Past and Present
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents To Be the Best in the World.
目录 成为世界上最好的。
4 The Ancient Olympic Games.
4 古代奥林匹克运动会.
5 The Olympics Start Again.
5,奥运再起.
10 The Olympics Grow.
10,奥运会成长.
13 Today’s Olympics.
13 今日奥运会.
19 Glossary.
19 词汇表。
23 Index.
23 指数。
24 To Be the Best in the World Every two years, top athletes from around the world meet to play against each other in the Olympic Games.
24"成为世界最佳运动员"每两年出场一次,来自世界各地的顶级运动员相会,在奥运会中相遇.
Hundreds of countries compete in this huge sporting contest.
数百个国家在这场巨大的体育比赛中参赛.
The winner of each Olympic event receives a gold medal.
每届奥运会的得分获得一枚金牌.
A silver medal is given for second place and a bronze medal for third place.
一枚银牌被授予第二名,一枚铜牌被授予第三名.
Did you ever wonder where the Olympic Games came from?
你有没有想过奥运会是哪里来的?
The Olympic Games began almost 2,800 years ago in ancient Greece.
奥运会从近2800年前的古希腊开始.
María Colón of Cuba throws to win the women’s javelin final.
古巴的玛丽亚·科隆(María Colón)为赢得女子javelin决赛而出道.
She set a world and Olympic record of 68.
她创造了68个世界和奥运纪录.
4 meters on July 25, 1 980.
1880年7月25日为4米.
The Ancient Olympic Games Long ago, Greece was divided into several regions called city-states.
古代奥林匹克运动会 很久以前,希腊被划分为几个叫"城邦"的地区.
Each city-state had one main city.
每个城邦都有一个主城.
These city-states often fought wars against each other.
这些城邦经常互相出战.
In 776 bc, the people of Olympia, Greece, created the first Olympic Games.
希腊奥林匹亚人民在776 bc中创造了第一届奥运会.
The best athletes from all the city-states gathered to compete against each other.
来自各城邦最优秀的运动员相会相争.
The Games honored Zeus, the king of all the Greek gods.
游戏荣耀了宙斯 所有希腊神的国王
At first, the only events at the Olympics were races.
起初，奥运会只有赛跑项目。
But soon the Games grew to include fourteen different events.
但很快,奥运会发展到包括了14个不同的赛事.
Most contests took place in a stadium, but the chariot races were held on a special racetrack.
比赛大多在体育场进行,但赛车比赛是在特殊的赛道上进行.
Some of the events were dangerous.
其中一些事件是危险的。
Athletes were often hurt or even killed while competing in the ancient Games.
在古代游戏比赛中,运动员经常会受伤甚至被杀死.
Chariot races were violent; some athletes died while racing.
战车比赛激烈;有的运动员在赛跑中丧生.
Word Wise People often call the Olympic Games the Olympics.
Word Wise People常将奥运会称为"奥运会".
The Games are named after the city where they began— Olympia, Greece.
运动会以它们开始的城市命名——希腊奥林匹亚.
For some people, the Games had religious meaning as well.
对有些人来说,运动会也具有宗教意义。
Many people visited the huge statue of the god Zeus in the temple in Olympia.
许多人参观了奥林匹亚神庙中巨大的神宙斯雕像.
Others enjoyed the procession, or parade, of all the athletes.
其他人享受所有运动员的游行或游行。
And everyone came to a large feast.
所有人都来到了一个盛大的宴会。
Most importantly for all Greeks, the Olympics were a time of peace.
对所有希腊人来说,最重要的是奥运会是一个和平的时期。
The city-states agreed never to fight during the Games.
城邦同意在运动会期间永不出战.
People felt safe to travel throughout Greece each time the Olympics were held.
人们觉得旅行是安全的 每逢奥运会希腊举行.
T o the ancient Greeks, Zeus was the god of the sky and thunder.
古希腊人,宙斯是天空和雷神.
He is often shown holding a lightning bolt.
他经常被显示持有闪电。
The prize for first place was a simple olive branch.
获得第一名的奖项是一个简单的橄榄枝.
But the winners were honored throughout Greece.
但获奖者在希腊各地都享有荣誉.
Olympic champions were often given money by their hometowns to celebrate their victories.
奥运会冠军经常被家乡给钱来庆祝胜利.
The Olympic Games brought the ancient Greeks together.
奥运会将古希腊人聚集一堂.
Visitors to the Games gathered at the hotel, swimming pool, and sauna in Olympia.
运动会的游客聚集在奥林匹亚的酒店,游泳池和桑拿.
The Olympic grounds also included a market and a bank.
奥运会场地还包括一个市场和一个银行.
People often made business deals or held family reunions while they were in Olympia to see the Games.
