Monkey Business
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Introduction.
导言表。
4 Primates.
4Primate队.
5 Monkeys Versus Apes.
(原始内容存档于2019-10-11). 5 Monkeys Versus Apes.
7 New World and Old World Monkeys.
7"新世界与老世界猴".
8 Monkeying Around.
8个猴子周围。
10 Types of Monkeys.
10类"猴".
14 New World Monkeys.
新世界猴14个.
14 Old World Monkeys.
14个"世界老猴子".
17 Monkey Babies.
17个猴子宝宝。
19 Monkeys and Humans.
19"猴与人类".
20 Conclusion.
20 结论。
23 Glossary.
23 词汇表。
24 Introduction Of all the creatures in the animal kingdom, humans most closely identify with monkeys.
导言 在动物王国的所有生物中,人类与猴子最密切地认同.
In fact, if someone says you’re acting like a monkey, he or she is probably not too far off.
事实上,如果有人说你像猴子一样行事,他或她可能不会太遥远。
People often stand in front of a monkey exhibit at the zoo for much longer than they stand in front of other exhibits.
人们经常站在动物园的猴子展出前,比站在其他展出前的时间长得多.
They are fascinated by the antics of monkeys.
它们对猴子的怪癖着迷
They laugh at them and are entertained by them, perhaps because monkeys remind people so much of themselves.
他们嘲笑他们,并被他们取悦,也许因为猴子让人们想起了自己这么多.
Visitors at the Bronx Zoo watch a monkey.
布朗克斯动物园的访客看一只猴子。
Primates Monkeys belong to a group of mammals known as primates.
灵长类猴属(Primates Monkeys)属于一类哺乳动物,被称作灵长类.
There are two main groups of primates: anthropoids and prosimians.
灵长类有两大类:活体动物和活体动物.
Anthropoids, which are the most familiar primates, include monkeys, apes, and humans.
动物是最熟悉的灵长类动物,包括猴,猿,和人类.
Prosimians are less well known.
普罗西米亚人不太为人所知.
The most familiar prosimian is the lemur.
最熟悉的活体是狐猴.
Ring-tailed lemurs are prosimians.
环尾狐猴为亲本.
Primates are different from other mammals because they have fingers that are developed and a thumb that sits across from and bends toward the fingers.
灵长类与其他哺乳动物不同 因为它们的手指是发达的 拇指坐到手指对面并弯曲
This thumb is called an opposable thumb.
此拇指被称作可对抗的拇指.
Opposable thumbs allow primates to hold tightly onto small things, giving them an advantage over other mammals.
可反对的拇指可以使灵长类动物紧紧地紧紧地抓住小东西,使得它们比起其他哺乳动物具有优势.
For example, many primates spend most of their lives in trees.
例如,许多灵长类动物将大部分生命花在了树上.
The thumb makes it possible for the primates to grasp branches and climb more easily.
拇指使灵长类动物能够更轻松地抓住树枝并攀爬.
Orangutans, which are great apes, have opposable thumbs.
猩猩是大猩猩 有可对抗的拇指
Monkeys Versus Apes Most people think that apes, such as gorillas, orangutans, and chimpanzees, are just big monkeys.
猴对猿 大多数人认为猿类,如大猩猩,猩猩和黑猩猩只是大猴子.
But they are not monkeys— they are apes.
但他们不是猴子,他们是猩猩。
Apes do not have tails, while most monkeys do, and apes are usually much more intelligent than monkeys.
猿类没有尾巴,而大多数猴子有尾巴,而猿类通常比猴子聪明得多.
Apes are also larger than monkeys.
猿类也比猴子大.
Because most apes are heavier, they often scramble and climb along branches, while monkeys can swing and jump from branch to branch.
由于大多数猿类较重,它们常常会摇摆并沿着树枝爬行,而猴子则可以摇摆并从树枝上跳到树枝上.
Chimpanzees are some of the most intelligent apes.
