Electric Eels!
美音、自然拼读、分级阅读与词汇复习
Table of Contents Legendary Shocker.
内容表 传奇震撼器.
4 It’s a Fish!
4个 这是鱼!
6 It’s Electric!
6号是Electric!
9 Stunning Attack.
9出击.
12 Don’t Swim There!
12,别在那里游泳!
13 Future Energy Source.
13 未来能源来源。
15 Glossary.
15 词汇。
16 Legendary Shocker German naturalist Alexander Humboldt went to Venezuela to catch electric eels in 1800.
16名传奇震撼者 德国自然学家 1800年亚历山大·洪堡去委内瑞拉接电鳗.
He knew living electric eels could help him solve some mysteries about electricity.
他知道活生生的电鳗可以帮助他解开一些关于电的奥秘.
He knew not to touch the eels with his bare hands.
他知道不要赤手空拳去碰鳗鱼
Their shocks could cause great pain.
他们的冲击会造成极大的痛苦。
He asked some fishermen if they could help.
他问一些渔民,他们是否可以提供帮助。
Humboldt spent five years exploring South America.
洪堡花了五年时间探索南美洲.
Shocking Fish Story Recently, a scientist confirmed that eels do rise up to protect themselves, as Humboldt reported.
震惊的"鱼事" 最近,一位科学家证实,如洪堡所报道的,鳗鱼的确是为了保护自己而起.
Before that, some scientists thought Humboldt’s story might be exaggerated, like any fish story.
在此之前,一些科学家认为洪堡的故事可能被夸大了,就像任何鱼类的故事一样.
Humboldt watched as the fishermen led about thirty horses into a shallow pond.
洪堡看着渔民们带领大约30匹马跑入一个浅水池.
He described how the snakelike eels rose up to deliver hundreds of shocks to the horses.
他描述了蛇等鳗鱼如何起起来给马们提供上百个冲击.
After the eels became tired and stopped shocking, the fishermen caught five of them.
在鳗鱼疲惫而不再令人震惊后,渔民们抓住了其中五只.
Humboldt learned much about the eels.
洪堡对鳗鱼了解甚多.
A picture made from Humboldt’s writing about fishing for eels with horses shows how powerful electric eels are.
洪堡写道用马钓鳗鱼,
It’s a Fish!
这是鱼!
Electric eels are long gray-brown fish with yellow or orange on their throats.
电鳗为长灰色褐色鱼,喉部为黄色或橙色.
These cylinder-shaped fish are more like catfish than other eels.
这些圆柱形的鱼比起其他的鳗鱼,更像 cat鱼.
The group they belong to is called knifefish, which all have some ability to use electricity.
他们所属的群体被称作"刀鱼",它们都有一定的用电能力.
Electric eels can grow as long as 2 to 3 meters (7–10 ft.)
电鳗可长至2至3米(7至10英尺).
They can weigh as much as 20 to 22 kilograms (44–48 lb.)
它们可重达20至22公斤(44至48磅).
Altogether, they can be about as big around as an average adult human’s thigh and four times as long.
大约是成年人大腿的四倍长。
Male and female electric eels are alike in color and size.
雄性与雌性电鳗在颜色和体型上都是一样的.
Electric Eel Facts Scientific Name Electrophorus electricus Animal Type Fish Diet Fish, crustaceans, and amphibians Length 2 to 3 meters (7–10 ft.)
鱼、甲壳动物和两栖动物的长度为2至3米(7至10英尺)
Weight 20 to 22 kilograms (44–48 lb.)
重量20至22公斤(44至48磅)
Unlike most other fish, electric eels breathe air through their mouths.
与其他大多数鱼类不同的是,电鳗通过口中呼吸出空气.
They have gills.
他们有 gi.
However, they mostly use their gills to help them breathe out.
然而,它们大多使用 gi来帮助呼吸出.
Electric eels open their mouths above the water to breathe air in through special organs in their mouths.
电鳗在水上方开口,通过口中的特殊器官呼吸出空气.
The waste air that they breathe out goes through their mouths and gills.
他们呼吸出来的废气会从口和 gi中流出.
Electric eels need air every few minutes and can drown if they get trapped underwater.
电鳗每几分钟需要空气,被困入水下即可被淹死.
Electric eels breathe air through their mouths.
电鳗从口中呼吸出空气.
Like most other fish, electric eels have fins and a backbone.
