National Parks
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Your Special Place.
内容表 您的特殊位置 。
4 The Value of Parks.
4 公园的价值。
5 World-Famous Wonder: Serengeti National Park and Masai Mara Reserve.
5 世界名奇:塞伦盖蒂国家公园和马赛马拉保留地.
8 A Country’s Proud Heritage: Santa Rosa National Park.
8 国家骄傲的遗产: 圣罗莎国家公园.
10 Park Among the People: Rock Creek Park.
民国10个公园:石溪公园.
12 A Whale of a Place: Saguenay-St.
12 一个地方的鲸鱼:Saguenay-St.
Lawrence National Marine Conservation Area.
劳伦斯国家海洋保护区.
14 Unique Spots Around the World.
(原始内容存档于2019-10-21). 14 Spots Around the World.
16 Parks Under Siege.
(原始内容存档于2018-10-26). 16 Parks Under Sige.
18 Glossary.
18 词汇。
20 Index.
20 指数。
20 Your Special Place Imagine stumbling upon a special place in the wilderness that’s all your own.
20,你的特别地方 想象在荒野中一个特殊的地方被绊倒。
As you pick your way across a slick log, you can hear cool water trickling in a stream below.
在你穿过一道浮木时, 你可以看到凉水在下方的溪流中流出。
The sun reflects off the red canyon walls while an eagle soars quietly overhead.
太阳从红峡谷的墙上反射出来 一只鹰悄悄地向上飞去
Dry grasses rustle around the perfect hiding spot, and gazelles leap in the distance.
干草在完美的藏身地上生锈 瞪羚从远处飞来
Untouched places like this are becoming rare as humans use more and more land for farming, housing, and taking resources.
由于人类越来越多地使用土地从事农业、住房和取用资源,这类无法进入的地方越来越少。
But thankfully, many nations of the world have preserved areas of wilderness as national parks.
但令人欣慰的是,世界上许多国家保留了荒野地区作为国家公园.
In national parks, you can still find your own special place.
在国家公园里,你仍然可以找到自己特殊的地方.
Find a special place of your own.
自己找个特别的地方
The Value of Parks Protected lands are important for many reasons.
由于许多原因,公园保护区的价值是重要的。
Many national parks protect a rich diversity of plants and animals that might otherwise be changed by human development.
许多国家公园保护丰富的植物和动物多样性,否则它们可能会被人类发展所改变。
In a protected area, native plants and animals can exist without interference by humans.
在被保护地,原生动植物可以不受人类的干涉而存在.
Endangered animals can survive without the threat of habitat destruction and hunting.
濒危动物可以生存而不受栖息地被破坏和狩猎的威胁.
Many parks protect cultures and their histories.
许多公园保护文化及其历史.
In the world’s national parks, you can see artifacts, or objects left behind from past civilizations.
在世界的国家公园里,你可以看到文物,或者过去文明遗留下来的物品。
Some preserve an ancient way of life still in practice.
有些人仍然保持着一种古老的生活方式。
National parks also provide wild, untouched places where people can get away from it all.
国家公园也提供野生的,未受破坏的地方,人们可以远离这一切.
Visitors can view rare wildlife, unique landforms, ancient artifacts, and pieces of their own history.
参观者可以观赏珍稀野生动物,独特的地貌,古代文物,以及自有历史的片段.
They also can surround themselves with the beauty of nature through hiking, backpacking, camping, and other activities.
他们也可以通过徒步旅行,背包,露营等活动来包围自己与自然的美丽.
The United States Congress gets the credit for setting aside the first national park in 1872.
美国国会在1872年保留了第一个国家公园,因此获得了荣誉.
President Ulysses S.
总统尤利西斯·斯.
Grant signed the bill creating Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana.
格兰特签署法案,在怀俄明州,爱达荷州和蒙大拿州创建了"黄石国家公园".
The new law recognized the unique and fragile beauty of Yellowstone’s steaming geysers, pools of bubbling mud, and abundant wildlife.
新法承认了黄石公园蒸发的宝石、出土的泥浆和丰富的野生动物的独特而脆弱的美丽。
Yellowstone has many geysers.
黄石公园拥有多所地峡.
The Grand Canyon is one of the most famous national parks.
大峡谷是最出名的国家公园之一.
Today, hundreds of countries around the world have joined the preservation effort.
今天,全世界有数百个国家参加了保护工作。
There are more than 1,000 areas of preserved land around the world.
全世界有1 000多块保留地。
Now that you know a little about national parks, let’s explore a few up close.
现在你知道一些国家公园,
Maybe one of these will contain your special place.
也许其中的一个会包含你的特殊的地方。
World-Famous Wonder: Serengeti National Park and Masai Mara Reserve Tanzania and Kenya—Films and photographs from the Serengeti (SARE-en-GET-ee) are perhaps the most famous images of Africa.