黑猩猩是一些最聪明的猿类.
New World and Old World Monkeys Monkeys are divided into two groups based on where they live.
新世界和旧世界猴 猴子根据住址分为两组.
One group is the New World monkeys, which live in Central and South America.
一个群体是生活在中南美洲的新世界猴.
Only monkeys, not apes or prosimians, live in the New World.
只有猴子,而不是猿人或活生生的人活在新世界.
The other group is Old World monkeys, which are found in Asia and Africa.
另一个组是"老世界"猴,它们分布在亚洲和非洲.
Old World primates include apes and prosimians as well as monkeys.
旧世界灵长类包括猿类和亲生动物以及猴子.
Old and New World monkeys are different in four distinct ways.
新旧世界猴有四种不同的方式.
One way is their noses.
一种方式是他们的鼻子。
The nostrils of New World monkeys are spread apart, but in Old World monkeys they are close together and point down, like human nostrils.
新世界猴的鼻孔被分道扬镳,但在"旧世界"猴中它们相接相近并指向下方,就像人类的鼻孔.
Note the nostrils of the golden lion tamarin (left), a New World monkey, and a Japanese macaque (right), an Old World monkey.
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Another way they differ is that some New World monkeys can hold on to objects with their prehensile tails.
另一种不同的方法是,一些"新世界"的猴子可以用其被缠绕的尾巴来支撑物体.
Old World monkeys do not have this characteristic.
旧世界猴没有这个特征.
An adult spider monkey (above) uses its prehensile tail to grab a rope.
成年蜘蛛猴(上方)用其被缠住的尾巴来抓取绳子.
Prehensile tails often have no hair, similar to a human palm.
花序尾巴往往没有发型,与人掌相似.
A third way these two groups differ is in the number of teeth they have.
这两类人的第三个不同方式是牙齿的数量。
Most New World monkeys have 36 teeth, while most Old World monkeys have 32 teeth, just like humans.
大多数新世界猴有36个牙齿,而大多数老世界猴有32个牙齿,和人类一样.
The fourth way they differ has to do with where they spend their time.
第四种不同的方式涉及他们的时间所在。
All New World monkeys live in trees, while many Old World monkeys spend much of their time on the ground.
所有"新世界"猴子都生活在树上,而许多"老世界"猴子则将大部分时间花在地上.
Monkeying Around All monkeys live together with other monkeys of their type.
绕来绕去 所有猴子都与同类其他猴子同住.
A group of monkeys is called a troop.
一群猴子叫部队
Most New World monkey troops consist of fewer than 24 monkeys.
大多数"新世界"猴子部队由不到24只猴子组成.
Old World troops, such as troops of baboons, can number well over 100 members.
旧 世界出兵,如 b等出兵,可出兵100多.
Some monkey troops have only one adult male with several females and their young.
一些猴子部队只有一头成年雄性与多只雌性并幼年.
Others can have many adult males.
其他人可以拥有许多成年男性.
Monkeys that live on the ground have more closely knit groups.
生活在地上的猴子有更紧密的织布组.
This is because there are more enemies on the ground, so the monkeys are more dependent on each other for protection.
这是因为地上敌人较多,所以猴子更需要互相依靠来保护.
If threatened, the adults of the troop will join together to drive away the attacker.
如果受到威胁,部队的成年人会联合起来将攻击者赶走.
Monkeys have long, strong arms and legs that help them leap and swing through the trees.
猴子有长而强壮的手臂和腿,可以帮助它们从树上跳出并摇摆.
For those that live on the ground, long, strong arms and legs help them run fast.
对于活在地上的人,长而强的手臂和腿能帮助他们跑得快.
Monkeys also have fingers on their hands, as humans do, to help them grasp objects.
猴子也像人类一样,手上有手指来帮助它们抓住物体.
Some Old World monkeys have opposable thumbs, which can be used to hold and work with small objects.
一些"老世界"猴有可对抗的拇指,可以用来持有并用小物体来工作.
