Screen Time?
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Contents Time’s Up!
时间到了!
4 Screen Time: Good or Bad?
4 屏幕时间:好还是坏?
5 Screens and Health.
5 屏幕与健康。
8 Screens and Social Life.
8 银幕与社会生活.
10 Screens and Learning.
10 荧屏与学习.
12 How Much Is Too Much?
12 多少钱是太多?
14 Glossary.
14 词汇表。
16 Time’s Up!
16时间到了!
A girl wearing a black helmet and a purple backpack runs across a grassy field.
穿黑色头盔和紫色背包的女孩会跑过草地.
She scoops up an ax from the ground.
她从地上挖出一斧子
Then she chops down a tree and begins building a tower.
然后她砍倒一棵树,开始建造一座塔.
Someone is coming up behind her, so the girl ducks behind a wall to hide.
有人在她身后 女孩躲在墙后躲起来
She has a chance of winning, but only if she doesn’t get caught.
她有机会获胜,
A voice floats up from downstairs.
有声音从楼下飘出
“Dinner is in five minutes!”
“五分钟后吃晚餐!”
Oh no!
哦,不,不,不,不,不,不,不
Quitting the game now would be a disaster—there’s no time for dinner!
现在放弃比赛将是一场灾难,
But Dad insists.
但是爸爸坚持
Screen time is over.
屏幕时间结束了。
Winning will have to wait until tomorrow.
胜会得等明日.
Many people enjoy video games.
许多人喜欢电子游戏.
Are they spending too much time trying to beat the game?
难道他们花太多时间 试图击败游戏?
Screen Time: Good or Bad?
屏幕时间:好还是坏?
Video games and social media apps are incredibly popular.
电子游戏和社交媒体应用非常受欢迎。
Everyone at school might be playing the same games and swiping through the same photos.
学校的每个人都可能玩同样的游戏 并擦过相同的相片。
They’re all watching the same videos, TV shows, and movies, too.
他们都在看同样的视频、电视节目和电影。
Then they text, chat, and post about them.
然后,他们发短信,聊天,张贴他们。
Tablets are one of the most popular devices eight-to-twelve-year-olds use to watch TV and play games.
平板电脑是八至十二岁人们用来观看电视和游戏的最受欢迎的装置之一.
All of these activities use screens—flat electronic panels that display images and information.
所有这些活动都使用显示图像和信息的屏幕-平面电子面板。
The world is full of screens.
出世出众相相.
They are on TVs, computers, smartphones, and tablets.
在电视、电脑、智能手机和平板电脑上。
Screens are at school, at home, and just about everywhere in between.
学校、家、家都放着屏幕,
The time people spend every day looking at screens is known as “screen time.”
人们每天看屏幕的时间被称为“屏幕时间”。 “
Some families have strict rules about how much time children can spend with screens.
有些家庭对孩子们可以花多少时间用屏幕有严格的规定.
Others may have fewer rules.
另一些国家的规则可能较少。
Why do any of these rules exist?
这些规则为何存在?
Are adults just trying to ruin the fun, or are there good reasons to limit screen time?
成年人是想破坏乐趣 还是有很好的理由限制屏幕时间?
Many people have smartphones or tablets with them at all times.
许多人随时带着智能手机或平板电脑.
Screen Time Statistics A 2017 survey of families across the United States found that 98 percent of homes with children under the age of eight have smartphones or tablets.
屏幕时间统计 2017年全美家庭调查发现,98%有8岁以下儿童的家庭有智能手机或平板电脑.
Children under the age of eight spend just over two hours per day using screens, including TVs, computers, and tablets.
8岁以下儿童每天使用屏幕,包括电视、计算机和平板电脑,时间刚过两小时。
Those between the ages of eight and eighteen spend more than seven hours per day using screens.
年龄在8至18岁之间的人每天使用屏幕的时间超过7小时。
People have been asking questions about screens for many years.
人们多年来一直在问关于屏幕的问题。
Some of the first scientific studies of the effects of television appeared in the late 1940s.
对电视效果的一些首批科学研究出现于1940年代末.
Scientists continue researching the effects of screen time on health, relationships, and brain development.
科学家继续研究屏幕时间对健康、关系和大脑发展的影响。
However, technology develops quickly.
然而,技术的发展很快。
Many devices, apps, and games are fairly new.
许多设备,应用程序和游戏都是相当新的.
This makes it challenging for researchers to collect good results.
这给研究人员收集良好结果带来了挑战。
Hours 2 hours Children under the age of eight Children between the ages of eight and eighteen 7 hours Screens and Health A boy stays up late playing video games.
8至18岁的儿童8至18岁7小时的屏幕和健康
The next morning, he wakes up late and almost misses the bus.
第二天早上,他醒来很晚,差点错过了巴士.
