Giant Insects
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Biggest Beetle.
内容表 Biggest Beetle. 中国植物物种信息数据库.
4 Giant Insects.
4"巨型昆虫".
5 All Kinds of Beetles.
5"出自""出自""出自"一出"出自"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出"一出
6 Beetles, Beetles, Everywhere!
六只贝多,贝多,到处都是!
7 All in the Family.
7 全家传.
9 Speedy Beetles.
9个快活的贝多斯。
10 An African Home.
10 非洲家园。
11 The Circle of Life.
11 生命之圆.
13 An Immensely Interesting Insect.
13 一个非常有趣的昆虫。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Biggest Beetle Striped like a zebra and as agile as an acrobat, the Goliath beetle is one amazing insect!
16个最大的黄蜂 像斑马一样被剥去,像杂技演员一样敏捷地被剥去,高丽甲虫是一只惊人的昆虫!
Goliath beetles grow as big as sparrows and weigh nearly twice as much.
高丽甲虫长得和麻雀一样大,体重近一倍.
Their larvae are even bigger.
它们的幼虫甚至更大.
It’s no wonder Goliath beetles are considered giants of the insect world.
难怪高丽甲虫被认为是昆虫世界的巨人。
How Big Is It?
这么大?
Six Types of Goliath Beetles Fossils from three hundred million years ago prove there were once dragonflies with hawk-sized wingspans, but scientists think Goliath beetles have reached the size limit for modern insects.
三亿年前的"高丽蜜蜂化石"有六种类型,证明了曾经有带鹰相大小的翼展的蜻蜓,但科学家认为高丽蜜蜂已经达到了现代昆虫的尺寸极限.
Earth’s atmosphere contains less oxygen now than it did millions of years ago.
地球大气层现在的含氧量比数百万年前要少。
With less oxygen in the air, “monster insects”—at least, monsters bigger than Goliath beetles—are a thing of the past.
由于空气中的氧气较少,“怪物昆虫”——至少比高丽甲虫还大的怪物——已经过去。
A few modern-day beetles beat the Goliath in the length department.
少数现代甲虫在长度系中战胜了高丽人.
Rhinoceros beetles have massive horns that nearly double their overall body length.
犀牛甲虫有巨大的角,几乎是它们整体体长的两倍.
However, they can’t compare to Goliath beetles’ body size or weight, so Goliaths win as the heavyweight champs!
然而,他们无法与高丽甲虫的体型或体重相提并论,因此高丽人以重量级冠军的身份获胜!
All Kinds of Beetles The name “Goliath beetle” actually refers to six separate, related types of beetles.
所有种类的甲虫 “高丽甲虫”这个名称实际上是指六种独立的、相关的甲虫。
Most have black stripes on all or part of their bodies, which led early British scientists to call them “zebra beetles.”
多数人全身或部分身体有黑色条纹,这导致早期英国科学家称之为"斑马甲虫". “
No two beetles’ markings are identical, even within a single Goliath species.
甲虫的标记没有两种完全相同,即使在一个高丽物种内也是如此。
That makes it hard to identify various types of Goliath beetles.
这使得很难识别出各种类型的高丽甲虫.
Over the years, insect scientists thought they had identified over two dozen different types of Goliath beetles.
多年来,昆虫学家认为他们已经识别出20多种不同类型的高丽甲虫.
Today, though, experts agree that there are only six types.
然而今天,专家们一致认为只有6种类型.
Beetles come in all shapes and sizes, but Goliath beetles outweigh them all!
但高丽甲虫比它们都多!
Beetles, Beetles, Everywhere!
贝特斯,贝特斯,到处都是!
You’ve probably noticed ladybugs and other kinds of beetles in your neighborhood.
你可能注意到附近有虫子和其他种类的甲虫。
They might not appear to be much like Goliath beetles, but they have several features in common with the larger insects.
它们可能看起来不太像高丽甲虫,但它们与较大的昆虫有几种共同的特征.
