The Subtropics
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Expedition 25.
目录 远征 25.
4 Beyond the Tropics.
4个 超越热带。
5 Recipe for Making Deserts.
5 制作沙漠食谱。
6 Deserts in the North.
6个沙漠在北方。
7 Deserts in the South.
南方七地沙漠.
11 Deserts Next to Oceans?
海洋旁边的11个沙漠?
14 Conclusion.
14 结论。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Expedition 25 On Expedition 25, we’ll explore the world at twenty-five degrees north and south latitude (written as 25°N and 25°S latitude).
16 Expedition 25 On Expedition 25,我们将在北纬和南纬25度(写作:25°N和25°S)探索世界.
On the map above, each of these latitude lines circles Earth about 1,725 miles (2,775 km) north or south of the equator.
在上方的地图上,这些纬线中的每一条环绕地球约1,725英里(2,775公里)的赤道以北或以南.
Even though these latitudes are far apart, the climate at both of them is similar because they are the same distance from the equator.
虽然这些纬度相去相去甚远,但由于与赤道相去相去相去相去相去相去相去甚远,所以两者的气候相去甚远.
What do you think the climate in these areas is like?
你认为这些地区的气候是怎样的?
to need it!)
需要这个! )
Beyond the Tropics Traveling at 25°N and 25°S latitude, we’re just outside the tropical zone, or tropics, which is the region of Earth that is closest to the equator.
25°处的热带上空 N和25° S纬度,我们正处在热带地区之外, 即热带地区, 这是地球最靠近赤道的地区。
The boundaries of the tropical zone are the Tropic of Cancer at 23.
热带地区的分界线是23分的"癌症热带".
5°N latitude and the Tropic of Capricorn at 23.
5°N纬度和摩羯的热带地处23.
5°S latitude.
5°S 纬度.
The regions we’ll be traveling to lie in the latitudes just beyond the tropics in the subtropical zone.
我们将前往亚热带地区的纬度,
Recipe for Making Deserts Unlike the hot, rainy tropical zone near the equator, the subtropics receive very little rain.
制造沙漠的食谱 与赤道附近的炎热多雨的热带地区不同,亚热带地区得到的降雨很少.
That’s because high pressure in the atmosphere keeps hot, dry air stuck in place over the subtropics.
这是因为大气中高压使亚热带上空的热干空气坚守到底。
That same high pressure also keeps rainfall in the subtropics to a minimum—less than ten inches per year in many places.
同样的高压还使亚热带地区的降雨量保持在每年最少不到10英寸的地段。
The result of these climate patterns is a predictable band of deserts that circle Earth at these latitudes.
这些气候模式的结果是 一群可以预测的沙漠 围绕这些纬度环绕地球
Hop in the plane and let’s go visit some of them!
上飞机去拜访一下他们吧!
Cool, dry air moves away from the equator high in the atmosphere.
凉爽干燥的空气在大气中从赤道高地移动.
Hot air moves toward the equator and picks up moisture.
热空气向赤道移动 取出水分
Dry air returns to ground level in the subtropics and warms up.
干燥的空气在亚热带地区会回落到地平面并变暖.
Moist air rises and forms rain clouds in the tropics.
湿气起而成雨云于热带.
Why the Subtropics Tend to Be Dry Rain falls in the tropics.
亚热带地区为什么滕德到干燥地降下热带地区.
Subtropics Less than 10 inches of rain per year in many places Tropics Between 40 and 80 inches of rain per year in most places EUROPE AFRICA SOUTH AMERICA NORTH AMERICA ASIA Equator AUSTRALIA Tropic of Cancer Northern Subtropics Tropic of Capricorn Southern Subtropics The subtropics are home to many of the world’s great deserts.
多数地区每年的热带雨量在40-80英寸之间, 亚热带地区是世界上许多大沙漠的家园.
(Inset) A cowboy herds cattle in Australia.
(Inset)澳大利亚的牛仔牛群.