世界名人之奇:塞伦盖蒂国家公园和Masai Mara Reserve 坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚——来自塞伦盖蒂(SARE-en-GET-ee)的图片也许是非洲最出名的图像.
Dry grasses rustle across broad landscapes colored brown, red, and orange by the African sun.
干草在广阔地貌上生锈 有颜色为棕色、红色和橙色被非洲太阳所覆盖。
Lions, gazelles, zebras, and antelope lounge peacefully on the immense plains.
狮子、瞪羚、斑马和羚羊 在巨大的平原上和平地休息
In 1913, an American hunter “found” the Serengeti, still unknown to Westerners, and introduced it to the world.
1913年,一名美国猎人"发现了"仍为西方人所未知的塞伦盖蒂"并把它介绍给世界.
But the Masai (muh-SEYE) people have called it home for thousands of years.
但马赛人(英语:Muh-SEYE)称其为"家"已经几千年了.
They herd cattle and live in traditional villages in the Kenyan portion of the park.
他们放牧牛群并居住在公园肯尼亚地段的传统村庄.
The Masai are famous for their beautiful red clothing, jewelry, and body paint.
马赛人以美丽的红色服装,珠宝和身体涂料而出名.
To the Masai, the Serengeti has always been Siringitu: “the place where the land goes on forever.”
对马赛人来说,塞伦盖蒂人一向是锡林吉图人:“这片土地将永远延续下去的地方。 “
Do You Know?
你知道吗?
The Serengeti is one of the oldest and largest savannas, or dry grasslands, on Earth.
塞伦盖蒂是地球上最古老和最大的草原之一,或称干草地.
It is the last home of many of the most famous African animals.
它是许多最出名的非洲动物的最后家园.
Every year, hundreds of thousands of wildebeests and zebras migrate, or move across the plains, following the seasonal rains.
每年有数十万野生地和斑马在季节性降雨后迁徙,或穿越平原.
Amazing predators, including lions, crocodiles, cheetahs, and hyenas, follow them.
惊人的捕食者,包括狮子,鳄鱼,猎豹,和 等,跟着他们.
Several of the Serengeti’s animals, including rhinos, cheetahs, and some antelopes, are severely endangered.
塞伦盖蒂的几只动物,包括犀牛、猎豹和一些羚羊,都受到严重的危害。
Without the park to protect their habitat, these creatures would probably become extinct.
如果没有公园来保护他们的栖息地,这些生物很可能会灭绝.
A Country’s Proud Heritage: Santa Rosa National Park Costa Rica—Costa Rica, a tiny country in Central America, includes many natural and cultural treasures.
国家骄傲的遗产: 圣罗莎 哥斯达黎加国家公园 哥斯达黎加 哥斯达黎加是中美洲的一个小国,包括许多自然和文化财富。
In Santa Rosa Park, many of these special features come together.
在圣罗莎 朴槿惠,许多这些特色相聚.
First, there is the Pacific coastline where many endangered sea turtles gather by the thousands to nest.
首先,有太平洋海岸线,许多濒危海龟被上千人聚集到巢穴.
The ocean by these beaches is also known for good surfing.
这些海滩附近的海洋也以良好的冲浪而出名.
Sea turtles nesting on a Costa Rican beach The Serengeti plains feature plentiful wildlife.
塞伦盖蒂平原具有丰富的野生动物特征。
The inland portions of the park feature savannas and the largest area of dry tropical forest in Central America.
公园的内陆部分是草原和中美洲最大的热带干燥林地。
This habitat supports howler monkeys, wild pigs, and over 50 species of bats that nest in the park’s many caves.
这个栖息地支撑着嚎叫猴,野生猪等50多种蝙蝠在公园的许多洞穴中筑巢.
Many scientists come to this rich natural landscape to study how the plants and animals of the forest and ocean interact.
许多科学家来到这个丰富的自然地貌,研究森林和海洋的植物和动物是如何相互作用的.
Two historical sites preserve the memory of important battles in the struggle for Costa Rican independence.
两个历史遗址保存了哥斯达黎加独立斗争中重要战斗的记忆.
Visitors can tour these sites and enjoy hiking, camping, and surfing.
游客可以参观这些场地并享受徒步旅行,露营和冲浪.
Park Among the People: Rock Creek Park Washington, D.
民国公园:石溪公园 华盛顿.
C.
C组
, U.
(原始内容存档于2018-09-21)., U.
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—It’s easy to imagine national parks as expanses of wild territory.
国家公园是野生地盘的广阔地段,
It’s not so easy to imagine a park inside a major city.
在主要城市内建立公园并不容易。
Yet that’s just what Rock Creek Park is.
而这正是摇滚公园。
It is a small, 1,700-acre area of preserved cultural and natural heritage, right in the center of the U.