Some New World monkeys have partially opposable thumbs, while others have no thumbs at all, just a fifth finger.
一些"新世界"猴有部分可对抗的拇指,而另一些猴则完全没有拇指,只是第五个指.
Monkeys have five toes on each foot.
猴子每只脚有五个脚趾.
Some kinds of monkeys have a big toe that is opposable and serves as a thumb, allowing the monkey to grasp objects with its feet.
某些种类的猴子有大脚趾可对并起拇指的作用,使猴子能用脚来抓住物体.
A juvenile hamadryas baboon Young monkeys spend much of their waking time playing, as all kids do.
一只幼年的胡马德里亚人 年轻的猴子们像所有的孩子一样 花了很多时间来玩耍
Adult monkeys spend their days searching for and eating food, and grooming each other.
成年猴子整天寻找并吃东西 互相驯服
Monkeys eat just about anything.
猴子吃的东西都差不多
They eat plant parts, such as fruits, nuts, leaves, roots, and flowers.
它们吃植物的部分,如水果,坚果,叶子,根和花.
They also eat animals, such as insects, frogs, and birds.
它们也吃昆虫,青蛙等动物和鸟类.
Baboons will even attack and eat small hoofed animals, such as baby antelope.
芭蕉甚至会攻击并吃小蹄动物,如小羚羊.
Most monkeys also eat eggs.
大多数猴子也吃鸡蛋.
A young vervet monkey plays with its mother.
一个年轻的马鞭草猴 和它的母亲玩耍。
Monkeys communicate with each other using their voices as well as body language.
猴子用自己的声音和身体语言相互交流.
Some monkeys use threatening gestures such as staring, showing their teeth, and bobbing their heads back and forth.
有的猴子会使用威胁姿态,如盯着,露出牙齿等,并前后打出头来.
They often use their hands to communicate by beating on their chests or slapping the ground.
他们经常用手来进行交流,用打在胸口上或打地上.
Monkeys use their voices to warn of danger or to signal when they have found a source of food.
猴子在找到食物来源时用自己的声音发出危险警告或发出信号.
Some monkeys have even developed “words” for familiar things.
一些猴子甚至为熟悉的东西开发出"词".
For instance, instead of just a general alarm call, vervet (VUR-vit) monkeys have a special call for “snake,” one for “eagle,” and another for “leopard.”
例如,马鞭草(VUR-vit)猴不仅发出一般警报,还发出特别呼吁,要求“snake”,“eagle”,“leopard”。 “
Howler monkeys keep other monkeys out of their territory by shouting and howling at them.
豪勒猴通过大叫和叫喊来将其他猴子赶出自己的领地.
A black howler monkey shouts at an intruder.
一只黑吼猴对入侵者大叫.
Types of Monkeys There are more than 150 different kinds of monkeys.
猴子类型 猴有150多种.
Some are very tiny, like the pygmy marmoset, which is only about as long as a new pencil, not including its tail.
有些极细小,如俾格米马莫塞特,它只有一副新的铅笔,不包括它的尾巴.
The largest monkey is the mandrill.
最大的猴子是曼德罗.
If an adult mandrill stood up, it would be as tall as your kitchen counter.
如果一个成年的Mandrill站起来, 它会跟你的厨房柜台一样高。
New World Monkeys Spider monkey A spider monkey uses its prehensile tail like an extra hand to hang from branches and to pick things up.
新世界猴 蜘蛛猴 蜘蛛猴会像外出用手一样使用被缠住的尾巴从树枝上吊起并取出东西来.
Unlike most other monkeys, spider monkeys have no thumbs.
与其他大多数猴子不同,蜘蛛猴没有拇指.
Marmoset (MAR-mo-set) Marmosets are among the smallest monkeys.
马莫塞特人 (MAR-mo-set) 马莫塞特人属于最小的猴子.
Most are less than 30 centimeters (1 ft) long.
