Baseball
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Everybody’s Game.
内容列表 Everybody's Game.
4 The World Loves Baseball.
4"世界爱棒球".
5 Baseball Rules.
5"棒球规则".
7 A Look Back.
7 A 回首回顾.
9 Major League Stadiums.
9个大联盟体育场.
11 Famous Players.
11名著名玩家.
13 A Sport for All Time.
13 A A Sport for All Time. (英语).
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Artist George H.
16 艺术家乔治·H.
Hastings’s work shows spectators watching the Boston baseball club, also called the “Boston Beaneaters,” at play in the 1880s.
黑斯廷斯的作品显示观众观看了波士顿棒球俱乐部,也叫"波士顿豆人"(Boston Beaneters),在1880年代出演.
Everybody’s Game Do you have a bat, a ball, a glove, four bases, and an open field?
每个人的游戏 你有蝙蝠、球、手套、四个基地和空地吗?
Then you can play baseball!
那你就可以打棒球了! 来啊!
People have been playing different versions of baseball for hundreds of years.
数百年来人们一直在玩不同版本的棒球.
In early America, the colonists played games that were similar to the sport we know as baseball today.
在美国早期,殖民者们玩的游戏与我们今天所知的棒球运动类似.
Some of these games were called stool ball, town ball, and rounders.
其中一些比赛被称为"凳子球","镇球"和"圆人".
Although many of the rules for these games were alike, some were different.
虽然这些游戏的许多规则是相同的,但有些则有所不同.
In 1845, a New York group called the Knickerbockers decided to write down new guidelines for baseball.
1845年,一个叫克尼克斯博克人(英语:Knickerbockers)的纽约集团决定为棒球写出新的准则.
They wanted to change some of the rules and establish a formal code for others.
他们想改变一些规则,为其他人制定正式的代码.
Many of these rules became the basis for the game that we play today.
其中许多规则成为了我们今天游戏的基础.
Countries that play baseball Baseball is a major sport in many countries, including Canada, the United States, Argentina, South Korea, Taiwan, and Japan.
玩棒球的国家 棒球是加拿大,美国,阿根廷,韩国,台湾,日本等许多国家的一项重大运动.
Baseball Around the World The World Loves Baseball Today in North America, baseball remains a favorite sport.
棒球环绕世界 世界爱棒球 今天在北美,棒球仍然是最喜爱的运动.
Professional players compete on thirty Major League Baseball (MLB) teams.
职业球员在三十支主力联赛棒球(MLB)球队出赛.
They play in hopes of winning their championship each year—the World Series.
他们希望每年赢得冠军——世界大赛。
Just under the MLB teams are 240 professional minor league teams.
就在MLB球队下方是240个职业小联赛球队.
These leagues give players a chance to develop their athletic skills in hopes of making it to the major leagues.
这些联赛为球员提供了发展运动技能的机会,希望他们能成功升入各大联赛.
Baseball is also popular in the rest of the world.
棒球在其他地区也很受欢迎.
The sport is played in over one hundred countries, and millions of fans enjoy watching it worldwide.
体育在100多个国家进行,全世界数以百万计的球迷都喜欢观看。
Baseball’s Playing Field infield infield pitcher’s mound home plate on-deck circle coach’s box coach’s box on-deck circle outfield center field left field right field center fielder right fielder left fielder third baseman catcher first baseman second baseman shortstop • The distance between bases is 90 feet (27 m).
棒球在野外打球 投球手在地上打球 篮球教练在地上打球 篮球教练在地上打球 篮球教练在地上打球 篮球教练在地上打球 基地之间的距离为90英尺(27米).
plate is 60.
盘是60。
5 feet (18 m).
5英尺(18米)长.
that form a diamond.
它形成钻石。
opposing player out.
对手玩家退出 。
Fielding a ball, whether it’s in the air or zooming along the ground, requires great speed and concentration.
击出一球,无论是在空中,还是在地上放大,都需要高速和集中。
Baseball Rules The baseball playing field is sometimes called a diamond because of its shape.
棒球规则 棒球比赛场有时因其外形而被称作"钻石".
It has a pitcher’s mound, four bases, an infield, and an outfield.
它有一个投手的地丘,四个基地,一个内地,一个外地.
Baseball games are divided into nine innings.
棒球比赛分为九局.
An inning is a basic unit of play that is divided into two halves.
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The first half is called the top of the inning, and the second half is called the bottom.
上半部被叫作入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入出入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入入出出出出出出出出出出出入入入入入入入入入
A baseball game has two teams.
棒球比赛有两支球队.
Each team has nine players.
每队有9名球员.
While one team plays in the field, members of the other team take turns hitting the ball with the bat.
在一队出场时,一队队员会轮流用球棒打入球.
The batting team stays up to bat until the fielding team gets three batters out.
击球队保持出击状态,直到出战队得到出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出出击出击出击出击出击出击出击出出击出击出出击出击出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出击出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出出
If a runner feels like taking a risk, he or she can “steal” a base, or run while the pitcher is busy pitching to a batter.
