John Muir
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents A Passion for Nature.
内容列表 A Passion for Natural.
4 Early Life.
4"早生" (中文(简体) ).
5 Freedom and Wild Places.
5"自由与荒野之地".
7 The High Sierra.
7高铁.
10 Nature Writer and Activist.
10 自然作家与活动家.
12 Muir’s Legacy.
12 缪尔的遗产.
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 A Passion for Nature Long ago when people in the United States were settling the West, many people spoke about conquering nature.
16 很久以前,当美国人民定居西方时,许多人谈论征服自然。
They cleared land and used it however they wished for houses, food, and clothing.
他们清扫了土地,并将土地用于房屋、食物和衣服。
John Muir instead spoke of honoring nature.
约翰·缪尔转而谈到荣誉性.
Muir was a champion of wild places, a gifted writer and speaker, and the founder of an important organization.
缪尔是野地的冠军,有才华的作家和演说家,也是一个重要的组织的创始人.
His words inspired many people to make an effort to protect wilderness.
他的话激励了许多人努力去保护荒野.
They also helped bring about the protection of many nature areas, including Yosemite Valley.
他们还帮助保护了包括约塞米蒂谷在内的许多自然区.
John Muir explored nature as a way of becoming closer to what he considered “the heart of the world.”
John Muir将自然作为接近他所认为的“世界心脏”的一种方法来探索。 “
Early Life John Muir was born on April 21, 1838, in Scotland.
早生约翰 缪尔于1838年4月21日生于苏格兰.
John was the oldest son in a family with eight children.
约翰是一个家庭中有八个孩子的长子.
When John was eleven, the family moved to Wisconsin, in the United States, so his father could start a farm.
约翰11岁时,全家搬到了美国威斯康辛州,因此他的父亲可以开办农场.
John’s father was very strict and forced his children to work long hours doing farm labor.
约翰的父亲非常严格,强迫他的孩子长时间工作做农活.
He only allowed them one small meal a day.
他每天只允许他们吃一顿小餐
The children’s health suffered as a result.
儿童的健康因此受到影响。
John Muir’s birthplace in Scotland is now a museum dedicated to his life and work.
约翰·缪尔(John Muir)在苏格兰的出生地现在是一个纪念他生活和工作的博物馆.
John did not attend school during those years, but he loved to learn.
约翰在那些年没有上学,但他喜欢学习.
His father allowed him to wake up early to have time to read.
他的父亲允许他早起,有时间读书.
John rose at 1:00 a.
约翰在一点钟升起。
m.
（a.m./p.m.时间缩写的结尾）
each morning.
每天早上都这样
He studied many different subjects on his own.
他独自学习了许多不同的学科.
If he had any free time during the day, he explored the woods and fields around the family farm.
如果白天他有任何闲暇时间,他探索了家庭农场周围的树林和田地.
During John’s teen years, he spent part of his early- morning time working on inventions.
在约翰十多岁时,他用一部分清晨时间研究发明.
One of his inventions— a special “alarm clock”—pushed him out of bed at a set time.
他的发明之一——一个特殊的 " 警报钟 " ——在固定的时间把他从床上推下。
John Muir’s “alarm clock” was a combination desk and clock that attached to a collapsing bed.
约翰·穆尔的 " 警报钟 " 是紧接在倒塌的床上的一桌一钟。
At the appointed time, the invention lit a lamp and caused John to gently slide to the floor.
在指定的时间,发明点燃了一盏灯并让约翰轻轻地滑到地上.
Freedom and Wild Places By the time Muir was a young adult, he was restless to follow his passions.
自由与荒野 到了穆尔还年轻的时候,他沉迷于追随自己的激情.
When he was twenty-two, he showed his inventions at a state fair in Madison.
22岁时,他在麦迪逊的州博览会上展示了他的发明.
The inventions, especially Muir’s alarm clock, were a huge hit.
这些发明,特别是穆尔的闹钟,是一个巨大的打击.
A judge awarded him a cash prize that gave him some independence for the first time.
一位法官授予他一笔现金奖金,首次给了他一些独立性.
Instead of going home, he stayed in Madison.
他没有回家,而是留在麦迪逊.
He started college that fall.
他从秋天开始上大学
Jeanne Carr, a writer and plant scientist, and Ezra Carr, a science professor, became friends and teachers of Muir’s.
编剧和植物科学家Jeanne Carr和科学教授Ezra Carr成为穆尔的朋友和老师.
Muir mainly studied math and science, including the science of plants.
缪尔主要研究数学和科学,包括植物科学.
In 1863, he left Madison to attend what he called the “University of the Wilderness.”
1863年,他离开麦迪逊去参加他所谓的"荒野大学". “
Muir traveled on foot around parts of Canada and the Midwest.
穆尔步行到加拿大和中西部的部分地区.