For instance, all beetles have two pairs of wings: large, softer hind wings used for flying and smaller, harder front wings.
例如,所有的甲虫都有两对翅膀:大而软的后翅用于飞行和较小而更硬的前翅.
The front wings act like sturdy, protective armor and completely cover the more delicate hind wings when they aren’t in use.
正面的翅膀像坚固的护甲,
Insects have mouths that have adapted for different purposes.
昆虫有适应不同目的的口.
A butterfly’s mouth is suited for sipping nectar, and a mosquito’s mouth is suited for piercing skin.
一只蝴蝶的嘴很适合喝花蜜,
While beetles do sip tree sap, their mouths are particularly well suited for chewing.
虽然甲虫会吃一口树苗,但其口口特别适合咀嚼.
Many kinds of beetles can be found on flowers, where they feed on pollen or flower petals.
花上可以发现多种甲虫,它们以花粉或花瓣为食.
Goliath beetles, however, probably don’t feed on flowers.
Goliath甲虫可能不会吃花。
Scientists think the supersized insects are too heavy for flowers to support their weight.
科学家认为超大小的昆虫太重了花,无法支撑它们的重量.
What Makes a Goliath Beetle an Insect?
高丽贝多是什么?
All insects have • wings • legs with joints (most have six) • three main body parts: head, thorax, and abdomen • an outside skeleton Antennae can unfold to improve the beetle’s ability to sense its environment.
所有昆虫有翅膀 • 有关节的腿(大多数有6个) • 有三个主要身体部分:头部、胸口和腹部 • 外骨架 天线可以展开以提高甲虫感知其环境的能力.
Hardened wings protect the delicate flying wings.
硬翼会保护微妙的飞翼.
Male Goliath beetles have Y-shaped horns used for battle.
雄性高丽甲虫有Y形角用于战斗.
Sharp claws give Goliath beetles a strong grip for climbing.
锋利的爪子使高丽人甲虫有很强的攀爬力.
Goliath Beetle Antennae All in the Family There are more than one hundred different families of beetles.
歌利亚·比特尔·安特纳 甲虫有一百多个不同的家庭.
In scientific terms, an animal family is a group that shares similar features.
在科学方面,动物家族是一个具有类似特征的群体.
Goliath beetles belong to the scarab beetle family, a group that also includes rhinoceros and dung beetles.
高丽甲虫属(学名:Scarab beetle)是爵床目甲虫科下的一个属,又包括犀牛和粪甲虫.
All beetles use their antennae to detect odors and chemicals in their environment.
所有甲虫都使用它们的天线来检测它们环境中的臭味和化学品.
Scarab beetles’ antennae have a special shape, with separate, overlapping plates that can open like a fan.
Scarab甲虫的天线有特殊的外形,有单独的重叠板可以像扇子一样打开.
Opening the antennae increases their size, which scientists believe makes the antennae more sensitive.
打开天线会增加其体积,科学家认为这使得天线更加敏感.
Goliath beetles use their antennae to detect food, such as rotting fruit.
高丽甲虫用天线来探测食物,如腐烂的水果.
Male beetles also use their antennae to find mates.
雄性甲虫也用它们的天线来寻找伴侣.
Speedy Beetles You might think giant beetles would be slow and clumsy, but not Goliaths.
快速的蜂窝 你可能会认为巨型甲虫会很慢又笨拙,但不是高丽人.
They’re so skillful at flying that early insect collectors had to shoot Goliath beetles out of the sky to catch them!
早期的昆虫采集者不得不将高丽甲虫从天上射出,
Even today, scientists have trouble getting near them.
即使在今天,科学家也很难接近他们。
Scientist Dr.
科学家Dr.
Brett Ratcliffe explains, “They are very difficult to observe in nature.”
布雷特·拉特克利夫(Brett Ratcliffe)解释说,“它们很难在自然界中观察。 “
Much of what scientists know about Goliath beetles comes from studying captive insects.