它是一个小的,1700英亩的保存了文化和自然遗产的地区,位于U中心.
S.
师曰.
capital city.
都城 city.
Established in 1890, this park provides city dwellers with a spot of nature nearby.
这个公园建立于1890年,为城市居民提供了附近的自然地点.
They can escape among the plants, animals, and rushing water of a forest.
它们可以在植物和动物中逃脱 并冲出森林的水
A theater hosts outdoor concerts and plays in the summer.
一个剧院在夏天主持户外音乐会并演奏.
The park is also filled with historical treasures from the times of the Piscataway Tribe, the founding of the U.
公园还充满了皮斯卡塔韦部落时代的历史珍宝,即"乌"的建立.
S.
师曰.
capital, and the Civil War.
首都和内战
Many bats nest in Santa Rosa’s caves.
许多蝙蝠在圣罗莎的洞穴中筑巢.
A Whale of a Place: Saguenay-St.
(原始内容存档于2018-10-12). A Whale of a Place: Saguenay-St.
Lawrence National Marine Conservation Area of Canada Quebec, Canada—Mountains rise up from the shores of Saguenay Fjord (SAG-eh-nay fee-YORD), a narrow, but extremely deep, arm of the sea.
加拿大魁北克劳伦斯国家海洋养护区 山脉从萨盖奈峡湾起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起起
From the east, the St.
从东方出圣相.
Lawrence Estuary flows into the fjord.
劳伦斯·埃斯图里流入峡湾.
An estuary is where freshwater from a river mixes with saltwater from the ocean.
河口是河流中淡水与海洋中咸水相混合的地方.
In the fjord, waters of different temperatures and saltiness form layers, and each layer supports its own kind of wildlife.
在峡湾中,不同温度和咸度的水会形成地层,每个地层都支撑着自己种类的野生动物.
This unusual mix of water forms the whole park—it’s entirely underwater!
整个公园都是水下。
Other Urban Getaways 1 Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site, New York City 2 Gateway National Recreation Area, New York City 3 Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, St.
其他城市Getaways 1 Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site, 纽约市 2 Gateway National Recent Area, 纽约市 3 杰斐逊国家扩展纪念馆,圣.
Louis, Missouri 4 Golden Gate National Recreation Area, San Francisco, California Visitors tour the marine conservation area in Quebec.
路易斯,密苏里州4号金门国家娱乐区,加利福尼亚州旧金山 游客参观了魁北克的海洋保护区.
The mix of freshwater and saltwater in the fjord provides many nutrients that attract all sorts of sea creatures.
峡湾中淡水和盐水的混合提供了许多能吸引出各种出海生物的营养.
Plankton, fish, birds, and mammals all call it home.
浮游生物、鱼类、鸟类和哺乳动物都称它为家.
Many species of whale, including minke, fin, pilot, humpback, and blue whales, come here during warmer months.
许多种类的鲸鱼,包括小貂,鳍,飞行员,座头鲸和蓝鲸,在温暖的几个月里来到这里.
The rare beluga, or white whale, lives here year-round.
稀有的白鲸或白鲸常年栖息于此地.
Seals, fish, and invertebrates such as crabs and shellfish are also abundant.
海豹,鱼,蟹等无脊椎动物和贝类也十分丰富.
So, how do you visit an underwater park?
你怎么去水下公园?
Many people choose to get close to whales and other animals by boat.
许多人选择乘船接近鲸鱼等动物.
The park offers whale watches and trips on kayaks—small, canoelike boats.
公园提供鲸鱼手表和皮划艇旅行——小而有舟式的船只.
Visitors also can go scuba diving, hiking, and ice fishing.
游客还可以去潜水,徒步旅行和去打冰.
Unique Spots Around the World Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii, U.
独特的斑点环绕世界火山国家公园,夏威夷,U.
S.
师曰.
A.
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— In this park, you can view the world’s largest, most active volcano.
—— 说 在这个公园里,你可以看到世界上最大,最活泼的火山.
Visitors watch as red-hot, glowing lava rolls in fiery streams from the volcano.
游客看相如红热,发光的熔岩卷 在从火山发起的火热溪流中.
When it falls into the ocean, it sends up plumes of steam.
当它倒入海洋时,它会发出蒸汽的羽流.
This is the formation of the island, up close!
这是岛的形成,靠近!
Wilderness areas also provide hiking and camping among Hawaii’s unique landscapes and plants.
荒野地也为夏威夷独特的地貌和植物提供徒步和露营.
Everglades National Park, Florida, U.
佛罗里达州Everglades国家公园,U.
S.
师曰.
A.
A组.
— Alligators glide through the wetlands of North America’s largest subtropical wilderness.
——鳄鱼滑行穿过北美最大的亚热带荒野湿地.
Fragile swamps, grasslands, and marshy coastline are preserved here.