大多数体长不到30厘米(1英尺).
Instead of having nails on their fingers like most monkeys, they have claws.
与其像大多数猴子一样在手指上有指甲,不如有爪子.
Howler monkey Howlers are famous for their loud howl, which can be heard as far away as 3 kilometers (2 mi).
嚎叫猴 霍勒斯以高出声的叫声而出名,在相距3公里(2米)以内能被听到.
They are the largest of the New World monkeys and have long tails and black faces that are bearded in adult howlers.
他们是"新世界"猴中最大的,并有长尾巴和黑色相貌,被长尾巴和长相的长尾巴所刮出长胡子.
Tamarin (TAM-ur-in) Tamarins are small monkeys, usually about 30 centimeters (1 ft) long.
塔马林(TAM-ur-in) 塔马林是小型猴科,通常长约30厘米(1英尺).
Most of them are multicolored, and many have long hair on the tops of their heads.
其中多为多花色,多为头顶有长发.
The golden lion tamarin has a mane that makes it look like a small lion.
金色的狮子塔马林有一只使它看起来像一头小狮子的花毛.
Old World Monkeys Baboons Baboons are large monkeys with long, sharp canine teeth.
老世界猴(学名:Babons babons)为大猴科猴属的动物,有长而尖的犬齿.
They spend most of their time living on the ground.
他们大部分时间都住在地上。
Many types of baboons, as this olive baboon, live on the African plains.
许多种类的 b,如这只橄榄abo,活在非洲平原上.
Mandrills Mandrills, a kind of baboon, are the largest monkeys.
钻井 Man(学名:Mandrills)为 b科on属下的一个种.
Males are known for their colorful faces and rumps.
雄性以多彩相貌和口风而出名.
They have blue cheeks and red noses, and their rumps match!
他们有蓝色的脸颊和红色的鼻子, 和他们的口角匹配!
Colobus (CALL-ah-bus) Colobus monkeys are medium sized, reaching 45 to 75 centimeters (1.
科洛布斯(CALL-ah-bus) (法语). 科洛布斯猴体型中等,可达45至75厘米(1.
5 ft) in length.
5英尺)的长度.
They are strong, with a stocky build.
它们很强壮 有股架
They can vary in color from all black to black and white to red and olive green.
它们从所有黑色到黑色和白色,到红色和橄榄绿色的颜色都可以有不同.
Proboscis (pruh-BOSS-kiss) Proboscis monkeys get their name from their long noses ( proboscis is the Latin word for nose), which the males use to call.
Proboscis (pruh-BOSS-kis) Proboscis猴从长鼻取出其名(proboscis是鼻的拉丁名词),雄性用来称呼.
They are large monkeys, from 70 to 100 centimeters (2–3 ft) long, not including their tails, and are very good swimmers.
它们是从70公分到100公分(2–3英尺)长的大型猴子,不包括尾巴,也是非常好的游泳运动员.
Monkey Babies Most monkey females have just one baby at a time.
猴宝宝 多数猴子雌性一次只生出一胎.
After the baby is born, it depends on its mother for all of its food and care.
婴儿出世后,取而代之的是母亲的饮食和照顾。
Like all mammals, a baby monkey lives on its mother’s milk.
和所有哺乳动物一样,一只小猴子靠母乳生活。
Depending on which kind of monkey, a baby may nurse for as little as two weeks or as long as two years.
根据猴子的种类,婴儿可以哺乳2周或2年。
A baby monkey clings to its mother’s fur.
一只小猴子紧紧抓住了母亲的皮毛。
A baby begins by clinging to her belly, and then as it gets older, it rides on her back.
一个婴儿开始紧紧地抱住她的肚子,然后随着年龄的增长,它会骑在她的背上.
The baby clings until it is strong enough to travel safely on its own.
婴儿紧紧抱住,直到它足够强壮,能够独自安全地旅行。
In some species, such as marmosets, the male takes care of the young and carries it around all day.