科学家对高丽甲虫的了解大多出自研究被俘昆虫.
How do scientists find captive insects?
科学家如何找到被俘的昆虫?
Luckily, quite a few insect fans like to raise Goliath beetles as pets.
幸运的是,不少昆虫迷喜欢把高丽甲虫养成宠物.
Beetle Cold Case Workers at London’s Natural History Museum found several holes punched through the body of a Goliath beetle in the museum’s collection.
伦敦自然历史博物馆的Betle Cold Case工人在博物馆藏品中发现了从高丽甲虫身上被打出的若干个洞.
A scientist recently showed that the holes were actually gunshot wounds.
一名科学家最近显示,这些洞实际上是枪伤。
X-rays revealed a shotgun pellet still inside the beetle’s body.
X光显示甲虫体内还有一发猎枪弹。
On the basis of the location of the wounds on the body, the scientist reported that the beetle was shot while flying—upside down!
根据尸体上伤痕的位置,这位科学家报告说甲虫被射中了-向下飞去!
Expanding antennae help scarab beetles sense their environment.
扩大天线可以帮助斯卡拉布甲虫感受环境.
An African Home Goliath beetles live in tropical rainforests and dry grasslands in Africa.
一只非洲家园高丽甲虫生活在非洲的热带雨林和干燥草地.
These areas are warm year-round, with a dry season that lasts several months of the year.
这些地区全年温暖,旱季持续了数月.
Wild Goliath beetles feed on fruit that grows during the wet season.
野高丽甲虫以湿季生长的水果为食.
While they have mouths for chewing, they also feed on tree sap, which is most common during the wet season’s warm, humid conditions.
虽然它们有口可嚼,但也以树苗为食,这在湿季温暖潮湿的条件下最为常见.
Sharp claws help them scratch through bark to reach the sweet sap underneath.
锋利的爪子能帮助他们从树皮中划出 到达下面的甜味树苗
Goliath beetles sometimes gather on trees where food is plentiful.
高丽甲虫有时会聚集于食物充沛的树木上.
However, Goliaths spend most of their time on their own.
然而,高丽人大部分时间都独自度过.
“They are not social insects,” says Dr.
“他们不是社会昆虫。”
Ratcliffe.
拉特克利夫(英语:Ratcliffe).
Male Goliath beetles defend the best feeding sites against intruders.
雄性高丽甲虫保护着最好的食用场所 对抗入侵者
The heads of all male Goliaths have Y-shaped horns, which they use to push away other males.
所有雄性高丽人的头部有Y形角,用来推走其他雄性.
Scientists think that claiming the best feeding sites may help males attract females.
科学家认为,声称拥有最好的喂养地,可能有助于雄性吸引雌性.
Female Goliath beetles dig deep into the soil when they are ready to lay eggs.
雌性高丽甲虫在准备产卵时会深入地挖入土壤.
They may lay up to one hundred eggs at a time!
他们一次可能下一百个蛋!
The eggs hatch after about two weeks and the young larvae come out.
卵孵出大约两周后幼虫会出出.
The eyeless, wingless larvae spend all their time eating and growing.
无眼无翼的幼虫会花时间吃和生长.
They feed on rotting plant matter in the soil.
它们以土壤中腐烂的植物物质为食.
They may also eat smaller beetle larvae and adult insects.
它们也可能吃更小的甲虫幼虫和成虫.
Goliath larvae reach full size in about four months.
高丽幼虫在大约四个月后会达到全体.
The larger species can grow up to 5 inches (12.
较大的物种可以长到5英寸(12.
7 cm) in length—about as long as a dollar bill.
7厘米),长度大约为一美元纸币.
They can weigh up to 3.
它们能重达3个.
5 ounces (100 g)—about the same as five mice.
5盎司(100克)-大约与5只小鼠相同.
The Circle of Life When the wet season ends, the larvae burrow deeper underground until they reach sandy soil.