Deserts in the North For hours, you’ve been flying over northern Africa at 25°N latitude.
北部沙漠数小时以来, N纬度.
You are over the world’s largest desert, the Sahara.
撒哈拉沙漠。
The word Sahara means “desert” in Arabic, the language spoken in much of North Africa.
撒哈拉一词在阿拉伯语中意为“沙漠”,这是北非大部分地区的语言。
The Sahara is as big as the entire United States.
撒哈拉和整个美国一样大。
As you look at the desert from high above, you see dunes—huge mountains of sand that look like golden ocean waves—but there are few signs of people.
当你从上方望去沙漠时,你可以看到沙丘, 沙丘的山脉, 看起来像金色的海浪, 但几乎没有人的迹象。
Cairo, Egypt—City on the Nile You land at Cairo, Egypt, located at 30°N latitude.
埃及开罗——尼罗河畔城市 你降落在埃及开罗,位于30° N纬度.
When you step off the plane, the first things you notice are grit in your mouth and the sting of dust in your nose.
当你从飞机上下来时,你注意到的第一件事是嘴里含着克瑞特语,鼻子被灰尘所刺.
Sand from the Sahara swirls through the air and covers everything.
撒哈拉出土出土的沙子从空中挥来并覆盖了一切.
This big capital city is home to several million people.
这个大都城有上百万人居住.
The Nile River flows through the center of Cairo.
尼罗河流经开罗市中心.
It is Egypt’s main source of water.
它是埃及的主要水源。
The Sahara Desert in North Africa is a vast ocean of sand.
北非撒哈拉沙漠是一片广阔的沙地.
The Nile River passes through the city of Cairo.
尼罗河经过开罗市.
The Nile made it possible for one of the world’s great ancient civilizations to thrive here.
尼罗河使世界上伟大的古代文明之一得以在此兴起。
You can still see its gigantic monuments on the edge of Cairo—the Pyramids of Giza, which are more than four thousand years old.
你仍然可以看到它在开罗边缘的巨大遗迹——吉萨的金字塔,它们已有四千多年的历史。
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia—Capital in the Desert Next stop is Riyadh (ree-ODD), Saudi Arabia, at 24°N latitude.
沙特阿拉伯利雅得 首都沙漠下一站是利雅得(Ree-ODD),沙特阿拉伯,位于24° N纬度.
Like Cairo, it is hot and dry.
和开罗一样,它热而干燥。
But unlike Egypt, Saudi Arabia has no rivers.
但与埃及不同的是,沙特阿拉伯没有河流.
Much of the water that people use here comes from underground wells or is pumped from the sea.
这里人们使用的水大多取自地下井或取自出海.
The people of Riyadh use desalination to remove salt from the seawater to provide fresh water for drinking and for watering crops.
利雅得人民利用海水去除海水中的盐分来提供饮用水和取水作物的淡水.
As in Egypt, most people in Saudi Arabia speak Arabic and practice the religion of Islam.
同埃及一样,沙特阿拉伯的大多数人讲阿拉伯语并信奉伊斯兰教。
The Sphinx, a huge stone figure with a lion’s body and a person’s head, guards the Pyramids of Giza.
狮身人面像,是一个巨大的石头人物,有狮子的尸体和一个人的头,守护着吉萨的金字塔.
Riyadh is the capital of Saudi Arabia, with a population of over 4.
利雅得是沙特阿拉伯的首都,人口超过4人.
8 million people.
八百万众生.
Deserts in the South Ayers Rock, Australia Crossing over into the Southern Hemisphere, you land at 23°S latitude, in Alice Springs, the heart of Australia’s desert lands.
澳大利亚南爱尔斯岩的沙漠 越过南半球,你降落在23° S纬度,位于澳大利亚沙漠地心的爱丽丝·斯普林斯.
Aboriginal people, Australia’s first residents, settled here tens of thousands of years ago.
原住民,澳大利亚最早的居民,数万年前就在此定居.