在一些物种中,如马莫塞特(marmoset),雄鸟会照顾幼鸟并整天携带.
The male gives the young monkey to its mother when it is time to nurse.
雄性在哺乳时会把幼猴送给母亲.
A baby yellow baboon clings to its mother’s back.
一只小黄猩猩紧贴着母亲的后背。
Monkeys and Humans Monkeys and their relatives, the apes, have starred in movies and in circuses.
猴和人猿猴及其亲属"猿"曾主演电影和马戏.
They have appeared on many television shows, been the subjects of many books, and even rocketed into space.
它们在许多电视节目中出现,是许多书籍的主题,甚至被火箭射入太空.
Humans have used monkeys for medical research because of their similarity to humans.
人类因为与人类相似而将猴子用于医学研究.
Many people object to using monkeys and other animals for research.
许多人反对利用猴子和其他动物进行研究.
But monkeys have allowed us to learn many things about new medicines without having to test them on humans.
但是猴子让我们可以学到很多关于新药的事物,而不必对人进行测试.
A chimpanzee named Ham gets ready for a trip into space, 1961.
一个叫"黑猩猩"的黑猩猩 汉姆准备去太空旅行 1961年
In some cultures, monkey meat is considered a delicacy.
在一些文化中,猴肉被视作一种精美.
Some people even eat monkey brains.
有些人甚至吃猴子的脑袋。
Many monkeys have been captured and placed in zoos and display cages around the world.
许多猴子被捕获并被放入世界各地的动物园并展示出笼子.
Modern zoos have undergone efforts to place monkeys in environments that are similar to their natural habitats.
现代动物园曾努力将猴子置于与其自然栖息地相类似的环境中.
Ebony leaf monkeys in a naturalistic habitat at the Bronx Zoo Many people around the world keep monkeys as pets.
布朗克斯动物园自然栖息地中的艾博尼叶猴 世界各地很多人把猴子当作宠物饲养.
Because they are so intelligent and can use objects, many monkeys have been trained to help people who cannot move.
因为他们如此聪明,可以使用物品,所以许多猴子都接受了训练来帮助那些无法移动的人.
They help paralyzed people do their jobs, cook food, and even brush their teeth.
他们帮助瘫痪的人做工作,做饭,甚至刷牙.
Throughout the world, humans are threatening wild monkey populations by destroying their habitats.
在全世界,人类通过破坏其栖息地来威胁野生猴子种群.
Hunters also threaten monkeys because many people like to eat monkey meat.
猎人还因为很多人喜欢吃猴子肉而威胁猴子.
Efforts are underway in many areas to help save monkey populations.
在许多领域正在努力帮助拯救猴群。
Conclusion Monkeys are everywhere.
结论 猴子到处都是
You may see monkeys as characters in cartoons or actors in movies.
你可能把猴子看成漫画中的人物 或电影中的演员
You can see monkeys at almost every zoo.
几乎每个动物园都能看到猴子
You may even meet someone who has a pet monkey or a helper monkey.
你甚至可以遇到一个有宠物猴子或帮助猴子的人.
It’s no wonder people love monkeys so much, because they are so much like humans.
难怪人们这么喜欢猴子,
Monkeys are intelligent primates that have opposable thumbs and can use objects and even use “words.”
猴子是智慧的灵长类动物,有可对抗的拇指,可以使用物体,甚至使用"活字". “
But they are also very different from us.
但它们也与我们大相径庭。
Unlike humans, monkeys come in many different species.
与人类不同,猴子会出现在许多不同的物种中.
In fact, there are more species of monkeys than any other primate.
事实上,猴子的种类比其他灵长类动物都要多.
Monkeys are funny, smart, beautiful, and useful animals that we should protect and respect.
猴子是滑稽,聪明,美丽,有用的动物,我们应该保护并尊重它们.
A tantalus monkey grooms, or cleans, another.
一个坦塔鲁斯猴新郎, 或者清洁,另一个。