生命的圆圈 当湿季结束时,幼虫会潜入更深的地下,直到到达有沙质的土壤.
There, they build thin-walled “cells” similar to butterfly cocoons.
在那里,它们建立了类似于蝴蝶茧的薄壁"细胞".
Inside each cell, over the next several months, a larva’s body goes through changes and turns into its adult form.
在每一个细胞内,在接下来的几个月里,一个幼虫的身体会经历变化并变成成活体.
Wings and legs grow and fold into place, and the outside of the body hardens into a protective shell.
翅膀和腿会长出并折叠成正位,身体外出会硬化成保护外壳.
The adult Goliath beetle remains in hibernation inside the earthen cell until the end of the dry season.
成年高丽甲虫会留在地细胞内休眠至干季结束.
When the wet season begins again, moisture seeps through the ground.
当湿季再次开始时,水分会渗入地表.
When it reaches the cell, the hibernating beetle wakes and the cycle begins again.
到达细胞后,休眠的甲虫会苏醒并重新开始循环.
In captivity, adults can survive about eight months.
在囚禁期间,成年人可以活了大约8个月.
In the wild, though, Goliath beetles must find food and escape enemies.
不过在野外,高丽甲虫必须找食物并躲避敌人.
For these reasons, their life in the wild is probably much shorter.
由于这些原因,他们在野外的生活可能要短得多.
Scientists think that monkeys and large birds might eat Goliath beetles—if they can catch them.
科学家认为猴子和大型鸟类可能会吃高丽甲虫——如果他们能捕捉到它们的话.
Goliath beetles do such a good job of hiding in treetops that no one knows for sure.
高丽甲虫在树上躲藏的好工作 没人能肯定
Inside the cell, a developing Goliath grows legs and an outer skeleton.
在细胞内,发育中的高丽人会长出腿和外骨架.
After an egg hatches, a Goliath beetle goes through four more stages on its way to becoming an adult.
在卵孵出后,一只高丽甲虫在成年途中又经历了四个阶段.
An Immensely Interesting Insect Most of us have probably never seen insects larger than a grasshopper.
我们大部分人可能从未见过比一头大得多的昆虫
Imagine his reaction when a navy doctor fished the first-known Goliath beetle from an African river in 1766.
想象一下他在1766年海军医生从一非洲河中钓取了最早出名的高丽甲虫时的反应.
Since then, these giant beetles have interested insect fans everywhere.
此后,这些巨型甲虫到处都有对昆虫迷的兴趣.
No wonder!
难怪!
With their enormous size and flashy stripes, Goliath beetles are a sight to behold.
高丽甲虫以其巨大的体型和闪闪发光的条纹而成的景象。
Goliaths are speedy flying machines, heavyweight champs, and all-around awesome insects!
高丽人就是飞快的机器 重量级的冠军 还有全能的昆虫
Glossary adapted (v.)
调整后的词汇表(五)
changed to fit a new or specific situation or environment (p.
改为适应新的或特定的情况或环境(p.
7) agile (adj.)
7) 敏捷 (adj.
able to move quickly and accurately (p.
能够快速而准确地移动(p.
4) burrow (v.)
4) 穿洞 (五.
to dig a tunnel or hole (p.
用于挖地道或洞(p.
13) captive (adj.)
13)被俘(adj.
confined or without freedom (p.
受限制或没有自由(p.
10) features (n.)
10)特征 (n.
traits, characteristics, or parts of something (p.
特征,特征,或某物的部分(p.
7) larvae (n.)
7) 幼虫 (n.
baby animals that go through major body changes before they look like adult members of their kind (p.
婴儿动物在长相像同类成年成员之前,会经历重大身体变化(p.
4) scarab (n.)
4）圣甲虫（名词）
A male Goliath climbs on a human hand in Cameroon, Africa.
一只雄鸟在非洲喀麦隆爬上人手.