班牙、德国和欧洲其他地方。 事实上,巴西是葡萄牙的殖民地有三百年了,巴西的主要语言是葡萄牙语(POR-chuh-geez). 许多其他人是从非洲带到该国的奴隶被送到种植园和矿场工作的。 土地 许多河流流经巴西,使土壤富饶并有利于种植农作物. 然而,一条河流明显突出。 亚马逊河是世界上最宽和最长的河流之一,流经巴西北部至少6400公里(4,000米. 其水域为广阔的亚马逊流域提供食物,流域覆盖了巴西近一半和约700万平方公里(300万平方公里. 世界上最大的热带雨林亚马逊雨林也位于此地. 巴西幅员辽阔,包括五个主要地区。 各地区地貌相去甚远,相去相去相去甚远. 北部和东南部地区包括高地. 在北部,圭亚那高地由陡峭的山地和深谷地组成. 在东南部,丘陵和低山高地构成巴西高地. 许多巴西人喜欢观看并踢足球,他们称之为foutebol (FOOT-bohl).

Brazil has won the World Cup, the world’s largest soccer tournament, more than any other country.

巴西赢得了世界杯,这是世界上最大的足球锦标赛,比任何其他国家都多。

The country’s most famous soccer player—Pelé—is known around the world.

国内最出名的足球运动员-Pel-é—is出名于全球.

Pelé led his team to victory in the World Cup in 1958, 1962, and in 1970.

佩莱带领球队在1958年,1962年和1970年的世界杯上取得胜利.

The Amazon River carries more water than any other river on Earth.

亚马逊河携带的水比地球上任何其他河流都多.

Celebrations Many holidays in Brazil are religious in nature. Most Brazilians belong to the Catholic faith, a religion that was brought to Brazil by the Portuguese. However, because Brazilians come from many different backgrounds, religious customs of other groups—such as American Indian and African—are also followed. Carnaval is the largest and most popular holiday in Brazil. It is a four-day celebration leading up to Lent, which is the forty-day period in which Catholics prepare for Easter. During Carnaval, people crowd into Brazil’s streets for parades and dancing. Many people wear elaborate costumes with masks and headdresses. Animals Brazil is home to the widest variety of life on Earth. The Amazon rainforest provides a home to more animals —and plants—than any other environment in the world. Colorful birds such as the toucan (TOO-kan) live there, as well as jaguars and ocelots (OS-uh-lotz). Slow-moving sloths hang from trees, and giant anacondas slither along the forest floor. Many different types of monkeys swing from the trees. In the Amazon River, meat-eating fish called piranhas (pi-RAH-nuhz) hunt in groups of one hundred or more. Large manatees swim through the water. Rio de Janeiro has the largest Carnaval celebration in Brazil.

巴西的许多节日都是宗教性质的。 大多数巴西人属于天主教信仰,葡萄牙人将这一宗教带到了巴西. 然而,由于巴西人来自许多不同的背景,因此也遵循了其他群体的宗教习俗,如美洲印第安人和非洲人。 卡纳瓦尔是巴西最大和最受欢迎的节日. 这是一场为期四天的庆祝活动,直到伦特,这是天主教徒为复活节做准备的四十天时期. 在卡纳瓦尔,人们挤入巴西的街道游行和跳舞。 许多人穿着有口罩和头饰的精心服装. 巴西的动物是地球上种类最广泛的生物。 亚马逊雨林为动物和植物提供了比世界上任何其他环境都多的家园. 有色鸟类如"土豆"(TOO-kan)就住在那里,还有"地瓜"和"地瓜"(OS-uh-lotz)等. 从树上起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起来来起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起 许多不同类型的猴子从树上摇摆. 在亚马逊河中,吃肉的鱼被叫作"食人鱼"(pi-RAH-nuhz)以100个或100个以上的组群捕食. 大马纳特人从水中游过. 里约热内卢有巴西最大的Carnaval庆祝活动.

It is held in a special building called the Sambadrome.

它在一个叫"Sambadrome"的特别建筑中举行.

Other parts of Brazil, such as the Pantanal wetlands, also include unique animals. Storks and herons build nests in the Pantanal’s trees. Colorful parrots, such as the blue and yellow macaw, fly overhead. Deer and jaguar roam the land. Giant anteaters also live in the Pantanal. Sadly, some animals in the Amazon rainforest and the Pantanal could disappear from Earth forever. Every year, trees are cut down for timber and to clear land for farming. As a result, animals like the jaguar and the golden lion tamarin, a type of monkey, are losing their habitat. Many organizations are working together with the Brazilian government to keep this from happening. Conclusion Brazil is a country filled with life. The Amazon rainforest teems with more living things than anywhere else on Earth. The people in the cities and countryside have vibrant celebrations unlike any other. From its land to its animals and people, the vast country of Brazil has many things to learn about and explore. The large city of Rio de Janeiro is also known for its many beautiful beaches.

巴西其他地区,如潘塔纳尔湿地也包含有独特的动物. 在潘塔纳尔的树上筑巢。 有色鹦鹉,如青黄相间的金刚鹦鹉等,会飞起上下. 鹿和美洲虎在陆地上漫游 巨蚁也活于潘塔纳尔. 不幸的是,亚马逊雨林和潘塔纳尔的一些动物可能永远从地球上消失. 每年为木材砍伐树木并清理土地进行耕作。 因此,象美洲虎等动物和金狮塔马林等一类猴子正在失去栖息地. 许多组织正与巴西政府合作,防止发生这种情况。 巴西是一个充满生命的国家。 亚马逊雨林的生物数量 比地球上任何地方都多 城市和农村的人民比其他任何城市和农村都举行充满活力的庆祝活动。 从国土到动物和人民,广阔的巴西国家有许多东西要学习和探索. 里约热内卢的大城市也以众多美丽的海滩而出名.

Glossary cassava (n.)

术语:木薯(n.)

a plant with thick roots that grows in the tropics and is used in cooking (p. 6) Catholic (adj.)

有厚根的植物,生长于热带地区并被用在烹饪上(p. 6) 天主教(adj.

of or having to do with the Roman Catholic Church, a branch of Christianity (p. 11) dictators (n.)

(第11页)

leaders who rule with total power, usually by force (p. 10) highlands (n.)

统治全能的领袖,通常通过武力(第10页)高地(n.

areas with many mountains; land that is high above sea level (p. 8) Pantanal (n.)

有多个山脉;海平面高地(p. 8) 潘塔纳尔 (n.

wetlands in south central Brazil that extend into Paraguay and Bolivia (p. 9) plantations (n.)

巴西中南部向巴拉圭和玻利维亚延伸的湿地(第9页)

large farms with many workers (p. 6) plateaus (n.)

拥有许多工人的大型农场(第6页)

large raised areas of flat land (p. 8) sugarcane (n.)

大片平地(p. 8) 甘蔗 (n.

a tropical grass that sugar comes from (p. 10) tributaries (n.)

a. 有糖出自(第10页)支流的热带草本植物(n.

rivers or streams that flow into larger rivers (p. 9) Population: 202,656,788 Land: 8,458,417 sq km (3,265,813 sq.

流入较大河流的河流或溪流(p. 9) 人口:202,656,788人 地:8,458,417平方公里(3,265,813平方公里).

mi.)

(中文(简体) ).