人们经常在奥林匹亚看奥运会时进行商业交易或举行家庭团聚.
Originally, all Olympic athletes were men.
最初,所有奥运会运动员都是男子.
The Greeks did not allow adult women to compete in the Games or even to watch them.
希腊人不允许成年女子参加奥运会比赛,甚至不允许她们观看.
However, young girls were allowed to watch the Games.
然而,年轻女孩获准观看运动会。
In 470 bc, the Greeks created a separate festival for female athletes.
在470 bc中,希腊人为女运动员单独创建了节日.
In 146 bc, the Roman Empire took over Greece, but the Games continued.
146 bc中,罗马帝国占领了希腊,但奥运会仍在继续.
Then around ad 393, the Roman leader Theodosius (thee-oh-DOH-shuhs), a Christian, ended the Games.
后于公元393年左右由基督教徒罗马领袖西奥多修斯(the-oh-DOH-shuhs)结束奥运会.
He stopped all festivals that honored the Greek gods.
他停止了所有纪念希腊诸神的节日活动.
People no longer came to Olympia for the Games.
人们不再来奥林匹亚参加奥运会.
But the legend of the Games was kept alive in the pottery, statues, and writings of the time.
但游戏会的传说被活活地保存在当时的陶器,雕像和作文中.
In the early Games, most Olympic athletes competed nude or wearing only small shorts.
在早期的奥运会中,大多数奥运运动员裸体或只穿小短裤.
Some of the ancient footraces required runners to carry heavy shields as they ran.
一些古老的徒步赛需要跑者在跑步时携带重盾.
The Olympics Start Again More than one thousand years later, people still heard stories about the Olympics.
奥运会重新开始 一千多年后,人们仍然听到有关奥运会的故事.
Many historians wanted to find the location of Olympia.
许多历史学家想找到奥林匹亚的位置.
In the 1700s, teams began searching for the Olympic grounds.
1700年代,球队开始寻找奥运会场地.
By the 1890s, historians had found most of the old buildings.
到1890年代,历史学家已经发现了大部分老建筑.
A man who lived in France became interested in the search for Olympia.
一个住在法国的人开始对寻找奥林匹亚感兴趣.
He had heard about the ancient Games.
他听说过古代的游戏
He liked the fact that they stood for peaceful competition.
他喜欢他们支持和平竞争。
He wanted to start a new worldwide sporting contest.
他想开始一场新的世界体育比赛。
He formed the International Olympic Committee, or IOC, in 1894.
他在1894年组建了国际奥林匹克委员会,即国际奥委会.
HU037364 The International Olympic Committee decided that the new Olympic Games would focus on peaceful competition and the love of sports.
HU037364 (韩语). 国际奥林匹克委员会决定,新一届奥林匹克运动会将注重和平竞争和热爱体育.
In keeping with the spirit of the ancient Games, the IOC didn’t want athletes to compete for money.
与古代运动会的精神一致,国际奥委会不希望运动员争取金钱.
Champions would get a silver medal and an olive branch.
冠军将获得银牌和橄榄枝.
Professional (paid) athletes would not be allowed to compete in the Games.
职业(有薪)运动员不得参加运动会比赛.
The men’s weightlifting winners receive their medals at the 1936 Games in Berlin, Germany.
男子举重获奖者在1936年德国柏林奥运会获得奖牌.
Greece held the first modern Olympic Games in 1896.
希腊于1896年举办了第一届现代奥林匹克运动会.
Thousands of people came to watch.
有上千人前来观想.
Two hundred athletes came from fourteen countries to compete.
共有200名运动员从14个国家来参加比赛.
The new Games were a success!
新运动会成功!
Olympics T rivia The marathon race featured in the first modern Olympics comes from the story of Pheidippides (fy-DIP-ih-dees), a Greek soldier.
奥运会 首届现代奥运会所展示的马拉松赛事出自希腊士兵Pheidippides (fy-DIP-ih-dees)的故事.
After the Greeks won a great battle on the fields of Marathon, Pheidippides was told to run to Athens—over 40 kilometers (26 mi) away—to tell the city about the victory.
在希腊人在马拉松战场上赢得了一场大战后,Pheidippides被告知要跑去雅典——40多公里(26米)外——向城市讲述这场胜利.
Pheidippides ran the entire way to the city, shouted out the news, and fell down dead of exhaustion.
Pheidippides跑遍了整个城市,大声喊出消息来,并因疲惫而倒下.
Modern marathons cover the same distance that Pheidippides ran.
现代马拉松覆盖了与菲迪皮德斯所跑的同距离.
Athletes run in the men’s marathon during the 2008 Summer Games in B e i jing, China.
2008年中国B e i jing夏季运动会期间,运动员跑入男子马拉松.