Mom makes a new rule: no screens before bed.
妈妈做了一个新的规则:睡觉前没有屏幕.
She wants her kids to get enough sleep.
她希望她的孩子 得到足够的睡眠。
Many people watch TV or look at social media before bed.
许多人在睡觉前看电视或看社交媒体.
They believe it will help them relax and fall asleep more easily.
他们相信这会帮助他们放松 更容易入睡
However, most researchers recommend turning off electronic devices an hour or two before bedtime.
然而,大多数研究者建议在睡觉前一两个小时关闭电子设备.
The light from phones, tablets, and other screens tricks the brain into thinking it is daytime.
手机、平板电脑和其他屏幕的光线 使大脑误以为是白天。
This makes it harder to fall asleep at night.
这使得晚上更难入睡.
Looking at screens before bedtime causes people to get less sleep and to wake up more often during the night.
在睡觉前看屏幕会让人少睡一觉,更经常地在晚上醒来.
Lack of sleep can cause changes in mood, make it difficult for students to pay attention in school, and lead to other health problems.
睡眠不足会导致情绪的改变,使学生难以在学校中关注,并导致其他健康问题.
People often do not realize how much time has passed while they play games or look at social media.
人们往往不知道在玩游戏或看社交媒体时,已经过去了多少时间。
Obesity is a health problem that has been linked to both lack of sleep and screen time.
肥胖是一个健康问题,它与睡眠和屏幕时间的不足有关。
When people spend a lot of time watching TV or playing video games, they are likely spending a lot of time sitting still.
当人们花了很多时间看电视或玩电子游戏时,他们很可能花了很多时间静坐.
Spending more time with screens may mean that people are spending less time being active and getting exercise.
花更多的时间用屏幕,可能意味着人们花更少的时间去积极锻炼.
Sometimes, watching TV and playing games cause people to forget to pay attention to the signals their bodies are sending.
有时,看电视和玩游戏会使人们忘记注意自己身体发出的信号.
People may eat snacks while watching TV and not realize when they are full.
人们可能一边看电视一边吃点心,一边不觉自己饱了.
This can lead to overeating and becoming overweight.
这会导致食用过度并变得超重.
Doctors say that students in elementary school should get between nine and twelve hours of sleep each night.
医生说,小学的学生每晚应该有9到12个小时的睡眠.
Some researchers recommend reading before bed to help the mind and body prepare for sleep.
一些研究者建议睡觉前阅读来帮助心灵和身体准备入睡.
Sleep Signals Screens and Social Life A family eats dinner together.
睡眠信号屏幕和社会生活 一个家庭一起吃晚饭
Mom is answering emails on her phone, and the children are watching a movie.
妈妈在接电话 孩子们在看电影
Dad makes a new rule: no screens at the dinner table.
爸爸做了个新规则: 晚餐桌上没有屏幕.
He wants the family to actually talk to one another.
他希望家人能互相交谈
In many ways, screens are helpful for communication and connecting with other people.
在许多方面,屏幕有助于与其他人沟通和联系。
Social media, communication apps, and video calls allow people to be almost constantly in contact with one another.
社交媒体,通讯应用软件,以及视频通话,使人们可以几乎经常地互相接触.
Screen time can also help people build new relationships.
屏幕时间也可以帮助人们建立新的关系.
By sharing and commenting on videos, images, or music, people can meet others who have similar creative interests.
通过分享和评论视频,图像,或音乐,人们可以遇到具有类似创作兴趣的其他人.
Video games can also be social.
电子游戏也可以是社交游戏.
Often, people who enjoy playing games become friends with others who enjoy games.
常常,喜欢玩游戏的人会同喜欢游戏的其他人成为朋友.
They may then play or watch games together.
然后他们可以一起玩或看游戏。
People often look at screens even when they are with others.
人们经常在和别人在一起的时候看屏幕.
However, some adults are concerned that young people spend too much time staring at screens and not enough time interacting with others in real life.
然而,一些成年人担心年轻人花太多时间盯着屏幕看,而没有足够的时间在现实生活中与其他人互动.
They worry that, as a result, young people cannot properly understand emotions or develop strong relationships.
他们担心,因此,年轻人无法正确理解情绪或建立牢固的关系.
Researchers think that screen time is healthiest when it involves social interaction, whether online or in person.
研究者认为屏幕时间最健康,
When two people watch a video or read an article online together, they can talk and ask each other questions to understand it better.
当两个人一起观看一段视频或在线阅读一篇文章时,他们可以互相交谈并询问对方的问题来更好地理解.
When two people play a video game together, they can work together to beat the game.
当两个人一起玩电子游戏时,他们可以合作击败游戏.
Many people think screen time can be damaging to eyesight.
许多人认为屏幕时间会损害视力.