He took odd jobs to pay his way.
他找了些零活来付账
In 1866, Muir took a job as a mechanic.
1866年,缪尔出任机械师.
The next year, a work accident briefly blinded him.
次年,工伤事故使他短暂失明.
Though he feared he would lose his sight for good, it returned a month later.
虽然他害怕永远失明,但一个月后又回来了。
Muir suddenly realized he wasn’t doing what he loved most.
Muir突然意识到自己没有做他最爱的事。
He left his job to spend the rest of his life in nature.
他离开工作是为了在自然界度过余生.
Muir took off on September 1, 1867, hiking about 1,000 miles (1,609 km) to Florida.
缪尔于1867年9月1日起飞,徒步约1000英里(1,609公里)至佛罗里达.
He reached the coast in just over seven weeks.
他在7个多星期后到达了海岸.
The next March, he went to San Francisco.
次年3月,他前往旧金山.
When he arrived, he asked someone to show him the closest way out of town.
当他到达时,他请人给他指出城的最近的路.
When the man asked where he wanted to go, Muir replied, “To any place that is wild.”
当该男子问他要去哪儿时,Muir回答说,“到任何野地去。 “
Muir’s 1867 Trip to Florida ATl An Ti C OCe An Tennessee Gul F OF Mexi CO Indiana Kentucky Indianapolis North Carolina Georgia South Carolina Alabama Florida West Virginia Virginia Ohio Cedar Keys Mississippi Illinois by train by foot by boat The High Sierra Traveling on foot, Muir headed for California’s Sierra Nevada mountains.
Muir的1867年出道到佛罗里达 ATl An C OCe An Tennias Gul F OF Mexi CO 印第安纳 肯塔基 印第安纳波利斯 北卡罗来纳州 乔治亚州 南卡罗来纳州 阿拉巴马州 西弗吉尼亚州 弗吉尼亚州 俄亥俄州 Cedar Keys 密西西比州 伊利诺伊州乘火车徒步乘船"高山"(The High Sierra Traveling)徒步出行,缪尔前往加利福尼亚州的内华达山脉.
The beauty of the area amazed him.
该地区的美丽让他吃惊了
Muir’s first trip was short, but he went back the following year.
穆尔的首次出行时间很短,但他在次年又回了家.
He worked briefly as a shepherd, and later he ran a sawmill near Yosemite Falls.
他短暂地做牧羊人,后来在约塞米特瀑布附近经营了一座锯木厂.
Muir spent his free time exploring the land.
缪尔闲暇时间去探索这片土地.
He drew inspiration from the writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson, who often wrote about connecting with nature.
他从拉尔夫·瓦尔多·爱默生的著作中汲取了灵感,他经常写作"与自然的联系".
In the early 1870s, Muir suggested that the movement of glaciers had shaped Yosemite Valley.
1870年代初,缪尔提出冰川运动已经形成了约塞米蒂谷.
At the time, most people thought that Yosemite had formed after an earthquake.
当时,大多数人认为约塞米蒂是地震后形成的.
Muir traveled deep into the mountains to look for signs of glaciers.
穆尔深入山区寻找冰川迹象.
In October 1871, his efforts paid off.
1871年10月,他的努力得到回报.
After tracking the paths of glaciers that had melted long before, he found an actual glacier.
在跟踪了已经融化了很久的冰川的路径后,他发现了一个实际的冰川.
He published an article about his idea, and it was later proved.
他发表了一篇关于他的想法的文章,后来得到证实.
People were beginning to pay attention to Muir.
人们开始关注穆尔。
Other people who studied and loved nature traveled to his cabin in Yosemite to meet him, including Emerson in 1871.
其他学习并热爱自然的人去他位于约塞米蒂的小屋接见他,包括1871年的爱默生.
El Capitan and Yosemite Falls are two features of Yosemite Valley.
埃尔卡皮坦和约塞米特瀑布是约塞米特谷的两个特征.
Nature Writer and Activist In 1873, Muir moved to Oakland, California, to write magazine articles about nature.
1873年,"自然作家"和"活动家"(Nature Writer and Activist)穆尔搬到了加利福尼亚州的奥克兰,撰写了有关"自然"的杂志文章.
He wrote to call attention to nature’s beauty and to ask people to protect it.
他写信呼吁人们注意大自然的美丽,并要求人们保护大自然。
In April 1880, Muir married Louisa (Louie) Wanda Strentzel.
1880年4月,缪尔与路易莎(英语:Louise (Louie))旺达·斯特伦策尔结婚.
He moved to her family’s fruit ranch.
他搬到她家的水果牧场。
After a long trip to Alaska, he cut back on his travels for seven years and worked on the ranch.
在去阿拉斯加的长途旅行后,他中断了七年的旅行,并在牧场工作.
However, Muir was unhappy with ranch work.