脆弱的沼泽地,草地,和沼泽地的海岸线在这里得到保存.
Rare mammals such as the Florida panther and the manatee also flourish.
佛罗里达豹和马纳特等稀有哺乳动物也蓬勃发展.
Many whales come to the Saguenay Fjord during warmer months.
许多鲸鱼在温暖的几个月里来到了萨格奈峡湾.
Sareks National Park, Sweden—Sweden was the first country in Europe to create national parks.
瑞典萨雷克斯国家公园——瑞典是欧洲第一个创建国家公园的国家.
This one, far north above the Arctic Circle, is Western Europe’s largest area of wilderness.
这个位于北极圈以北,是西欧最大的荒地.
It is filled with majestic mountains and glaciers.
它充满了高山和冰川
It is also home to the Saami, or Lapp people, who herd reindeer.
它也是放牧驯鹿的萨米族人或拉普人的家园。
Tassili N’Ajjer National Park, Algeria (tah-SEE-LEE n-AH-jer)—Algeria, in Northern Africa, is situated in the fierce Sahara Desert.
Tassili N ' Ajjer国家公园,阿尔及利亚(tah-SEE-LEE n-AH-jer)——位于北非,位于撒哈拉沙漠中。
The landscape wasn’t always desert, however, and past civilizations left behind more than 15,000 drawings and engravings in caves and on the sides of cliffs.
历史文明留下了超过一万五千幅画作和雕刻,
The art documents the history of humans since 6000 bc!
艺术记载了人类6000bc以来的历史!.
Parks Under Siege Often, it is difficult for countries to set aside useful land to establish national parks.
围观下的公园 各国往往很难拨出有用的地皮来建立国家公园。
Even after a national park is established, many threats can face preserved lands.
即使在国家公园建立后,许多威胁也可能面临被保护的土地.
In poor countries, people often use parklands for growing crops, grazing livestock, and gathering firewood to feed hungry people.
在贫穷国家,人们往往利用公园地来种植农作物,放牧牲畜并收集柴火来给饥饿的人提供食物.
If there is war or political troubles, people fleeing the violence often damage fragile environments.
如果发生战争或政治麻烦,逃离暴力的人往往会破坏脆弱的环境。
Some preserved lands hold gold mines of sorts— oil fields, mineral resources, or forests for logging.
一些保留地拥有各种金矿 -- -- 油田、矿产资源或伐木用森林。
Many people believe that these resources should be used to create economic growth, and governments occasionally agree.
许多人认为这些资源应该用来创造经济增长,政府偶尔会同意.
Above the Arctic Circle Cave art tells stories.
在北极圈上方 洞穴艺术讲故事.
People can damage land by not picking up their trash.
人们可以破坏土地 不捡起他们的垃圾。
Even in a well-protected national park, too many visitors can cause plenty of problems, from leaving behind litter to trampling trails to polluting the air with snowmobile exhaust.
即使在一个保护良好的国家公园里,太多的游客可能带来很多问题,从留下垃圾到踩踏小道到用雪地汽车排气污染空气.
It also can be difficult to experience the wilderness while surrounded by people.
在被人所包围的情况下,体验荒野也可能很困难.
For all of the above reasons, national parks can become spoiled.
由于上述种种原因,国家公园可能会被破坏.
Yet this reinforces their importance.
然而,这加强了它们的重要性。
Most areas of the world already have been changed by human industry and development.
世界大多数地区已经由人类工业和发展所改变.
National parks are some of the last areas that have not been affected by human development.
国家公园是最后一个不受人类发展影响的地区.
If future generations are to find their own special natural places, then people around the world must work to preserve these national treasures.
如果后世要找到自己特殊的自然地盘,那么全世界的人就必须努力去保存这些国宝.
Glossary artifacts objects and pieces of art from ancient times (p.
术语表 古代文物和艺术品(p.
5) diversity many different types of things living together (p.
5) 多样性 生活在一起的许多不同类型的事物(p.
5) estuary the end of a river where the fresh water mixes with salt water (p.
5)将淡水与盐水相混合的一道河道入河口(p.
14) extinct the dying out of an entire species of animal or plant (p.
14)灭绝了整个动物或植物物种的死亡(p.
9) fjord a narrow sea inlet between steep slopes and cliffs (p.
9) 在陡峭的山坡和悬崖之间峡湾入海(p.
14) habitat the natural environment of an animal or plant (p.
14) 栖息于动物或植物的自然环境(p.
9) migrate move from one area to another every year (p.
9)每年从一个地区迁移到另一个地区(p.
9) preservation the act of saving something as it is for the future (p.
9) 保留为未来保存某种东西的行为(p.
7) savannas dry grasslands (p.
7) 草原干燥草地 (p.
9) Yellowstone’s geysers attract millions of visitors each year.
9)"黄石"的"宝石"每年会吸引上百万游客.