You take a jeep across the flat, red desert floor to Ayers Rock, called Uluru (oo-Loo-roo) by the Anangu (ON- ung-oo) people.
你坐吉普车穿过平地上,红色的沙漠地层去阿耶斯岩,被阿南古人称为"乌鲁鲁"(Ou-Loo-roo).
They consider it a sacred place.
他们认为这是神圣的地方。
Artwork on nearby rock walls illustrates their long history.
相邻岩石墙上的艺术品说明了他们的悠久历史.
Other Australians living here are of European descent and speak mainly English.
其他居住在此地的澳大利亚人有欧洲血统,主要说英语.
Many of their ancestors came to Alice Springs in the early 1900s to mine rubies and gold.
他们的许多祖先于1900年代初来到了爱丽丝斯普林斯(英语:Alice Springs)去开采红宝石和黄金.
Africa and South America After flying directly west over the Indian Ocean, you come to Namibia in Africa.
非洲和南美洲 在直接向西飞越印度洋之后,你们来到了非洲的纳米比亚.
The Namib Desert covers much of this country.
纳米布沙漠覆盖了这个国家的大部分地区.
The desert is home to desert elephants, which roam great distances in search of seasonal water holes.
沙漠是沙漠象的家园,它们为寻找季节性水洞而相去甚远.
Ayers Rock is a large sandstone formation.
艾尔斯岩是大型砂岩形成.
Australia Ayers Rock 25°S Most elephants live in grasslands.
澳大利亚 Ayers Rock 25°S 大象多活于草地.
Namibia is home to some of the only desert-dwelling elephants in the world.
纳米比亚是世界上唯一栖息于沙漠的大象的家园。
Continuing west at 25°S latitude, you arrive at the Atacama Desert in Chile.
25°继续向西 S纬度,你到达智利的阿塔卡玛沙漠
In some places in the Atacama, it hasn’t rained for over ten years!
在阿塔卡马的一些地方,
Scientists have found nine- thousand-year-old mummies of native people in the Atacama that have been perfectly preserved in the dry desert air.
科学家在阿塔卡马发现有九千多年前的原住民木乃伊,这些木乃伊被完美地保存在干燥的沙漠空气中.
Deserts Next to Oceans?
海洋旁边的沙漠?
One thing that may seem strange is that both the Namib and the Atacama deserts lie next to oceans.
纳米布沙漠和阿塔卡马沙漠都位于海洋旁边,这似乎有点奇怪。
Normally, the waters of the oceans would provide the moisture to create rainfall in the lands next to them.
通常情况下,海洋的水会提供水分,以在相邻的土地上产生降雨.
However, in both of these regions, cold currents in the oceans prevent the coastal waters from evaporating and forming rain clouds.
然而,在这两个区域,海洋中的冷流会防止沿海水域蒸发并形成雨云.
Ocean waves crash onto desert shores in the subtropics.
海洋波浪在亚热带的沙漠海岸相撞
Atacama Desert and Pacific Ocean Namib Desert and South Atlantic Ocean Deep cracks form in the dry mud in the high Atacama Desert.
阿塔卡马沙漠和太平洋 Namib沙漠和南大西洋 深裂形成于高地阿塔卡马沙漠干燥泥地.
Conclusion During Expedition 25, you discovered that most of the world’s deserts are located between twenty and thirty degrees latitude.
在远征25号期间,你发现 世界上大部分的沙漠位于纬度20到30度之间。
You learned about some of the climate factors that keep these areas dry, both in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
你了解了北半球和南半球 保持这些地区干燥的一些气候因素。
You also visited some of the cities at these latitudes.
你也参观了这些纬度上的一些城市.
I hope you enjoyed our travels to the desert lands of the subtropics.
我希望你喜欢我们去亚热带沙漠的旅程
Aboriginal people have been living successfully in subtropical Australia for tens of thousands of years.
土著居民在亚热带澳大利亚成功生活了上万年.