Rates of myopia, or nearsightedness, have doubled in the United States and Europe over the last fifty years.
在过去50年中,美国和欧洲的近视率翻了一番。
Many researchers think myopia is connected to a lack of sunlight.
许多研究者认为眼球与缺乏阳光有关.
If children spend a lot of time indoors, they may not be getting enough sunlight for their eyes to develop properly.
如果儿童在室内花了很多时间,他们可能得不到足够的阳光来让眼睛正常地发育.
Seeing Screens Screens and Learning A mom watches her children during their screen time.
屏幕屏幕和学习 一个母亲看着她的孩子 在他们的屏幕时间。
They are staring at different screens, and she thinks they look like zombies.
他们盯着不同的屏幕, 她认为他们看起来像僵尸。
She wonders whether all these screens are damaging their brains.
她怀疑这些屏幕是否正在破坏他们的大脑.
She makes a new rule: from now on, all screen time must be educational.
她制定了新的规则:从现在起,所有的屏幕时间都必须是教育性的.
Many kinds of screen time may be good for students.
许多种类的屏幕时间可能对学生有好处.
Some shows and games can help students learn.
一些节目和游戏可以帮助学生学习.
Students may use screen time to develop their creativity and skills in creating videos or editing photos.
学生可能利用屏幕时间来发展创作视频或编辑相片的创造力和技能.
Video games can help people learn to react quickly, make strategic decisions, and solve problems.
电子游戏可以帮助人们学习快速反应,做出战略决策,并解决问题.
Students may even learn skills such as coding computer programs or fixing technical issues.
学生甚至可以学习计算机程序编码或技术问题固定等技能.
When students use social media, watch movies, or do research online, they may come across people who are different from them or ideas they have never thought about before.
当学生使用社交媒体,观看电影,或在网上进行研究时,他们可能会遇到与他们不同的人或他们以前从未想过的想法.
This can help students become more welcoming to new people and more willing to become involved in their communities.
这有助于学生更加欢迎新人,更愿意参与他们的社区。
However, some researchers think that screens change how the brain processes information.
然而,一些研究者认为屏幕会改变大脑处理信息的方式.
Some have linked screen time to lower test scores or shorter attention spans.
有的将屏幕时间链接到较低的测试分数或更短的注意力跨度.
Scientists don’t yet know all the ways screens impact the brain and learning.
科学家还不知道如何筛选大脑和学习。
They say that the best screen time is active and engaging.
他们说,最好的屏幕时间是活跃和接触。
This means using screens to be creative or to play games that involve problem-solving rather than simply watching videos.
这意味着使用屏幕来创造或者玩涉及解决问题的游戏,而不是简单地观看视频.
Many students use tablets and computers in school.
许多学生在学校使用平板电脑.
Some teachers say these devices help students work together.
一些教师说这些装置可以帮助学生一起工作.
How Much Is Too Much?
多少钱是太多?
For many years, scientists recommended that children use screens for only one or two hours each day.
多年来,科学家建议儿童每天只使用一到两个小时的屏幕.
However, many researchers now say that the amount of time spent using screens may not matter as much as what children are doing with screens.
然而,许多研究者现在表示,使用屏幕花费的时间可能与儿童使用屏幕的时间无关.
They argue that active and interactive screen time can be healthy.
他们认为活泼而互动的屏幕时间可以健康.
Screen time becomes a problem when it gets in the way of important things such as health, relationships, and schoolwork.
当屏蔽健康、关系和学校工作等重要事物时,
Some activities that use screens help people spend time together and build relationships.
一些使用屏幕的活动帮助人们共度时光并建立起关系.
In the future, scientists will continue studying the effects of screen time.
今后,科学家会继续研究屏幕时间的影响.
Parents will likely continue to make rules limiting screen time.
父母可能继续制定限制屏幕时间的规则。
Everyone at school will continue to play games and use social media.
学校的每个人都会继续玩游戏并使用社交媒体.
Many people will see screens every day.
很多人每天都会看到屏幕。
Plenty of good things can come from all this screen time, but it’s a good idea for both children and adults to pay attention to how much time in a day they spend looking at a screen.
但儿童与成年人都该注意他们每天看屏幕的时间。
They should be aware of how screen time affects their health, relationships, and learning—and it’s always a good idea to stop in time for dinner.
他们应该意识到屏幕时间如何影响他们的健康、关系和学习,
Many researchers recommend that families make mealtimes or bedtime screen-free to help balance the amount of time spent with screens.
许多研究者建议家庭做餐时或无床时屏来帮助平衡花在屏幕上的时间.
Glossary challenging (adj.)
词汇具有挑战性(adj.)
hard to do or demanding (p.
难做或要求(p.
7) electronic (adj.)
7) 电子(adj.
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