如果一名跑者想冒险,他或她可以“偷”个地基,或者趁投手忙着投球给击球手时跑去.
In this youth game, a player steals second.
在这场青年游戏中,玩家会盗取第二名.
The visiting team bats first at the top of an inning, and the home team bats at the bottom.
客场球队先打入一局入球,主场球队先打入一局入球.
When a batter hits the ball, he or she runs to first base.
当击球手打入球后,他/她会跑到一垒.
If the ball reaches the outfield, the runner may try to run to second base, third base, and finally to home plate.
如果球到达了外野,跑者可能试图跑到二垒,三垒,最后跑到主板.
The fielding team tries to get the ball and tag the runner or the base for an out before he or she reaches the base.
出场队伍试图取出球并标记跑者或基地出场后再到达基地.
If the runner makes it to home plate, the team scores a run.
如果跑者成功打入了本垒打,球队得分为一跑.
If a ball is hit over the outfield fence or wall and is in fair territory, it is a home run.
如果球被击中过外野围栏或墙,并且位于公平的地盘,那就是全垒打.
The batter then runs around all of the bases until he or she crosses home plate and scores.
击球手随后跑遍了所有基地,直到他(她)越过了主板和分数.
The team that scores the most runs is the winner.
得分最高的球队是胜利者.
Estimates indicate that from the 1880s to the 1950s, hundreds of teams participated in the Negro Leagues.
估计表明从1880年代到1950年代,有上百支球队参加了黑人联赛.
A Look Back Long ago, African Americans were not allowed to play in the major baseball leagues with white players.
回头看 很久以前,非裔美国人不允许与白人球员在大型棒球联赛出场.
African Americans didn’t have a league, but they played on small black teams.
非裔美国人并没有联赛,
Rube Foster wanted to change things.
Rube Foster想改变一切
A former pitcher on a black team, Foster started the Negro National League.
曾是黑人队的投手,福斯特开始了黑人全国联赛.
In the years that followed, more Negro Leagues were established.
在随后的几年里,更多的黑人联盟被建立.
The Negro Leagues included many talented athletes.
黑人联盟包括许多有才华的运动员.
Over time, white major league teams began to ask Negro League players to join their teams.
随着时间的推移,白人主要联赛球队开始要求黑人联盟球员加入他们的球队.
As a result, fans lost interest in the Negro Leagues and they began to fade out.
球迷因此对黑人联赛失去兴趣并开始淡出.
In 1943 in the United States, millions of men went to fight in World War II.
1943年在美国,有上百万人去参加二战.
This included men who were baseball players.
其中包括那些棒球运动员
There would be very little professional baseball played during the war.
战争期间职业棒球的打法很少.
A major league team owner, Philip Wrigley, decided to organize the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL).
主要联赛球队主力菲利普·格里格利决定组织全美女子职业棒球联赛(AAGPBL).
Thousands of people came out to watch these women play.
成千上万的人出来看这些女人玩。
When the war was over, the major league players began to return home.
战争结束后,主要联赛球员开始回国.
The appeal of women baseball players started to die out.
女子棒球运动员的吸引力开始消亡.
The AAGPBL played their last season in 1954.
AAGPBL在1954年上个赛季出场.
Today, young women play in Little League programs.
今天,年轻女性在"小联盟"节目中出道.
They also play on high school and college teams.
他们还在高中和大学队中出场.
Some people think it’s only a matter of time before they are in the major leagues.
有些人认为,
Over six hundred women competed in fifteen women’s teams in the 1940s and 1950s.
在1940年代和1950年代,有600多名妇女参加了15个妇女小组的比赛。
Major League Stadiums For many years in North America, baseball was centered on the East Coast.
主要联盟体育场 在北美的多年以来,棒球一直以东海岸为中心.
From 1913 to 1957, Ebbets Field was the home of the Brooklyn Dodgers.
从1913年到1957年,埃贝茨球场是布鲁克林道奇队的主场.
As the Dodgers became more popular, Ebbets Field could no longer hold all of the fans who wanted to see them play.
随着道奇队越来越受欢迎,艾比特斯球场已经无法留住所有想看他们出场的球迷.
In 1957, the Dodgers decided to move to a bigger stadium in Los Angeles.
1957年道奇队决定搬到洛杉矶一个更大的体育场.
That same year, the New York Giants also left New York for San Francisco.
同年,纽约巨人队也离开纽约去旧金山.
Baseball was expanding across the country, and larger stadiums were being built for the growing numbers of fans.
棒球正在全国扩张,为越来越多的球迷建造了更大的体育场.
Fenway Park in Boston is the oldest major league baseball stadium in the United States.
波士顿的芬威公园是美国最古老的大型联赛棒球场.
Fenway opened in 1912.
1912年芬威开业.
It continues to be the home of the Boston Red Sox to this day.
它至今仍是波士顿红袜队的主场.
Fans fill 37,673 seats at Fenway Park.
粉丝填补了芬威公园37,673个座位.
Retractable roof stadiums help in areas where weather might cause game delays or cancellations.