和大多数其他鱼类一样,电鳗有鳍和骨干.
They have small fins on either side of their heads and a long fin on their bellies from head to tail.
它们头部两侧有小鳍并有从头到尾的长鳍.
Their backbones and fins help them move.
它们的骨干和鳍能帮助它们移动.
Electric eels wave their belly fins in an S-shape to swim, which they do quite slowly.
电鳗以S-形状挥起肚鳍来游泳,它们这样做相当缓慢.
They move quickly only when they attack.
他们只有在进攻时才能迅速行动.
Shocking Fact Electric eels can regrow the tail parts of their bodies if they’re cut off.
如果被切断, 电动鳗鱼可以重生身体的尾部。
Other Electric Fish Shocking Medical History Don’t try this at home!
其他电鱼震撼医学史 别在家里尝试这个!
Ancient Greeks and Romans held live electric rays to people’s foreheads to cure headaches.
古希腊人和罗马人将活电射线接到人们的额头来治疗头痛.
A ray’s shock can cause numbness in humans, so it might have worked!
射线的冲击会对人类造成麻木,
It’s Electric!
这是Electric!
An electric eel is the most electric fish on Earth.
电取鳗是地球上电取量最大的鱼类.
Scientists know that electric eels can navigate, communicate, protect themselves, hunt, and stun or kill prey using their bioelectricity.
科学家们知道,有电的鳗鱼可以利用它们的生物电能来导航,交流,保护自己,打猎,并击晕或杀死猎物.
Bioelectricity is the action of electric currents in a body.
生物电能是电流在体内的作用.
Scientists know that other knifefish and some skates, rays, and catfish use bioelectricity, too.
科学家们知道,其他刀鱼和一些滑冰,射线,和 cat鱼也使用生物电能.
Those fish can navigate, communicate, or protect themselves, but none have the zapping power of an electric eel.
这些鱼可以导航,通信,或保护自己,但无一鱼具有电鳗的振荡力.
Shocking Fact If an electric eel curls its head toward its tail, the move increases the eel’s shocking power.
震惊的事实 如果一头被电动的鳗鱼向尾部卷曲,
Three organs produce an electric eel’s shocks.
三个器官产生电生鳗的冲击.
The organs start just behind the eel’s head and make up two-thirds of its body.
器官从鳗鱼的头部开始,
An eel’s body is like a battery with the positive end at the head and the negative end at the tail.
鳗鱼的身体就像电池,头部有正端,尾部有负端.
Three Electric Organs The electric eel has three electric organs.
三台电动机关 电鳗有3个电动器官.
It has a main organ (1) and two smaller organs (2 and 3).
它有一个主要机关(1)和两个较小的机关(2和3)。
An electric eel can shock prey with up to 650 volts of electricity.
电生鳗能以高达650伏特的电能来冲击猎物.
It’s a shock that can kill small animals and stun large ones.
造成小型动物死亡,
Anything in the water within 9 meters (28 ft.)
9公尺(28公尺)以内水中的任何物.
of the eel can feel it.
鳗鱼可以感觉到它。
For comparison, electric eels have five times more volts than a typical U.
相较之下,电鳗的电压是典型U的5倍.
S.
师曰.
wall socket—which can be dangerous to people.
墙上插座对人们来说是危险的。
Electric eels can’t feel their own shocks, but scientists aren’t sure why.
但科学家并不知道为什么。
It might be because of their size or how the shock moves.
这可能是因为他们的大小或震荡是如何移动的。
It also might be because of some part of the eel that scientists don’t understand.
也可能是因为部分鳗鱼,
Scientists do know that eels have special cells called electrocytes.
科学家们知道鳗鱼有特殊的细胞叫做电细胞.
Electrocytes line up in long rows, and each one delivers a tiny shock at nearly the same time.
电囊排成长行,每条电囊几乎同时发出微小的冲击.
Together, they create the electric eel’s stunning attack ZAP!
他们共同制造出电鳗惊人的攻击ZAP!
Stunning Attack Before an attack zap happens, electric eels have to find their prey.
在攻击Zap发生之前 电鳗必须找到猎物
Murky water and poor sight don’t help.
冷水和视力不佳也无济于事。
Electric eels are also nocturnal, or most active at night.
电鳗也为夜行,或最活跃于夜间.
They use small shocks instead of their eyes to see prey.