The Olympic flag is lowered at the closing ceremony of the 2008 Summer Games in Beijing, China.
2008年中国北辰夏季运动会闭幕式上奥运会会旗被降下.
The next two Olympics were not as successful.
后两届奥运没有那么成功.
The athletes lived in poor conditions.
运动员生活环境恶劣.
Bad weather ruined many events.
恶劣的天气毁了许多事件。
Organizers learned from their mistakes, and the new Olympic Games eventually became famous and popular around the world.
组织者从自己的错误中吸取了教训,而新的奥运会最终名声大噪并在全世界流行.
The Olympics Grow In 1906, the Olympics adopted the ancient tradition of an opening parade.
奥运会的成长 1906年,奥运会采纳了开放游行的古老传统.
Athletes carried the flags of their countries as they walked into the stadium.
运动员走入体育场时举起本国国旗.
From then on, each Olympics included a colorful opening ceremony.
从那时起,每届奥运会都包含有多彩的开幕式.
In 1920, a new Olympic flag was used in many ceremonies.
1920年,在许多仪式中使用了一面新的奥运会会旗.
The connected rings on the flag represent the settled continents of the world working together in peace.
国旗上相连的环代表着世界各大陆的定居地和平地共同努力。
France hosted the first Olympic Winter Games in 1924.
法国于1924年主办了第一届冬季奥林匹克运动会.
More than 250 athletes, including 11 women, came to compete.
250多名运动员,包括11名女运动员来参加比赛.
One female ice skater was 12-year-old Sonja Henie (SOWN-yuh HEN-ee) from Norway.
一名女子滑冰运动员是来自挪威的12岁的Sonja Henie(SOWN-yuh HEN-ee)。
She fell and finished last in her event.
她摔倒了,最后完成了她的活动。
But Henie came back four years later.
但四年后赫尼又回来了.
She won gold medals in the 1928, 1932, and 1936 Winter Games.
她在1928年,1932年和1936年冬季运动会中都获得了金牌.
Henie became famous and went on to star in films and large ice shows.
赫尼出名后继续出演电影和大型冰上剧.
In 1928, women officially began to compete in the Summer Games.
1928年,女子正式开始参加夏季运动会的比赛.
After that, the list of events for women grew every year.
此后,女性活动列表逐年增长.
Norwegian Olympic skater Son ja Henie In 1936, the torch relay began.
挪威奥运会花样滑冰运动员 Son ja Henie 1936年,火炬接力开始.
Now at the opening ceremony of each Olympics, the final runner in the relay hands the torch to a special guest.
现在在每届奥运会开幕式上,接力赛中最后的跑者将火炬交给一位特邀嘉宾.
This guest uses the torch to light the Olympic flame that burns during the Games.
这位嘉宾用火炬点燃了奥运会期间燃烧的奥运会火焰.
The guest is often a past Olympic champion.
嘉宾经常是过去的奥运会冠军.
Olympics T rivia The first symbolic Olympic torch was lit in 1928.
奥运会 1928年首次燃起象征意义的奥运会火炬.
In 1936, the tradition of running the torch relay began.
1936年,"火炬接力"的运行传统开始.
The relay torch is lit in Olympia.
接力火炬在奥林匹亚点燃.
Then, runners carry the torch from Olympia to the new host city.
随后,跑者将火炬从奥林匹亚带到了新的东道城市.
Each runner passes the torch by hand to the next.
每个跑者手把火炬递到下一个
The torch travels through several countries and across oceans before arriving at the Games.
火炬在到达奥运会前穿越了多个国家并跨越了海洋.
American boxing legend Muhammad Ali lights an Olympic torch as part of the relay before the 2002 Olympics.
作为2002年奥运会前接力的一部分,美国拳击传奇穆罕默德·阿里点出一盏奥运会火炬.
Ali won a gold medal in the 1960 Games in Rome, Italy.
阿里在意大利罗马举行的1960年运动会中获得一等金牌.
Sometimes the peaceful goal of the Olympic Games is threatened.
奥林匹克运动会的和平目标有时受到威胁。
Wars have canceled three Olympics.
战争取消了三次奥运会.
At the 1936 Berlin Olympics, the Nazis tried to use the Games to spread their racist ideas.
在1936年柏林奥运会上,纳粹试图利用奥运会传播他们的种族主义思想.
Their plans were upset by the amazing gold-medal triumph of runner Jesse Owens, an African American.
他们的计划被一个非裔美国人跑者杰西·欧文斯的惊人的金 Medal胜利所困扰.
In 1972, terrorists took nine of Israel’s Olympic athletes hostage.
1972年,恐怖分子将9名以色列奥林匹克运动员扣为人质.
Seventeen people were killed.
17人被害.