然而,穆尔对牧场工作不满意.
With Louie’s support, he started traveling again.
在路易的支持下,他重新开始出行.
Louie Wanda Strentzel Louie Wanda Strentzel (1847–1905) was the only child of Polish immigrants.
路易·旺达·斯特伦策尔·卢伊·旺达·斯特伦策尔(1847–1905)是波兰移民的独生子.
She received a formal education and achieved a perfect score in every subject she studied.
她接受了正规教育,在所学的每个科目中都取得了完美的分数.
She was musically gifted and could have been a concert pianist but preferred a quiet life on the family farm.
她有音乐天赋,本可以当音乐会钢琴家,但更喜欢在家庭农场过平静的生活.
Louie was supportive of her husband’s passion for nature areas but did not share it.
Louie支持她丈夫对自然区的热情,但并不认同。
They had two daughters, Wanda and Helen.
他们有两个女儿:旺达和海伦.
After traveling to Yosemite in 1889, Muir published two articles about the area’s beauty.
1889年前往约塞米蒂后,缪尔发表了两篇关于该地区美观的文章.
Other people worked with Muir by asking the government to protect Yosemite.
其他人与穆尔合作,要求政府保护约塞米蒂.
The next year, Yosemite became the third U.
次年,约塞米蒂成为了第三名U.
S.
师曰.
national park.
国家公园。
In 1892, Muir helped found the Sierra Club to keep the Sierra Nevada protected, and he became its first president.
1892年,缪尔帮助找到了塞拉俱乐部来保护内华达山,他也成为了它的第一任会长.
The Sierra Club is now a leading conservation organization.
塞拉会所现在是一个领先的保护组织.
In 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt asked to meet with Muir.
1903年,西奥多·罗斯福总统要求会见缪尔.
The president wanted to better understand the needs of wilderness areas in the West.
总统想更好地了解西部旷野地区的需要.
Honored, Muir took him on a camping trip into Yosemite.
很荣幸,穆尔带他去约塞米特野营
During the trip, Muir asked the president to set aside wilderness areas as protected parks.
在旅途中,穆伊尔要求总统将荒野地区作为被保护的公园.
As a result of that trip, more areas of Yosemite became part of the national park.
由于这次出行,更多的约塞米蒂地区成为了国家公园的一部分.
Roosevelt also set aside many other wilderness areas for protection.
罗斯福还留出了许多其他荒地进行保护.
President Theodore Roosevelt and John Muir stand on Glacier Point.
西奥多·罗斯福总统和约翰·缪尔站在冰川点上.
In his later years, Muir spent more time writing about his travels.
在他后期的岁月里,缪尔花费了更多的时间来写他的旅行.
He also led a twelve- year fight to protect a valley in Yosemite from being flooded by a dam.
他还率领了为期12年的战斗来保护约塞米特的一个山谷不被大坝淹没.
Even with efforts to stop the project, including a letter Muir wrote to government members, it was approved in 1913.
即使努力阻止该项目,包括穆伊尔写给政府成员的一封信,还是在1913年获得批准.
The fight raised awareness about the protection of wild places.
这场斗争提高了对野地保护的认识.
It also helped lead to the creation of the National Park Service (NPS) in 1916.
这也帮助促成了1916年国家公园服务(NPS)的建立.
The NPS set up stronger protections for all U.
核动力源为所有U提供了更强有力的保护。
S.
师曰.
national parks.
国家公园。
John Muir died on December 24, 1914.
约翰·缪尔于1914年12月24日去世.
Although he did not live to see the creation of the National Park Service, his efforts helped make it a reality.
尽管他没有活着看到国家公园服务的建立,他的努力帮助它成为现实.
Muir’s Legacy John Muir was a founding father of the conservation movement.
Muir的遗产约翰 缪尔是保护运动的创始人.
He was one of the first people to call for taking action to protect wild places.
他是最早呼吁采取行动来保护野地的人之一.
John Muir struggled for years to find his true path in life.
约翰·缪尔(英语:John Muir)多年来为寻找自己真正的人生道路而挣扎.
Yet nature always called to him, inviting him to know it better.
然而大自然总是召唤他,邀请他更了解它。
Over time, his purpose became clear.
随着时间的推移,他的目的变得明确.
Muir’s contributions to conservation have earned him a place of honor in American history.
Muir对保护的贡献为他赢得了美国历史上的荣誉.
Many nature areas and establishments, such as Muir Woods National Monument (right), bear John Muir’s name.
许多自然区和机构,例如Muir Woods国家纪念碑(右),都以John Muir为名。
Glossary article (n.)
词汇条款(n.)
a complete piece of writing that is part of a newspaper, magazine, or other media (p.
属于报纸、杂志或其他媒体(p.
11) awareness (n.)
11) 认识(不详)
(n.)
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(n.)
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