它们使用小冲击来代替眼睛来看到猎物.
They hunt much like some bats and owls, which bounce sound off objects.
他们猎取的很像一些蝙蝠和猫头鹰, 它们从物体上弹出声音。
Electric eels send out small shocks of electricity—about fifty every second.
电鳗发出小型电击——约每秒50起.
These small shocks hit plants, animals, and objects, and help the eels sense what’s around them.
这些小型冲击冲击了植物、动物和物体,帮助鳗鱼感觉到它们周围的东西。
When an electric eel senses prey is nearby, it sends out a group of two or three larger shocks.
当一个电动的鳗鱼感知到猎物就在附近时,它会发出一组由两到三个更大的冲击.
The shocks make the prey twitch.
冲击会让猎物颤抖
The animal can’t stop moving, so the eel senses where it is.
动物无法停止移动,
Then the electric eel sends out its attack shock, which stuns or kills the prey.
然后电鳗会发出攻击性冲击,使猎物晕倒或死亡.
The electric eel quickly sucks the prey through its mouth into its stomach before its meal swims away.
电生鳗会很快地将猎物从口中吸入其胃中,而后其取食会游走.
Electric eels mostly eat small fish, crustaceans, and amphibians, but young eels also eat worms and insect larvae.
电生鳗多吃小鱼,甲壳动物和两栖动物,而幼生鳗也吃蠕虫和昆虫幼虫.
Don’t Swim There!
别在那里游泳!
Electric eels are top predators in the slow-moving rivers where they often live.
电鳗是常栖息地缓慢移动的河流中最顶尖的捕食者.
Scientists have found them in the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers in South America and in nearby freshwater swamps, creeks, ponds, and lakes.
科学家在南美洲的亚马逊河和奥里诺科河以及附近的淡水沼泽地,小溪,池塘和湖泊中发现了它们.
Because they breathe air, electric eels can live in water that might kill other fish.
因为它们能呼吸出空气,电鳗可以活在可能杀死其他鱼类的水中.
They can also live out of water for hours if their skin stays wet.
如果皮肤保持湿润,它们也可以从水中活上几个小时。
Electric Eel Habitat ATLANTIC OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN SOUTH AMERICA Amazon River Orinoco River Electric Eel Habitat Electric eels mostly mate in small ponds.
电耳栖息地 南极洲 南美洲 亚马逊河 Orinoco河电耳栖所 电鳗大多在小池塘中交配.
Male eels build nests by making bubbles with their saliva.
雄性鳗鱼会用口水做出泡泡来筑巢.
Female eels lay eggs in the bubbles.
雌性鳗鱼会产卵入泡.
Males guard the nests and the baby eels until they are about 10 centimeters (4 in.)
雄鸟会守护巢和幼鳗,直到它们相距约10厘米(4英寸).
prey for other animals, such as crocodiles.
捕食其他动物,如鳄鱼。
Black caimans, which are related to crocodiles, are one of the few predators that try to eat electric eels.
与鳄鱼有关的黑 ca是少数尝试吃电鳗的捕食者之一.
Future Energy Source Scientists now know more about electric eels than Humboldt did, but they are not done learning.
未来能源源科学家现在比洪堡更了解电鳗,但他们没有完成学习.
Scientists at Yale University want to use electrocytes as a model to create cells that act like batteries.
耶鲁大学的科学家们想用电子细胞作为模型,来创造像电池一样的细胞.
Some medical devices— such as pacemakers, which keep hearts beating—contain batteries that could harm a person if they break.
一些医疗装置——例如使心跳不停的起搏器——装有电池,如果电池断裂,可能会伤害人。
Scientists want to create batteries that won’t be harmful and won’t run out of power.
科学家希望创造不会有害、也不会耗尽动力的电池。
Humboldt wrote more than two hundred years ago, “We are, doubtless, very far from having discovered all the secrets of the electrical action of fishes.”
洪堡二百多年前写道,“毫无疑问,我们远远没有发现鱼类电动行动的所有秘密。 “
What will electric eels help scientists understand next?
接下来电鳗会帮助科学家了解什么?
Glossary electric (adj.)
电子词汇(adj.)
charged with, powered by, or producing energy that is created by moving charged particles (p.
由电荷充电、由电源充电或产生由移动电荷粒子产生的能(p.
4) electric currents (n.)
4)电流 (n.
(n.)
(无)