At the 1996 Games, a bomb killed one person and hurt more than one hundred others.
在1996年运动会中,一枚炸弹炸死了一人并打伤了一百多人.
Jesse Owens set several world records and became famous as a college track star before competing in the Olympics.
杰西·欧文斯设定了数个世界纪录,在参加奥运会比赛前以大学田径明星出名.
The Olympic flag The Olympics cost a large amount of money to organize.
奥运会会旗 奥运会组织经费巨大.
The IOC raises money by selling products related to the Olympics.
国际奥委会通过销售与奥运相关的产品来筹集资金.
Many companies pay the IOC for permission to broadcast the Olympics on television.
许多公司向国际奥委会支付电视转播奥运会的许可费.
Others pay for the right to put the Olympic logo on their products.
其他人则支付将奥运会标志贴入产品的权利.
The IOC decides which sports will be in the Olympics.
国际奥委会决定哪些体育将参加奥运会.
The IOC also schedules the Games.
国际奥委会还安排了本届奥运会。
The Summer Games and Winter Games are now held two years apart.
夏季运动会和冬季运动会目前相隔两年举行.
Today’s Olympics Today’s Olympic athletes are stronger than ever because of advances in equipment and training.
今天的奥运会 今天的奥运运动员比以往更强大,因为装备和训练的进步.
In 1924, the winner of the men’s 50-kilometer (31-mi) cross-country ski race won in 3 hours and 45 minutes.
1924年,男子50公里(31-mi)越野滑雪比赛的冠军以3小时45分取胜.
In 2010, the winner of the same race finished in 2 hours and 5 minutes.
2010年同名赛事的冠军以2小时5分完成.
For many Olympic athletes, training is almost a full-time job.
对许多奥运会运动员来说,培训几乎是全职工作.
Athletes often begin their training while they are still young.
运动员在年轻时经常开始训练.
Many countries have built special Olympic training centers for their athletes to use.
许多国家为运动员建立了专门的奥林匹克训练中心供运动员使用。
The pressure to win can be strong.
取胜的压力可以很大.
Some athletes try to gain an unfair advantage by cheating.
一些运动员试图通过作弊来获得不公平的优势.
Some have secretly used drugs to win.
有些人秘密使用药物取胜.
Y oung American gymnasts practice at a training center.
Y oung 美国体操运动员在训练中心练习.
Monique Henderson helped her team win a gold medal in the 4x400 meter relay race in the 2008 Summer Games.
莫妮克·亨德森(Monique Henderson)在2008年夏季运动会的4×400米接力比赛中帮助她的球队赢得了一枚金牌.
Officials test Olympic athletes for drug use.
官员测试奥运运动员吸毒.
Winners who fail a drug test can lose their medals.
未通过药检的胜出者会失去奖牌.
Marion Jones was a great track star from the United States who won five medals at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
马里昂·琼斯是一位来自美国的优秀田径明星,曾于2000年夏季奥运会中获得5枚奖牌.
She had to return all her medals when she admitted using drugs to run faster.
当她承认使用药物跑得更快时,她不得不归还她所有的奖牌.
Judges sometimes cheat to help their countries win.
法官有时为了帮助本国取胜而作弊.
Some give the wrong points to athletes on purpose.
有些人故意给运动员打错分.
Other judges cheat by trading points with judges from other countries.
其他法官通过与其他国家的法官进行交易而作弊。
The flawless performance of Canadian figure- skating pair Jamie Sale and David Pelletier was finally awarded gold after a j udging scandal was uncovered.
加拿大人物的完美表现——花样滑冰的一对杰米·萨利和大卫·佩莱埃在J出丑闻被揭穿后最终被授予了金牌.
Olympic organizers work hard to keep the Games honest and fair for everyone.
奥林匹克组织者努力维护奥运会的诚实和公平。
The Olympics continue to grow bigger and more popular.
奥运会规模持续扩大并更受欢迎.
Many people enjoy watching the world’s best athletes compete.
许多人喜欢看世界最佳运动员的比赛。
And the Games often have amazing surprises.
而"游戏会"经常会有惊人的惊喜.
But the wonder of the Olympics comes from their rich history.
但奥运会的奇迹来自他们丰富的历史.
The Olympics show that peaceful sporting contests among different countries are still exciting, even after all these centuries!
奥运会显示,不同国家的和平体育比赛仍然令人振奋,即使在这些世纪之后!
Janica Kostelic (YON-it-suh KA W-stel-itch) became a national hero in Croatia when she won three gold medals and one silver medal in the 2002 Winter Games.
雅妮卡·克斯特利克(英语:Yon-it-suh KA W-stel-itch)在2002年冬季运动会中获得三枚金牌和一枚银牌后,成为克罗地亚的民族英雄.