可折叠的屋顶体育场有助于天气可能导致比赛延误或取消的地区。
The first stadium of this kind was the Sky Dome in Toronto, Canada, built to keep the game going in cold or snowy weather.
这种类型的第一座体育场是加拿大多伦多的"天空穹顶"(Sky Dome)为保持比赛在寒冷或多雪的天气下进行而建造.
Phoenix, Arizona, has air-conditioned Chase Field to help combat desert heat.
亚利桑那州凤凰城有空调Chase Field帮助对抗沙漠热.
Wrigley Field seats 41,072 devoted fans.
Wrigley Field 座椅 41,072位专注的球迷.
Sky Dome open Sky Dome closed Wrigley Field in Chicago is the second-oldest stadium in America.
Sky Dome开通了Sky Dome关闭了芝加哥的Wrigley Field,是美国第二老的体育场.
Wrigley Field was built in 1914 and is home to the Chicago Cubs.
瑞格利球场建于1914年,是芝加哥小熊队的主场.
Many fans believe Wrigley is a baseball treasure with its nine decades of rich history.
许多球迷认为,瑞格利是一个棒球宝藏,有着长达90年的丰富历史.
Wrigley is famous for its ivy-covered walls that gobble up balls hit into the outfield.
Wrigley以其被常春藤所覆盖的墙壁出名,这些墙被挖出球来打入外野.
Babe Ruth Jackie Robinson Famous Players Most people consider Babe Ruth to be the most important baseball player in history.
贝比·鲁斯·杰基·罗宾逊出名球员 大多数人认为贝比·鲁斯是历史上最重要的棒球运动员.
Some people even think he is the best player who ever lived.
有些人甚至认为他是有史以来最好的球员
With the New York Yankees, Babe helped his team capture four World Series titles.
凭借纽约洋基队,贝比帮助球队夺得4个世界大赛冠军.
In twenty-two seasons, he broke every record for home runs.
在二十二个赛季中,他打破了全垒打的每个纪录.
He also set attendance records never seen before in professional baseball.
他还设定了职业棒球史上从未见过的出场记录.
Jackie Robinson was a smart and fearless competitor with remarkable baseball skills.
杰基·罗宾逊是一个聪明而无所畏惧的竞争对手,有着非凡的棒球技巧.
He was also an African American who played in the Negro Leagues.
他也是一名在黑人联盟出场的非裔美国人.
Branch Rickey, the general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, convinced Jackie to be the first player to join an all-white major league baseball team.
布鲁克林道奇队的总经理布兰克·里基(Brancis Rickey)说服了杰基成为第一位加入全白人大联盟棒球队的球员.
On April 15, 1947, Jackie appeared with the Dodgers as the first African American player in the majors.
1947年4月15日,杰基与道奇队一起出道,成为第一位在大赛出道的非裔美国球员.
He became a national hero.
他成为了民族英雄.
Derek Jeter Roberto Clemente Roberto Clemente was another baseball great.
德里克·杰特·罗伯托·克莱门特·罗伯托·克莱门特是另一个伟大的棒球运动员.
Born and raised in Puerto Rico, Roberto played for the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1955 to 1972.
生于波多黎各并长大,1955至1972年罗伯托为匹兹堡海盗队出场.
His famous home run in Game 7 of the 1971 World Series won the championship for the Pirates.
他在1971年世界大赛游戏7中出名的全垒打为海盗队赢得了冠军.
Sadly, Roberto died in a plane crash on his way to help earthquake victims in Nicaragua.
不幸地,罗伯托在帮助尼加拉瓜地震灾民的途中坠机身亡.
Derek Jeter, a former Yankee shortstop, is a modern baseball hero.
德里克·杰特(德語:Derek Jeter,1940年-)是一名前洋基快手,是一名现代棒球英雄.
Derek was a leader in scoring hits and runs in the American League and was a five-time World Series champion.
德里克是美国联赛中得分得分和跑步的领跑者,并曾获得过5届世界大赛冠军.
When he retired from the game in October 2014, he said, “The thing that means the most to me is being remembered as a Yankee.”
2014年10月从比赛中退役后,他说:"对我来说最重要的事情就是被人们记住是洋基. “
Getting involved in Little League is a great way to practice skills, make friends, and learn about teamwork.
参与"小联盟"是练习技能,交朋友,学习团队精神的好方法.
A Sport for All Time After a long winter, the baseball season begins with the arrival of spring and warm weather.
永远的体育 经过漫长的冬季后,棒球赛季从春天和温暖天气的到来开始.
Returning each year to the baseball season can take fans back to memories of their childhoods and of all the players they once rooted for and loved.
每年重返棒球赛季,可以让球迷们回忆起他们童年以及他们曾经根植于和所爱戴的所有球员.
Baseball is a wonderful pastime.
棒球是一个美妙的消遣。
Some people believe that baseball is like life.
有些人认为棒球就像生活一样.
Everyone has a position to play, and all the players have to work together in order to succeed.
每个人都有角色扮演,所有玩家必须合作才能成功.